CN107359497A - A kind of method of dispersion management and chirp compensation based on micro-nano fiber - Google Patents
A kind of method of dispersion management and chirp compensation based on micro-nano fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN107359497A CN107359497A CN201710552077.3A CN201710552077A CN107359497A CN 107359497 A CN107359497 A CN 107359497A CN 201710552077 A CN201710552077 A CN 201710552077A CN 107359497 A CN107359497 A CN 107359497A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06725—Fibre characterized by a specific dispersion, e.g. for pulse shaping in soliton lasers or for dispersion compensating [DCF]
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation.This method comprises the following steps：A piece micro-nano fiber with appropriate dispersion characteristics is provided；The micro-nano fiber is rightly encapsulated in the box with certain sealing and mechanical strength；By packaged micro-nano fiber welding in the required position of optic fibre light path.Dispersion management and chirp compensation method proposed by the present invention make use of the characteristics of micro-nano fiber unique dispersion characteristics and extremely low transmission loss, and the advantages of be easy to ordinary optic fibre welding.This method and currently used optical fiber technology are completely compatible, in the dispersion of interior regulating system in a big way, can reach the purpose of dispersion management and chirp compensation.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be based on micro-nano fiber the invention belongs to the dispersion compensation technology field of ultrafast laser technique and light
Dispersion management and chirp compensation method and with femto-second laser preparation method.
Background technology
Optical fiber femtosecond laser have low cost, compact-sized, simple to operate, good beam quality, stability it is high, to environment
It is required that the advantages of low many prominent, many such as picture, accurate measurement, large scale equipment synchronization are studied in material processing, biomedicine
Important field is all widely used.The workspace of laser can be changed by the total dispersion adjusted in laserresonator
Domain, produces the different femtosecond pulse of performance, such as sech type orphan's type pulses in negative dispersion region, the Gaussian near zero dispersion
Stretched pulse, and spectrum is approximately the pulse of rectangle during Totally positive dispersion.Except time domain waveform and spectral shape, laser resonant cavity
Total dispersion to the maximum single pulse energy and noiseproof feature of laser all important influence, this is synchronous to large scale equipment,
The application scenarios such as accurate measurement are very important.
For communication band, general single mode fiber is negative dispersion, and Er-doped fiber can be positive dispersion, dispersion management and Zhou
Compensation of singing is very convenient.But for 1 micron waveband, single-mode fiber and the gain fibre for mixing Yb are positive dispersion fiber, and for 2
Micron waveband, single-mode fiber and Tm doping or Tm:Ho co-doped fibers, it is negative dispersion optical fiber, it is difficult to by the length for changing optical fiber
Spend to realize the regulation of dispersion from positive to negative.
At present, in Yb-doped fiber mode-locked laser and Tm doping or Tm:In Ho co-doped fiber mode-locked lasers, conventional color
Scattered adjusting method has：
(1) prism/prism pair：Typically with prism/prism to negative 2nd order chromatic dispersion can be provided, this titanium in free space
It is very universal in precious stone laser；
(2) grating/grating pair：Grating has very strong dispersion, can use grating/grating pair in free space or fiber waveguide
To provide very big positive dispersion or negative dispersion；
(3) chirped mirror：The multilayer film of particular design is coated with planar mirror surface, the compensation of dispersion can also be realized.
(4) Gires-Tournois interferometers:Using the reflection characteristic of interferometer, interferometer can be adjusted by changing incidence angle
Dispersion.
This several method in addition to chirped fiber grating, other methods all by free space light path implement, this with
Fibre system is incompatible, and it is not convenient enough that regulation is got up, and reduces the original mechanical stability of fibre system；
(5) optical fiber of special construction：It is such as hollow/real it can also be seen that there is the optical fiber structure using particular design in document
The optical fiber of the photonic crystal fiber of core structure, large-numerical aperture optical fiber etc. special construction compensates dispersion.But it is general these
The tail optical fiber of optical fiber and optical fibre device is incompatible, and mould field matching is poor, often there is special requirement, and splice loss, splice attenuation to fusion techniques
It is higher；
(6) higher order mode of less fundamental mode optical fibre is utilized：Pattern in ordinary optic fibre passes through the long period optical fiber in ordinary optic fibre
Grating may be coupled to the higher order mode in less fundamental mode optical fibre, and all optical fibre structure can be realized using the propagation characteristic of higher order mode
Dispersion compensation.But the method needs extra LPFG, the complexity of system is added.
