CN107389305B - Convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device and experimental method - Google Patents
Convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107389305B CN107389305B CN201710860815.0A CN201710860815A CN107389305B CN 107389305 B CN107389305 B CN 107389305B CN 201710860815 A CN201710860815 A CN 201710860815A CN 107389305 B CN107389305 B CN 107389305B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a convenient and easy-to-use multi-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device and an experimental method, wherein the experimental device comprises an experimental bench, a first pressure tank, a second pressure tank, a first valve, a second valve and a visual experimental section; a first vertical pipeline, a first four-way joint and a first horizontal pipeline are arranged at the bottom of the first pressure tank; the bottom of the second pressure tank is provided with a second vertical pipeline, a second four-way joint and a second horizontal pipeline; the first vertical pipeline, the first four-way joint and the first horizontal pipeline which are positioned on the left side of the visual experimental section are symmetrically arranged relative to the midperpendicular direction of the visual experimental section with the second vertical pipeline, the second four-way joint and the second horizontal pipeline which are positioned on the right side of the visual experimental section. The technology is suitable for cavitation implementation experiments of various liquids under various working conditions, and has the technical advantages of reasonable structural design, convenient operation, visualization, cost saving, experiment liquid waste avoidance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cavitation experimental equipment, in particular to a convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visualization experimental device and an experimental method.
Background
Cavitation is well known as a phenomenon whereby a liquid changes phase after its partial pressure is below its saturation vapor pressure.
Different cavitation phenomena under different working conditions (liquid working medium, temperature and the like) need to be studied in a laboratory so as to further understand the characteristics of the cavitation phenomena. However, in experimental studies, specific experimental devices are required to generate different types of cavitation.
At present, the existing experimental device is usually a closed circulating water tunnel, and most closed circulating water tunnels are designed by adopting normal-temperature water as working medium, so that different types of cavitation phenomena are generated in an experimental section. However, most closed circulation water holes have very large pipeline size, so that the volume of liquid (namely liquid working medium) is large, and the use is very inconvenient; and the circulating pump is used for conveying the low-temperature water in the pipeline, when cavitation under different liquid working media and temperatures and other conditions is required to be studied, the circulating pump in the water holes is difficult to convey some liquid working media with high temperature or different liquid working media, so that the device cannot adapt to the conditions of various liquid working media with various working conditions, and the experimental device has obvious limitations. In addition, the difficulty in replacing the sealing material or the pipeline part of the water tunnel pipeline and increasing the heating temperature control equipment is high, and the cost is high.
In summary, how to overcome the above technical defects of the experimental device in the prior art is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visualization experiment device and an experiment method, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention also provides a convenient and easy-to-use multi-station temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device, which comprises an experimental bench, a first pressure tank, a second pressure tank, a first valve, a second valve and a visual experimental section, wherein the first pressure tank, the second pressure tank, the first valve and the second valve are arranged on the experimental bench;
wherein; the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank are respectively positioned at the same horizontal plane at two ends of the top of the experiment bench;
a first vertical pipeline, a first four-way joint and a first horizontal pipeline are arranged at the bottom of the first pressure tank; the first pressure tank is communicated with one end of the first vertical pipeline, and the other end of the first vertical pipeline is communicated with one end of the first horizontal pipeline through the first four-way joint; the other end of the first horizontal pipeline is communicated with the left end of the visual experiment section; the first valve is arranged on the first vertical pipeline;
a second vertical pipeline, a second four-way joint and a second horizontal pipeline are arranged at the bottom of the second pressure tank; the second pressure tank is communicated with one end of the second vertical pipeline, and the other end of the second vertical pipeline is communicated with one end of the second horizontal pipeline through the second four-way joint; the other end of the second horizontal pipeline is communicated with the right end of the visual experiment section; the second valve is arranged on the second vertical pipeline;
part of the outer shell of the visual experiment section is a transparent outer shell; the first vertical pipeline, the first four-way joint and the first horizontal pipeline which are positioned on the left side of the visual experimental section are symmetrically arranged relative to the midperpendicular direction of the visual experimental section, and the second vertical pipeline, the second four-way joint and the second horizontal pipeline which are positioned on the right side of the visual experimental section.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the first valve and the second valve are ball valves.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the visual experimental section further comprises a visual experimental section body and a measurement acquisition instrument connected with the visual experimental section body.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the measuring and collecting instrument comprises a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure data of the liquid working medium in the visual experiment section body in real time.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device convenient and easy to use also comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a first water-feeding and blow-down valve, a second water-feeding and blow-down valve, a heater and a temperature controller;
