CN107385237A - The method of smelting of antimony concentrate - Google Patents
The method of smelting of antimony concentrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107385237A CN107385237A CN201710605415.5A CN201710605415A CN107385237A CN 107385237 A CN107385237 A CN 107385237A CN 201710605415 A CN201710605415 A CN 201710605415A CN 107385237 A CN107385237 A CN 107385237A
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- antimony
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/02—Obtaining antimony
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method of smelting of antimony concentrate.The smelting apparatus that this method uses includes bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace, side-blown reduction stove and oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace；Bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace is provided with the outlet of the first slag containing antimony；Side-blown reduction stove is provided with the first entrance of slag containing antimony and the outlet of the second slag containing antimony, and the first entrance of slag containing antimony is connected with the outlet of the first slag containing antimony；Oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace is provided with the second entrance of slag containing antimony, and the second entrance of slag containing antimony is connected with the outlet of the second slag containing antimony；Method of smelting includes：Antimony concentrate is subjected to oxidizing semlting in bottom blowing aoxidizes smelting furnace, obtains the first slag containing antimony, the smelting temperature of oxidizing semlting process is 800~1100 DEG C；And reduction melting is carried out to the first slag containing antimony in side-blown reduction stove, obtain metallic antimony and the second slag containing antimony；And volatile smelting is carried out to the second slag containing antimony in oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace, obtain containing antimony volatilization dirt.Above-mentioned method of smelting is a kind of energy-saving and environmental protection, comprehensive utilization, new antimony smelting process in high yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal smelt field, in particular to a kind of method of smelting of antimony concentrate.
Background technology
Antimony, which is smelted, is divided into pyrogenic process and wet method.Fire metallurgy process has comparative advantage in antimony metallurgical production at present, reaches 95%
More than.The basic technology of this area overwhelming majority antimony smeltery is antimony concentrate blast furnace volatile smelting-thick antimony oxide at present
Reduction smelting in reverberatory furnace.
The environmentally friendly poor, high energy consumption of stibium blast furnace volatile smelting technique presence, exhaust gas volumn are big, SO in flue gas2Content is low, it is difficult to makes
The shortcomings of sour.Meanwhile blast furnace slag containing antimony is used as waste, is reclaimed without depth, cause the wasting of resources.Blast furnace can only be handled
Grade is more than 40% antimony concentrate, can not handle low-grade antimony concentrate.It is poor, environmentally friendly working condition to be also present in reverberatory furnace reduction process
The shortcomings of difference, low production efficiency, high energy consumption.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of method of smelting of antimony concentrate, to solve the antimony concentrate smelting of prior art
The problem of low Sb element recovery rates and generation a large amount of contaminated wastewater environment be present in golden process.
Current antimony smelting technique is all voloxidation, and volatilization dirt is collected to be reduced again, what this method was brought
The problem of high energy consumption, poor environmental protection, is difficult to eradicate, and the present invention aoxidizes the method into slag, liquid slag direct-reduction using antimony,
Fundamentally improve environmental protection and energy consumption problem.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides the melting that a kind of method of smelting of antimony concentrate, method of smelting use
Device includes bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace, side-blown reduction stove and oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace；Bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace is provided with the first slag containing antimony
Outlet；Side-blown reduction stove is provided with the first entrance of slag containing antimony and the outlet of the second slag containing antimony, and the first entrance of slag containing antimony and first contains antimony
Slag outlet is connected by the first chute；Oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace is provided with the second entrance of slag containing antimony, the second entrance of slag containing antimony and second
The outlet of slag containing antimony is connected by the second chute；
Method of smelting includes：Antimony concentrate is subjected to oxidizing semlting in bottom blowing aoxidizes smelting furnace, obtains the first slag containing antimony,
The smelting temperature of oxidizing semlting process is 800~1150 DEG C；And reduction is carried out to the first slag containing antimony in side-blown reduction stove and is melted
Refining, obtains metallic antimony and the second slag containing antimony；And volatile smelting is carried out to the second slag containing antimony in oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace, obtain waving containing antimony
Send out dirt.
Further, bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace is provided with charge door, and the feed way of antimony concentrate is directly to be thrown from charge door
Enter or sprayed into using spray gun from charge door.
Further, oxidizing semlting process is carried out by the way of low smelting heat in bottom blowing aoxidizes smelting furnace, oxidation is molten
The smelting temperature of refining process is 850~950 DEG C.
