CN107383408A - 电磁波吸收材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

电磁波吸收材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107383408A
CN107383408A CN201710591186.6A CN201710591186A CN107383408A CN 107383408 A CN107383408 A CN 107383408A CN 201710591186 A CN201710591186 A CN 201710591186A CN 107383408 A CN107383408 A CN 107383408A
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刘世德
柯良节
梁思敬
司徒若祺
刘世昌
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：S1：将薄膜均匀预热，再进行热拉伸和热定型处理，即得处理后的薄膜基体；S2：将功能性石墨烯涂料装入喷枪，并以30～45°的角度从东、南、西、北四个方向给S1步骤中处理的薄膜基体表面喷涂四层功能性石墨烯涂料；S3：烘干操作，将喷涂有功能性石墨烯涂料的薄膜基料进行烘干，即得电磁波吸收材料。本发明提出的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，简单、易于实现，适用范围广，且制备的电磁波吸收材料的降谐波效果好，适用范围广，每层均从东、南、西、北四个方向对光波进行吸收，使光波的吸收彻底，可以吸收主动式或被动式波段发射的光波、X波、辐射线以及宇宙射线。

Description

电磁波吸收材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及降谐波材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种电磁波吸收材料的制备方法。
背景技术
在人们的日常生活中，能源是必不可少的，其中电力能源的应用最为广泛，被称为经济效能应用上的“血液”，我们日常生活中几乎每一件物品上都需要电能的推动，然而电能的使用会或多或少的产生谐波。比如日常生活中应用的计算机、智能产品、收集和各式各样的电器产品，都会产生谐波，而且每种波段上的谐波都会都产生一定的不良影响，少则EMI谐波会对应用器材造成破坏，大则EMC(电磁波辐射)会对人类身体健康产生影响，甚至对大自然环境都有非常重要影响。因此，解决电磁波辐射是刻不容缓的问题。
基于此，我们提出一种具有高效降谐波功能的电磁波吸收材料及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中降低或屏蔽谐波困难，而提出的一种电磁波吸收材料的制备方法。
本发明一种电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：薄膜基体的预处理，将薄膜均匀预热到40～60℃，保持5～10min，再进行热拉伸和热定型处理，即得处理后的薄膜基体；
S2：喷涂功能性石墨烯涂料，将功能性石墨烯涂料装入喷枪，并以10～15m/min的速度、30～45°的角度从东、南、西、北四个方向给S1步骤中处理的薄膜基体表面进行喷涂，喷涂量为200ml/min，且每喷涂完一侧后放置20～40min再以同样的方法进行下一层喷涂，一共喷涂四层功能性石墨烯涂料；
S3：烘干操作，将喷涂有功能性石墨烯涂料的薄膜基料进行烘干，且烘干温度为80～100℃，烘干时间为60～120min，烘干结束后冷却至室温即得电磁波吸收材料。
优选的，所述薄膜的材质为PP、PET、PVC和ABS中的任意一种。
优选的，所述S1步骤中的热拉伸温度为120～150℃，拉伸速度为50～100mm/min，热定型温度为140～170℃。
优选的，所述功能性石墨烯涂料包括以下重量百分比的原料：基料35％～45％，功能性石墨烯2％～20％，膨润土2％～4％，硅酸铝2％～4％，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.5％～1.5％，硬脂酸锌0.2％～0.4％，聚乙二醇1％～3％，催干剂0.5％～1.5％，消泡剂0.02％～0.04％，防霉杀菌剂0.01％～0.03％，余量的水。
优选的，所述功能性石墨烯涂料包括以下重量百分比的原料：基料40％，功能性石墨烯10％，膨润土3％，硅酸铝3％，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯1％，硬脂酸锌0.3％，聚乙二醇2％，催干剂1％，消泡剂0.03％，防霉杀菌剂0.02％，余量的水。
优选的，所述基料为聚丙烯、聚酯和聚氯乙烯中的任意一种。