the two heaters are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first pressure tank and the bottom of the second pressure tank; the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the temperature controller; the temperature controller is also electrically connected with the two heaters respectively;
the heater is used for directly performing heating operation on the first pressure tank or the second pressure tank;
the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the liquid working medium output by the first pressure tank in real time and sending the measured real-time temperature to the temperature controller;
the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the liquid working medium output by the second pressure tank in real time and sending the measured real-time temperature to the temperature controller;
the temperature controller is used for setting target temperature required by experiments, controlling the heater to heat the liquid working medium in the pressure tank, and controlling the corresponding heater to stop heating operation after receiving the real-time temperature detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor reaches the target temperature.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the first four-way joint is provided with a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface respectively;
the connection mode of the first four-way joint, the pipeline and the temperature sensor is as follows: the first interface of the first four-way joint is specifically communicated with a first vertical pipeline, the second interface is specifically communicated with a first horizontal pipeline, the third interface is specifically communicated with a first water supply and drainage valve, and the fourth interface is specifically communicated with a first temperature sensor.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the second four-way joint is provided with a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface respectively;
the connection mode of the second four-way joint and the pipeline as well as the temperature sensor is as follows: the first interface of the second four-way joint is specifically communicated with a second vertical pipeline, the second interface is specifically communicated with a second horizontal pipeline, the third interface is specifically communicated with a second water supply and drainage valve, and the fourth interface is specifically communicated with a second temperature sensor.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device also comprises supercharging equipment; the pressurizing equipment is used for pressurizing the tank bodies of the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the supercharging equipment is an air compressor or a high-pressure air bottle.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides an experimental method, which utilizes the convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experimental device, and comprises the following operation steps:
step 1: performing an experiment preparation operation: opening a first water supply and drainage valve, and filling a certain liquid with a volume required by an experiment into a first pressure tank; in the experimental operation process, the first water-supply drain valve and the second water-supply drain valve are in a normally closed state;
step 2: a single experimental run was performed: opening the first valve and closing the second valve at the same time; filling a certain liquid with a volume required by an experiment into a first pressure tank, a visual experiment section and a first vertical pipeline, a first horizontal pipeline and a second horizontal pipeline which are connected with the first pressure tank and the visual experiment section; setting a target temperature required by an experiment by using a temperature controller, heating a liquid working medium in a first pressure tank, and controlling the heater to stop heating after the real-time measurement measured by a first temperature sensor reaches the target temperature; raising the pressure in the first pressure tank to a specified pressure (greater than one atmosphere) by a pressurizing device, and opening the second pressure tank to atmosphere so that the pressure in the second pressure tank is one atmosphere; opening a second valve, wherein all the first pressure tanks flow into the second pressure tanks at the moment, cavitation phenomenon occurs in the liquid working medium in the visual experimental section, and experimental data acquisition is synchronously carried out by measurement acquisition equipment required by the visual experimental section, so that a single experiment is ended; at the moment, liquid is filled into the second pressure tank, the visual experiment section and the second vertical pipeline, the second horizontal pipeline and the first horizontal pipeline which are connected with the second pressure tank and the visual experiment section, and the first valve is closed to restore the pressure in the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank to the atmospheric pressure;