Further, the process of oxidizing semlting includes：Antimony concentrate is entered in the presence of slag former and the first oxygen-enriched air
Row oxidizing semlting process, obtains the first slag containing antimony；It is preferred that the first slag containing antimony is low melting point slag, the slag type of low melting point slag is selected from
SiO2-Sb2O3Type, SiO2-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type, FeO-SiO2-Sb2O3Type, FeO-SiO2-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type, FeO-SiO2-
CaO-Sb2O3Type or FeO-SiO2-CaO-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type.
Further, the first slag containing antimony is added to progress reduction melting process in side-blown reduction stove through the second chute, also
Former fusion process is low-temperature reduction melting, and the temperature of reduction melting is 1000~1150 DEG C.
Further, reduction melting process includes：First slag containing antimony is subjected to reduction melting in the presence of reducing agent
Journey, obtain metallic antimony.
Further, reducing agent is selected from coal dust, beans, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas.
Further, during reduction melting, while the second oxygen-enriched air is added into reaction system, to make part
Reducing agent burns, to provide heat to reduction melting process.
Further, the second slag containing antimony of side-blown reduction stove output is added in oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace by the second chute is carried out
Volatile smelting process, the reaction temperature of volatile smelting process is 1200~1300 DEG C.
Further, obtain containing after the step of antimony volatilization dirt, method of smelting also includes：It is cold that antimony volatilization dirt progress will be contained
But, with the Sb elements in flue gas of the recovery containing antimony.
Apply the technical scheme of the present invention, antimony concentrate is subjected to low-temperature oxidation melting, this advantageously reduces oxidizing semlting
The volatility of Sb elements in journey, so as to be advantageous to that the Sb elements in antimony concentrate are transferred in slag as much as possible, that is, improve
The yield of first slag containing antimony of liquid.Then above-mentioned first slag containing antimony is subjected to reduction melting, obtains metallic antimony and second and contain antimony
Slag.On this basis, the method for smelting of the antimony concentrate provided using the application is advantageous to improve the recovery of Sb elements in antimony concentrate
Rate.Above-mentioned method of smelting is a kind of energy-saving and environmental protection, comprehensive utilization, new antimony smelting process in high yield simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for forming the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate be used for explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the smelting apparatus of the antimony concentrate provided according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Wherein, above-mentioned accompanying drawing marks including the following drawings：
A, antimony concentrate；B, slag former；C, antimony concentrate；D, oxygen；E, compressed air；F, the first slag containing antimony；G, second contains antimony
Slag；
10th, bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace；20th, side-blown reduction stove；30th, oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace.
Embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
As described by background technology, generally use blast furnace is handled antimony concentrate in the prior art, due to place
Reason temperature is higher (generally more than 1200 DEG C), and this make it that substantial amounts of Sb elements are escaped in the form of flue gas in antimony concentrate.Although
A certain amount of Sb elements can be reclaimed by carrying out processing to flue gas, but Sb element recovery rates to be present low and can produce for processing procedure
The shortcomings of raw a large amount of contaminated wastewater environment.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of method of smelting of antimony concentrate, as shown in figure 1, this is molten
The smelting apparatus that smelting method uses includes bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace, side-blown reduction stove and oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace；Bottom blowing aoxidizes smelting furnace
It is provided with the outlet of the first slag containing antimony；Side-blown reduction stove is provided with the first entrance of slag containing antimony and the outlet of the second slag containing antimony, and first contains antimony
Slag entrance exports with the first slag containing antimony to be connected by the first chute；Oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace is provided with the second entrance of slag containing antimony, and second
The entrance of slag containing antimony exports with the second slag containing antimony to be connected by the second chute.The method of smelting includes：By antimony concentrate in BOTTOM OXYGEN
Change in smelting furnace and carry out oxidizing semlting, obtain the first slag containing antimony, the smelting temperature of oxidizing semlting process is 800~1150 DEG C；
Reduction melting is carried out to the first slag containing antimony in side-blown reduction stove, obtains metallic antimony and the second slag containing antimony；And in oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace
Volatile smelting is carried out to the second slag containing antimony, obtained containing antimony volatilization dirt.The above-mentioned volatilization dirt containing antimony also includes the valuable gold of other associations
Category, such as：Lead, zinc, indium, cadmium, tin, bismuth etc..
