CN107365735A - A kind of preparation method of mycotic spore product - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of mycotic spore product Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107365735A
CN107365735A CN201710765086.0A CN201710765086A CN107365735A CN 107365735 A CN107365735 A CN 107365735A CN 201710765086 A CN201710765086 A CN 201710765086A CN 107365735 A CN107365735 A CN 107365735A
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China
Prior art keywords
spore
preparation
mould
product
mycotic
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CN201710765086.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邓小华
李震宇
郑巧双
罗茜
余薇
高奋
刘婷
潘笃杰
付晓超
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Wuhan Industrial Control Industrial Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Wuhan Industrial Control Industrial Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710765086.0A priority Critical patent/CN107365735A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N3/00Spore forming or isolating processes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of mycotic spore product, comprise the following steps:Mould is seeded on the solid medium containing millet and wheat bran;After the solid culture primary surface covers with the mould, the spore of the mould is eluted from the solid medium with elution solution, obtains spore eluent;The spore eluent is filtered, centrifuge washing, obtains spore sediment, the spore sediment is then processed into the mycotic spore product.By the use of wheat bran+millet as culture medium, not only sporulation quantity has increased significantly, and shortens spore maturation time.In addition, conidia powder product greatly extends relative to traditional spore suspension product, its storage life, spore suspension concentration does not change substantially after redissolution.Storage transport is carried out with the product form of conidia powder, it is more convenient, it can effectively avoid preserving spilling Lou etc. for spore suspension when transporting.

Description

A kind of preparation method of mycotic spore product
Technical field
The present invention relates to mycotic spore culture field, more specifically it relates to a kind of preparation method of mycotic spore product.
Background technology
Mould is a kind of microorganism widely distributed in nature, is easily grown in the high environment of high humidity, temperature.When Mould can not only influence its outward appearance, can more cause phase in the surface raised growth such as military hardware, paint film, packaging, electronic equipment Equipment fault is closed, influences the normal work of equipment.Therefore, take much count of preventing the various research works of fungus growth always both at home and abroad Make.And mould test is then the effective means for examining Related product and the mould proof ability of material.Also phase has successively been formulated in countries in the world The mould test standard of pass, the preparation method that the culture and mycotic spore suspension of related mould are directed in standard.
In the domestic standard on mould proof experiment, carry out the culture of mould using traditional PDA culture medium mostly, activation and Incubation is time-consuming longer, and spore production rate is low.The preparation technology very complicated of spore suspension simultaneously, spore elution are wasted time and energy, Efficiency is difficult to improve.
In addition, the preservation time requirement for spore suspension is no more than 14d, storage life is relatively short.Go out on the market at present The related spore suspension product sold, the problems such as preservation time is short, vigor easily lowers, performance is uncontrollable, storage transport is inconvenient be present, Great inconvenience is brought to actual production.
The content of the invention
To solve problem above, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of mycotic spore product, comprise the following steps:
S1:Mould is seeded on the solid medium containing millet and wheat bran;
S2:After the solid culture primary surface covers with the mould, washed with elution solution from the solid medium The spore of the mould is taken off, obtains spore eluent;
S3:The spore eluent is filtered, centrifuge washing, obtains spore sediment, then the spore is sunk Starch is processed into the mycotic spore product.
By the use of wheat bran+millet as culture medium, to replace traditional PDA solid mediums to carry out the culture of mould, not only produce Spore amount has increased significantly, and shortens spore maturation time, greatly improves operating efficiency.Traditional PDA consolidates , it is necessary to manually scrape the spore of media surface into sterilized water after body culture medium progress mycotic culture, this process is time-consuming to take Power, greatly reduce operating efficiency.And with wheat bran+millet (1:1) after carrying out mycotic culture as culture medium, need to only add thereto The concussion filtration of next step can directly be carried out by entering sterilized water, and operating efficiency is greatly improved.
In a preferred embodiment, solid medium described in S1 is prepared to obtain by the following method:By 50 weight Part millet, the wheat bran of 50 parts by weight, the distilled water of the glucose of 2 parts by weight and 80 parts by weight mix, high-temperature sterilization 15min。
In a preferred embodiment, in S1, the mould is positioned in triangular flask and cultivated at 28 DEG C.Triangular flask culture Mode, easy to operate, easily elution.
In one embodiment, in S2, the elution solution contains the aqueous solution of 0.01% Tween 80.Select Tween 80 Eluent of the aseptic aqueous solution that concentration is 0.01% as mycotic spore suspension, it is more beneficial for spore elution and counts.