step 3: performing a secondary experimental operation: setting a target temperature required by an experiment by using a temperature controller, heating a liquid working medium in a second pressure tank, and controlling the heater to stop heating after the real-time measurement measured by a second temperature sensor reaches the target temperature; raising the pressure in the second pressure tank to a specified pressure (greater than one atmosphere) by a pressurizing device, and opening the first pressure tank to atmosphere so that the pressure in the first pressure tank is one atmosphere; opening a first valve, wherein all the second pressure tanks flow into the first pressure tanks at the moment, cavitation phenomenon occurs in the liquid working medium in the visual experimental section, and experimental data acquisition is synchronously carried out by measurement acquisition equipment required by the visual experimental section, so that a secondary experiment is finished; at the moment, liquid is filled into the first pressure tank, the visual experiment section and the first vertical pipeline, the first horizontal pipeline and the second horizontal pipeline which are connected with the first pressure tank and the visual experiment section again, and the second valve is closed to restore the pressure in the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank to the atmospheric pressure;
step 4: performing a plurality of repeated operations: repeatedly executing the step 2 and the step 3, and implementing cavitation experiment operation for the liquid working medium for a plurality of times;
step 5: treatment operation after the experiment is ended: when cavitation experiment operation of liquid working media is not needed, the first water-feeding blow-down valve and the second water-feeding blow-down valve are opened, and the liquid working media of the corresponding first pressure tank and second pressure tank are discharged.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that:
the multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experimental device and experimental method provided by the invention are convenient and easy to use: the main content of the multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device and the experimental method which are convenient and easy to use are analyzed can be known:
first aspect: the invention provides a convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device; the multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device is characterized by mainly comprising an experimental bench, a first pressure tank, a second pressure tank, a first valve, a second valve, a visual experimental section and the like, wherein the first pressure tank, the second pressure tank, the first valve, the second valve, the visual experimental section and the like are arranged on the experimental bench;
wherein; the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank are respectively positioned at the same horizontal plane at two ends of the top of the experiment bench;
a first vertical pipeline, a first four-way joint and a first horizontal pipeline are arranged at the bottom of the first pressure tank; the connection relationship is as follows: the first pressure tank is communicated with one end of the first vertical pipeline, and the other end of the first vertical pipeline is communicated with one end of the first horizontal pipeline through the first four-way joint; the other end of the first horizontal pipeline is communicated with the left end of the visual experiment section; the first valve is arranged on the first vertical pipeline;
a second vertical pipeline, a second four-way joint and a second horizontal pipeline are arranged at the bottom of the second pressure tank; the connection relationship is as follows: the second pressure tank is communicated with one end of the second vertical pipeline, and the other end of the second vertical pipeline is communicated with one end of the second horizontal pipeline through the second four-way joint; the other end of the second horizontal pipeline is communicated with the right end of the visual experiment section; the second valve is arranged on the second vertical pipeline;
part of the outer shell of the visual experiment section is a transparent outer shell; the first vertical pipeline, the first four-way joint and the first horizontal pipeline which are positioned on the left side of the visual experimental section are symmetrically arranged relative to the midperpendicular direction of the visual experimental section, and the second vertical pipeline, the second four-way joint and the second horizontal pipeline which are positioned on the right side of the visual experimental section.
The multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device convenient and easy to use adopts a brand-new structural design. The experimental device adopts the identical symmetrical design, and simultaneously relates to the construction of supercharging equipment, a heater, a sensor, a pipeline, a valve and a visual experimental section; the simulation of the liquid cavitation experiment can be realized through the system architecture; the principle of the experimental device is that the pressure in one pressure tank is increased (more than one atmosphere), the pressure in the other pressure tank is unchanged (equal to one atmosphere), the liquid is driven to flow through the pressure difference between the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank, cavitation is generated in the visual experimental section, and the limitation of the using condition of the circulating pump is avoided. Because this experimental apparatus has adopted simple structural design, has avoided the difficulty of changing seal or pipeline part when using different liquids as working medium to the required temperature operating mode of regulation that heating temperature regulating device in the overhead tank can be convenient, when guaranteeing to produce cavitation phenomenon, comparatively simple realization the regulatory function of multiplex condition.
The multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device (i.e. experimental device for short) which is convenient and easy to use has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, and capability of saving a large amount of use space, and completely subverts the traditional experimental mode of adopting a closed circulating water hole as the experimental device; the experimental device is more convenient and quick to operate, can be suitable for various working conditions and various liquids to carry out experiments, can realize repeated experiments, and saves liquid experiment losses to the greatest extent (since a plurality of experimental liquids are more expensive, the experimental device can ensure that repeated experiments can be realized in a visual experiment section, and the waste of the experimental liquids is avoided); meanwhile, the visual display is convenient for operators to observe experimental phenomena better.