优选的，所述功能性石墨烯采购于聚亨集团或为镶有离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯，所述镶有离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯为镶有铁、铜、锌离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯、镶有铁、铜、锌离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯以及镶有铁、锰、锌离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯中的任意一种。
本发明提出的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，简单、易于实现，适用范围广，且制备的电磁波吸收材料采用薄膜基体上复合四层功能性石墨烯涂料，功能性石墨烯涂料中功能性石墨烯的加入使功能性石墨烯涂料具有吸波的功能，进而起到降低谐波的作用，根据四方光栅的远离将功能性石墨烯涂料从东、南、西、北四个方向进行喷涂，保证功能性石墨烯涂料能够从每个角度覆盖薄膜基体，而且薄膜基体上的每层吸收光或波都可以达到50％以上，采用四层叠加喷涂，每一层都可以吸收上一层吸收的光或波的一半，进而对光或波进行彻底吸收，以提高材料的吸收效果，而且制备的电磁波吸收材料适用范围广，可以对主动式波段或被动式波段发射的光波进行有效吸收，还可以吸收X波、辐射线以及宇宙射线。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
实施例一
本发明提出的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：薄膜基体的预处理，将薄膜均匀预热到50℃，保持5～10min，再于140℃的温度下，以70mm/min的速度进行热拉伸，然后再于160℃的温度下进行热定型处理，冷却至室温后即得处理后的薄膜基体；
S2：喷涂功能性石墨烯涂料，将功能性石墨烯涂料装入喷枪，并以12m/min的速度、30～45°的角度从东、南、西、北四个方向给S1步骤中处理的薄膜基体表面进行喷涂，喷涂量为200ml/min，且每喷涂完一侧后放置30min再以同样的方法进行下一层喷涂，一共喷涂四层功能性石墨烯涂料；
S3：烘干操作，将喷涂有功能性石墨烯涂料的薄膜基料进行烘干，且烘干温度为90℃，烘干时间为90min，烘干结束后冷却至室温即得电磁波吸收材料。
本发明中，所述功能性石墨烯涂料包括以下重量百分比的原料：聚丙烯40％，功能性石墨烯10％，膨润土3％，硅酸铝3％，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯1％，硬脂酸锌0.3％，聚乙二醇2％，催干剂1％，消泡剂0.03％，防霉杀菌剂0.02％，余量的水；所述基料为聚丙烯、聚酯和聚氯乙烯中的任意一种；所述功能性石墨烯为镶有铁、铜、锌离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯。
实施例二
本发明提出的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：薄膜基体的预处理，将薄膜均匀预热到50℃，保持10min，再于140℃的温度下，以100mm/min的速度进行热拉伸，然后再于170℃的温度下进行热定型处理，冷却至室温后即得处理后的薄膜基体；
S2：喷涂功能性石墨烯涂料，将功能性石墨烯涂料装入喷枪，并以15m/min的速度、30～45°的角度从东、南、西、北四个方向给S1步骤中处理的薄膜基体表面进行喷涂，喷涂量为200ml/min，且每喷涂完一侧后放置30min再以同样的方法进行下一层喷涂，一共喷涂四层功能性石墨烯涂料；
S3：烘干操作，将喷涂有功能性石墨烯涂料的薄膜基料进行烘干，且烘干温度为100℃，烘干时间为60min，烘干结束后冷却至室温即得电磁波吸收材料。
本发明中，所述功能性石墨烯涂料包括以下重量百分比的原料：聚氯乙烯45％，功能性石墨烯5％，膨润土3％，硅酸铝2％，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.5％，硬脂酸锌0.3％，聚乙二醇2％，催干剂0.5％，消泡剂0.02％，防霉杀菌剂0.03％，余量的水；所述功能性石墨烯采购于聚亨集团。
实施例三
本发明提出的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：薄膜基体的预处理，将薄膜均匀预热到60℃，保持10min，再于120℃的温度下，以100mm/min的速度进行热拉伸，然后再于140℃的温度下进行热定型处理，冷却至室温后即得处理后的薄膜基体；
