CN106558767B - Yagi aerial - Google Patents
Yagi aerial Download PDFInfo
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- CN106558767B CN106558767B CN201510908504.8A CN201510908504A CN106558767B CN 106558767 B CN106558767 B CN 106558767B CN 201510908504 A CN201510908504 A CN 201510908504A CN 106558767 B CN106558767 B CN 106558767B
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- unit
- yagi aerial
- metal strip
- metamaterial
- metamaterial unit
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
- H01Q19/30—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being centre-fed and substantially straight, e.g. Yagi antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of yagi aerial, which includes printed metal layer and dielectric substrate, and printed metal layer is printed on the dielectric substrate.Printed metal layer includes doublet unit, several metamaterial units and metal strip reflector.Wherein, doublet unit and metal strip reflector make yagi aerial that there is first direction figure yagi aerial to be made still to retain traditional radiation characteristic.Metamaterial unit and metal strip reflector collectively form the medium with negative permittivity and negative magnetoconductivity, and yagi aerial is made to have another radiation characteristic, i.e., second direction figure opposite with first direction figure with radiation direction.Doublet unit and each metamaterial unit make yagi aerial have different working frequency range respectively simultaneously, to guarantee that yagi aerial can work normally under above two radiation characteristic respectively.Therefore, which is respectively provided with the directional diagram of two kinds of opposite radiation directions under different working frequency range, expands radiation scope compared with traditional yagi aerial.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to end-fire antenna technical fields, more particularly to a kind of yagi aerial.
Background technique
In end-fire field of antenna, yagi aerial has higher because it is with good directionality compared with dipole antenna
The features such as gain, is widely used in the systems such as direction finding, tracking, telecommunication.Meanwhile with to Modern Communication System
Fast development, it is higher and higher to the performance requirement of antenna radiation pattern, occur the frequency scan antenna based on yagi aerial therewith.
Frequency scan antenna can realize the functions such as identification, search, tracking and passive detection by its beam scanning capabilities.
However, due to the limitation of traditional yagi aerial radiation direction, so that the radiation scope of frequency scan antenna only limits
Yu Yu greatest irradiation direction differ ± 90 degree in the range of, and the rear information into range of frequency scan antenna often without
Method is timely fed back and is tracked.Therefore, the radiation scope for how expanding yagi aerial is a problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to aiming at the problem that the above-mentioned radiation scope for how expanding yagi aerial, provide a kind of Yagi spark gap day
Line can expand the radiation scope of yagi aerial.
A kind of yagi aerial, including printed metal layer and dielectric substrate, the printed metal layer are printed on the medium base
Piece, the printed metal layer include doublet unit, several metamaterial units and metal strip reflector；
The doublet unit and the metal strip reflector make the yagi aerial have first direction figure；It is described super
Material cell and the metallic reflection item collectively form the medium with negative permittivity and negative magnetoconductivity, and make the Yagi spark gap
Antenna has second direction figure, and the second direction figure is opposite with the radiation direction of the first direction figure；The dipole list
First and each metamaterial unit makes the yagi aerial have different working frequency range respectively.
The distance between the metamaterial unit and the metal strip reflector are less than described in one of the embodiments,
The distance between doublet unit and the metallic reflection item.
The metamaterial unit is metal openings resonant ring in one of the embodiments,.
Several metamaterial units are size difference but identical first Meta Materials of shape in one of the embodiments,
Unit, the second metamaterial unit and third metamaterial unit.
First metamaterial unit, the second metamaterial unit and third metamaterial unit in one of the embodiments,
With the distance between the metal strip reflector between 0mm between 2mm.
First metamaterial unit, the second metamaterial unit and third metamaterial unit in one of the embodiments,
It is single layer square spiral structure.
The total length of first metamaterial unit is between 60.8mm between 66.8mm in one of the embodiments,；
The total length of second metamaterial unit is between 63.8mm between 69.8mm；The total length of the third metamaterial unit is situated between
In 59.4mm between 65.4mm.
The dielectric substrate is equipped with logical for the first metal throuth hole of feed and the second metal in one of the embodiments,
Hole.
The doublet unit includes the straight metal strip of the first single layer and the straight metal of the second single layer in one of the embodiments,
Item.
The doublet unit is parallel with metal strip reflector in one of the embodiments,.