Because the above method respectively has shortcoming, from the point of view of practicality, it is necessary to provide it is a kind of simply, stably, conveniently, can
Lean on, the completely compatible technology with existing fiber system, to realize in optical fiber femtosecond laser resonator outside dispersion management and chamber
The method of chirp compensation.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dispersion based on micro-nano fiber
Management and the method for chirp compensation, the micro-nano fiber formed is drawn by ordinary optic fibre has unique dispersion characteristics, in diameter not
Meanwhile it can produce stronger positive dispersion or negative dispersion in required wave band, so as to realize the mesh of dispersion adjustment and chirp compensation
's；Manufacture craft of the present invention is simple, and required optical fiber and existing fiber system are completely compatible, and insertion loss is very low, splice loss, splice attenuation
It is negligible, with the difference of design parameter, can be carried in the dispersion required for required wave band provides, such as 1 micron waveband
For larger negative dispersion, or 2 micron wavebands provide larger positive dispersion, this dispersion adjustment to ultrafast optical fiber laser intracavitary,
And the pulse compression outside chamber has very big practical value.Specifically, the present invention utilizes specific preparation method, such as melting to draw
Cone method, the micro-nano fiber of certain design parameter is obtained, it can realize extremely low by tail optical fiber with ordinary optic fibre or gain fibre
The welding of loss.By drawing the micro-nano fiber of different-diameter and length, can be carried in interior adjustment micro-nano fiber in a big way
The dispersion of confession.This micro-nano fiber is used in ultrafast laser resonator, can adjust the workspace of ultrafast laser mode-lock status
(including the orphan area of negative dispersion, the stretched pulse area of nearly zero dispersion, and positive dispersion area).Output end outside for laser chamber,
Chirp can be compensated, realizes compression or the broadening of ultrashort pulse.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of method of dispersion management and chirp compensation based on micro-nano fiber, the diameter and length of design micro-nano fiber
Degree, micro-nano fiber is made, and it is packaged, needing the part of dispersion management by micro-nano fiber and optical fiber and optical fibre device
Tail optical fiber welding, realize dispersion management and chirp compensation.
This method specifically includes following steps：
(1) design：By the method for numerical computations, the geometric parameter of micro-nano fiber, micro-nano fiber needed for acquisition are designed
Length and diameter.
Specifically, a kind of typical design method is as follows：By FInite Element, (such as Comsol Multiphysics are soft
Part) or other optical waveguide mode computational methods, the 2nd order chromatic dispersion curve of different-diameter micro-nano fiber is obtained, as shown in Figure 1.Choosing
The diameter range that there is positive dispersion or negative dispersion in specific band is taken, obtains 2nd order chromatic dispersion value substantially.According to this second order color
Value and the total dispersion amount of required compensation are dissipated, the length of required micro-nano fiber is calculated.Such as in Fig. 1,1.06 micron waves
Section, when micro-nano fiber is a diameter of 1 to 2 microns, 2nd order chromatic dispersion value is in -150ps2/ km to -50ps2In the range of/km.Micro-nano can be chosen
A diameter of 1.5 microns of optical fiber, 2nd order chromatic dispersion value is -140ps2/km.The total dispersion amount of required compensation is 0.02ps2It is (corresponding 1 meter
The total dispersion amount of long HI1060 optical fiber), then the micro-nano fiber length about 15cm of required 1.5 micron diameter.
