CN107376685B

CN107376685B - Medicament storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment

Info

Publication number: CN107376685B
Application number: CN201710756111.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹西华; 俞志明
Original assignee: Institute of Oceanology of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Oceanology of CAS
Priority date: 2017-08-29
Filing date: 2017-08-29
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-29
Also published as: CN107376685A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of harmful algal bloom treatment, in particular to a medicament storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment, which realizes the effects of mechanized continuous quantitative conveying of medicaments, automatic balance of inlet and outlet water, instant mixing of a remover and the like through mechanical structure designs such as chain scraper pushing, float valve liquid level automatic control, mixed flow guiding and the like, thereby meeting the requirements of storage, mixing and homogenization, continuous mechanized operation and the like required by medicament spraying in a large-scale harmful algal bloom treatment process, and providing high-efficiency storage and mixing mechanized equipment for harmful algal bloom removal.

Description

Medicament storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of harmful algal bloom treatment, and particularly relates to a medicament storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment.

Background

In recent years, microalgae or microalgae-type harmful algal blooms frequently appearing in many water bodies such as offshore lakes, inland lakes and the like bring various hazards to water landscape, aquatic economy, even resident health and the like; effective harmful algal bloom emergency prevention and control strategies are urgently needed for maintaining landscape functions, guaranteeing economic development and protecting life safety of residents. By spraying harmful algal bloom eliminating agents such as modified clay and the like, the aims of quickly eliminating excessive microalgae or micro microalgae in a water body and reducing or eliminating the harm of the harmful algal blooms can be achieved. In the last decade or more, there have been many successful cases of controlling or eliminating large-scale harmful algal blooms by spraying modified clays.

In the implementation of the existing harmful algal bloom emergency elimination project, the key material adding and mixing operations during spraying the medicament still adopt manual operation, such as manual carrying, medicament adding and the like, so that the problems of high labor intensity, low operation efficiency and the like exist; and due to the limitation of manpower, the disadvantages of non-uniformity and unsatisfactory curing process of the manual mixing agent exist, and the field algae removal effect of the used agent is lower than the laboratory detection efficiency.

The field implementation of harmful algal bloom elimination shows that a continuous mechanized operation tool is urgently needed for the efficient control of large-area harmful algal blooms, and the safe, rapid mixing and accurate control of the curing process are effective guarantees for fully exerting the application efficiency of the algaecide. However, the existing equipment can not organically combine storage and mixing materials, particularly, due to the inherent material characteristics of large viscosity, high stacking coefficient and the like of the modified clay, continuous quantitative feeding and instant uniform mixing during the mixing of the algaecide become technical bottlenecks which limit the application of the algaecide, and the field homogenization and curing control is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of the existing harmful algal bloom treatment, the invention aims to provide a medicament storage and mixing device suitable for the harmful algal bloom treatment.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the chemical feeding device comprises a storage bin and a mixing bin, wherein the storage bin is internally provided with a feeding device, one side of the storage bin is provided with a feeding hole, and a chemical in the storage bin is conveyed to the feeding hole through the feeding device and falls into the mixing bin through the feeding hole; the mixing bin is internally provided with a vertical partition plate and at least one plane partition plate, the mixing bin is divided into a plurality of layers of cavities through the vertical partition plate and the plane partition plate, the cavities on two sides of each layer of vertical partition plate are communicated with each other, and any two cavities on adjacent layers are communicated with each other; energy dissipaters are arranged in cavities on any side of the uppermost layer of the vertical partition plate, each energy dissipater comprises a shade and a porous plate, one side of each shade is installed on the plane partition plate, a advection gap for water to pass through is reserved between the other side of each shade, which faces to the other side of each shade, for receiving the chemicals falling from the feeding port, and the plane partition plate, the porous plates are located in the shades and installed on the plane partition plates, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed in the porous plates; a liquid level adjusting automatic control valve is further arranged in the cavity where the energy dissipater is located, an inlet of the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve is communicated with a water inlet formed in the side wall of the mixing bin through a water inlet pipe, one outlet of the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve is communicated with a water outlet formed in the side wall of the mixing bin through a water outlet pipe A, and the other outlet of the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve is communicated with the inside of the shade through a water outlet pipe B; water flows to the energy dissipater through the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve, flows out from the advection gap after passing through the porous plate, is stably mixed with the medicament, passes through the cavities on the same layer and adjacent layers, and is discharged from the cavity on any side of the rigid partition plate on the lowest layer;