Above-mentioned yagi aerial has the beneficial effect that in the yagi aerial, doublet unit and metal strip reflector
So that yagi aerial has first direction figure, metamaterial unit and metal strip reflector are collectively formed with negative permittivity and are born
The medium of magnetic conductivity, and make yagi aerial that there is second direction figure, the radiation direction phase of second direction figure and first direction figure
Instead.Doublet unit and each metamaterial unit make yagi aerial have different working frequency range respectively simultaneously.
Therefore, doublet unit and metal strip reflector are the existing knot of traditional yagi aerial itself in the yagi aerial
Structure, so that yagi aerial still retains traditional radiation characteristic (having first direction figure).And metamaterial unit with
Under the collective effect of metal strip reflector, another radiation characteristic for increasing the yagi aerial (has and first direction figure spoke
Penetrate contrary second direction figure).Yagi aerial has respectively under the action of doublet unit and each metamaterial unit simultaneously
There is different working frequency range, therefore metamaterial unit and doublet unit are independent of each other for the radiation characteristic of yagi aerial, from
And guaranteeing yagi aerial can work normally under above two radiation characteristic respectively.
In conclusion since the yagi aerial is respectively provided with the side of two kinds of opposite radiation directions under different working frequency range
Xiang Tu, therefore the yagi aerial expands radiation scope compared with traditional yagi aerial.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the appearance assumption diagram of the printed metal layer of the yagi aerial of an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the appearance assumption diagram of the dielectric substrate of the yagi aerial of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the overall appearance structure chart of the yagi aerial of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the stickogram of the yagi aerial of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 yagi aerial in the frequency range of 1.6GHz to 3GHz respectively on+Z and -Z direction
Gain diagram.
Fig. 6 to Fig. 9 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 yagi aerial respectively 2.06GHz, 2.18GHz, 2.33GHz,
The far field face the E directional diagram of 2.46GHz.
Specific embodiment
Yagi aerial provided by the invention is explained in order to clearer, is explained with reference to embodiments.Fig. 1 is
The appearance assumption diagram of the printed metal layer of the yagi aerial of one embodiment.Fig. 2 is the medium of the yagi aerial of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1
The appearance assumption diagram of substrate.Fig. 3 is the overall appearance structure chart of the yagi aerial of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.Fig. 4 is real shown in Fig. 1
Apply the stickogram of the yagi aerial of example.Fig. 5 is the yagi aerial of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 in the frequency range of 1.6GHz to 3GHz
Gain diagram on+Z and -Z direction respectively.Fig. 6 to Fig. 9 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 yagi aerial respectively 2.06GHz,
The far field face the E directional diagram of 2.18GHz, 2.33GHz, 2.46GHz.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, in one embodiment, yagi aerial includes printed metal layer 100 and dielectric substrate 200.Its
In, printed metal layer 100 is printed on dielectric substrate 200.In the present embodiment, printed metal layer 100 is printed on medium base
The front of piece 200, and the back side of dielectric substrate 200 does not have metal covering.
Printed metal layer 100 includes doublet unit 110, several metamaterial units and metal strip reflector 150.In this reality
It applies in example, by improving the structure of printed metal layer 100 come come the limitation that overcomes traditional yagi aerial radiation direction, i.e., in idol
Change the spoke of yagi aerial by the way that several metamaterial units are added on the basis of pole subelement 110 and metal strip reflector 150
Penetrate characteristic.Each composed structure of printed metal layer 100 will be specifically introduced below.
Doublet unit 110, under 150 collective effect of metal strip reflector so that yagi aerial have first party
Xiang Tu.Wherein, which is the directional diagram having in the original working frequency range of traditional yagi aerial, i.e. doublet unit
110 the first radiation characteristic for making yagi aerial that there is radiation direction for positive range with metal strip reflector 150.
Specifically, doublet unit 110 includes the straight metal strip 111 of the first single layer and the straight metal strip 112 of the second single layer.Also
It is to say, the shape of the straight metal strip 111 of the first single layer and the straight metal strip 112 of the second single layer is rectangle.
In the present embodiment, the straight metal strip 111 of the first single layer is identical with the size of the straight metal strip 112 of the second single layer.Specifically
For, the width of the straight metal strip 111 of the first single layer and the straight metal strip 112 of the second single layer is excellent between 3.5mm between 5.5mm
Select 4.5mm.The length of the straight metal strip 111 of first single layer and the straight metal strip 112 of the second single layer between 21.4mm to 27.4mm it
Between, preferably 24.4mm.