Second aspect: the invention also provides an experimental method, which is based on the convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device, and realizes corresponding experimental operation; according to the experimental method, from the viewpoints of economy, environmental protection and recycling of liquid working media, the symmetrical design is carried out on the whole experimental device in consideration of higher cost of some liquid working media, and after a single experiment is finished, the flowing direction can be changed, and the experiment is alternately carried out, so that the recycling of the liquid working media is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experiment device which is convenient and easy to use and provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experiment device, which is convenient and easy to use and is provided in the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a local enlarged structure of a multi-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visualization experiment device with convenience and easiness in use according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another local enlarged structure of a multi-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experiment device with convenience and easiness in use according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an experimental method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-a first pressure tank; 2-a second pressure tank; 3-a first valve; 4-a second valve; 5-a visual experiment section; 6-a first temperature sensor; 7-a second temperature sensor; 8-a first water supply and drainage valve; 9-a second water supply and drainage valve; 10-an experiment bench; 11-a first vertical pipe; 12-a first four-way joint; 13-a first horizontal pipe; 14-a second vertical pipe; 15-a second four-way joint; 16-a second horizontal pipe.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that certain terms indicating orientations or positional relationships are merely used to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not meant to indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must be oriented, configured and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that "connected" is to be understood in a broad sense, for example, may be a fixed connection, may be a detachable connection, or may be integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The invention will now be described in further detail by way of specific examples of embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a convenient and easy-to-use multi-station temperature-controllable cavitation visualization experiment device, which comprises an experiment bench 10, a first pressure tank 1, a second pressure tank 2, a first valve 3, a second valve 4 and a visualization experiment section 5 (symmetrically designed, connected with a measurement acquisition instrument required) which are installed on the experiment bench 10;
wherein; the first pressure tank 1 and the second pressure tank 2 are respectively positioned at the same horizontal plane at the two ends of the top of the experiment bench 10;
referring specifically to fig. 3 and 4, a first vertical pipe 11, a first four-way joint 12 and a first horizontal pipe 13 are provided at the bottom of the first pressure tank 1; the first pressure tank 1 is communicated with one end of the first vertical pipeline 11, and the other end of the first vertical pipeline 11 is communicated with one end of the first horizontal pipeline 13 through the first four-way joint 12; the other end of the first horizontal pipeline 13 is communicated with the left end of the visual experiment section 5; the first valve 3 is arranged on the first vertical pipeline 11;
referring specifically to fig. 3 and 4, a second vertical pipe 14, a second four-way joint 15 and a second horizontal pipe 16 are provided at the bottom of the second pressure tank 2; and the second pressure tank 2 is communicated with one end of the second vertical pipeline 14, and the other end of the second vertical pipeline 14 is communicated with one end of the second horizontal pipeline 16 through the second four-way joint 15; the other end of the second horizontal pipeline 16 is communicated with the right end of the visual experiment section 5; the second valve 4 is arranged on the second vertical pipeline 14;
part of the outer shell of the visual experiment section 5 is a transparent outer shell; the first vertical pipeline 11, the first four-way joint 12 and the first horizontal pipeline 13 which are positioned at the left side of the visual experiment section 5 and the second vertical pipeline 14, the second four-way joint 15 and the second horizontal pipeline 16 which are positioned at the right side of the visual experiment section 5 are symmetrically arranged relative to the direction of the perpendicular bisector of the visual experiment section 5.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experimental device, which is shown in figure 1. The main components of the experimental device are shown in fig. 1, namely a first pressure tank 1, a second pressure tank 2, a first valve 3, a second valve 4, a visual experimental section 5 (symmetrically designed, connected with a required measurement and acquisition instrument), a first temperature sensor 6, a second temperature sensor 7, a first water supply and drainage valve 8, a second water supply and drainage valve 9, an experimental bench 10, a first vertical pipeline 11, a first four-way joint 12, a first horizontal pipeline 13, a second vertical pipeline 14, a second four-way joint 15, a second horizontal pipeline 16 and the like, wherein heaters (not shown in the figure) are arranged at the bottoms of the first pressure tank 1 and the second pressure tank 2, and the temperature sensor is connected with a temperature controller (not shown in the figure).
The multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device convenient and easy to use adopts a brand-new structural design.