(2) cone is drawn：Optical fiber surface coat is removed, and optical fiber both ends are fixed on fixture.Using high temperature heat source plus
The exposed fiber area of heat, and optical fiber is stretched to both ends.In drawing process, high temperature heat source moves back and forth, and increases heating region.
Optical fiber after stretching by draw cone transition region and micro-nano fiber district's groups into；Then micro-nano is detected using certain dispersion measurement device
Whether the 2nd order chromatic dispersion of optical fiber reaches design requirement.
Wherein, optical fiber is general single mode or multimode fibre.High temperature heat source is butane or iso-butane-oxygen flame, hydrogen-oxygen
Flame, CO2Laser, high-voltage arc, or refractory ceramics heater, temperature is at 400 DEG C -1000 DEG C.
(3) encapsulate：The micro-nano fiber prepared is rightly encapsulated in the box of particular design.In encapsulation process,
Micro-nano fiber need to be ensured and draw cone transition region all within box.Box should have certain air-tightness and anti-gray function, and
Ensure the mechanical strength of micro-nano fiber dispersion compensation device.
(4) access：The packaged micro-nano fiber obtained by above-mentioned steps is linked into desired position.Using conventional
Fused fiber splice equipment, and conventional optical fiber fusion welding technology, you can realize that micro-nano fiber is low-loss in fibre system and connect
Enter.
In the present invention, micro-nano fiber is made up of the micro-nano fiber of one or more snippets homogeneous diameter, or, by one or more snippets
The micro-nano fiber of gradual change diameter is formed.
The diameter of micro-nano fiber is in the range of 500nm to 10 μm, and length is in the range of 1cm to 10m.Micro-nano fiber leads to
Crossing gradual change draws cone realization to be connected with the uninterrupted of general single mode fiber.
The present invention can prepare the technological parameter of micro-nano fiber by adjustment, to obtain the micro-nano fiber of different dispersion characteristics,
Change the dispersion values that micro-nano fiber provides；By the length for adjusting the ordinary optic fibre being connected with micro-nano fiber or optical fibre device tail optical fiber
Degree, to adjust the total dispersion value of micro-nano fiber and ordinary optic fibre.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention draws cone using ordinary optic fibre, without using special optical fiber.Technology is bored by the drawing of ordinary optic fibre, just
The micro-nano fiber with chromatic dispersion compensating function can be obtained.
2nd, micro-nano fiber of the present invention can uninterruptedly be connected after drawing cone to terminate with the tail optical fiber of ordinary optic fibre,
It ensure that high optical delivery efficiency and splice loss, splice attenuation subsequently extremely low with ordinary optic fibre, the total insertion loss pole of device
It is low.
3rd, the micro-nano fiber of the present invention being connected with ordinary optic fibre low-loss, can be by changing when adjusting dispersion
Change prepares the technological parameter of micro-nano fiber, and the ordinary optic fibre length of adjustment institute welding to realize.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 2nd order chromatic dispersion figure of the different-diameter micro-nano fiber near 1 micron.
Fig. 2 is 2nd order chromatic dispersion figure of the different-diameter micro-nano fiber near 2 microns.
Fig. 3 is that micro-nano fiber is used to adjust showing for Yb-doped fiber femto-second laser intra-cavity dispersion in embodiments of the invention 1
It is intended to.
Fig. 4 is according to the spectrogram obtained by Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is that micro-nano fiber is used to adjust showing for Yb-doped fiber femto-second laser chamber Laser with External Dispersive in embodiments of the invention 2
It is intended to.
Fig. 6 is the interference auto-correlation mark before and after the pulse compression according to Fig. 5.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
The present invention proposes a kind of method for being used as dispersion management using micro-nano fiber, says to overview, the method comprises the steps of firstly, preparing
The micro-nano fiber of design parameter is obtained, then in desired position by the tail optical fiber of micro-nano fiber and ordinary optic fibre welding, to reach
The purpose of dispersion compensation.