S2：喷涂功能性石墨烯涂料，将功能性石墨烯涂料装入喷枪，并以10m/min的速度、30～45°的角度从东、南、西、北四个方向给S1步骤中处理的薄膜基体表面进行喷涂，喷涂量为200ml/min，且每喷涂完一侧后放置20min再以同样的方法进行下一层喷涂，一共喷涂四层功能性石墨烯涂料；
S3：烘干操作，将喷涂有功能性石墨烯涂料的薄膜基料进行烘干，且烘干温度为80℃，烘干时间为60min，烘干结束后冷却至室温即得电磁波吸收材料。
本发明中，所述功能性石墨烯涂料包括以下重量百分比的原料：聚酯35％，功能性石墨烯10％，膨润土2％，硅酸铝2％，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.5％，硬脂酸锌0.4％，聚乙二醇1％，催干剂1.5％，消泡剂0.03％，防霉杀菌剂0.02％，余量的水；所述功能性石墨烯为镶有铁、铜、锌离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯。
四组相同型号的电器，将实施例一制备的电磁波吸收材料应用在第一组电器上，将实施例二制备的电磁波吸收材料应用在第二组电器上，将实施例三制备的电磁波吸收材料应用在第三组电器上，第四组电器作为对照不进行任何处理，同时开启四组电器，并对四组电器的谐波值进行检测，将第一组、第二组和第三组的电器的谐波值与第四组的电器的谐波值进行比较，计算降谐波的数值，结果如下：
实施例一 实施例二 实施例三
降谐波值/db 550 490 515
结果显示，本发明实施例一～三制备的电磁波吸收材料，可以降谐波400～600db，对光波的吸收效果好。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：薄膜基体的预处理，将薄膜均匀预热到40～60℃，保持5～10min，再进行热拉伸和热定型处理，即得处理后的薄膜基体；
S2：喷涂功能性石墨烯涂料，将功能性石墨烯涂料装入喷枪，并以10～15m/min的速度、30～45°的角度从东、南、西、北四个方向给S1步骤中处理的薄膜基体表面进行喷涂，喷涂量为200ml/min，且每喷涂完一侧后放置20～40min再以同样的方法进行下一层喷涂，一共喷涂四层功能性石墨烯涂料；
S3：烘干操作，将喷涂有功能性石墨烯涂料的薄膜基料进行烘干，且烘干温度为80～100℃，烘干时间为60～120min，烘干结束后冷却至室温即得电磁波吸收材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述薄膜的材质为PP、PET、PVC和ABS中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S1步骤中的热拉伸温度为120～150℃，拉伸速度为50～100mm/min，热定型温度为140～170℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述功能性石墨烯涂料包括以下重量百分比的原料：基料35％～45％，功能性石墨烯2％～20％，膨润土2％～4％，硅酸铝2％～4％，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.5％～1.5％，硬脂酸锌0.2％～0.4％，聚乙二醇1％～3％，催干剂0.5％～1.5％，消泡剂0.02％～0.04％，防霉杀菌剂0.01％～0.03％，余量的水。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述功能性石墨烯涂料包括以下重量百分比的原料：基料40％，功能性石墨烯10％，膨润土3％，硅酸铝3％，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯1％，硬脂酸锌0.3％，聚乙二醇2％，催干剂1％，消泡剂0.03％，防霉杀菌剂0.02％，余量的水。
6.根据权利要求4-5所述的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述基料为聚丙烯、聚酯和聚氯乙烯中的任意一种。
7.根据权利要求4-5所述的电磁波吸收材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述功能性石墨烯采购于聚亨集团或为镶有离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯，所述镶有离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯为镶有铁、铜、锌离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯、镶有铁、铜、锌离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯以及镶有铁、锰、锌离子的三晶格功能性石墨烯中的任意一种。
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