The experimental device adopts the identical symmetrical design, and simultaneously relates to the construction of a pressure tank, pressurizing equipment, a heater, a sensor, a pipeline, a valve and a visual experimental section; the simulation of the liquid cavitation experiment can be realized through the system architecture; the experimental conditions are simulated by combining a pressure tank, a pipeline, a visual experimental section and a sensing control mode such as pressurization, temperature increase and the like. The principle of the experimental device is that the pressure in one pressure tank is increased (more than one atmosphere), the pressure in the other pressure tank is unchanged (equal to one atmosphere), the liquid is driven to flow through the pressure difference between the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank, cavitation is generated in the visual experimental section, and the limitation of the using condition of the circulating pump is avoided. Because this experimental apparatus has adopted simple structural design, has avoided the difficulty of changing seal or pipeline part when using different liquids as working medium to the required temperature operating mode of regulation that heating temperature regulating device in the overhead tank can be convenient, when guaranteeing to produce cavitation phenomenon, comparatively simple realization the regulatory function of multiplex condition.
The multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device (i.e. experimental device for short) which is convenient and easy to use has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, and capability of saving a large amount of use space, and completely subverts the traditional experimental mode of adopting a closed circulating water hole as the experimental device; the experimental device is more convenient and quick to operate, can be suitable for various working conditions and various liquids to carry out experiments, can realize repeated experiments, and saves liquid experiment losses to the greatest extent (since a plurality of experimental liquids are more expensive, the experimental device can ensure that repeated experiments can be realized in a visual experiment section, and the waste of the experimental liquids is avoided); meanwhile, the visual display is convenient for operators to observe experimental phenomena better.
The following describes in detail the specific structure and specific technical effects of the multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experimental device provided by the embodiment of the invention:
preferably, as one possible embodiment; the first valve 3 and the second valve 4 are ball valves.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the visual experiment section 5 further comprises a visual experiment section body and a measurement acquisition instrument connected with the visual experiment section body. The measuring and collecting instrument comprises a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure data of the liquid working medium in the visual experiment section body in real time.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device convenient and easy to use also comprises a first temperature sensor 6, a second temperature sensor 7, a first water-supply and blow-off valve 8, a second water-supply and blow-off valve 9, a heater (not shown in the figure) and a temperature controller (not shown in the figure);
the number of the heaters is two, and the heaters are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first pressure tank 1 and the bottom of the second pressure tank 2; the first temperature sensor 6 and the second temperature sensor 7 are respectively and electrically connected with the temperature controller; the temperature controller is also electrically connected with the two heaters respectively;
the heater is used for directly performing a heating operation on the first pressure tank 1 or the second pressure tank 2;
the first temperature sensor 6 is used for measuring the temperature of the liquid working medium output by the first pressure tank 1 in real time and sending the measured real-time temperature to the temperature controller;
the second temperature sensor 7 is used for measuring the temperature of the liquid working medium output by the second pressure tank 2 in real time and sending the measured real-time temperature to the temperature controller;
the temperature controller is used for setting a target temperature required by an experiment, controlling the heater to heat the liquid working medium in the pressure tank, and controlling the corresponding heater to stop heating operation after the real-time temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 6 and the second temperature sensor 7 reaches the target temperature.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the interfaces at the upper, right, lower and left positions of the first four-way joint 12 are respectively a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface correspondingly;
the first four-way joint 12 is connected with the pipeline and the temperature sensor in the following manner: the first interface of the first four-way joint 12 is specifically communicated with the first vertical pipeline 11, the second interface is specifically communicated with the first horizontal pipeline 13, the third interface is specifically communicated with the first water supply and drainage valve 8, and the fourth interface is specifically communicated with the first temperature sensor 6.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the interfaces at the upper, left, lower and right positions of the second four-way joint 15 are respectively a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface correspondingly;
the connection mode between the second four-way joint 15 and the pipeline and between the second four-way joint and the temperature sensor are as follows: the first interface of the second four-way joint 15 is specifically communicated with the second vertical pipeline 14, the second interface is specifically communicated with the second horizontal pipeline 16, the third interface is specifically communicated with the second water supply and drainage valve 9, and the fourth interface is specifically communicated with the second temperature sensor 7.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device also comprises supercharging equipment; the pressurizing device is used for pressurizing the tank bodies of the first pressure tank 1 and the second pressure tank 2.