wherein: the conveying device is a dry powder chain type conveying device and comprises a speed reducing motor, a driving shaft, a driving wheel, a guide shaft, a guide wheel, a chain, scraping plates, a tensioning shaft and a tensioning wheel, wherein the driving shaft, the guide shaft and the tensioning shaft are rotatably arranged on the storage bin, the driving wheel, the guide wheel and the tensioning wheel are respectively arranged on the driving shaft, the guide shaft and the tensioning shaft and are connected through the chain, the chain is a single chain and is provided with a plurality of scraping plates, and the chain and each scraping plate are in a 'Feng' shape structure; the driving shaft is driven to rotate by a speed reducing motor arranged on the storage bin, and drives a chain to transmit through a driving wheel, a guide wheel and a tension wheel, so as to drive the scraping plates to convey the medicament to one side of the feeding port;

the conveying device is a dry powder chain type conveying device and comprises a speed reducing motor, a driving shaft, a driving wheel, a guide shaft, a guide wheel, a chain, scraping plates, a tensioning shaft and a tensioning wheel, wherein the driving shaft, the guide shaft and the tensioning shaft are rotatably arranged on the storage bin, the driving wheel, the guide wheel and the tensioning wheel are respectively arranged on the driving shaft, the guide shaft and the tensioning shaft and are connected through the chain, the chain is a double chain and is provided with a plurality of scraping plates, and the double chain and each scraping plate are in a structure in a shape like a Chinese character 'jing'; the driving shaft is driven to rotate by a speed reducing motor arranged on the storage bin, and drives the double chains to transmit through a driving wheel, a guide wheel and a tension wheel, so as to drive the scraping plates to convey the medicament to one side of the feeding port;

the material adding port comprises a flux adjusting plate, a blade type feeding machine and a medicament circulation cavity, the medicament circulation cavity is arranged in the storage bin, the blade type feeding machine is positioned in the medicament circulation cavity, the flux adjusting plate is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the medicament circulation cavity and positioned above the blade type feeding machine, one side of the flux adjusting plate is in a comb shape, and the medicament adding speed is controlled by adjusting the gap between one side of the comb shape and the side wall at the upper end of the medicament circulation cavity; the blade type feeder comprises a motor, a main shaft and blades, wherein the main shaft is rotatably arranged in the agent circulation cavity and is driven to rotate by the motor arranged on the storage bin, and a plurality of blades are uniformly distributed on the main shaft along the circumferential direction; the side walls of the medicament circulation cavities on two sides of the position of the blade type feeder are both arc-shaped;

the shade is in an inverted U shape, two sides of the U shape are perpendicular to the plane partition plate of the cavity, one side of the shade is provided with an energy dissipater water inlet which is communicated with the water outlet pipe B; the perforated plate is vertical to the plane clapboard of the cavity;

the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve comprises a three-way valve, a buoyancy ball, a valve core and a crank, the three-way valve is positioned between the energy dissipater and the side wall of the mixing bin, which is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the valve core of the three-way valve is semicircular; the buoyancy ball is placed on a plane clapboard of a cavity where the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve is positioned and is connected with the valve core through a crank; one interface of the three-way valve is communicated with the water inlet through a water inlet pipe, the second interface is communicated with the water outlet through a water outlet pipe A, and the third interface is communicated with the interior of the shade through a water outlet pipe B;