In one embodiment, S2 comprises the following steps:Impregnated with the elution solution on the solid medium Mould, 180-220r/min concussion 30min, the elution solution after collection processing, that is, obtains the spore eluent.
In a preferred embodiment, in S1, the mould is positioned in triangular flask and cultivated at 28 DEG C.Triangular flask culture Mode, it is easy to operate, it is described to be filtered through with 8 layers of gauze (21 in S3s*21s/ 30*28) carry out.Filtered through gauze operation side Just, it is easy to be recycled, and it is adapted to the production in enormous quantities of spore suspension.
In a preferred embodiment, in S3, the centrifugal rotational speed during centrifuge washing is 5000-8500rpm, washing Number is 3-5 times.When centrifugal speed is between 5000-8500rpm, centrifugal effect is relatively good, but ought improve centrifugal speed again, When centrifugal speed is 12000rpm, centrifugal effect declines on the contrary.
In one embodiment, the spore product is spore suspension, by the way that the spore sediment is resuspended to nothing In bacterium water, regulation spore concentration is 106-107Cfu/mL is obtained.
In a preferred embodiment, the spore product is conidia powder, by the way that the spore drying precipitate is obtained Arrive.For conidia powder product relative to traditional spore suspension product, its storage life has great extension, traditional spore suspension requirement Storage life is no more than 14d, and its storage life of this conidia powder product can at least extend to 180d, and spore suspension concentration does not have substantially after redissolution Change.Storage transport is carried out with the product form of conidia powder, it is more convenient, it can effectively avoid preserving spore suspension when transporting Spill Lou etc..
In a preferred embodiment, the spore sediment is dried under reduced pressure under the conditions of 35 DEG C, -0.09MPa.35℃ Drying time is greatly reduced in lower drying, but little to the effect of vigor of spore.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the statistical chart of different culture media culture mould sporulation quantity;
Fig. 2 compares for different elution solution efficacies;
Fig. 3 is that the effect of different drying temperatures compares;
Fig. 4 is that the effect of different drying modes compares.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with example, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
1. the selection of training method
By aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus versicolor, paecilomyces varioti, short handle broom be mould, penicillium funiculosum, green ochre are blue or green Ten plants of moulds such as mould, ball hair shell, Trichoderma viride, be inoculated in respectively potato agar plate, potato slope, potato agar eggplant bottle, Wheat bran tiling flat board, wheat bran tiling triangular flask culture, 28 DEG C of cultures.Growing state and the speed of growth are observed, contrast spore is ripe When sporulation quantity, and carry out elution separation complexity, optimal training method is selected with this.
The speed of growth of mould is as shown in table 1.
Growing state of the 1 each bacterial strain of table in different culture media
(note:+ representing that the speed of growth is slow, spore amount is few after maturation;++ representing the speed of growth, typically, after maturation spore amount is few; +++ represent that the speed of growth is very fast, spore is more after maturation;The speed of growth is fast for ++++represent, it is more to produce spore amount after ripe.)
As can be seen from Table 1, the flat board of bran mass and triangular flask culture can mushroom out each bacterial strain, and into Production spore amount is more after ripe.However, flat board culture is easier to drying, and easily pollution;The culture speed on the gentle inclined-plane of eggplant is slightly slow, few The production spore amounts such as number bacterial strain such as Trichoderma virides, short handle broom are mould are less.From the point of view of elution, wheat bran triangular flask and flat board can be washed quickly It is de-.It is easy to operate using wheat bran triangular flask culture mould, easily elution, therefore training method selection wheat bran triangular flask tile mode.
2. the selection of culture medium
5 kinds of moulds such as aspergillus niger, green ochre mould, paecilomyces varioti, Aspergillus terreus and Trichoderma viride are inoculated in into PDA respectively to consolidate Body slant medium, pure bran mass, pure millet culture medium, wheat bran+millet (1:1) in culture medium, 28 DEG C of cultures, observe mould Bacteria growing situation and the speed of growth, spore maturation time is contrasted, carry out elution separation after 30 DEG C of vacuum dryings and weigh to obtain Conidia powder, contrast conidia powder weight.As a result show, wheat bran+millet (1:1) maturation time of mould steamed stuffed bun is not only shortened, and And be that spore output greatly improves (Fig. 1), greatly improve operating efficiency.Traditional PDA solid mediums carry out mycotic culture Well, it is necessary to which the spore of media surface is scraped into sterilized water, take time and effort.And wheat bran+millet (1:1) culture medium carries out mould After culture, only need to add sterilized water thereto can directly carry out the concussion filtration of next step, and operating efficiency has obtained very Big raising.