Preferably, as one possible embodiment; the supercharging equipment is an air compressor or a high-pressure air bottle.
Example two
As shown in fig. 5, correspondingly, the second embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental method, which uses the convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experimental apparatus (see) in the first embodiment, and includes the following operation steps:
step 1: performing an experiment preparation operation: namely, opening a first water supply and drainage valve 8, and filling a certain liquid with a volume required by an experiment into the first pressure tank 1; in the experimental operation process, the first water-supply and sewage-discharge valve 8 and the second water-supply and sewage-discharge valve 9 are in a normally closed state;
step 2: a single experimental run was performed: opening the first valve 3 and closing the second valve 4; filling a certain liquid with the volume required by the experiment into a first pressure tank 1, a first vertical pipeline 11, a first horizontal pipeline 13 and a second horizontal pipeline 16 which are connected with the visualization experiment section 5; setting a target temperature required by an experiment by using a temperature controller, heating a liquid working medium in a first pressure tank 1, and controlling the heater to stop heating after the real-time measurement measured by a first temperature sensor 6 reaches the target temperature; raising the pressure in the first pressure tank 1 to a specified pressure (greater than one atmosphere) by a pressurizing device, and opening the second pressure tank 2 to the atmosphere so that the pressure in the second pressure tank 2 is one atmosphere; the second valve 4 is opened, all the first pressure tank 1 flows into the second pressure tank 2 at the moment, cavitation phenomenon occurs in the liquid working medium in the visual experiment section 5, and experimental data acquisition is synchronously carried out by measurement acquisition equipment required by the visual experiment section 5, so that a single experiment is ended; at this time, liquid is filled into the second pressure tank 2, the visual experiment section 5 and the second vertical pipeline 14, the second horizontal pipeline 16 and the first horizontal pipeline 13 which are connected with the second pressure tank 2, and the first valve 3 is closed to restore the pressure in the first pressure tank 1 and the second pressure tank 2 to the atmospheric pressure;
step 3: after the end of the single experiment, a second experimental run was performed: setting a target temperature required by an experiment by using a temperature controller, heating a liquid working medium in the second pressure tank 2, and controlling the heater to stop heating after the real-time measurement measured by the second temperature sensor 7 reaches the target temperature; raising the pressure in the second pressure tank 2 to a specified pressure (greater than one atmosphere) by a pressurizing device, and opening the first pressure tank 1 to the atmosphere so that the pressure in the first pressure tank 1 is one atmosphere; the first valve 3 is opened, all the second pressure tanks 2 flow into the first pressure tanks 1 at the moment, cavitation phenomenon occurs in the liquid working medium in the visual experiment section 5, experimental data acquisition is synchronously carried out by measurement acquisition equipment required by the visual experiment section 5, and the secondary experiment is ended; at this time, the liquid is filled into the first pressure tank 1, the visualization experiment section 5 and the first vertical pipeline 11, the first horizontal pipeline 13 and the second horizontal pipeline 16 which are connected with the visualization experiment section, the second valve 4 is closed, and the pressure in the first pressure tank 1 and the second pressure tank 2 is restored to the atmospheric pressure;
step 4: performing a plurality of repeated operations: repeatedly executing the step 2 and the step 3, and implementing cavitation experiment operation for the liquid working medium for a plurality of times;
step 5: treatment operation after the experiment is ended: when cavitation experiment operation of liquid working media is not needed, the first water-supply drain valve 8 and the second water-supply drain valve 9 are opened, and the liquid working media of the corresponding first pressure tank 1 and second pressure tank 2 are discharged.
The principle of the above experimental method needs to be explained: the principle of the experimental device is that the pressure in one pressure tank is increased (more than one atmosphere), the pressure in the other pressure tank is unchanged (equal to one atmosphere), the liquid is driven to flow through the pressure difference between the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank, cavitation is generated in a visual experimental section, and the limitation of the using condition of a circulating pump is avoided. Because this experimental apparatus has adopted simple structural design, has avoided the difficulty of changing seal or pipeline part when using different liquids as working medium to the required temperature operating mode of regulation that heating temperature regulating device in the overhead tank can be convenient, when guaranteeing to produce cavitation phenomenon, comparatively simple realization the regulatory function of multiplex condition.