the energy dissipater and the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve are positioned in the first cavity, the third cavity is positioned below the first cavity, the plane partition plate between the first cavity and the third cavity is a horizontal plate parallel to the bottom surface of the mixing bin, the fourth cavity is positioned below the second cavity, one side of the vertical partition plate between the first cavity and the second cavity is in sealing contact with the side wall of the mixing bin, and the other side of the vertical partition plate between the first cavity and the second cavity is spaced from the side wall of the mixing bin and is used for communication between the first cavity and the second cavity; a space is reserved between one side of the vertical partition plate between the third cavity and the fourth cavity and the side wall of the mixing bin on the side for communication between the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and the other side of the vertical partition plate is in sealing contact with the side wall of the mixing bin on the side; the plane partition plate between the second cavity and the fourth cavity is downwards inclined from the other side of the vertical partition plate to one side of the vertical partition plate along the water flowing direction, and a side opening for communicating the second cavity and the third cavity is formed in the drop position between the plane partition plate between the second cavity and the fourth cavity and the plane partition plate between the first cavity and the third cavity; the bottom of the fourth cavity is provided with a discharge hole and an emptying hole respectively;

and an overflow port is formed in the side wall of the mixing bin on one side of the water inlet.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

the invention realizes the effects of mechanical continuous quantitative conveying of the medicament, automatic balance of inlet and outlet water, instant uniform mixing of the remover with water and the like, thereby meeting the requirements of storage, mixing and homogenization, continuous mechanical operation and the like required by medicament spraying in the large-scale harmful algal bloom treatment process, and providing high-efficiency material storage and mixing mechanized equipment for removing the harmful algal bloom.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the storage silo of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a feeding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the feeding device of the present invention;

FIG. 6A is a schematic view of a flux-adjusting plate according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6B is a second schematic view of a flux-adjusting plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 6C is a third schematic view of a flux-adjusting plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a mixing silo according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a liquid level regulating self-control valve of the present invention;

figure 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the energy dissipater of the present invention;

wherein: 1 is a storage bin, 101 is a speed reducing motor, 102 is a driving shaft, 103 is a driving wheel, 104 is a guide shaft, 105 is a guide wheel, 106 is a chain, 107 is a scraper, 108 is a tensioning shaft, 109 is a tensioning wheel, 110 is a feeding hole, 111 is a flux adjusting plate, 112 is a blade type feeder, 113 is a medicament circulating cavity, 114 is a nut, and 115 is a conveying plate;

2, a mixing bin, 201, a planar partition plate, 202, a vertical partition plate, 203, a first cavity, 204, a second cavity, 205, a third cavity, 206, a fourth cavity, 207, a shade, 208, a porous plate, 209, a through hole, 210, a horizontal flow gap, 211, a side opening, 212, a discharge hole, 213, an emptying port, 214, a water inlet, 215, a water outlet, 216, an overflow port, 217, a water inlet pipe, 218, a liquid level adjustment automatic control valve, 219, a three-way valve, 220, a buoyancy ball, 221, a valve core, 222, a crank, 223, a water outlet pipe A, 224, a water outlet pipe B and 225, wherein the energy dissipater is arranged in the mixing bin;

and 3, a roller.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present invention includes a storage bin 1 and a mixing bin 2, wherein the storage bin 1 is located above the mixing bin 2. Four corners at the bottom of the mixing bin 2 are provided with idler wheels 3 convenient to move.

The storage bin 1 is a box-type storage bin with an unlimited shape and a material conveying device arranged at the bottom, and the storage bin 1 is smooth in interior and free of dead corners or bulges which prevent the medicament from naturally leaking; a feeding opening 110 is arranged at one side of the storage bin 1, and the medicament pushed by the feeding device is discharged into the mixing bin 2 through the feeding opening 110.