3. mycotic spore elutes the selection of solution
Using aspergillus niger as research object, the aspergillus niger cultivated on same flat board is selected, is punched with diameter 10mm card punch 30,10 are put into each triangular flask, are separately added into the Tween 80 sterilized water that concentration is 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.015% In solution, spore concentration is detected after concussion elution.Shown in result figure 2,0.01% Tween 80 aseptic aqueous solution, spore is more beneficial for Son elution and counting.
4. the selection of mycotic spore suspension filtering technique
Using aspergillus niger as research object, will elute concussion after spore suspension, respectively with filter paper, 1 layer of glass fibre, Half storey glass fibre, absorbent cotton, 8 layers of filtered through gauze, obtain initial spore suspension.Filtrate sterilized water after filtering is entered into punching Wash, obtain flushing liquor.Spore suspension after filtering is centrifuged respectively, 5000r/min, 30min, discards supernatant, is being filtered Sterilized water is added in slag, again suspended centrifugal, so repeated, until filtrate becomes clear.Sunk with the spore of 5mL sterilized waters dilution centrifugation Starch, spore re-suspension liquid is obtained after fully shaking is well mixed.With counting method of blood cell to initial spore suspension, flushing liquor and spore Re-suspension liquid spore quantity is counted.As a result it is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Found by the observation to filter process:After filter paper filters, filtrate is clarified substantially, and mycotic spore is difficult to through filter Paper, therefore filter paper is not suitable as filtrate;Layer of glass cotton water imbibition is too strong, and the spore of the absorption in filtrate is not yet Easily elution, therefore layer of glass cotton is also not suitable for as filtering filtrate.Half storey microglass fiber, 8 layers of gauze, absorbent cotton are made For filtrate, filtering is more unobstructed, further compares its filter effect.By the statistical result showed of table 1, absorbent cotton flushing liquor miospore Quantity illustrates that absorbent cotton has very strong adsorptivity to mycotic spore apparently higher than other two kinds of filtrates.To the resuspension after centrifugation Liquid carries out microscopy observation, and absorbent cotton re-suspension liquid is substantially without mycelia, and gauze and half storey glass fibre cotton have a small amount of mycelia fragment, Illustrate that absorbent cotton has good removal effect to mycelia.Compare initial spore suspension miospore concentration, half storey glass fibre cotton Concentration highest, absorbent cotton concentration are minimum.Therefore by the use of absorbent cotton as filtrate, although it has good removal effect to mycelia, But the spore suspension for obtaining high concentration need to be rinsed repeatedly to filtrate, and than relatively time-consuming, material can not recycle, do not apply to Produce in enormous quantities in spore suspension;And half storey glass fibre cotton cuts inconvenience, and it is not easy to rinse during recycling;Filtered through gauze is grasped Facilitate, it is easy to be recycled, and it is adapted to the production in enormous quantities of spore suspension, therefore use 8 layers of gauze (21s*21s/ 30*28) carry out Filtering.
5. the selection of mycotic spore suspension centrifuging process
Using aspergillus niger as research object, by the aspergillus niger spore suspension after filtering, respectively with 5000rpm, 8000rpm, 12000rpm rotating speeds are centrifuged, and supernatant is removed after centrifugation, and are suspended again with same volume sterilized water, are operated repeatedly, carry out microscopy observation Whether mycelia residual is had, and centrifugation without mycelia until remained, and untill supernatant is in limpid, record centrifugation number is simultaneously carried out to re-suspension liquid Blood count counts.As a result it is as shown in table 3.The spore sediment of gained can be redissolved with appropriate amounts of sterilized water and adjust spore concentration For 106~107Cfu/mL, spore suspension is obtained, can also dry and be prepared into conidia powder.
The effect of 3 different centrifugal speeds of table compares
As can be seen from Table 3, when centrifugal speed is between 5000-8500rpm, centrifugal effect is relatively good, but ought carry again High centrifugal speed, when centrifugal speed is 12000rpm, centrifugal effect declines on the contrary.
6. the preparation of conidia powder
The selection of 6.1 drying temperatures
Using aspergillus niger spore as experimental subjects, finite concentration spore suspension is respectively charged into cillin bottle, loading amount volume is 0.1mL, by cillin bottle be respectively placed in 20 DEG C, 35 DEG C, dry in 50 DEG C of environment, every group of three Duplicate Samples are carried out simultaneously, record Dry required time, influence of each drying temperature to mycotic spore viable bacteria concentration.As a result as shown in figure 3, the higher dry speed of temperature Degree is faster, but spore is carried out under 50 DEG C of environment to dry for a long time, can reduce its spore viable count.Therefore, 35 DEG C are selected as most Good drying temperature.
