CN107359421B - Left-handed material based on horn-shaped basic unit structure - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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Abstract
A left-handed material based on a claw-shaped basic unit structure relates to a left-handed material. A dielectric substrate is provided, and a good metal conductor layer is coated on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. The cavel-shaped basic unit structure consists of two arc recursion spiral structures which are symmetrically etched on two sides of a perpendicular bisector of a good conductor layer and a straight metal rod connected with the center of the circular recursion spiral structures, wherein the middle point of the bottom edge of the metal rod is coincided with the center of a dielectric substrate. The circular arc recursion spiral structure is obtained by sequentially and tangentially connecting multiple sections of circular arcs according to a certain opening angle from large radius to small radius, and an included angle is formed between a tangent line of a starting point of the spiral structure and the metal rod. The left-handed material with the petal-shaped structure can be further formed by copying the goat-horn-shaped structure of the good conductor layer into n parts and sequentially rotating the goat-horn-shaped structure for 360 degrees/n by taking the middle point of the bottom edge of the metal rod as the center of a circle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a left-handed material, in particular to a left-handed material based on a claw-shaped basic unit structure.
Background
Left-Handed materials (Left-Handed materials), also known as Negative index materials (Negative index materials), Double Negative materials (Double Negative materials) [1], are artificial periodic structures that do not exist in nature. Compared with a right-handed material, the left-handed material has negative dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, an electric field, a magnetic field and wave vectors follow the left-handed helical rule, and the energy propagation direction and the wave vector direction of the electromagnetic wave are opposite. Therefore, compared with the common materials in the nature, the left-handed material has a plurality of strange electromagnetic properties, such as negative refraction phenomenon, inverse Doppler effect, inverse Cherenkov effect, perfect lens effect and the like. This assumption was first proposed by the former soviet physicist v.g. veselago in 1967 [2 ]. In 1999, Pendry proposed that periodically placed open resonant ring arrays (SRRs) could exhibit negative permeability effects in the microwave band instead of magnetic materials [3 ]. In 2000, D.R. Smith et al, USA, based on the results of the Pendry study, designed and processed the historically first left-handed material and observed negative refraction [4 ]. After the left-handed material is recognized in the world, new problems such as narrower double negative bandwidth, larger size, higher loss and the like of the left-handed structure also occur, so that the left-handed material is greatly limited in application. Therefore, most scholars at home and abroad research and design a plurality of left-handed materials with novel structures and better performance, such as an S-shaped structure [5], an omega-shaped structure [6], a P-shaped structure [7], an H-shaped structure [8], a dendritic structure [9], a fishing net structure [10] and the like. These structures are generally complex and have many adjustment limitations, and lack flexibility and versatility of application, and therefore are not practical.
Reference documents:
[1]Shelby R A,Smith D R,Schultz S.Experimental verification ofanegative index of refraction[J].science,2001,292(5514):77-79.
[2]V.G.Veselago.The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneouslynegative values ofεandμ[J].Physics-Uspekhi,1968,10(4):509-514.
[3]Pendry J B,Holden A J,Robbins D J,et al.Magnetism from conductorsand enhancednonlinear phenomena[J].Microwave Theory and Techniques,IEEETransactions on,1999,47(11):2075-2084.
[4]Smith DR,Padilla W J,Vier D C,et al.Composite medium withsimultaneously negative permeability and permittivity[J].Physical reviewletters,2000,84(18):4184.
[5]H.Chen,L.Ran,J.Huangfu,et al."Left-handed materials composed ofonly S-shaped resonators,"Physical Review E,2004,70(5):057605.
[6]F.Zhang,G.Houzet,E.Lheurette,et al."Negative-zero-positivemetamaterial with omega-type metal inclusions,"Journal of Applied Physics,2008.103:084312.
[7] jindaling, left-handed material and its application in antennas research [ D ]. university of electronic technology, 2013.
[8]J.F.Zhou,T.Koschny,L.Zhang."Expermental demonstration of negativeindex of refraction,"Applied Physics Letters,2006,88(22):221103.