The material conveying device is a dry powder chain type material conveying device, and the dry powder chain type material conveying device is of a transverse scraper plate structure driven by a chain, can be in single-chain transmission or double-chain transmission, and is preferably in single-chain transmission. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the single-chain transmission device comprises a reduction motor 101, a driving shaft 102, a driving wheel 103, a guiding shaft 104, a guiding wheel 105, a chain 106, a scraper 107, a tensioning shaft 108 and a tensioning wheel 109, wherein the driving shaft 102, the guiding shaft 104 and the tensioning shaft 108 are rotatably mounted on the storage bin 1, and the end surfaces of the three shafts are arranged in a triangle; the driving pulley 103, the guide pulley 105 and the tension pulley 109 are respectively mounted on the driving shaft 102, the guide shaft 104 and the tension shaft 108, and are connected by a chain 106. The chain 106 is a single chain and is provided with a plurality of scrapers 107, the length direction of the scrapers 107 is vertical to the medicament pushing direction of the material conveying device, and the chain 106 and each scraper 107 are in a 'feng' shape structure. The driving shaft 102 is driven by a speed reduction motor 101 installed on the storage bin 1 to rotate, and drives a chain 106 to transmit through a driving wheel 103, a guide wheel 105 and a tension wheel 109, and further drives each scraper 107 to convey the medicine to one side of the feeding port 110. The conveying speed can be realized by adjusting the running speed of the chain or the number of the scrapers. Or, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the double-chain transmission device includes a reduction motor 101, a driving shaft 102, a driving wheel 103, a guiding shaft 104, a guiding wheel 105, a chain 106, a scraping plate 107, a tensioning shaft 108 and a tensioning wheel 109, wherein the driving shaft 102, the guiding shaft 104 and the tensioning shaft 108 are rotatably mounted on the storage silo 1, and the end surfaces of the three shafts are arranged in a triangle; the driving wheel 103, the guide wheel 105 and the tension wheel 109 are respectively installed on the driving shaft 102, the guide shaft 104 and the tension shaft 108 and connected through a chain 106, the chain 106 is a double chain and is installed with a plurality of scrapers 107, two ends of each scraper 107 are respectively connected on the double chain, the length direction of each scraper 107 is perpendicular to the medicament pushing direction of the conveying device, and the double chain 106 and each scraper 107 are in a 'well' -shaped structure. The driving shaft 102 is driven by a speed reduction motor 101 installed on the storage bin 1 to rotate, and drives a double-chain transmission through a driving wheel 103, a guide wheel 105 and a tension wheel 109, so as to drive each scraper 107 to convey the medicament to one side of the feeding port 110.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 6A to 6C, the charging port 110 includes a flux adjusting plate 111, a blade feeder 112 and a drug circulation chamber 113, the drug circulation chamber 113 is installed in the storage silo 1, a conveying plate 115 is provided between the edge of the upper end opening side and the bottom surface of the storage silo 1, and the drugs pushed by the scrapers 107 are conveyed to the opening at the upper end of the drug circulation chamber 113 along the conveying plate 115. The vane type feeder 112 is located in the agent circulation chamber 113, the vane type feeder 112 is prior art, and comprises a motor, a main shaft and vanes, the main shaft is rotatably installed in the agent circulation chamber 113, and is driven to rotate by the motor installed on the storage bin 1, and a plurality of vanes are uniformly distributed on the main shaft along the circumferential direction; the side walls of the medicament flow cavity 113 at two sides of the position of the blade type feeder 112 are arc-shaped, so that the blanking area is enlarged. The flux adjusting plate 111 is installed at the opening at the upper end of the medicine flowing cavity 113 and is positioned above the blade type feeder 112, one side of the flux adjusting plate 111 facing the feeding material is comb-shaped (i.e. a plurality of teeth are arranged along the length direction of the flux adjusting plate 111), and the medicine adding speed is controlled by adjusting the gap between one side of the comb-shaped side and the side wall of the upper end of the medicine flowing cavity 113; after adjustment, the nut 114 is tightened and secured.

