CN107367696A - A kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method and simulator - Google Patents
A kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method and simulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107367696A CN107367696A CN201710730851.5A CN201710730851A CN107367696A CN 107367696 A CN107367696 A CN 107367696A CN 201710730851 A CN201710730851 A CN 201710730851A CN 107367696 A CN107367696 A CN 107367696A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method applied to grid-connected extensive battery energy storage system, is characterized in, comprises the step of:The original state and parameter of battery simulator are set;Set battery simulator active power reference value, battery simulator reactive power reference qref;Battery simulator active power of output, battery simulator output reactive power are that feedback quantity carries out Dual-loop feedback control control to simulator;Battery simulator active power of output is equal to battery simulator active power reference value, and battery simulator output reactive power is equal to battery simulator reactive power reference qref;The current output DC voltage of battery simulator DC side and output DC current are measured, the SOC according to output DC current, output DC voltage, battery capacity and a upper simulation cycle updates current SOC;Obtain current DC side virtual voltage, DC side virtual current;Repeat step terminates until simulation.And provide battery simulator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric and electronic technical field, and in particular to a kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method
And simulator, to simulate the power external characteristics of actual battery group under more energy-storage units grid-connected conditions, suitable for a variety of inhomogeneities
The battery of type.
Background technology
It will have using real battery that cost is high, difficult in maintenance, battery parameter changes in the research and experiment of reality
The problems such as dumb, and might have the risk of damage battery.Carrying out research to different batteries simultaneously needs high cost to purchase
Various different types of batteries are bought, the purchase and maintenance of battery improve research cost.In the grid-connected work of energy-storage system, battery
Need with AC network to be connected by energy accumulation current converter and realize power transmission, and be not relevant for the interior of battery in practical study mostly
Portion's mechanism, only focus on the external behavior of battery.Current existing battery simulator is directly simulated using power electronic devices
Battery DC port external characteristics.And in the grid-connected work of research energy-storage system, it is necessary to be entered again by current transformer to reach with power network
The purpose of row Power Exchange.So doing not only makes complicated energy storage experimental system, the increase of control difficulty but also improves experiment
The cost of system.Analyzed with the angle of power network connection energy-storage system, typically only focus on the power transmission of power network and energy-storage system,
I.e., at current transformer and grid interface active power transmission situation.From the point of view of this angle, and current transformer direct current need not be simulated
The actual battery external characteristics with battery tie point in side.And current battery simulator is the mould to single cell prototype mostly
Intend, a kind of general battery simulator can not be extended to.
The content of the invention
The concept of the present invention is, when current transformer and battery are integrally regarded as an energy-storage units, this energy storage list
It is the commutative relation between active power between member and power network.Because the voltage of power network is certain, as long as therefore control storage
The electric current of energy unit, it is possible to which realization exchanges with the target power of power network.Built as thinking using power electronic devices
Power Electronic Circuit, passed by the power curve that the battery for making its net side power simulate as required is controlled to circuit
The defeated working condition that actual battery is simulated with realization.And universal battery simulator can simulate the external characteristics of multiple battery, have and subtract
The advantages that lacking research cost, accelerating research progress, be easy to flexibly change battery parameter.