Regarding the above experimental method, it should be noted that: the multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visual experimental device (i.e. experimental device for short) which is convenient and easy to use has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, and capability of saving a large amount of use space, and completely subverts the traditional experimental mode of adopting a closed circulating water hole as the experimental device; the experimental device is more convenient and quick to operate, can be suitable for various working conditions and various liquids to carry out experiments, can realize repeated experiments, and saves liquid experiment losses to the greatest extent (since a plurality of experimental liquids are more expensive, the experimental device can ensure that repeated experiments can be realized in a visual experiment section, and the waste of the experimental liquids is avoided); meanwhile, the visual display is convenient for operators to observe experimental phenomena better.
In summary, the multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device and the experimental method are convenient and easy to use, and the symmetrical design is carried out on the whole experimental device in consideration of higher cost of some liquid working media from the viewpoints of economy, environmental protection and recycling of the liquid working media, and after a single experiment is finished, the flowing direction can be changed, the experiment is alternately carried out, so that the recycling of the liquid working media is realized.
Based on the above significant technical advantages, the multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experimental device and the experimental method provided by the invention have good market prospect and economic benefit.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visual experimental device is characterized by comprising an experimental bench, a first pressure tank, a second pressure tank, a first valve, a second valve and a visual experimental section, wherein the first pressure tank, the second pressure tank, the first valve and the second valve are arranged on the experimental bench; wherein; the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank are respectively positioned at the same horizontal plane at two ends of the top of the experiment bench; a first vertical pipeline, a first four-way joint and a first horizontal pipeline are arranged at the bottom of the first pressure tank; the first pressure tank is communicated with one end of the first vertical pipeline, and the other end of the first vertical pipeline is communicated with one end of the first horizontal pipeline through the first four-way joint; the other end of the first horizontal pipeline is communicated with the left end of the visual experiment section; the first valve is arranged on the first vertical pipeline; a second vertical pipeline, a second four-way joint and a second horizontal pipeline are arranged at the bottom of the second pressure tank; the second pressure tank is communicated with one end of the second vertical pipeline, and the other end of the second vertical pipeline is communicated with one end of the second horizontal pipeline through the second four-way joint; the other end of the second horizontal pipeline is communicated with the right end of the visual experiment section; the second valve is arranged on the second vertical pipeline; part of the outer shell of the visual experiment section is a transparent outer shell; the first vertical pipeline, the first four-way joint and the first horizontal pipeline which are positioned at the left side of the visual experimental section are symmetrically arranged relative to the direction of the midplumb line of the visual experimental section, and the second vertical pipeline, the second four-way joint and the second horizontal pipeline which are positioned at the right side of the visual experimental section;
the system also comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a first water supply and drainage valve, a second water supply and drainage valve, a heater and a temperature controller; the two heaters are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first pressure tank and the bottom of the second pressure tank; the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the temperature controller; the temperature controller is also electrically connected with the two heaters respectively; the heater is used for directly performing heating operation on the first pressure tank or the second pressure tank; the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the liquid working medium output by the first pressure tank in real time and sending the measured real-time temperature to the temperature controller; the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the liquid working medium output by the second pressure tank in real time and sending the measured real-time temperature to the temperature controller; the temperature controller is used for setting a target temperature required by an experiment, controlling the heater to heat the liquid working medium in the pressure tank, and controlling the corresponding heater to stop heating operation after the real-time temperature detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor reaches the target temperature;
the first four-way joint is provided with a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface respectively; the connection mode of the first four-way joint, the pipeline and the temperature sensor is as follows: the first interface of the first four-way joint is specifically communicated with a first vertical pipeline, the second interface is specifically communicated with a first horizontal pipeline, the third interface is specifically communicated with a first water supply and drainage valve, and the fourth interface is specifically communicated with a first temperature sensor;
the second four-way joint is provided with a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface respectively;
the connection mode of the second four-way joint and the pipeline as well as the temperature sensor is as follows: the first interface of the second four-way joint is specifically communicated with a second vertical pipeline, the second interface is specifically communicated with a second horizontal pipeline, the third interface is specifically communicated with a second water supply and drainage valve, and the fourth interface is specifically communicated with a second temperature sensor;
the device also comprises pressurizing equipment; the pressurizing equipment is used for pressurizing the tank bodies of the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank.