The selection of 6.2 drying modes
Aspergillus niger spore suspension is experimental subjects, and finite concentration spore suspension is fitted into cillin bottle, loading amount volume difference For 0.1mL, 0.05mL, be respectively placed under 35 DEG C of environment and carry out normal pressure and be dried under reduced pressure, record the time required to drying, it is dry before Afterwards to the influence of mycotic spore viable bacteria.
As a result as shown in figure 4, dress liquid depth has certain influence on drying time, therefore, wide-mouth tile mode is selected as far as possible It is dried;Contrast two kinds of drying modes of normal pressure and decompression, the results showed that, it is good to be dried under reduced pressure effect, and speed is fast, spore survival rate Height, it is optimal drying mode.
The storage life checking of 6.3 conidia powders
8 kinds of mycotic spore suspensions and conidia powder are prepared by above method, preserved at mutually synthermal 4 DEG C.Conidia powder is protected Equal appropriate amounts of sterilized water is separately added into before and after depositing to redissolve, and determines its spore concentration.Mycotic spore suspension is equally determined before and after preservation Spore concentration, compare influence of two kinds of preserving types to spore concentration, as a result as shown in table 4.After spore suspension preserves 30d, Spore concentration declines an order of magnitude.And after conidia powder preserves 180d, spore concentration does not change still.As can be seen here, with The form preservation of conidia powder, it can greatly extend its storage life.
Influence of the storage time of table 4 to spore count living
The mould of 6.4 conidia powders and spore suspension tests effect and vigour
Under same experimental conditions, according to standard《GJB150.10A-2009》, with the mycotic spore of the same concentrations of new production Suspension carries out vigor test with conidia powder product and tested with mould.As a result show, the mould test effect and vigor of conidia powder (table 4) and mycotic spore suspension effect indifference.
The spore suspension of table 5 and conidia powder product vigor test result
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of mycotic spore product, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1:Mould is seeded on the solid medium containing millet and wheat bran;
S2:After the solid culture primary surface covers with the mould, institute is eluted from the solid medium with elution solution The spore of mould is stated, obtains spore eluent;
S3:The spore eluent is filtered, centrifuge washing, obtains spore sediment, then by the spore sediment It is processed into the mycotic spore product.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that solid medium is matched somebody with somebody by the following method described in S1 It is made:The distilled water of the millet of 50 parts by weight, the wheat bran of 50 parts by weight, the glucose of 2 parts by weight and 80 parts by weight is mixed It is even, high-temperature sterilization 15mi n.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S1, the mould is positioned in triangular flask 28 DEG C Lower culture.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S2, the elution solution contains 0.01% tween 80 aqueous solution.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that S2 comprises the following steps:Soaked with the elution solution Mould described in stain on solid medium, 180-220r/mi n concussion 30mi n, the elution solution after collection processing, that is, obtains The spore eluent.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to be filtered through with 8 layers of gauze to enter in S3 OK.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in S3, the centrifugal rotational speed during centrifuge washing is 5000-8500rpm, washing times are 3-5 times.
8. according to the preparation method any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that the spore product hangs for spore Liquid, by the way that the spore sediment is resuspended into sterilized water, regulation spore concentration is 106-107Cfu/mL is obtained.
9. according to the preparation method any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that the spore product is conidia powder, By the way that the spore drying precipitate is obtained.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the spore sediment is in 35 DEG C, -0.09MPa bars It is dried under reduced pressure under part.
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Cited By (3)

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CN108148767A (en) * 2018-03-01 2018-06-12 江苏国信协联能源有限公司 A kind of preparation method of aspergillus niger introduces a collection spore microbial inoculum
CN110551674A (en) * 2019-09-10 2019-12-10 中国农业大学 Inoculation and propagation method of maize puccinia polycarya
CN111793594A (en) * 2020-08-05 2020-10-20 江苏食品药品职业技术学院 Preparation method of aspergillus conidium suspension

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CN110551674A (en) * 2019-09-10 2019-12-10 中国农业大学 Inoculation and propagation method of maize puccinia polycarya
CN110551674B (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-07-06 中国农业大学 Inoculation and propagation method of maize puccinia polycarya
CN111793594A (en) * 2020-08-05 2020-10-20 江苏食品药品职业技术学院 Preparation method of aspergillus conidium suspension
CN111793594B (en) * 2020-08-05 2023-05-26 江苏食品药品职业技术学院 Preparation method of aspergillus conidium suspension

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