CN107386023A - A kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method and apparatus - Google Patents

A kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107386023A
CN107386023A CN201710744313.1A CN201710744313A CN107386023A CN 107386023 A CN107386023 A CN 107386023A CN 201710744313 A CN201710744313 A CN 201710744313A CN 107386023 A CN107386023 A CN 107386023A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
laser
metal powder
rust
rail
melting coating
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Pending
Application number
CN201710744313.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
段开椋
韩媛
马宝田
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Shandong Zhongke Meimei Laser Technology Co ltd
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Xi'an Zhongke Sino America Laser Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Xi'an Zhongke Sino America Laser Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Xi'an Zhongke Sino America Laser Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710744313.1A priority Critical patent/CN107386023A/en
Publication of CN107386023A publication Critical patent/CN107386023A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/02Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
    • E01B31/18Reconditioning or repairing worn or damaged parts on the spot, e.g. applying inlays, building-up rails by welding; Heating or cooling of parts on the spot, e.g. for reducing joint gaps, for hardening rails

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method and apparatus, it is realized by the following method, processing of rust removing is irradiated along setting path to Rail Surface using laser;Control laser facula is synchronized with the movement with metal powder powder feeder along the derusting path in step 1, and metal powder is equably coated on the derusting path of Rail Surface by control metal powder powder feeder;Metal powder is irradiated through laser facula, and rust-proof conductive metal wire is formed in Rail Surface.Equipment includes car body, laser element, metal powder powder feeder and the electric control unit being arranged on car body;Rail Surface derusting is carried out using laser cleaning technique, compares mechanical or chemical formula derusting method, efficiently convenient, pollution-free, away rust by laser influences smaller on rail matrix surface.