The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of scientific and reasonable, cost is low, strong applicability, effect
Fruit is good, can simulate multiple battery external characteristics, can be applied to the general electricity of power electronicsization of grid-connected extensive battery energy storage system
Pond simulated behavior method, and provide and realize what the analogy method must use, simple in construction, easy to use, Parameter adjustable,
The good simulator of practicality.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme:A kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior side
Method, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
(1) original state and parameter of battery simulator, including battery types, battery charging and discharging pattern, charged shape are set
State SOC, battery capacity C, battery health degree SOH and multiplying power;
(2) original operating state and parameter setting battery simulator active power reference value set according to battery simulator
Pref;
(3) with battery simulator active power reference value Pref, battery simulator reactive power reference qref QrefFor set-point,
Battery simulator active power of output P, battery simulator output reactive power Q are that feedback quantity carries out Dual-loop feedback control to simulator
Control;
(4) sinusoidal pulse width modulation ripple SPWM is produced as modulated signal using the output of Dual-loop feedback control control, using just
String pulse width modulated wave SPWM control simulators make battery simulator active power of output P be equal to battery simulator active power reference
Value Pref, battery simulator output reactive power Q is equal to battery simulator reactive power reference qref Qref;
(5) the current output DC voltage U of battery simulator DC side is measureddcWith output DC current Idc, according to output
DC current Idc, output DC voltage Udc, battery capacity C and a upper simulation cycle SOC update current SOC;
(6) according to current SOC, corresponding actual battery parameter corresponding relation, current DC side virtual voltage U ', direct current are obtained
Side virtual current I ';
(7) repeat step (2)~(6) are terminated until simulating.
Described battery simulator includes:The driving input of Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter is sequentially connected IGBT drivings
Circuit, control circuit and measuring circuit;Three of Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter exchange interfaces as whole battery simulator with
The interface of power network, realize the active power between battery simulator and power network and reactive power exchange control;Three-phase voltage type PWM
The DC output end of current transformer is sequentially connected DC bus capacitor Cdc, Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter, DC bus capacitor CdcIt is connected on
Voltage support is provided for current transformer and reduce DC side between Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter and Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter
Harmonic wave, Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter direct current side joint DC bus capacitor Cdc, exchange side joint three phase network and realize ac-dc conversion
Function, reactor L1、L2For filtering out the loss equivalent resistance R of current harmonics, current transformer series connection and circuit1、R2Represent.
A kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method of the present invention is with cell voltage, electric current and state-of-charge
Based on the relation between battery parameter, in the course of the work, by detecting simulator AC operating current in real time, with reference to
Current SOC, and other battery parameters obtain battery simulator active power reference value Pref, and handed over according to the power of battery
That changes needs setting battery simulator reactive power reference qref Qref;With battery simulator active power reference value Pref, battery mould
Intend device reactive power reference qref QrefFor set-point, control the final active power of battery simulator to export and make it equal to battery mould
Intend device active power reference value Pref, transmit reactive power and make it equal to battery simulator reactive power reference qref Qref;Exist simultaneously
State-of-charge SOC is updated according to working condition in the course of work, dynamic is reached by described method, high-precision analog battery fills
The target of discharge power and state-of-charge SOC;Main topological structure is used as using three-phase back-to-back converter so that battery simulator was both
Can simulated battery charging process, can also simulated battery discharge process;The parameter of this battery simulator can be adjusted flexibly
And replacing.With the advantages that scientific and reasonable, cost is low, strong applicability, and effect is good.
The advantages of battery simulator of the present invention, is embodied in two aspects:When:The present invention is in existing battery mould
Intend being innovated on the basis of device, integrally regard battery and grid-connected converter as an energy-storage units, not the reality of simulated battery
DC voltage and current characteristics, only the Power Exchange of energy-storage units and power network from the point of view of power network, is simulating more energy storage
Simplifying design structure during the large-scale energy storage system of unit parallel connection reduces cost;Second,:Simple in construction, user of the invention
Just, practicality is good, use range is wide, and the parameter of simulator can be adjusted flexibly and change, and can simulate multiple battery.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the battery simulator double-closed-loop control flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 all-vanadium flow battery equivalent-circuit model figures;
Fig. 4 is the Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter topological diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of reference picture 1, power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method, comprises the following steps:
(1) original state and parameter of battery simulator, including battery types, battery charging and discharging pattern, charged shape are set
State SOC, battery capacity C, battery health degree SOH and multiplying power;
(2) original operating state and parameter setting battery simulator active power reference value set according to battery simulator
Pref;
(3) with battery simulator active power reference value Pref, battery simulator reactive power reference qref QrefFor set-point,
Battery simulator active power of output P, battery simulator output reactive power Q are that feedback quantity carries out Dual-loop feedback control to simulator
Control;
(4) sinusoidal pulse width modulation ripple SPWM is produced as modulated signal using the output of Dual-loop feedback control control, using just
String pulse width modulated wave SPWM control simulators make battery simulator active power of output P be equal to battery simulator active power reference
Value Pref, battery simulator output reactive power Q is equal to battery simulator reactive power reference qref Qref;
(5) the current output DC voltage U of battery simulator DC side is measureddcWith output DC current Idc, according to output
DC current Idc, output DC voltage Udc, battery capacity C and a upper simulation cycle SOC update current SOC;
(6) according to current SOC, corresponding actual battery parameter corresponding relation, current DC side virtual voltage U ', direct current are obtained
Side virtual current I ';
(7) repeat step (2)~(6) are terminated until simulating.