The medicament in the storage bin 1 is conveyed to the feeding port 110 through the material conveying device, and falls into the mixing bin 2 through the feeding port 110. As shown in fig. 1-2 and fig. 7-9, the mixing silo 2 is a multi-cavity box with water flow guiding, and is provided with a vertical partition 202 and at least one planar partition 201, the mixing silo 2 is divided into multiple layers of cavities by the vertical partition 202 and the planar partition 201, the cavities on both sides of each layer of the vertical partition 202 are communicated with each other, and any two cavities on adjacent layers are communicated with each other. And an energy dissipater and a liquid level adjusting automatic control valve 218 are arranged in the cavity on any side of the vertical partition plate 202 on the uppermost layer. The mixing bin 2 is divided into four cavities by the planar partition plate 201 and the vertical partition plate 202, namely, the interior of the mixing bin 2 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by the planar partition plate 201, and the upper layer and the lower layer are separated into a left cavity and a right cavity by the vertical partition plate 202; the first cavity 203 and the second cavity 204 are positioned above the plane clapboard 201, and the third cavity 205 and the fourth cavity 206 are positioned below the plane clapboard 201, thereby forming a communicated and spiral mixing bin 2 containing an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The energy dissipater and the liquid level adjustment self-control valve 218 are positioned in the first cavity 203, a third cavity 205 is arranged below the first cavity 203, a horizontal plate parallel to the bottom surface of the mixing bin 2 is arranged on a plane partition plate 201 between the first cavity 203 and the third cavity 205, a fourth cavity 206 is arranged below the second cavity 204, one side of a vertical partition plate 202 between the first cavity 203 and the second cavity 204 is in sealing contact with the side wall of the mixing bin 2, and a space is reserved between the other side of the vertical partition plate and the side wall of the mixing bin 2 and is used for communication between the first cavity 203 and the second cavity 204. A space is reserved between one side of the vertical partition plate 202 between the third and

fourth cavities

205 and 206 and the side wall of the mixing silo 2 at the side for communication between the third and

fourth cavities

205 and 206, and the other side of the vertical partition plate is in sealing contact with the side wall of the mixing silo 2 at the side. The plane partition plate 201 between the second cavity 204 and the fourth cavity 206 is arranged from the other side of the vertical partition plate 202 to one side of the vertical partition plate 202 in a downward inclination along the water flowing direction, the inclination angle is a downstream inclination angle of 15-30 degrees, firstly, the water flow is convenient to wash forwards, secondly, a staggered layer is formed between the bottom of the water flow end and the bottom of the first cavity, and a side opening 211 for communicating the second cavity 204 and the third cavity 205 with each other is arranged at a drop position (namely, a shadow C in fig. 7) between the plane partition plate 201 between the second cavity 204 and the fourth cavity 206 and the plane partition plate 201 between the first cavity 203 and the third cavity 205.

The distance between the side of the first and

second cavities

203 and 204, which is the other side of the vertical partition 202 between the first and

second cavities

203 and 204, and the side wall of the mixing silo 2, which is the shadow B in fig. 7, is the space for receiving the medicament (e.g. the eliminating agent) pushed by the feeding device. Static mixers (of the prior art) are added to both the third and

fourth chambers

205, 206 to facilitate mixing and homogenization of the agent with water. The bottom of the end of the fourth cavity 206 is provided with a discharge port 212 and an evacuation port 213. The flow of the spiral mixing bin 2 consisting of the four cavities can be adjusted according to the water solubility of the sprayed medicament, the curing and homogenizing time after water dissolution and the like, for example, the length of the mixing bin is prolonged, a static mixer is arranged in the mixing bin in the increasing process, the number of the cavities is increased vertically, and the like, so that ideal medicament and water are uniformly mixed and cured.

