CN107379685A - 一种新型公路路基复合材料 - Google Patents

一种新型公路路基复合材料 Download PDF

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CN107379685A
CN107379685A CN201710567372.6A CN201710567372A CN107379685A CN 107379685 A CN107379685 A CN 107379685A CN 201710567372 A CN201710567372 A CN 201710567372A CN 107379685 A CN107379685 A CN 107379685A
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thermoplastic layer
composite
basic unit
solid basic
composite bed
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梅利峰
王丙占
夏志超
李英
张利平
王东兴
梁志华
管建
包晓梅
张荣山
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型公路路基复合材料,包括复合层、热塑层和固基层，所述复合层包含有玻璃纤维，所述玻璃纤维上固定编制搅拌设置有碳纤维，所述碳纤维下固定编制搅拌设置有玄武岩纤维，所述玄武岩纤维上固定编制搅拌设置有超高分子纤维，所述热塑层包含有聚乙烯，所述聚乙烯内部固定混合调配有聚苯乙烯，所述聚苯乙烯内部固定混合调配有聚碳酸酯，所述聚碳酸酯内部固定混合调配有丙烯腈，所述固基层包含有树脂，所述树脂下固定浸泡覆盖有矿渣，所述矿渣下固定混合设置有机制砂下固定设置有碎石，所述固基层设置于热塑层之下，所述复合层置于热塑层之上，该种符合材料增加耐磨耐寒性，结构简单，易于实现。

Description

一种新型公路路基复合材料
技术领域
本发明涉及道路建设领域，具体为一种新型公路路基复合材料。属于道路配件生产领域。
背景技术
路基指的是按照路线位置和一定技术要求修筑的作为路面基础的带状构造物，是铁路和公路的基础，路基是用土或石料修筑而成的线形结构物。修筑在良好的地质、水文、气候条件下的路基。从材料上分，路基可分为土路基，石路基，土石路基三种。
目前现有的公路路基符合材料，都是在原有的基础上进行加固工作，但是在高原地区以及寒冷地带公路和铁路的建设不可避免的产生了冻土层的开挖及回填，对当地的生态环境造成了不可逆转的影响以及施工量的增大，增加了建造的成本，为了解决上述问题，现在高原地区及寒冷地带公路铁路的修建的过程中使用了路基用保温材料，包括草毡、聚氨酯板等。但是以上材料本身的固有特性如不可回收，不耐腐蚀，脆性大，及低温抗冲击性差造成了其使用年限短，路基使用年限久则稳固性差等缺点这些都是客观存在需要及时解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型公路路基复合材料，解决了背景技术中所提出的问题。
为解决上述问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种新型公路路基复合材料,包括复合层、热塑层和固基层，所述复合层包含有玻璃纤维，所述玻璃纤维上固定编制搅拌设置有碳纤维，所述碳纤维下固定编制搅拌设置有玄武岩纤维，所述玄武岩纤维上固定编制搅拌设置有超高分子纤维，所述热塑层包含有聚乙烯，所述聚乙烯内部固定混合调配有聚苯乙烯，所述聚苯乙烯内部固定混合调配有聚碳酸酯，所述聚碳酸酯内部固定混合调配有丙烯腈，所述固基层包含有树脂，所述树脂下固定浸泡覆盖有矿渣，所述矿渣下固定混合设置有机制砂下固定设置有碎石，所述固基层设置于热塑层之下，所述复合层置于热塑层之上。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述复合层设置于热塑层之上，所述热塑层为公路路基复合材料的中层，所述固基层为公路路基复合材质的底层，所述玻璃纤维为一种无机非金属材料。