In the method for smelting for the antimony concentrate that the application provides, most of antimony element will be entered in the form of antimony oxide in bottom convertor
Enter in slag, and with the SiO in antimony concentrate2Form the silicate of low melting point or with low melting point oxide, this causes first to contain antimony
The fusing point of slag is relatively low.In combination with These characteristics, antimony concentrate can be realized into low-temperature oxidation melting (800 in bottom blowing oxidation furnace
~950 DEG C) purpose.This advantageously reduces the volatility of Sb elements during oxidizing semlting, so as to as much as possible by antimony essence
Sb elements in ore deposit are transferred in slag, that is, improve the content of antimony element in the first slag containing antimony of liquid.Aoxidized simultaneously in bottom blowing
Oxidizing semlting process is carried out in smelting furnace, because Bottom Blowing (oxygen-enriched air) can make the rapid spatial expansion of antimony concentrate, this energy
The contact area of antimony concentrate and Bottom Blowing is enough provided, and then improves the yield of the first slag containing antimony.Then by above-mentioned first slag containing antimony
Reduction melting is carried out, obtains metallic antimony and the second slag containing antimony；In order to further improve the rate of recovery of antimony element, above-mentioned second is contained
Antimony slag carries out volatile smelting in oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace, obtains containing antimony volatilization dirt.On this basis, the antimony essence provided using the application
The low smelting heat method of ore deposit is advantageous to improve the rate of recovery of Sb elements in antimony concentrate.Simultaneously above-mentioned method of smelting be a kind of energy-conservation,
Environmental protection, comprehensive utilization, new antimony smelting process in high yield.
" containing antimony volatilization dirt " in the application includes the valuable metal of other associations, such as in addition to comprising antimony element：
Lead, zinc, indium, cadmium, tin, bismuth etc..
During above-mentioned oxidizing semlting, bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace is set by charge door and gun slot, and antimony concentrate can be from
Charge door direct plunges into, or is added using spray gun from gun slot.When carrying out oxidizing semlting using bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace, by antimony essence
Ore deposit sprays into from the bottom of bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace or side bottom, and this is advantageous to the contact area for improving antimony concentrate and oxygen-enriched air,
And then improve the oxidation efficiency of antimony concentrate.
In a preferred embodiment, it is molten that oxidation is carried out by the way of low smelting heat in bottom blowing aoxidizes smelting furnace
Refining process, the smelting temperature of oxidizing semlting process is 850~950 DEG C.The smelting temperature of oxidizing semlting process includes but is not limited to
Above range, and limited be advantageous within the above range further reduce oxidizing semlting during Sb elements volatility,
And then improve the rate of recovery of Sb elements.
The process of above-mentioned oxidizing semlting, in a preferred embodiment, the process of oxidizing semlting include：By antimony concentrate
Oxidizing semlting process is carried out in the presence of slag former and the first oxygen-enriched air, obtains the first slag containing antimony.
During oxidizing semlting, in oxidizing semlting stove oxidation reaction occurs for antimony concentrate, slag former and oxygen-enriched air, this
So that the impurity in antimony concentrate is oxidized to form oxide, then above-mentioned oxide combines to form liquid slag with slag former, simultaneously
Antimony metal simple substance in antimony concentrate is converted into fused solution, and then obtains the first slag containing antimony of liquid.It is preferred that the slag of the first slag containing antimony
Type is selected from SiO2-Sb2O3Type, SiO2-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type, FeO-SiO2-Sb2O3Type, FeO-SiO2-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type, FeO-
SiO2-CaO-Sb2O3Type and FeO-SiO2-CaO-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type.Above-mentioned slag type is advantageous to further reduce the first slag containing antimony
Fusing point, and then be advantageous to improve the rate of recovery of follow-up antimony element.In actual fusion process, above-mentioned slag type can by
FeO, SiO are added during oxidizing semlting2, the slag former such as CaO realizes.
The temperature of above-mentioned reduction melting process can select the reduction reaction temperature of antimony concentrate commonly used in the art.In one kind
In preferred embodiment, the first slag containing antimony is added to progress reduction melting process in side-blown reduction stove through the second chute, also
Former fusion process is low-temperature reduction melting, and the temperature of reduction melting is 1000~1150 DEG C.The temperature of reduction melting is included but not
Be limited to above range, and limited within the above range, be advantageous to further improve reduction melting during Sb elements also
Former efficiency, while reduce energy consumption.