Description

A kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method and apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method and the equipment for realizing this method.
Background technology
It is automatic by the circuit in order to check the state of train occupation steel rail line, it is necessary to using close type track circuit Signal judges rail immediate status.When train is reached above the rail of the region, loop is formed between two rails, is shown by signal lamp Show and judge that the tract section is occupied, otherwise rail top is without train, open circuit between two rails, signal feedback and judge is should Section rail is unoccupied, it is allowed to which other trains enter.Rail belongs to the important component of close type track circuit, but in practice Steel rail laying is influenceed in open-air atmosphere, by rainwater, Exposure to Sunlight, day and night temperature, and particularly side line and the rail driving newly laid is less, Surface easily forms layer of oxide layer i.e. iron rust, and oxide layer is constantly aggravated, resistance becomes big, and closed type track electricity is influenceed when serious Road, cause the transmission of error signal, cause the serious accidents such as train from overtaking collision.
To solve rail rail level problem of rustiness, at present using following two methods, one kind is in the continuous built-up welding of rail rail level One fixed width stainless steel, but this rail level built-up welding can not only produce welding residual stress, can also be high due to rail phosphorus content, harden Tendency is big, and postwelding generates high carbon martensite tissue easily in heat affected area, causes rail to be broken, causes security incident; Another scheme is that stainless steel metal is sprayed on rail rail level, and the program has three shortcomings:(1) equipment is heavy, is not suitable for Used in the environment of station track earth's surface out-of-flatness.(2) in implementation process, pollution is larger, is harmful to operating personnel's health And surrounding enviroment.(3) stainless steel metal powder using efficiency is low, and cost is higher.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method and its equipment, this method and uses high energy Laser is measured by (nickel) cladding of special metal powder in Rail Surface, forms the conductive metal wire of a particular path, effectively solve because Guide rail rail level get rusty caused by signal wrong report problem.Realize the equipment of this method by laser generator and mechanical automation equipment Integrated, small volume, easy to operation, efficiency high is pollution-free.
The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method, including with Lower step:
Step 1: away rust by laser;
Processing of rust removing is irradiated along setting path to Rail Surface using laser;Light path treatment with irradiation, Rail Surface oxygen The laser beam irradiation for changing layer in high intensity issues third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse physical reactions, and oxide layer is destroyed, and Rail Surface forms one and appears this The setting path of color.
Step 2: laser melting coating;
Control laser facula is synchronized with the movement with metal powder powder feeder along the path after the derusting in step 1, controls metal Metal powder is equably coated on the path after the derusting of Rail Surface by powder powder feeder;Metal powder irradiates through laser facula, in steel Track surface forms rust-proof conductive metal wire.
Preferably, nonlinear type path is in the above-mentioned path that sets.
Preferably, rail level laser facula defocus in step 1, spot size 2-5mm;Rail level hot spot is in step 2 Beam focal location, spot size 1-2mm;Above-mentioned light spot shape is circular or square.
Preferably, above-mentioned nonlinear type path is S types or Z-type.
Preferably, above-mentioned metal powder is nickel powder.
The present invention also provides a kind of equipment for realizing above-mentioned railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method, and its is special Part is:Including car body, laser element, metal powder powder feeder and the electric control unit being arranged on car body;
Above-mentioned car body can move along railroad track;
Above-mentioned laser element includes optical fiber laser, the adjustable laser export head of optical fiber and position;Above-mentioned optical-fiber laser The laser of device output is exported by optical fiber by the shaping of laser export head, irradiates railroad track;
Above-mentioned metal powder powder feeder position is adjustable, and powder feeding pipe is connected on above-mentioned metal powder powder feeder, and above-mentioned powder feeding pipe is located at Above railroad track;
Above-mentioned electric control unit is used to control metal powder flow in fiber laser light, regulation metal powder powder feeder Size simultaneously controls body speed of vehicle.
The wherein exportable high intensity laser beam of optical fiber laser, small volume, electric light transformation efficiency 38%.
Preferably, the device also includes the adjusting bracket and crossbeam being arranged on car body, and above-mentioned crossbeam is fixed on Vehicular body front Or rear portion, sliding block and helical screw are provided with above-mentioned adjusting bracket, and above-mentioned crossbeam is provided with slide block guide rail;
Motor is provided with above-mentioned crossbeam, motor driven sliding block can move along slide block guide rail;
Above-mentioned laser export head is both secured on adjusting bracket with metal powder powder feeder, and laser is adjusted up and down by helical screw The distance of export head and Rail Surface, adjust spot size;
By electric control unit adjusting slider position, adjusting bracket is driven relative to cross beam movement, while drive laser defeated Lift one's head and the movement of metal powder powder feeder, realization set the rust-proof conductive metal wire cladding in path.
Preferably, above-mentioned crossbeam length is more than lateral separation between two guide rails.
Preferably, above-mentioned car body includes pedestal, and car body also includes generator, motor and the water cooling being arranged on pedestal Machine, above-mentioned output generator current are supplied to motor, water cooling unit, optical fiber laser and electric control unit, above-mentioned motor For driving car body to move along the rail, above-mentioned water cooling unit is used to cool down optical fiber laser.
Preferably, in order to realize far distance controlled, above-mentioned electric control unit is furnished with Remote handle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, Rail Surface derusting is carried out using laser cleaning technique, compares mechanical or chemical formula derusting method, efficiently Convenient, pollution-free, away rust by laser influences smaller on rail matrix surface;
2nd, using laser melting and coating technique by metal powder cladding in rail rail level, compared to traditional technique for overlaying, heat affecting Area is small, and without any heating, cooling treatment technique, organization internal martensite-free, bainite formed, the use to the rail later stage without Any influence;
3rd, laser melting coating metal powder compares welding metal bar or spray metal powder craft, and energy more focuses on i.e. thermal transition Efficiency is higher, therefore equipment volume is smaller, structure design is simple, is easy to operation in orbit, can provide efficiency of construction significantly;
4th, the equipment can meet that laser cleaning derusts and the technological requirement of laser melting coating, dual-use are efficiently convenient simultaneously;
5th, metal dust selects specific metal powder according to operation workshop section situation, and S type metal wires, phase are formed in Rail Surface Compared with spray metal powder craft, metal powder utilization rate height will not produce without any waste to environment and process operator's health Raw harm;
6th, S types metal wire can expand the contact area of wheel and conductor wire, prevent localized contact harmful effect signal Transmission.
Brief description of the drawings
When Fig. 1 is away rust by laser, laser defocus irradiation Rail Surface schematic diagram;
When Fig. 2 is laser melting coating, Laser Focusing irradiation rail rail level schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is away rust by laser and laser melting coating respectively in the S type path schematic diagrams of rail rail level;
Fig. 4 is present device schematic diagram.
Reference is in figure:1- rail, 3- sliding blocks, 4- car body pedestals, 5- powder feeding pipes, 6- powder feeders, 7- adjusting brackets, 8- Helical screw, 9- crossbeams, 10- optical fiber lasers, 11- water cooling units, 12- motor, 13- generators, 14- electric control units, 15- slide block guide rails, 16- optical fiber;
21- laser beams;
S1- away rust by laser S types path, S2- laser melting coating S types path.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
The present embodiment provides a kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method, will be specific using high energy laser Metal powder (nickel) cladding possesses good conductivity, rustless spy in Rail Surface, one S type conductive metal wire of formation, the S lines Point.The conductive metal wire of other given shapes, the conductive gold of such as Z-shaped non-linear shapes can also be formed in other embodiments Belong to line.
This method mainly includes away rust by laser and laser melting coating step;
(1) away rust by laser, laser are irradiated processing, irradiating width 2-5mm, rail 1 along S paths to the rail level of rail 1 The surface oxide layer of rail level issues third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse physical reactions in the laser beam irradiation of high intensity, and oxide layer is destroyed, the surface shape of rail 1 Into the S for appearing a rail true qualities types path S1, Fig. 3 is seen.