[9]Zhang B S L C R,Xiao-Peng Y P Z.Broadband metamaterial absorberbased on dendritic structure[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2010,5:042.
[10]V.D.Lam,J.B.Kim,S.J.Lee,et al."Left-handed behavior of combinedand fishnet structures,"Journal of Applied Physics,2008,103(3):033107-033107-4.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a left-handed material based on a claw-shaped basic unit structure.
The invention is provided with a dielectric substrate, the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is covered with a good conductor layer, the claw-shaped basic unit structure consists of two arc recursive helical structures which are symmetrically etched on two sides of a perpendicular bisector of the good conductor layer and a straight metal rod connected with the center of the circular recursion helical structures, and the midpoint of the bottom edge of the straight metal rod is superposed with the center of the dielectric substrate; the circular arc recursion spiral structure is formed by a plurality of circular arcs according to the radius riFrom large to small, a certain opening angle thetaiSequentially connecting the straight metal rod and the spiral structure in a tangent way to form an included angle theta; the left-handed material with the petal-shaped structure is formed by copying the goat-horn-shaped structure of the good conductor layer into n parts and sequentially rotating the goat-horn-shaped structure for 360 degrees/n by taking the middle point of the bottom edge of the straight metal rod as the center of a circle.
The dielectric substrate can be a rectangular dielectric substrate, the relative dielectric constant can be 2-8, the thickness of single-sided copper-clad can be 0.01-0.03 mm, the length can be 8-16 mm, the width can be 8-16 mm, and the thickness can be h 0.5-1.0 mm.
The length of the straight metal bar can be 3.5-7.0 mm, and the width can be w1The distance d between the connecting point of the straight metal rod and the circular arc recursive spiral structure and the bottom edge of the metal rod is 2.7-5.4 mm.
The included angle between the tangent line of the starting point of the circular arc recursive helical structure and the metal rod is 10-30 degrees.
The arc recursive spiral structure is formed by 3-5 sections of opening angles thetaiAn arc of 90 to 180 degrees (i 1 to 5) is defined asRadius riAre sequentially tangent and connected from large to small, and the maximum radius isThe radius contraction ratio of the rear section of circular arc to the front section of circular arc is k 0.85-0.95, and the radius contraction ratio of the last section of circular arc isThe width of the arc is w2＝(0.25～0.025n)～(0.5～0.05n)mm。
The claw-shaped structure of the good conductor layer is copied into (2, 4, 6, 8) parts, and the parts are sequentially rotated by 360 degrees/n by taking the middle point of the bottom edge of the metal rod as the center of a circle, so that the left-handed material with the petal-shaped structure can be formed.
Compared with the existing left-handed material, the left-handed material based on the claw-shaped basic unit structure provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and easiness in processing, and can realize double negative characteristics and negative refractive index in a wider frequency range. The spiral structure of the claw-shaped basic unit structure has the characteristics of compact structure and high capacitance effect, so that the claw-shaped basic unit structure has great advantages in the aspect of designing left-handed materials. After electromagnetic waves are incident, the left and right circular spiral structures can be used as magnetic dipoles, and when an external magnetic field is changed, magnetic flux in the structures can be changed, so that induced electromotive force is formed, and then magnetic resonance is excited, so that the equivalent negative magnetic conductivity of the claw structure is realized; the middle metal rod has an electric plasma effect when being periodically arranged, and can realize equivalent negative dielectric constant. The control of the left-hand frequency band can be realized by properly adjusting the geometric parameters such as the radius of the spiral structure, the included angle between the spiral structure and the metal rod, the size of the metal rod and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a claw-like basic unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of two petal-shaped left-handed materials in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent dielectric constant variation of two petal-shaped left-handed materials in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of equivalent permeability changes of two petal-shaped left-handed materials in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of equivalent refractive index changes of two petal-shaped left-handed materials in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of six petal-shaped left-handed materials in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent dielectric constant variation of six petal-shaped left-handed materials in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of equivalent permeability changes of six petal-shaped left-handed materials in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of equivalent refractive index changes of six petal-shaped left-handed materials in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples and figures.