In addition, the straight metal strip 111 of the first single layer and the straight metal strip 112 of the second single layer are parallel with metal strip reflector 150,
And the distance between the two and metal strip reflector 150 be between 18mm between 22mm, preferably 20mm.First single layer is directly golden
Belong to spacing between item 111 and the straight metal strip 112 of the second single layer between 2mm between 4mm, preferably 3mm.
It is understood that doublet unit 110 is not limited to a kind of above-mentioned situation, if can guarantee with metal strip
Make yagi aerial that there is first direction figure under 150 collective effect of reflector, if such as feeding classification change, it is even
The printing mode of pole subelement 110 also can accordingly change.
Metamaterial unit collectively forms the medium with negative permittivity and negative magnetoconductivity with metal strip reflector 150, and
So that yagi aerial has a second direction figure, the radiation direction of the second direction figure and above-mentioned first direction figure is on the contrary, i.e. super material
It is second of radiation characteristic of reversed range that material unit and metal strip reflector 150, which make yagi aerial have radiation direction,.Together
When doublet unit 110 and each metamaterial unit make respectively yagi aerial have different working frequency range, that is to say, that dipole
Subelement 110 and the corresponding working frequency range of each metamaterial unit do not overlap, i.e., doublet unit 110 and each metamaterial unit it
Between be independent of each other, so as to guarantee that yagi aerial can be worked normally in each working frequency range.
Wherein, since metamaterial unit and metal strip reflector 150 are collectively formed with negative permittivity and negative magnetoconductivity
Medium, then in the corresponding working frequency range of metamaterial unit, electromagenetic wave radiation to metamaterial unit and metal strip reflector
After 150, i.e., can generate penetration effect so that most of refraction of electromagnetic wave and it is non-reflective so that yagi aerial is formed and the
One directional diagram has the second direction figure of opposite radiation direction.Therefore, which can not influence yagi aerial original
On the basis of having working frequency range radiation characteristic, generated in corresponding working frequency range and traditional yagi aerial radiation direction phase
Anti- radiation characteristic, to expand the radiation scope of the yagi aerial.
Specifically, the distance between metamaterial unit and metal strip reflector 150 are less than doublet unit 110 and metal strip
The distance between reflector 150.Wherein, since second direction figure is made jointly by metamaterial unit and metal strip reflector 150
With and formed, therefore the distance between metamaterial unit and metal strip reflector 150 have key to the characteristic of second direction figure
Effect.In the present embodiment, the distance between metamaterial unit and metal strip reflector 150 between 0mm between 2mm, it is excellent
Select 1.0mm.
Specifically, metamaterial unit is metal openings resonant ring, i.e. metamaterial unit is to be printed on dielectric substrate 200
Metal openings resonant ring.It is understood that metamaterial unit is not limited to metal openings resonant ring, it can also select other can
Generate the structure with negative permittivity and negative magnetoconductivity medium.
Specifically, above-mentioned several metamaterial units are size difference but identical first metamaterial unit 120, second of shape
Metamaterial unit 130 and third metamaterial unit 140.Wherein, due to the first metamaterial unit 120, the second metamaterial unit 130
It is different with the size of third metamaterial unit 140, so that yagi aerial is respectively provided with three different working frequency range, thus
So that each working frequency range does not overlap.
By the above content it is found that in the present embodiment, doublet unit 110 corresponds to a working frequency range, metamaterial unit
Three working frequency range are corresponded to altogether, so that yagi aerial is provided simultaneously with four working frequency range.Simultaneously eight in this four frequency ranges
The wooden antenna has the directional diagram opposite there are two types of radiation direction, i.e. first direction figure and second direction figure altogether.Therefore, the yagi aerial
It can operate at four working frequency range, and the radiation direction with forward and reverse.
Specifically, the first metamaterial unit 120, the second metamaterial unit 130 and third metamaterial unit 140 are single layer
Square spiral structure.It is formed as shown in Figure 1, the rectangular helical structure is connected by two symmetrical square spiral structures, and
The connected one side of two square spiral structures is closest to metal strip reflector 150.