The 2nd order chromatic dispersion that the diameter being calculated is respectively 1.0,1.2,1.5 and 2.0 microns of micro-nano fibers is shown in Fig. 1
Figure.Visible in the range of 1000nm to 1200nm in figure, the dispersion of the micro-nano fiber of above-mentioned diameter is always negative, its absolute value
It is approximately that (such as healthy and free from worry HI1060 optical fiber is 23ps to ordinary optic fibre2/ km) 5-10 times.Fig. 2 be shown be calculated it is straight
Footpath is respectively the 2nd order chromatic dispersion figure of 1.0,1.2,1.5 and 2.0 microns of micro-nano fibers.The visible model in 1800nm to 2000nm in figure
In enclosing, the dispersion of the micro-nano fiber of above-mentioned diameter is always positive, and its absolute value is approximately ordinary optic fibre (such as Nufern
SM1950, it is -80ps2/ km) 3-30 times.
The schematic diagram in the polarization rotation mode-locked laser resonator that micro-nano fiber access is mixed to Yb is shown in Fig. 3.Fig. 4
It is the exemplary spectrum obtained according to Fig. 3.
In above-mentioned laser, the self-starting of mode-lock status is made up of setting quarter wave plate, half-wave plate and polarization beam apparatus PBS
Artificial saturated absorbing body reach.The 2nd order chromatic dispersion value of Yb-doped fiber and optical fibre device tail optical fiber used used in laser is all
About 23ps2/km.The optical element of negative dispersion can be provided by being added in resonator, can be by the intracavitary total dispersion of laser
Regulation is to zero or so so that laser works obtain relatively good noise characteristic, output is steady in orphan area or stretched pulse area
Fixed pulse train.Above-mentioned purpose can be realized by certain diameter and the micro-nano fiber of length.
The schematic diagram of micro-nano fiber is as shown in figure 3, it draws cone and the uninterrupted phase of general single mode fiber by the optical fiber of gradual change
Even.The drawing process of micro-nano fiber ensure that micro-nano fiber and gradual change draw cone to have extremely low optical propagation loss, and ensure
The diameter and length of micro-nano fiber coincide with design load.Micro-nano fiber diameter used in Fig. 3 is about 1.6 microns, length about 10cm.
The tail optical fiber that micro-nano fiber both ends are connected with then ensure that it can use the fusion joining process of ordinary optic fibre, realization and general single mode fiber
Extremely low-loss welding, so as to while laser dispersing is adjusted, have extremely low insertion loss.Spectrum chart in Fig. 4
After the bright micro-nano fiber regulation dispersion using above-mentioned characteristic, laser may operate in stretched pulse area.
Embodiment 2
The method proposed by the present invention for being used as dispersion management using micro-nano fiber, the intracavitary except laser can be used in,
It can be also used for the chirp compensation light path outside laser chamber.This gives for this purpose principle demonstration and
Actual effect.
Fig. 5 gives light path schematic diagram when micro-nano fiber is used to mix the compensation of the outer chirp of Yb femto second optical fiber lasers chamber.
In the output light path after PBS, certain diameter and the micro-nano fiber of length are accessed, and for compensating the general single mode of chirp
Optical fiber.For being melted between the micro-nano fiber and collimater tail optical fiber of this purpose and the single-mode fiber of compensation chirp by ordinary optic fibre
The method of connecing realizes pole low loss welding.Because micro-nano fiber is in the offer positive dispersion of 1 micron waveband, and ordinary optic fibre provides negative color
Dissipate, so adjusting the length of the ordinary optic fibre for chirp compensation, you can the chirp for exporting chirped pulse is mended with fine-tuning
Repay.Interference auto-correlation in Fig. 6 shows this result.By carefully adjusting the length of the ordinary optic fibre for chirp compensation,
Output pulse with compared with high-chip can be compensated to the pulse almost without chirp, pulsewidth about 100fs.