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention is provided with a dielectric substrate, and a good metal conductor layer is coated on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. The cavel-shaped basic unit structure consists of two arc recursion spiral structures which are symmetrically etched on two sides of a perpendicular bisector of a good conductor layer and a straight metal rod connected with the center of the circular recursion spiral structures, wherein the middle point of the bottom edge of the metal rod is coincided with the center of a dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate has a relative dielectric constant of 2-8, a copper-clad thickness of 0.01-0.03 mm, a rectangular shape, a length of 8-16 mm, a width of 8-16 mm, and a thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm. The length l of the straight metal bar is 3.5-7.0 mm, and the width w thereof1The distance d between the connecting point of the circular arc recursive spiral structure and the bottom edge of the metal bar is 2.7-5.4 mm. The included angle between the tangent line of the starting point of the spiral structure and the metal rod is 10-30 degrees. The helical structure has an opening angle theta of 3-5 sectionsiAn arc of 90 to 180 DEG (i 1 to 5) with a decreasing radius riAre sequentially tangent and connected from large to small, and the maximum radius is
The radius contraction ratio of the rear section of circular arc to the front section of circular arc is k 0.85-0.95, and the radius contraction ratio of the last section of circular arc is
The width of the arc is w2(0.25-0.025n) to (0.5-0.05n) mm. The left-handed material with petal-shaped structure can be further formed by duplicating the horn-shaped structure of the good conductor layer into (2, 4, 6, 8) parts and placing the parts in turn by 360 DEG/n with the middle point of the bottom edge of the metal rod as the center.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention (in conjunction with the accompanying drawings) are described in detail as follows:
in the embodiment of the invention, the rectangular dielectric substrate is made of Roger RO4003 material, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, the side length a is 12mm, the thickness h is 0.8mm, and the thickness of single-sided copper coating is 0.017 mm. The circular arc recursion spiral structure is obtained by sequentially and tangentially connecting 4 sections of circular arcs according to the radius from large to small, and the central angles are theta1＝θ2＝θ3＝90°，θ4＝180°。
Example 1: referring to fig. 2, the parameter settings are the same as in fig. 1. In this embodiment, n is 2, that is, the horn-shaped structure of the good conductor layer in fig. 1 is duplicated into 2 parts, and the parts are sequentially rotated by 180 ° around the middle point of the bottom edge of the metal rod, so as to form a two-petal left-handed material. The length of the metal bar is 6mm and the width is w10.4 mm. The distance d from the connecting point of the circular arc recursive spiral structure and the metal rod to the bottom edge of the metal rod is 4.0 mm. The included angle between the tangent line of the starting point of the spiral structure and the metal rod is theta-30 degrees, and the radiuses of 4 sections of circular arcs of the spiral structure are r in sequence1＝3mm，r2＝2.7mm，r3＝2.4mm，r41.05mm, width w20.3 mm. As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the equivalent dielectric constant is negative in the frequency bands of 2.00 to 2.82GHz and 3.60 to 5.00GHz, the equivalent permeability is negative in the frequency band of 3.42 to 3.77GHz, and the overlapping frequency band of the two is 3.60 to 3.77 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 5, the equivalent refractive index is also negative in the overlap band, indicating that the structure has good left-handed characteristics in this band.
Example 2: referring to fig. 6, the parameter settings are the same as in fig. 1. In this embodiment, if n is 6, the horn-shaped structure of the good conductor layer in fig. 1 is copied into 6 parts, and the metal bar is sequentially centered on the middle point of the bottom edge of the metal barThe left-handed material is placed by rotating the angle of 60 degrees to form a six-petal left-handed material. The length of the metal bar is 5mm and the width is w10.3 mm. The distance d from the connecting point of the circular arc recursive spiral structure and the metal rod to the bottom edge of the metal rod is 3.7 mm. The included angle between the tangent line of the starting point of the spiral structure and the metal rod is theta 10 degrees, and the radiuses of 4 sections of circular arcs of the spiral structure are r in sequence1＝1.06mm，r2＝0.91mm，r3＝0.76mm，r40.305mm and width w20.15 mm. As can be seen from FIGS. 7 to 9, the real parts of the equivalent dielectric constants of the structure in the simulation frequency band range are all below 0, that is, the structure has a wider negative dielectric constant frequency band in the range of 5.00 to 7.00GHz, and the real parts of the equivalent magnetic conductivities of the structure are below 0 in the range of 5.80 to 5.94GHz, so that the structure has double negative frequency bands: 5.80-5.94 GH. Meanwhile, the equivalent dielectric constant and the equivalent magnetic permeability imaginary part are approximately zero in the double negative frequency band, and the values of other frequency bands are larger, so that the left-handed performance is better in the double negative frequency band.