Reference picture 2 and Fig. 4, described battery simulator include:The driving input of Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter 4 according to
Secondary connection IGBT drive circuit 1, control circuit 2 and measuring circuit 3;Three exchange interfaces of Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter 4 are made
For whole battery simulator and the interface of power network, the active power and reactive power exchange between battery simulator and power network are realized
Control;The DC output end of Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter is sequentially connected DC bus capacitor Cdc, Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter,
DC bus capacitor CdcIt is connected between Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter and Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter and provides voltage for current transformer
Support and reduce DC side harmonics, Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter direct current side joint DC bus capacitor Cdc, exchange side joint three phase network
Realize the function of ac-dc conversion, reactor L1、L2For filtering out current harmonics, current transformer series connection and the loss of circuit are with equivalent
Resistance R1、R2Represent.
In step (2), corresponding given active power of output calculation is used for different types of battery.With complete
Exemplified by vanadium flow battery, when battery is operated in invariable power charge and discharge mode, battery simulator active power reference value PrefFor electricity
The constant charge-discharge electric power in pond;When battery is operated in constant current charge-discharge pattern, battery simulator active power reference value Pref
For
Pref=Udcref×Idcref
In formula, IdcrefElectric current when being worked for battery constant current, UdcrefVoltage when being worked for battery constant current, under
Formula is calculated
Wherein, E0For monomer pile normal voltage;R is gas constant;T is temperature;F is Faraday constant;N is series electrical
The number of heap.
Above-mentioned computational methods are example, and this is not limited in.
In step (3), voltage close loop feedback control can use double-closed-loop control, the indirect current of outer voltage current inner loop
The methods of control, Hysteresis control, preferably double-closed-loop control.
The state-of-charge SOC more new formulas of step (5) are
Δ t is simulation cycle in formula.
Use double-closed-loop control below, and be 50 all-vanadium flow battery with constant current charge-discharge Working mould using series of connecting
Exemplified by formula, the power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method of the present invention is further described, is specially:
(1) the battery initial parameter of all-vanadium flow battery is set:State-of-charge SOC initial value can be 0.2~0.8 it
Between some numerical value, this example is set to 0.5;Battery capacity C can any value, this example battery capacity C is set to 10kWh, electricity
Pond discharge and recharge constant current can any value, this example battery constant current work when electric current IdcrefIt is set to 20A.