(2) laser melting coating, after rail 1 derusts, laser facula is synchronized with the movement with powder feeder 6 along S types path, and metal powder exists Equably it is coated in the presence of powder feeder on the S types path of rail level, metal powder irradiates through high-intensity laser beam, in Rail Surface shape Into a S type antirust conductor wire S2, and overlapped with above-mentioned derusting S type path centers, and path width is 1-2mm, sees figure 3。
Metal powder forms metal conductive wire after laser irradiates cladding, and electric conductivity is good, and is exposed to air for a long time In, the generation of surface non-oxidation layer.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of equipment for carrying out laser melting coating rust-proof conductive metal wire in railway track rail level, including Optical fiber laser 10, crossbeam 9, adjusting bracket 7, powder feeder 6, car body, electric control unit 14.
Optical fiber laser 10 is located on car body, carries out electric light conversion output laser, and laser is transmitted to laser via optical fiber 16 Export head, focus on light beam output is shaped as through laser export head, light spot shape is circular or square, is radiated at the rail of rail 1 afterwards Face, predominantly away rust by laser and laser melting coating provide LASER Light Source;
Crossbeam 9 is located at car body front end, can also be located at body rear end in other embodiments, and its length is more than between two guide rails Lateral separation, i.e., after a rail machines, adjusting bracket can be moved to along crossbeam direction above another bar steel rail rail surface; It can be moved on crossbeam equipped with slide block guide rail 15, sliding block 3 along guide rail 15;
Adjusting bracket 7 is connected with sliding block 3, and for installing fixed laser export head, helical screw 8 is housed inside adjusting bracket, can The motion of laser export head vertically is adjusted, by adjusting relative distance of the laser export head away from rail rail level, realizes light The regulation of spot size;Rail level laser facula defocus when laser cleaning derusts, such as Fig. 1, spot size 2-5mm;Laser melting coating gold When belonging to powder, rail level hot spot is in beam focal location, such as Fig. 2, spot size 1-2mm;
Powder feeder 6 is fixed on adjusting bracket, bottom connection powder feeding pipe 5, the position-adjustable of powder feeding pipe 5, in laser Require that the powder feeding pipe mouth of pipe presses close to rail rail level facula position in cladding process, and do not influence light path;
Car body mainly includes car body pedestal 4, water cooling unit 11, motor 12, generator 13, electric control unit 14, car body Two row's wheels of the bottom of pedestal 4 move along railroad track.Generator 13 provides electric power, including motor for equipment miscellaneous part 12nd, crossbeam motor, powder feeder 6, water cooling unit 11, optical fiber laser 10, electric control unit 14;Motor 12 drives wheel edge to be led Rail moves;Water cooling unit 11 is that optical fiber laser 10 provides lasting cooling water circulation;Car body is driven motion by motor 12, regulation Frame 7 is driven motion by crossbeam motor, and both are independent of each other;
Electric control unit 14 control optical fiber laser 10 go out photoswitch, regulation powder feeder 6 in metal powder uninterrupted, The rotating speed of control car body motor 12 is body movement speed, control crossbeam motor i.e. motion shape of the laser export head on crossbeam State;Electric control unit carries out peripheral operation by integrated by a control panel;Electric control unit may be equipped with remotely Remote-control handle, operating personnel can long-distance remote control operations.
The equipment adjusts the position of laser export head by adjusting bracket, it is ensured that adjusting bracket is located at rail in real work Directly over rail level, while spot size of the light beam in rail level is determined by adjusting bracket;Realized and swashed by electric control unit control Light derusting hot spot carries out the motion of S types path on rail level;After the completion of away rust by laser, electric control unit and rail level light are readjusted Spot size, cladding spot center overlap with derusting spot center, and spot motion path overlaps with derusting S path centers, that is, swashs Light output head moves along original derusting path.Laser is in Rail Surface deposited metals powder, powder feeder and laser facula synchronous working, Laser irradiates metal powder and cladding is a bright S type conductions rustless metal line on rail level by it.When side rail is processed After, laser export head adjusting bracket need to be only moved to above opposite side rail along crossbeam direction, its processing step with It is before identical, repeat no more.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
    Step 1: away rust by laser;
    Processing of rust removing is irradiated along setting path to Rail Surface using laser;
    Step 2: laser melting coating;
    Control laser facula is synchronized with the movement with metal powder powder feeder along the path after the derusting in step 1, and control metal powder is sent Metal powder is equably coated on the path after the derusting of Rail Surface by powder device;Metal powder irradiates through laser facula, in rail table Face forms rust-proof conductive metal wire.
  2. 2. railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The setting Path is nonlinear type path.
  3. 3. railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:In step 1 Rail level laser facula defocus, spot size 2-5mm;Rail level hot spot is in beam focal location in step 2, and spot size is 1-2mm;The light spot shape is circular or square.
  4. 4. railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:It is described non-straight Line style path is S types or Z-type.
  5. 5. according to any described railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive methods of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that:Institute It is nickel powder to state metal powder.
  6. 6. a kind of equipment for realizing any railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive methods of claim 1-5, it is special Sign is:Including car body, laser element, metal powder powder feeder and the electric control unit being arranged on car body;
    The car body can move along railroad track;
    The laser element includes optical fiber laser, the adjustable laser export head of optical fiber and position;The optical fiber laser is defeated The laser gone out is exported by optical fiber by the shaping of laser export head, irradiates railroad track;
    The metal powder powder feeder position is adjustable, and powder feeding pipe is connected on the metal powder powder feeder, and the powder feeding pipe is located at railway Above track;
    The electric control unit is used for the size for controlling metal powder flow in fiber laser light, regulation metal powder powder feeder And control body speed of vehicle.
  7. 7. one kind according to claim 6 realizes any railway track rail level laser melting coating antirusts of claim 1-5 The equipment of conductive method, it is characterised in that:Also include the adjusting bracket and crossbeam being arranged on car body, the crossbeam is fixed on car body Anterior or rear portion, sliding block and helical screw is provided with the adjusting bracket, the crossbeam is provided with slide block guide rail;
    Motor is provided with the crossbeam, motor driven sliding block can move along slide block guide rail;
    The laser export head is both secured on adjusting bracket with metal powder powder feeder, is adjusted laser up and down by helical screw and is exported The distance of head and Rail Surface, adjust spot size;
    By electric control unit adjusting slider position, adjusting bracket is driven relative to cross beam movement, while drive laser export head And the movement of metal powder powder feeder, realize the rust-proof conductive metal wire cladding in setting path.
  8. 8. one kind according to claim 7 realizes any railway track rail level laser melting coating antirusts of claim 1-5 The equipment of conductive method, it is characterised in that:The crossbeam length is more than lateral separation between two guide rails.
  9. 9. one kind according to claim 8 realizes any railway track rail level laser melting coating antirusts of claim 1-5 The equipment of conductive method, it is characterised in that:The car body includes pedestal, and the car body also includes the generating being arranged on pedestal Mechanical, electrical motivation and water cooling unit, the output generator current are supplied to motor, water cooling unit, optical fiber laser and electrical control Unit, the motor are used to drive car body to move along the rail, and the water cooling unit is used to cool down optical fiber laser.
  10. 10. one kind according to claim 9 realizes any railway track rail level laser melting coating antirusts of claim 1-5 The equipment of conductive method, it is characterised in that:The electric control unit is furnished with Remote handle.
CN201710744313.1A 2017-08-25 2017-08-25 A kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive method and apparatus Pending CN107386023A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110017774A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-07-16 天地科技股份有限公司上海分公司 3 d pose detection cable formula sensor
CN110227689A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-09-13 苏州大学 Integration apparatus and method are repaired in a kind of cleaning of high-energy
CN111621778A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-09-04 阳江市高功率激光应用实验室有限公司 Method for preparing anticorrosive coating of ocean wind power tower
CN112144334A (en) * 2020-09-24 2020-12-29 长沙智创机电设备有限公司 Track repair system based on laser cladding