In a preferred embodiment, the process of reduction melting includes：By the first slag containing antimony reducing agent effect
Lower progress reduction melting process, obtains metallic antimony.During above-mentioned reduction melting, the first slag containing antimony and oxygen-enriched air reduce
Reaction, it will be reduced during oxidizing semlting by the antimony metal simple substance of peroxidating, and then can be by the element sb in the first slag containing antimony
Change into metallic antimony.Preferably, above-mentioned reducing agent is coal, broken burnt, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas etc..It is highly preferred that reducing
In fusion process, while the second oxygen-enriched air is added into reaction system, to make part reducing agent burning, with to reduction
Fusion process provides heat.Coal used herein can be beans and/or coal dust.
" broken Jiao " refers to " coke that granularity is less than or equal to 25mm ".
The content of oxygen is identical or different in term " the first oxygen-enriched air " and " the second oxygen-enriched air " in the application, but its
The volume content for each meaning oxygen in air is 30~75%.
Term " Bottom Blowing " refers to the gas being blown into from the bottom of bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace or side bottom in the application.
In a preferred embodiment, the second slag containing antimony of side-blown reduction stove output is added to institute by the second chute
State and volatile smelting process is carried out in oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace, the reaction temperature of volatile smelting process is 1150~1300 DEG C.Volatile smelting
Reaction temperature include but is not limited to above range, and limited and be advantageous to further improve Sb elements within the above range
Volatility, reduce the content of the Sb elements in the second slag containing antimony.
In a preferred embodiment, in the antimony concentrate of above-mentioned oxidizing semlting stove processing grade containing antimony for 15~
60wt%.In the method for smelting of above-mentioned antimony concentrate, the content of Sb elements includes but is not limited to above range in antimony concentrate, and by antimony
The content of Sb elements is enriched in concentrate carries out the return period that melting processing is advantageous to shorten Sb elements, carrying again in above range
High smelting efficiency.
Using the method for smelting of above-mentioned antimony concentrate, the Sb elements in antimony concentrate can be transferred to liquid as much as possible
In first slag containing antimony, and then the rate of recovery of Sb elements can be improved.Due to after reduction melting is handled, obtaining the second slag containing antimony
In also contain some Sb element.In a preferred embodiment, after the step of obtaining containing antimony volatilization dirt, method of smelting
Also include being cooled down the volatilization dirt containing antimony to reclaim the Sb elements in the above-mentioned volatilization dirt containing antimony.Simultaneously because above-mentioned waving containing antimony
Hair dirt also includes the valuable metal of other associations, such as：Lead, zinc, indium, cadmium, tin, bismuth etc..Thus oxygen-enriched volatilization process also helps
Reclaim the above-mentioned associated valuable metals of synthetical recovery.
During above-mentioned volatile smelting, reduction reaction occurs for the second slag containing antimony, reproducibility fuel and oxygen-enriched air, obtains gold
Belong to antimony.Because fusing point and the gasification point ratio of above-mentioned metallic antimony are relatively low, thus with the progress of volatile smelting process, the second slag containing antimony
Middle remaining Sb element evaporations are into flue gas.Then above-mentioned flue gas is cooled down, reclaims the Sb elements in the second slag containing antimony.
On the basis of this, volatile smelting is carried out to the second slag containing antimony, more than the 95wt% of Sb elements can enter in high-temperature flue gas, Jin Erneng
Enough rate of recovery for further improving Sb elements in antimony concentrate.Caused clinker can be directly as waste, output pole after volatile smelting
A small amount of needle antimony and antimony sulfonium, can return to processing.
It is preferred that the product of above-mentioned reduction melting process also includes the second slag containing antimony, weight percentage, second contains antimony
Cinder ladle includes 30%~40% FeOn, 30%~40% SiO2, 10%~20% CaO and 1~3% Sb.Contain antimony by second
The composition of slag limits the separating effect for, being advantageous to further improve metallic antimony and the second slag containing antimony within the above range, Jin Erti
The rate of recovery of high element sb.First charge door, the outlet of the first slag containing antimony, the second slag containing antimony export the second entrance of slag containing antimony, oxygen
Entrance and waste residue
In order to be better understood from the method for smelting of the antimony concentrate of the application offer, the another aspect of the application additionally provides one
The smelting apparatus of kind antimony concentrate, as shown in figure 1, the smelting apparatus includes bottom blowing oxidation smelting apparatus 10, reduction melting device 20
And oxygen-enriched volatilization device 30.Wherein, bottom blowing oxidation smelting apparatus 10 is provided with the first charge door, the outlet of the first slag containing antimony；Also
Former smelting apparatus 20 is provided with the outlet of the second slag containing antimony and metal phase outlet, and the outlet of the first slag containing antimony and reduction melting device 20 are logical
The first transfer passage of slag containing antimony is crossed to be connected；Oxygen-enriched volatilization device 30 is provided with the second entrance of slag containing antimony, oxygen intake and waste residue.