(2) the current input AC electric current I of battery simulator is gathereda、Ib、IcWith input ac voltage Ua、Ub、Uc, according to electricity
Electric current I during the constant current work of ponddcrefThe voltage U during work of battery constant current is calculated with SOCdcrefThat is battery simulator direct current
Side virtual voltage U ', voltage U when being worked further according to battery constant currentdcrefElectric current I when being worked with battery constant currentdcrefMeter
Calculate battery simulator active power reference value Pref, to input AC electric current Ia、Ib、IcMake dq decoupling changes and get d shaft currents i in returnd
With q shaft currents iq, to input ac voltage Ua、Ub、UcMake dq decoupling changes and get d shaft voltages U in returndWith q shaft voltages Uq。
Wherein, step (2) can calculate the voltage during work of battery constant current using look-up table, polygometry or modelling
Udcref.External characteristics is stored in by look-up table on the basis of substantial amounts of cell prototype external characteristics data are obtained by form
In controller, electric current I during work by tabling look-up, when the method for interpolation obtains certain battery constant current workdcrefUnder SOC
Battery constant current work when voltage Udcref.Polygometry is gone to be fitted the non-linear external characteristics letter of battery with the method for segmented linear
Number, electric current I when being worked at work according to battery constant currentdcrefBattery perseverance is calculated with SOC and place line interval
Voltage U during current workdcref.Modelling is to establish the equivalent high precision mathematical model of battery, and obtains the external characteristics of battery
Equation expression formula, and voltage U when this expression formula is worked as battery constant currentdcrefCalculation formula.Below with modelling
Exemplified by describe in detail:
Reference picture 3, it is all-vanadium flow battery equivalent-circuit model, the battery pile voltage U that will be influenceed by SOCstackIt is equivalent
For a controlled voltage source;The numerical values recited and battery pile electric current I of pump lossstackAnd SOC is related, with a controlled current source
Represent;Inside battery can produce energy loss, loss R when battery worksreac, RresRepresent, the electrode capacitance C of batteryelec
Represent.Understood according to the modeling of all-vanadium flow battery equivalent-circuit model, battery pile voltage UstackHave directly with state-of-charge SOC
Relation:
In formula:
E0It is 1.225V for monomer VRB normal voltages;
R is gas constant (8.314J/K*mol);
T is temperature 298K (25 DEG C);
F is Faraday constant (96500C/mol);
N is series connection VRB number.
The power external characteristics equation of battery simulator is:
Pref=Udc×Idc,
The active power of battery is the desired value of simulation, therefore the active power equation of battery can be set into battery simulator
Active power reference value PrefCalculation formula.
(3) with battery simulator active power reference value Pref, battery simulator reactive power reference qref QrefFor set-point,
Battery simulator active power of output P, battery simulator output reactive power Q are that feedback quantity carries out outer voltage feedback control,
Export d shaft current command values id *, separately by q shaft current command values iq *It is arranged to 0;
The effect of outer voltage is to control VSC VD is stable to keep output DC voltage UdcIt is constant.Output
DC voltage UdcSubtract each other to obtain deviation voltage Δ U=U with virtual voltage Udc- U, deviation voltage Δ U are sent into outer voltage PI controls
Device, output d shaft current command values id *.Wherein, q shaft currents command value iq *For the reactive component of electric current, simulated to make full use of
The capacity of device and reduction could be arranged to 0, i.e. simulator is operated in unity power factor shape here to the harmonic wave interference of power network
State.
(4) with d shaft current command values id *With q shaft current command values iq *For set-point, d shaft currents idWith q shaft currents iqFor
Feedback quantity carries out current inner loop feedback control, output current inner ring d axis components IdWith output current inner ring q axis components Iq;
The effect of current inner loop be by outer voltage output current-order carry out current control, such as realize unit power because
Number sine-wave current control.D shaft current command values id *With d shaft currents idSubtract each other to obtain offset currentDeviation electricity
Flow Δ idIt is sent into current inner loop PI controllers, output current inner ring d axis components Id.Q shaft current command values iq *With q shaft currents iqPhase
Subtract to obtain offset currentOffset current Δ iqIt is sent into current inner loop PI controllers, output current inner ring q axles point
Measure Iq。
(5) d shaft voltages Ud, q shaft voltages Uq, output current inner ring d axis components IdWith output current inner ring q axis components IqThrough
D axle modulation voltages m is obtained after crossing feed forward decoupling controldWith q axle modulation voltages mq;
Feed forward decoupling control can realize the uneoupled control of active power and reactive power, and control method is as follows:
md=-Ed+ωLIq
mq=-Eq+ωLId
In formula, ω is angular frequency, is that mains frequency 50Hz, L are reactor reactance value equal to 2 π f, f.