Specifically, the first metamaterial unit 120, the second metamaterial unit 130 and third metamaterial unit 140 and metal strip
The distance between reflector 150 a is between 0mm between 2mm, preferably 1.0mm.The total length of first metamaterial unit between
60.8mm is between 66.8mm, preferably 63.8mm.The total length of second metamaterial unit 130 between 63.8mm to 69.8mm it
Between, preferably 66.8mm.The total length of third metamaterial unit 140 between 59.4mm between 65.4mm, preferably 62.4mm.First
The width of metamaterial unit 120, the second metamaterial unit 130 and third metamaterial unit 140 between 0.1 between 0.3mm,
It is preferred that 0.2mm.The distance between first metamaterial unit 120 and the second metamaterial unit 130 b between 3mm between 4mm, it is excellent
Select 3.4mm.The distance between second metamaterial unit 130 and third metamaterial unit 140 between 4mm between 5mm, preferably
4.5mm。
It is understood that the concrete composition structure of metamaterial unit is not limited to a kind of above-mentioned situation, as long as can be real
The medium with negative permittivity and negative magnetoconductivity is now collectively formed with metal strip reflector 150, and yagi aerial is had
The function of second direction figure, such as in the first metamaterial unit 120, the second metamaterial unit 130 and third Meta Materials list
One group of metamaterial unit is further added by the basis of member 140.
Metal strip reflector 150, is similarly rectangle, to be printed on the 200 straight metal strip of positive single layer of dielectric substrate, and
Length is at least greater than the first metamaterial unit 120, the second metamaterial unit 130 and third metamaterial unit 140 in medium base
The total length occupied altogether on piece 200.In the present embodiment, the width of metal strip reflector 150 between 3mm between 5mm, preferably
For 4mm.The length of metal strip reflector 150 is between 40mm to 60mm, preferably 55mm.
The thickness of dielectric substrate 200 between 0.6mm between 0.9mm, preferably 0.78mm, dielectric constant between 2 to 3 it
Between, preferably 2.33.As shown in Fig. 2, dielectric substrate 200 is equipped with the first metal throuth hole 210 and the second metal for feed
Through-hole 220, to effectively avoid feeder equipment interference for caused by yagi aerial directional diagram.
Specifically, the first metal throuth hole 210 and the second metal throuth hole 220 to be symmetrically placed in the center of doublet unit 110
Position.Wherein, the diameter of the first metal throuth hole 210 and the second metal throuth hole 220 is between 0.5mm between 2.5mm, preferably
1.5mm。
The yagi aerial finally formed by above-mentioned each structure i.e. on dielectric substrate 200 as shown in figure 3, print entire printing
Yagi aerial provided in this embodiment is formed after metal layer 100.
As shown in the above, the yagi aerial in the present embodiment only needs on the basis of traditional yagi aerial, is being situated between
Three kinds of different structure units arranged in parallel (i.e. three metals that shape is identical but size is different are printed on matter substrate 200 respectively
Split ring resonator), that is, it may make that there are four working frequency range for yagi aerial tool, and generate the opposite direction of two kinds of radiation directions
Figure.Therefore the yagi aerial has many advantages, such as to design simple, at low cost, short preparation period, light-weight.
In order to prove the radiation characteristic of yagi aerial provided in this embodiment, illustrate below by way of experimental result picture.
As shown in figure 4, capable of clearly seeing tool, there are four frequency ranges, respectively in the stickogram of the yagi aerial
About 2.06GHz, 2.18GHz, 2.33GHz, 2.46GHz, to demonstrate yagi aerial provided in this embodiment with four
A working frequency range.
As shown in figure 5, at 2.06GHz working frequency range, main lobe direction is +Z direction, and the side-Z for the yagi aerial
To radiation very little.And at 2.18GHz, 2.33GHz, 2.46GHz, main lobe direction is -Z direction, and +Z direction radiates very little.
Therefore, it can be seen that 2.06GHz corresponds to original frequency range of yagi aerial, i.e., the work generated by doublet unit 110
Make frequency range；2.18GHz, 2.33GHz, 2.46GHz are the newly generated working frequency range of metamaterial unit.
The yagi aerial is in the directional diagram of working frequency range 2.06GHz it can be seen from Fig. 6 to Fig. 9 again, greatest irradiation side
To at 0 degree, first direction figure is corresponded to；And the yagi aerial is in the directional diagram of working frequency range 2.18GHz, 2.33GHz, 2.46GHz
In, greatest irradiation direction is 180 degree, with above-mentioned 0 degree on the contrary, therefore corresponding to second direction figure.
Therefore, the yagi aerial working frequency range 2.06GHz directional diagram direction with working frequency range 2.18GHz,
The directional diagram of 2.33GHz, 2.46GHz are contrary, are able to verify that yagi aerial provided in this embodiment in different work frequencies
The opposite directional diagram of two kinds of radiation directions is generated in section.