The outlet of second slag containing antimony is connected with the second entrance of slag containing antimony on oxygen-enriched volatilization device 30.
The charge door that antimony concentrate A and optional slag former B is aoxidized smelting apparatus 10 by bottom blowing is directly added into, this part antimony essence
Ore deposit is recited as A.Oxygen D and compressed air E forms oxygen-enriched air, and is sprayed into from the bottom of bottom blowing oxidation smelting apparatus 10, then
Antimony concentrate A is carried out oxidizing semlting with oxygen-enriched air, obtain the first F of slag containing antimony.
The bottom that antimony concentrate can aoxidize smelting apparatus 10 from bottom blowing sprays into, and this part antimony concentrate is recited as C.First contains antimony
Slag F, which enters in reduction melting device 20, carries out reduction melting, obtains the second G of slag containing antimony.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, these embodiments are it is not intended that limit this
Invent scope claimed.
Melting is carried out to antimony concentrate using smelting apparatus as shown in Figure 1 in embodiment 1 to 9.
The composition of antimony concentrate is as follows in embodiment 1 to 9：
Sb:45wt%, S:25wt%, Fe:10wt%, SiO2:8wt%, CaO:0.5%wt%, Al2O3:0.2wt%,
MgO:0.3%.
Embodiment 1
By 1t antimony concentrates and slag former (5wt% for accounting for antimony concentrate) (FeO, SiO2And CaO) set by bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace
The charge door put is directly added into, and oxygen-enriched air sprays into bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace from the bottom of bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace, then makes antimony
Concentrate carries out oxidizing semlting with oxygen-enriched air, obtains the first slag containing antimony, the temperature of oxidizing semlting is 800 DEG C, the first slag containing antimony
Slag type is SiO2-Sb2O3Type, SiO2-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type, FeO-SiO2-Sb2O3Type, FeO-SiO2-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type, FeO-
SiO2-CaO-Sb2O3Type and FeO-SiO2-CaO-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type.
Above-mentioned first slag containing antimony is added in reduction furnace (side-blown reduction stove), while oxygen-enriched sky is passed through from the both sides of reduction furnace
Gas and coal dust carry out reduction melting, obtain the second slag containing antimony and metallic antimony, the temperature of reduction melting is 1100 DEG C.
Second slag containing antimony is added in oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace, while coal dust is sprayed into volatile smelting is carried out in oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace,
The flue gas and waste residue containing antimony element are obtained, the temperature of oxygen-enriched volatile smelting is 1200 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
Difference with embodiment 1 is：The temperature of oxidizing semlting is 1150 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Difference with embodiment 1 is：The bottom that slag former and antimony concentrate are aoxidized to smelting furnace by bottom blowing sprays into BOTTOM OXYGEN
Change in smelting furnace.
Embodiment 4
Difference with embodiment 3 is：The temperature of oxidizing semlting is 850 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
Difference with embodiment 3 is：The temperature of oxidizing semlting is 950 DEG C.
Embodiment 6
Difference with embodiment 3 is：The temperature of reduction melting is 1000 DEG C.
Embodiment 7
Difference with embodiment 3 is：The temperature of reduction melting is 900 DEG C.
Embodiment 8
Difference with embodiment 3 is：The temperature of volatile smelting is 1100 DEG C.
Embodiment 9
Difference with embodiment 1 is：Slag former is added without during oxidizing semlting, the slag type of the first slag containing antimony is
SiO2-Sb2O3Type, SiO2-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type.
Comparative example 1
With being distinguished as embodiment 1：Antimony concentrate is subjected to oxidizing semlting with oxygen-enriched air in blast furnace, obtains containing antimony
Slag, the temperature of oxidizing semlting is 1250 DEG C.
Comparative example 2
With being distinguished as embodiment 3：The temperature of oxidizing semlting is 1250 DEG C.
The rate of recovery of antimony element is shown in Table 1 in the method for smelting of antimony concentrate in embodiment 1 to 9 and comparative example 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from the above description, the above embodiments of the present invention realize following technique effect：
Comparing embodiment 1 to 3 understands that the bottom that slag former and antimony concentrate are aoxidized to smelting furnace by bottom blowing sprays into bottom blowing oxidation
In smelting furnace, be advantageous to improve the rate of recovery of antimony element.