(6) d axle modulation voltages m is useddWith q axle modulation voltages mqSinusoidal pulse width modulation ripple SPWM is produced as modulated signal,
To control opening and turning off for VSC IGBT, the purpose is to control battery simulator active power of output P to make it equal to battery mould
Intend device active power reference value Pref, so as to realize the simulation to battery external characteristics.
(7) according to output DC current Idc, output DC voltage Udc, battery capacity C and a upper simulation cycle SOC
Current SOC is updated, and constantly repeats (2)~(7) until simulation terminates.
The more new formula of state-of-charge SOC in step (7) is:
Δ t is simulation cycle in formula, and limits SOC scope as 0~1. due to exporting DC current IdcIt is continuous with SOC
Change, then corresponding battery simulator active power reference value PrefAlso can constantly change, under this analog form, battery simulation
Device active power of output P also can be with battery simulator active power reference value PrefChange and change, realize to special outside battery
The dynamic analog of property.
Above-mentioned embodiment is by taking all-vanadium flow battery as an example, simulates other species batteries if desired, then only needs weight
New modeling, then changing simulator parameter can continue to test.In addition, it is other in the case of different batteries
Operation principle is consistent with example with implementation method.
The embodiment of embodiment description is not exhaustive, does not limit to the present embodiment, those skilled in the art are according to this
Any obvious change that the enlightenment of invention is done, belong to the scope of rights protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
(1) original state and parameter of battery simulator, including battery types, battery charging and discharging pattern, state-of-charge are set
SOC, battery capacity C, battery health degree SOH and multiplying power;
(2) original operating state and parameter setting battery simulator active power reference value P set according to battery simulatorref;
(3) with battery simulator active power reference value Pref, battery simulator reactive power reference qref QrefFor set-point, battery
Simulator active power of output P, battery simulator output reactive power Q are that feedback quantity carries out Dual-loop feedback control control to simulator
System;
(4) sinusoidal pulse width modulation ripple SPWM is produced as modulated signal using the output of Dual-loop feedback control control, utilizes positive taut pulse
Wide modulating wave SPWM controls simulator makes battery simulator active power of output P be equal to battery simulator active power reference value
Pref, battery simulator output reactive power Q is equal to battery simulator reactive power reference qref Qref;
(5) the current output DC voltage U of battery simulator DC side is measureddcWith output DC current Idc, according to output direct current
Electric current Idc, output DC voltage Udc, battery capacity C and a upper simulation cycle SOC update current SOC;
(6) according to current SOC, corresponding actual battery parameter corresponding relation, it is empty that current DC side virtual voltage U ', DC side are obtained
Intend electric current I ';
(7) repeat step (2)~(6) are terminated until simulating.
2. a kind of power electronics universal battery simulated behavior method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electricity
Pond simulator includes:The driving input of Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter is sequentially connected IGBT drive circuit, control circuit and survey
Measure circuit;Three exchange interfaces of Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter realize electricity as whole battery simulator and the interface of power network
Active power and reactive power exchange control between pond simulator and power network;The direct current output of Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter
End is sequentially connected DC bus capacitor Cdc, Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter, DC bus capacitor CdcIt is connected on three-phase voltage type PWM unsteady flows
Voltage support is provided for current transformer and reduce DC side harmonics between device and Three-Phase Voltage PWM Converter, three-phase voltage type PWM
Current transformer direct current side joint DC bus capacitor Cdc, exchange the function that side joint three phase network realizes ac-dc conversion, reactor L1、L2With
In the loss equivalent resistance R for filtering out current harmonics, current transformer series connection and circuit1、R2Represent.
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