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述碳纤维由片状石墨微晶等有机纤维沿纤维轴向方向堆砌而成，所述玄武岩纤维为一种连续纤维，所述超高分子纤维占复合层的三分之一。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述聚乙烯占热塑层的26%，所述基苯乙烯占热塑层的14%，所述聚碳酸酯占热塑层的38%，所述丙烯腈占热塑层的22%。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述树脂内含粘连剂配比，所述矿渣为不规则菱块，所述机制砂为颗粒状流沙质，所述碎石单块尺寸不小于2公分。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
1.通过在把公路路基分为复合层、热塑层和固基层三个层面，把各材料合理配比区分，以达到最优化的效果，在复合层中设置有绝缘性好、耐热性强、抗腐蚀性好，机械强度高的玻璃纤维和高强度、高模量纤维的碳纤维及无机环保绿色高性能的玄武岩纤维，增加了复合层的整体耐磨抗压性能，在恶劣的寒冷环境中，因为纤维拥有的自收缩性，也避免了冻脆后对内材质造成的易碎易变形的负面影响。
2.通过在复合层下增设热塑层，内含具有优良的耐低温性能，化学稳定性好，能耐大多数酸碱侵蚀的聚乙烯、无色透明的聚乙烯，具有高于100℃的玻璃转化温度的聚苯乙烯、具高强度及弹性系数、高冲击强度、使用温度范围广的聚碳酸酯和具有良好的耐油性，耐寒性，耐磨性的丙烯腈，这些物质混合使用，提供了优良的保温性和抗寒性，然后在固基层上设置内含粘连剂的树脂，保证了固基层与热塑层的粘连度和连接稳定性，进一步提高了整个公路路基的稳定性。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种新型公路路基复合材料结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种新型公路路基复合材料复合层剖面图；
图3为本发明一种新型公路路基复合材料热塑层剖面图；
图4为本发明一种新型公路路基复合材料固基层剖面图；
图中：1-复合层、2-热塑层、3-固基层、11-玻璃纤维、12-碳纤维、13-玄武岩纤维、14-超高分子纤维、21-聚乙烯、22-聚苯乙烯、23-聚碳酸酯、24-丙烯腈、31-树脂、32-矿渣、33-机制砂、34-碎石。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1至图4，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种新型公路路基复合材料,包括复合层1、热塑层2和固基层3，所述复合层1包含有玻璃纤维11，所述玻璃纤维11上固定编制搅拌设置有碳纤维12，所述碳纤维下固定编制搅拌设置有玄武岩纤维13，所述玄武岩纤维13上固定编制搅拌设置有超高分子纤维14，所述热塑层2包含有聚乙烯21，所述聚乙烯21内部固定混合调配有聚苯乙烯22，所述聚苯乙烯22内部固定混合调配有聚碳酸酯23，所述聚碳酸酯23内部固定混合调配有丙烯腈24，所述固基层3包含有树脂31，所述树脂31下固定浸泡覆盖有矿渣32，所述矿渣32下固定混合设置有机制砂33下固定设置有碎石34，所述固基层3设置于热塑层2之下，所述复合层1置于热塑层2之上。
复合层1设置于热塑层2之上，所述热塑层2为公路路基复合材料的中层，所述固基层3为公路路基复合材质的底层，所述玻璃纤维11为一种无机非金属材料，无机非金属材料避免对面路面土壤的金属污染。
碳纤维12由片状石墨微晶等有机纤维沿纤维轴向方向堆砌而成，所述玄武岩纤维13为一种连续纤维，所述超高分子纤维14占复合层1的三分之一
由片状石墨微晶等有机纤维沿纤维轴向方向堆砌而成，增加了材质的坚韧度，连续纤维增加了复合层1的延展性。
聚乙烯21占热塑层2的26%，所述基苯乙烯22占热塑层2的14%，所述聚碳酸酯23占热塑层2的38%，所述丙烯腈24占热塑层2的22%，科学的配比，增加了整体公路路基的使用效率。
树脂31内含粘连剂配比，所述矿渣32为不规则菱块，所述机制砂33为颗粒状流沙质，所述碎石34单块尺寸不小于2公分，内含粘连剂配比增加了与热塑层2的粘连性，不规则菱块增加了物理摩擦力，不小于2公分，加强了抗压性。