Comparing embodiment 3 to 5 and comparative example 1 are understood, the limit temperature of oxidizing semlting is preferably protected into model in the application
Be advantageous to the content of antimony element in the further rate of recovery of raising antimony metal and the first slag containing antimony in enclosing.
Comparing embodiment 3,6,7 understands to be advantageous to the limit temperature of reduction melting in the preferable protection domain of the application
Further improve the rate of recovery of antimony metal.
Comparing embodiment 3 and 8 is understood, the limit temperature of volatile smelting is advantageous into one in the preferable scope of the application
Step improves the rate of recovery of antimony metal.
Comparing embodiment 1 and 9 is understood, the slag type of the first slag containing antimony is defined to be advantageous to further improve in preferred slag type
The rate of recovery of antimony metal.
Comparing embodiment 1 to 9 and comparative example 1 are understood, connect stove low smelting heat process advan using using three in the application
In the rate of recovery for improving antimony metal.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of method of smelting of antimony concentrate, it is characterised in that the smelting apparatus that the method for smelting uses aoxidizes including bottom blowing
Smelting furnace, side-blown reduction stove and oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace；
The bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace is provided with the outlet of the first slag containing antimony；The side-blown reduction stove is provided with the first entrance of slag containing antimony
Exported with the second slag containing antimony, the first slag containing antimony entrance exports with first slag containing antimony to be connected by the first chute；Institute
State oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace and be provided with the second entrance of slag containing antimony, the second slag containing antimony entrance and second slag containing antimony outlet pass through the
Two chutes are connected；
The method of smelting includes：
The antimony concentrate is subjected to oxidizing semlting in the bottom blowing aoxidizes smelting furnace, obtains the first slag containing antimony, the oxidation
The smelting temperature of fusion process is 800~1100 DEG C；
Reduction melting is carried out to first slag containing antimony in the side-blown reduction stove, obtains metallic antimony and the second slag containing antimony；
And volatile smelting is carried out to second slag containing antimony in the oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace, obtain containing antimony volatilization dirt.
2. method of smelting according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that using low in the bottom blowing aoxidizes smelting furnace
The mode of warm melting carries out the oxidizing semlting process, and the optimal smelting temperature of the oxidizing semlting process is 850~950 DEG C.
3. method of smelting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace be provided with charge door and
Gun slot, the feed way of the antimony concentrate are to direct plunge into from the charge door or added using spray gun from the gun slot.
4. method of smelting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the antimony essence of the bottom blowing oxidation smelting furnace processing
The grade containing antimony of ore deposit is 15wt%~60wt%.
5. method of smelting according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the process of the oxidizing semlting includes：By described in
Antimony concentrate carries out the oxidizing semlting process in the presence of slag former and the first oxygen-enriched air, obtains described first and is melted containing antimony
Slag；
It is preferred that first slag containing antimony is low melting point slag, the slag type of the low melting point slag includes SiO2-Sb2O3Type, SiO2-
Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type, FeO-SiO2-Sb2O3Type, FeO-SiO2-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type, FeO-SiO2-CaO-Sb2O3Type and FeO-
SiO2-CaO-Sb2O3-Sb2O5Type.
6. method of smelting according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that by first slag containing antimony through the second
Groove is added in the side-blown reduction stove reduction melting process that carries out, and the reduction melting process is low-temperature reduction melting,
The temperature of the reduction melting is 1000~1150 DEG C.
7. method of smelting according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that the reduction melting process includes：
First slag containing antimony is subjected to the reduction melting process in the presence of reducing agent, obtains the metallic antimony.
8. method of smelting according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the reducing agent is selected from coal, broken burnt, natural gas or liquid
Liquefied oil gas.
9. method of smelting according to claim 8, it is characterised in that during the reduction melting, while to reaction
The second oxygen-enriched air is added in system, to make the part reducing agent burning, to provide heat to the reduction melting process.
10. method of smelting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described the second of the side-blown reduction stove output contains
Antimony slag is added in the oxygen-enriched volatilization furnace volatile smelting process that carries out, the volatile smelting mistake by second chute
The reaction temperature of journey is 1150~1300 DEG C.
11. method of smelting according to any one of claim 1 to 10, it is characterised in that obtain described containing antimony volatilization dirt
The step of after, the method for smelting also includes：The volatilization dirt containing antimony is cooled down, to reclaim the volatilization dirt containing antimony
In Sb elements.
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| CN115044781A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-13 | 广西万仕智稀贵金属科技有限公司 | Bismuth removing device for pyrometallurgy of antimony ore containing bismuth and antimony |
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