Above-described embodiment is used to show principles and applications occasion, it should be understood that foregoing description is not to this hair
Bright protection domain is limited, and the modification that other carry out unsubstantiality to the present invention is all within the scope of the present invention.Thing
In reality, micro-nano fiber can be conveniently used with other systems, for example can be integrated in the ultrashort pulse light of all-fiber devices
It is ultrashort for being formed using saturated absorbing bodies such as CNT, graphene, semiconductor saturated absorption speculums in fibre laser
In the dispersion management of pulse laser and the chirp compensation of ultrashort pulse, it is easy to implement that optical insertion loss is small, stablize, molten
Connect conveniently, and the dispersion management and chirp compensation completely compatible with existing fiber system.Pass through the straight of design micro-nano fiber
Footpath and length, the method for dispersion management and chirp compensation given by the present invention are difficult to dispersion especially suitable for ordinary optic fibre
1 micron waveband and 2 micron wavebands of regulation.During for its all band, all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method of dispersion management and chirp compensation based on micro-nano fiber, it is characterised in that design micro-nano fiber Diameter and length, make micro-nano fiber, and it be packaged, needing the part of dispersion management by micro-nano fiber and optical fiber And the tail optical fiber welding of optical fibre device, realize dispersion management and chirp compensation.
- 2. the method for the dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that according to The 2nd order chromatic dispersion spectrum of different micro-nano fibers, chooses the micro-nano fiber of suitable diameter, and according to total dispersion amount to be compensated, calculate institute Need the length of micro-nano fiber.
- 3. the method for the dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Micro-nano fiber is made up of the micro-nano fiber of one or more snippets homogeneous diameter, or, by the micro-nano light of one or more snippets gradual change diameter Fibre is formed.
- 4. the method for the dispersion management and chirp compensation according to claim 1 or 3 based on micro-nano fiber, it is characterised in that The diameter of the micro-nano fiber is in the range of 500nm to 10 μm, and length is in the range of 1cm to 10m.
- 5. the method for the dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that micro-nano Optical fiber draws cone to be uninterruptedly connected with general single mode fiber by gradual change.
- 6. the method for the dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Micro-nano fiber is made using fused biconical taper method, and step is as follows：Optical fiber surface coat is removed, and optical fiber both ends are fixed on fixture, exposed optical fiber is heated using high temperature heat source Region, and optical fiber is stretched to both ends, in drawing process, high temperature heat source moves back and forth, and increases heating region, the optical fiber after stretching By drawing cone transition region and micro-nano fiber district's groups into whether the 2nd order chromatic dispersion for being detected micro-nano fiber using dispersion measurement device afterwards is reached To design requirement.
- 7. the method for the dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that pass through Adjustment prepares the technological parameter of micro-nano fiber, to obtain the micro-nano fiber of different dispersion characteristics, changes the color that micro-nano fiber provides Dissipate value；By adjusting the length of the ordinary optic fibre that is connected with micro-nano fiber or optical fibre device tail optical fiber, with adjust micro-nano fiber with it is general The fine total dispersion value of thang-kng.
- 8. the method for the dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described Optical fiber is general single mode or multimode fibre.
- 9. the method for the dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described High temperature heat source is butane or iso-butane-oxygen flame, oxyhydrogen flame, CO2Laser, high-voltage arc, or refractory ceramics heater, temperature Degree is at 400 DEG C -1000 DEG C.
- 10. the method for the dispersion management based on micro-nano fiber and chirp compensation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute State micro-nano fiber and optical fiber draws cone transition region to be encapsulated in the box with certain air-tightness and mechanical strength.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109273973A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-25 | 浙江大学 | A kind of dissipative solitons laser of 2 micron waveband |
| CN110380324A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-25 | 清华大学 | A kind of ultrashort pulse fiber laser |
| CN110455320A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-15 | 深圳大学 | A kind of fibre optical sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN113131319A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-16 | 清华大学 | Pulse fiber laser |
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| CN110380324A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-25 | 清华大学 | A kind of ultrashort pulse fiber laser |
| CN110455320A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-15 | 深圳大学 | A kind of fibre optical sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN110455320B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-06-01 | 深圳大学 | Optical fiber sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113131319A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-16 | 清华大学 | Pulse fiber laser |
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