The dissipater comprises a shield 207 and a perforated plate 208, the shield 207 being in the form of an inverted "U" with two sides perpendicular to the planar partition 201 of the first chamber 203. One side of the mask 207 is mounted on the planar partition 201, and a flat flow gap 210 for passing water is left between the other side facing to the planar partition 201 for receiving the medicine dropped from the feeding port 110. The perforated plate 208 is disposed in the shield 207 and vertically mounted on the planar partition 201 of the first chamber 203 (i.e. perpendicular to the water flow direction), and a plurality of through holes 209 are uniformly distributed on the perforated plate 208. The water passing through the perforated plate 208 flows out from the advection gap 210 between the other side of the shield 207 and the flat partition 201, is smoothly mixed with the harmful algicide, and then is diverted from the position where the first chamber 203 communicates with the second chamber 204 to be flushed into the second chamber 204.

The liquid level adjusting self-control valve 218 comprises a three-way valve 219, a buoyancy ball 220, a valve core 221 and a crank 222, a water inlet 214 and a water outlet 215 are respectively formed on the side wall of the mixing bunker 2 corresponding to the first cavity 203, the three-way valve 219 is positioned between the energy dissipater and the side wall of the mixing bunker 2 provided with the water inlet 214 and the water outlet 215, and the valve core 221 of the three-way valve 219 is semicircular. The buoyancy ball 220 is placed on the plane partition 201 of the first cavity 203 where the liquid level self-control valve 218 is located, and is connected with the valve core 221 through the crank 222. One interface of the three-way valve 219 is communicated with the water inlet 214 through the water inlet pipe 217, the second interface is communicated with the water outlet 215 through the water outlet pipe A223, and the third interface is communicated with the interior of the shade 207 through the water outlet pipe B224 and the energy dissipater water inlet 225 arranged on one side of the shade 207. The opening and closing of the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve 218 are controlled by the connected buoyancy ball 220, when the water level in the first cavity 203 is low, the water inlet of the three-way valve 219 is fully opened, and water is rapidly filled into the mixing bin 2; when the water level in the first cavity 203 gradually increases to a set water level, the buoyancy ball 220 floats upwards, the valve core 221 is driven by the crank 222, the opening aperture of the water inlet is adjusted until the water inlet is sealed, and the effect of automatically regulating and controlling the water level in the mixing material bin 2 below a safety line is achieved.

An overflow hole 216 is preset on the side wall of the mixing bin 2 provided with the water inlet 219 and is used for absolute safety guarantee of water pressure and water quantity in the first cavity 203. If mechanical abnormality occurs, the excessive inlet water exceeding the safe water level can overflow out of the mixing bin through the overflow port 216. The end of the water flow in the fourth chamber 206 is provided with a discharge port 212, from which the mixing agent is communicated to an external spraying device via the discharge port 212.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the medicament in the storage bin 1 is pushed to the feeding port 110 through the feeding device and falls on one side of the mixing bin 2 where the first cavity 203 and the second cavity 204 are communicated through the feeding port 110. The water flow enters the liquid level adjusting self-control valve 218 from the water inlet 214, flows to the energy dissipater, flows out from the advection gap 210 after passing through the porous plate 208, is stably mixed with the medicament, sequentially passes through the second cavity 204, the third cavity 205 and the fourth cavity 206, and is discharged from the discharge hole 212.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a medicament stores up compounding device suitable for harmful algal bloom is administered which characterized in that: the chemical mixing device comprises a storage bin (1) and a mixing bin (2), wherein a material conveying device is installed in the storage bin (1), a material adding opening (110) is formed in one side of the storage bin (1), a chemical in the storage bin (1) is conveyed to the material adding opening (110) through the material conveying device, and falls into the mixing bin (2) through the material adding opening (110); the mixing bin (2) is internally provided with a vertical partition plate (202) and a plane partition plate (201), the mixing bin (2) is divided into a plurality of layers of cavities through the vertical partition plate (202) and the plane partition plate (201), and the cavities on two sides of each layer of the vertical partition plate (202) are communicated with each other; energy dissipaters are arranged in cavities on any side of the uppermost layer of vertical partition plates (202), each energy dissipater comprises a shade (207) and a porous plate (208), one side of each shade (207) is installed on the corresponding plane partition plate (201), a horizontal flow gap (210) for water to pass through is reserved between the other side, facing the direction of receiving the chemicals falling from the feeding port (110), of each shade and the corresponding plane partition plate (201), each porous plate (208) is located in each shade (207) and installed on the corresponding plane partition plate (201), and a plurality of through holes (209) are uniformly distributed in each porous plate (208); a liquid level adjusting automatic control valve (218) is further arranged in the cavity where the energy dissipater is located, an inlet of the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve (218) is communicated with a water inlet (214) formed in the side wall of the mixing bin (2) through a water inlet pipe, one outlet of the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve (218) is communicated with a water outlet (215) formed in the side wall of the mixing bin (2) through a water outlet pipe A (223), and the other outlet of the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve is communicated with the interior of the shade (207) through a water outlet pipe B (;