In conclusion doublet unit 110 and metal strip reflector 150 are tradition in yagi aerial provided in this embodiment
Structure existing for yagi aerial itself, so that yagi aerial, which still retains traditional radiation characteristic, (has first direction
Figure).And under metamaterial unit and the collective effect of metal strip reflector 150, another radiation for increasing the yagi aerial is special
Property (have the second direction figure opposite with first direction figure radiation direction).While yagi aerial is in dipole list 110 and respectively
Different working frequency range is respectively provided under the action of metamaterial unit, therefore metamaterial unit and doublet unit 110 are for eight
The radiation characteristic of the wooden antenna is independent of each other, to guarantee that yagi aerial being capable of the normal work under above two radiation characteristic respectively
Make.Since there are two types of the directional diagram of opposite radiation direction, the then yagi aerial and traditional yagi aerial phases for yagi aerial tool
Than expanding radiation scope, so as to be applied to target identification and detection in two kinds of opposite directions.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
Only several embodiments of the present invention are expressed for above embodiments, describe it is more specific, but can not therefore and
It is construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, not departing from this
Under the premise of inventive concept, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.Therefore, originally
The scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for patent of invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of yagi aerial, including printed metal layer and dielectric substrate, the printed metal layer are printed on the dielectric substrate,
It is characterized in that, the printed metal layer includes doublet unit, several metamaterial units and metal strip reflector；
The doublet unit and the metal strip reflector make the yagi aerial have first direction figure；The Meta Materials
Unit and the metallic reflection item collectively form the medium with negative permittivity and negative magnetoconductivity, and make the yagi aerial
With second direction figure, the second direction figure is opposite with the radiation direction of the first direction figure；The doublet unit and
Each metamaterial unit makes the yagi aerial have different working frequency range respectively；
The metamaterial unit is metal openings resonant ring；Several metamaterial units are that size is different but shape identical the
One metamaterial unit, the second metamaterial unit and third metamaterial unit；
The metamaterial unit be set between the metal strip reflector and the doublet unit and the metamaterial unit with
The distance between described metal strip reflector is less than the distance between the doublet unit and the metallic reflection item；It is described super
The distance between material cell and the metal strip reflector are between 0mm between 2mm.
2. yagi aerial according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first metamaterial unit, the second Meta Materials list
Member and third metamaterial unit with the distance between the metal strip reflector between 0mm between 2mm.
3. yagi aerial according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first metamaterial unit, the second Meta Materials list
Member and third metamaterial unit are single layer square spiral structure.
4. yagi aerial according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the total length of first metamaterial unit between
60.8mm is between 66.8mm；The total length of second metamaterial unit is between 63.8mm between 69.8mm；The third
The total length of metamaterial unit is between 59.4mm between 65.4mm.
5. according to claim 1 to yagi aerial described in any claim in 4, which is characterized in that the dielectric substrate is set
There are the first metal throuth hole and the second metal throuth hole for feed.
6. according to claim 1 to yagi aerial described in any claim in 4, which is characterized in that the doublet unit
Including the straight metal strip of the first single layer and the straight metal strip of the second single layer.
7. according to claim 1 to yagi aerial described in any claim in 4, which is characterized in that the doublet unit
It is parallel with metal strip reflector.
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| CN201510908504.8A CN106558767B (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2015-12-09 | Yagi aerial |
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| CN201510908504.8A CN106558767B (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2015-12-09 | Yagi aerial |
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| CN106558767B true CN106558767B (en) | 2019-09-17 |
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| CN107359421B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2020-01-14 | 厦门大学 | Left-handed material based on horn-shaped basic unit structure |
| CN107978518A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-05-01 | 四川大学 | A kind of method for realizing semiconductor and producing negative permittivity and being modulated to it |
| CN110401028A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-11-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | A kind of yagi aerial based on Meta Materials |
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| CN2227876Y (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 1996-05-22 | 郑州威尔电器有限公司 | Television plate receiving antenna |
| CN103311656A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-18 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Antenna device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2014196143A1 (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2017-02-23 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Wireless module |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2227876Y (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 1996-05-22 | 郑州威尔电器有限公司 | Television plate receiving antenna |
| CN103311656A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-18 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Antenna device |
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| Planar Quasi-Yagi Antenna Gain Enhancement Using Zero-Index Metamaterials;Roohollah Haghpanahan et al;《2014 Loughborough Antennas and Propagation Conference (LAPC)》;20141111;第3节及附图3-4 |
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