Claims (7)
1. The left-handed material based on the cavel-shaped basic unit structure is characterized by being provided with a dielectric substrate, wherein a good conductor layer is coated on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the cavel-shaped basic unit structure consists of two arc recursive spiral structures which are symmetrically etched on two sides of a perpendicular bisector of the good conductor layer and a straight metal rod connected with the center of the circular recursive spiral structure, and the midpoint of the bottom edge of the straight metal rod is superposed with the center of the dielectric substrate; the circular arc recursion spiral structure is formed by a plurality of circular arcs according to the radius riFrom large to small, a certain opening angle thetaiSequentially connecting the straight metal rod and the spiral structure in a tangent way to form an included angle theta; the left-handed material with the petal-shaped structure is formed by copying the goat-horn-shaped structure of the good conductor layer into n parts and sequentially rotating the goat-horn-shaped structure for 360 degrees/n by taking the middle point of the bottom edge of the straight metal rod as the center of a circle.
2. The left-handed material based on the claw-shaped basic unit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate is a rectangular dielectric substrate.
3. The left-handed material based on the claw-like basic unit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate has a relative dielectric constant of 2 to 8, a single-sided copper-clad thickness of 0.01 to 0.03mm, a dielectric substrate length of 8 to 16mm, a dielectric substrate width of 8 to 16mm, and a dielectric substrate thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 mm.
4. The left-handed material based on the claw-like basic unit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the straight metal rod is 3.5-7.0 mm, and the width is w1The distance d between the connecting point of the straight metal rod and the circular arc recursive spiral structure and the bottom edge of the metal rod is 2.7-5.4 mm.
5. The left-handed material based on the cavel-shaped basic unit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle θ between the tangent line of the starting point of the circular arc recursive helical structure and the metal rod is 10 ° to 30 °.
6. The left-handed material based on the cavel-shaped basic unit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circular arc recursive helical structure comprises 3 to 5 segments of opening angles thetaiThe radius r of the arc of 90-180 degreesiAre sequentially tangent and connected from large to small, and the maximum radius is
The radius contraction ratio of the rear section of circular arc to the front section of circular arc is k 0.85-0.95, and the radius contraction ratio of the last section of circular arc is
The width of the arc is w2(0.25 to 0.025n) to (0.5 to 0.05n) mm; wherein i is 1-5.
7. The left-handed material based on the claw-shaped basic unit structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the claw-shaped structure of the good conductor layer is copied into n-2, 4, 6, 8 parts and is sequentially rotated by 360 °/n around the middle point of the bottom edge of the metal rod to form the left-handed material of the petal-shaped structure.
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| CN110416740B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-06-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Metamaterial based on micro-spiral structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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| WO2012130661A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | Ecole Superieure Electronique De L'ouest | Antenna structures combining metamaterials |
| CN103236581A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-08-07 | 江苏大学 | Left-handed material latticed patch antenna with multi-layer composite heterostructure |
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| CN102738589A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-17 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Metmaterial possessing artificial microstructures with high integration density |
| CN103096149B (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2017-05-24 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | China mobile multimedia broadcasting (CMMB) terminal based on flexible circuit board |
| CN105119058A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-02 | 厦门大学 | Rotary left-handed material unit structure with multi-resonant control structure |
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| WO2012130661A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | Ecole Superieure Electronique De L'ouest | Antenna structures combining metamaterials |
| CN103236581A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-08-07 | 江苏大学 | Left-handed material latticed patch antenna with multi-layer composite heterostructure |
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