the mixing bin is characterized in that the number of the planar partition plate (201) is one, the interior of the mixing bin (2) is divided into four cavities by the planar partition plate (201) and the vertical partition plate (202), namely a first cavity (203) and a second cavity (204) which are positioned above the planar partition plate (201), and a third cavity (205) and a fourth cavity (206) which are positioned below the planar partition plate (201), one side of the vertical partition plate (202) between the first cavity and the second cavity (203 and 204) is in sealing contact with the side wall of the mixing bin (2), and a space is reserved between the other side of the vertical partition plate and the side wall of the mixing bin (2) and used for communication between the first cavity and the second cavity (203 and 204); a space is reserved between one side of the vertical partition plate (202) between the third cavity and the fourth cavity (205 and 206) and the side wall of the mixing bin (2) for communication between the third cavity and the fourth cavity (205 and 206), and the other side of the vertical partition plate is in sealing contact with the side wall of the mixing bin (2);

the medicament in the storage bin (1) is pushed to the feeding port (110) through the feeding device and falls on one side of the mixing bin (2) where the first cavity (203) is communicated with the second cavity (204) through the feeding port (110); water flows into the liquid level adjustment self-control valve (218) through the water inlet (214), flows to the energy dissipater, flows out of the advection gap (210) after passing through the porous plate (208), is stably mixed with the medicament, sequentially passes through the second cavity (204), the third cavity (205) and the fourth cavity (206), and is discharged from a discharge hole (212) formed in the fourth cavity (206).

2. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveying device is a dry powder chain type conveying device and comprises a speed reducing motor (101), a driving shaft (102), a driving wheel (103), a guide shaft (104), a guide wheel (105), a chain (106), scrapers (107), a tensioning shaft (108) and a tensioning wheel (109), wherein the driving shaft (102), the guide shaft (104) and the tensioning shaft (108) are rotatably arranged on a storage bin (1), the driving wheel (103), the guide wheel (105) and the tensioning wheel (109) are respectively arranged on the driving shaft (102), the guide shaft (104) and the tensioning shaft (108) and are connected through the chain (106), the chain (106) is a single chain and is provided with a plurality of scrapers (107), and the chain (106) and each scraper (107) are of a 'rich' shape structure; the driving shaft (102) is driven to rotate by a speed reducing motor (101) arranged on the storage bin (1), and a chain (106) is driven to transmit through a driving wheel (103), a guide wheel (105) and a tension wheel (109), so that the scrapers (107) are driven to convey the medicine to one side of the feeding hole (110).

3. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveying device is a dry powder chain type conveying device and comprises a speed reducing motor (101), a driving shaft (102), a driving wheel (103), a guide shaft (104), a guide wheel (105), a chain (106), scrapers (107), a tensioning shaft (108) and a tensioning wheel (109), wherein the driving shaft (102), the guide shaft (104) and the tensioning shaft (108) are rotatably arranged on a storage bin (1), the driving wheel (103), the guide wheel (105) and the tensioning wheel (109) are respectively arranged on the driving shaft (102), the guide shaft (104) and the tensioning shaft (108) and are connected through the chain (106), the chain (106) is a double chain and is provided with a plurality of scrapers (107), and the double chain (106) and each scraper (107) are in a structure shaped like a Chinese character 'jing'; the driving shaft (102) is driven to rotate by a speed reducing motor (101) arranged on the storage bin (1), and drives double-chain transmission through a driving wheel (103), a guide wheel (105) and a tension wheel (109), so as to drive the scrapers (107) to convey the medicament to one side of the feeding port (110).

4. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material adding port (110) comprises a flux adjusting plate (111), a blade type feeding machine (112) and a medicament circulation cavity (113), the medicament circulation cavity (113) is installed in the storage bin (1), the blade type feeding machine (112) is located in the medicament circulation cavity (113), the flux adjusting plate (111) is installed at an opening at the upper end of the medicament circulation cavity (113) and located above the blade type feeding machine (112), one side of the flux adjusting plate (111) is in a comb-tooth shape, and the medicament adding speed is controlled by adjusting a gap between one side of the comb-tooth shape and the side wall of the upper end of the medicament circulation cavity (113).

5. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the blade type feeder (112) comprises a motor, a main shaft and blades, wherein the main shaft is rotatably arranged in the agent circulation cavity (113) and is driven to rotate by the motor arranged on the storage bin (1), and a plurality of blades are uniformly distributed on the main shaft along the circumferential direction; the side walls of the medicament circulation cavities (113) at two sides of the position of the blade type feeder (112) are both arc-shaped.

6. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shade (207) is in an inverted U shape, two sides of the U shape are perpendicular to the plane partition plate (201) of the cavity where the shade is located, one side of the shade (207) is provided with an energy dissipater water inlet (225), and the energy dissipater water inlet (225) is communicated with the water outlet pipe B (224); the porous plate (208) is vertical to the plane clapboard (201) of the cavity.

7. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve (218) comprises a three-way valve (219), a buoyancy ball (220), a valve core (221) and a crank (222), the three-way valve (219) is positioned between the energy dissipater and the side wall of the mixing bin (2) provided with the water inlet (214) and the water outlet (215), and the valve core (221) of the three-way valve (219) is semicircular; the buoyancy ball (220) is placed on a plane partition plate (201) of a cavity where the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve (218) is located, and is connected with the valve core (221) through a crank (222); one interface of the three-way valve (219) is communicated with the water inlet (214) through a water inlet pipe (217), the second interface is communicated with the water outlet (215) through a water outlet pipe A (223), and the third interface is communicated with the interior of the shade (207) through a water outlet pipe B (224).

8. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy dissipater and the liquid level adjusting automatic control valve (218) are positioned in the first cavity (203), a third cavity (205) is arranged below the first cavity (203), a plane partition plate (201) between the first cavity and the third cavity (203 and 205) is a horizontal plate parallel to the bottom surface of the mixing bin (2), and a fourth cavity (206) is arranged below the second cavity (204); the plane partition plate (201) between the second cavity (204) and the fourth cavity (206) is downwards inclined from the other side of the vertical partition plate (202) to one side of the vertical partition plate (202) along the water flowing direction, and a side opening (211) for communicating the second cavity (204) and the third cavity (205) is formed in the drop height position between the plane partition plate (201) between the second cavity (204) and the fourth cavity (206) and the plane partition plate (201) between the first cavity (203) and the third cavity (205).

9. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 8, characterized in that: the bottom of the fourth cavity (206) is provided with a discharge hole (212) and an emptying hole (213) respectively.

10. The chemical storage and mixing device suitable for harmful algal bloom treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: and an overflow opening (216) is formed in the side wall of the mixing bin (2) on one side of the water inlet (214).