2. The convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experiment device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that,
the first valve and the second valve are ball valves.
3. The convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visualization experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the visualization experiment section further comprises a visualization experiment section body and a measurement acquisition instrument connected with the visualization experiment section body.
4. The convenient and easy-to-use multi-condition temperature-controllable cavitation visualization experiment device according to claim 3, wherein the measurement acquisition instrument comprises a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure data of the liquid working medium in the visual experiment section body in real time.
5. The convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experiment device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that,
the supercharging equipment is an air compressor or a high-pressure air bottle.
6. An experimental method, characterized in that the convenient and easy-to-use multi-working-condition controllable temperature cavitation visualization experimental device according to any one of claims 1-5 is utilized, comprising the following operation steps;
step 1: performing an experiment preparation operation: opening a first water supply and drainage valve, and filling a certain liquid with a volume required by an experiment into a first pressure tank; in the experimental operation process, the first water-supply drain valve and the second water-supply drain valve are in a normally closed state;
step 2: a single experimental run was performed: opening the first valve and closing the second valve at the same time; filling a certain liquid with a volume required by an experiment into a first pressure tank, a visual experiment section and a first vertical pipeline, a first horizontal pipeline and a second horizontal pipeline which are connected with the first pressure tank and the visual experiment section; setting a target temperature required by an experiment by using a temperature controller, heating a liquid working medium in a first pressure tank, and controlling the heater to stop heating after the real-time measurement measured by a first temperature sensor reaches the target temperature; raising the pressure in the first pressure tank to a specified pressure through pressurizing equipment, and opening the second pressure tank to the atmosphere so that the pressure in the second pressure tank is one atmosphere; opening a second valve, wherein all the first pressure tanks flow into the second pressure tanks at the moment, cavitation phenomenon occurs in the liquid working medium in the visual experimental section, and experimental data acquisition is synchronously carried out by measurement acquisition equipment required by the visual experimental section, so that a single experiment is ended; at the moment, liquid is filled into the second pressure tank, the visual experiment section and the second vertical pipeline, the second horizontal pipeline and the first horizontal pipeline which are connected with the second pressure tank and the visual experiment section, and the first valve is closed to restore the pressure in the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank to the atmospheric pressure;
step 3: performing a secondary experimental operation: setting a target temperature required by an experiment by using a temperature controller, heating a liquid working medium in a second pressure tank, and controlling the heater to stop heating after the real-time measurement measured by a second temperature sensor reaches the target temperature; raising the pressure in the second pressure tank to a specified pressure through a pressurizing device, and opening the first pressure tank to the atmosphere so that the pressure in the first pressure tank is one atmosphere; opening a first valve, wherein all the second pressure tanks flow into the first pressure tanks at the moment, cavitation phenomenon occurs in the liquid working medium in the visual experimental section, and experimental data acquisition is synchronously carried out by measurement acquisition equipment required by the visual experimental section, so that a secondary experiment is finished; at the moment, liquid is filled into the first pressure tank, the visual experiment section and the first vertical pipeline, the first horizontal pipeline and the second horizontal pipeline which are connected with the first pressure tank and the visual experiment section again, and the second valve is closed to restore the pressure in the first pressure tank and the second pressure tank to the atmospheric pressure;
step 4: performing a plurality of repeated operations: repeatedly executing the step 2 and the step 3, and implementing cavitation experiment operation for the liquid working medium for a plurality of times;
step 5: treatment operation after the experiment is ended: when cavitation experiment operation of liquid working media is not needed, opening a first water-feeding blow-down valve and a second water-feeding blow-down valve, and discharging the liquid working media of a corresponding first pressure tank and a corresponding second pressure tank;
the specified pressure is greater than one atmosphere.
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| CN110318992B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-09-25 | 江苏大学 | High-temperature molten salt medium wing type cavitation visualization test device |
| CN112629816B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-10-22 | 武汉大学 | Particle-water mixed liquid dynamic cavitation experimental device and experimental method |
| CN113175464B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-11-11 | 郑州大学 | Hydrodynamic cavitation equipment based on high-speed stable water flow generator |
| CN115876434B (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-05-02 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Pressure load propagation experimental device and method |
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