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CN106956080A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-18 上海铁路通信有限公司 Portable mono track away rust by laser equipment
CN207295355U (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-05-01 西安中科中美激光科技有限公司 A kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive equipment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201040768Y (en) * 2007-04-11 2008-03-26 刘春雷 Steel rail surface laser modifying anti-rust working machine
CN205821454U (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-21 北京国兴力得技术有限公司 Rail level rust cleaning and the antirust equipment of laser melting coating
CN106956080A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-18 上海铁路通信有限公司 Portable mono track away rust by laser equipment
CN207295355U (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-05-01 西安中科中美激光科技有限公司 A kind of railway track rail level laser melting coating rust-proof conductive equipment

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110017774A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-07-16 天地科技股份有限公司上海分公司 3 d pose detection cable formula sensor
CN110227689A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-09-13 苏州大学 Integration apparatus and method are repaired in a kind of cleaning of high-energy
CN111621778A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-09-04 阳江市高功率激光应用实验室有限公司 Method for preparing anticorrosive coating of ocean wind power tower
CN111621778B (en) * 2019-12-23 2022-08-12 阳江市高功率激光应用实验室有限公司 Method for preparing anticorrosive coating of ocean wind power tower
CN112144334A (en) * 2020-09-24 2020-12-29 长沙智创机电设备有限公司 Track repair system based on laser cladding

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