首先通过在把公路路基分为复合层1、热塑层2和固基层3三个层面，把各材料合理配比区分，以达到最优化的效果，在复合层1中设置有绝缘性好、耐热性强、抗腐蚀性好，机械强度高的玻璃纤维和高强度、高模量纤维的碳纤维12及无机环保绿色高性能的玄武岩纤维13，增加了复合层1的整体耐磨抗压性能，在恶劣的寒冷环境中，因为纤维拥有的自收缩性，也避免了冻脆后对内材质造成的易碎易变形的负面影响。通过在复合层1下增设热塑层2，内含具有优良的耐低温性能，化学稳定性好，能耐大多数酸碱侵蚀的聚乙烯、无色透明的聚乙烯21，具有高于100℃的玻璃转化温度的聚苯乙烯22、具高强度及弹性系数、高冲击强度、使用温度范围广的聚碳酸酯23和具有良好的耐油性，耐寒性，耐磨性的丙烯腈24，这些物质混合使用，提供了优良的保温性和抗寒性，然后在固基层上设置内含粘连剂的树脂31，保证了固基层3与热塑层2的粘连度和连接稳定性，进一步提高了整个公路路基的稳定性。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种新型公路路基复合材料,包括复合层（1）、热塑层（2）和固基层（3），其特征在于：所述复合层（1）包含玻璃纤维（11），所述玻璃纤维（11）上固定编制搅拌设置有碳纤维（12），所述碳纤维下固定编制搅拌设置有玄武岩纤维（13），所述玄武岩纤维（13）上固定编制搅拌设置有超高分子纤维（14），所述热塑层（2）包含有聚乙烯（21），所述聚乙烯（21）内部固定混合调配有聚苯乙烯（22），所述聚苯乙烯（22）内部固定混合调配有聚碳酸酯（23），所述聚碳酸酯（23）内部固定混合调配有丙烯腈（24），所述固基层（3）包含有树脂（31），所述树脂（31）下固定浸泡覆盖有矿渣（32），所述矿渣（32）下固定混合设置有机制砂（33）下固定设置有碎石（34），所述固基层（3）设置于热塑层（2）之下，所述复合层（1）置于热塑层（2）之上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型公路路基复合材料，其特征在于：所述复合层（1）设置于热塑层（2）之上，所述热塑层（2）为公路路基复合材料的中层，所述固基层（3）为公路路基复合材质的底层，所述玻璃纤维（11）为一种无机非金属材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型公路路基复合材料，其特征在于：所述碳纤维（12）由片状石墨微晶等有机纤维沿纤维轴向方向堆砌而成，所述玄武岩纤维（13）为一种连续纤维，所述超高分子纤维（14）占复合层（1）的三分之一。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型公路路基复合材料，其特征在于：所述聚乙烯（21）占热塑层（2）的26%，所述基苯乙烯（22）占热塑层（2）的14%，所述聚碳酸酯（23）占热塑层（2）的38%，所述丙烯腈（24）占热塑层（2）的22%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型公路路基复合材料，其特征在于：所述树脂（31）内含粘连剂配比，所述矿渣（32）为不规则菱块，所述机制砂（33）为颗粒状流沙质，所述碎石（34）单块尺寸不小于2公分。
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CN103321122A (zh) * 2013-07-04 2013-09-25 重庆交通大学 一种公路、路面结构及公路路面的施工方法
CN205046431U (zh) * 2015-09-21 2016-02-24 山东电力建设第一工程公司 土砾稳定碎石基层的路基结构
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CN103321122A (zh) * 2013-07-04 2013-09-25 重庆交通大学 一种公路、路面结构及公路路面的施工方法
CN106149505A (zh) * 2015-03-24 2016-11-23 仪征市恒盈土工材料有限公司 一种新型高强度玻纤网格状格栅
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