CN107356837B - A kind of improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection recognition method - Google Patents
A kind of improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection recognition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356837B CN107356837B CN201710560914.7A CN201710560914A CN107356837B CN 107356837 B CN107356837 B CN 107356837B CN 201710560914 A CN201710560914 A CN 201710560914A CN 107356837 B CN107356837 B CN 107356837B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/72—Testing of electric windings
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection recognition methods, using a kind of detection recognition method based on detection of magnetic field；Search coil is installed on the surface of reactor, whether the variation of the voltage difference incuded by real-time monitoring search coil is abnormal come real-time judge reactor surrounding magnetic field, the voltage sample value U of search coil inductionjAveraging method is slided by center to obtain, and detection signal and normal signal make the difference and obtain E >=k σ, k=3~5, and as k >=3, shorted-turn fault occurs.Using the technical program can realize reactor interturn short circuit fault in the early stage with the fault pre-alarming promptly and accurately of period of expansion and alarm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of inductor turn-to-turn fault detection, in particular to a kind of improved reactor turn-to-turn are short
Road fault detection recognition methods.
Background technique
Dry-type air-core reactor plays compensating power in the power system, limiting short-circuit current, filters out higher hamonic wave
The effects of, it is one of important power equipment of electric system, is usually applied to open air.Since operating condition is severe, Frequent Accidents, and circle
Between short trouble frequency account for 50% or more of the total frequency of dry-type air-core reactor failure, if cannot arrange in time
It removes, reactor can directly be burnt and cause power outage by the localized hyperthermia that short circuit current generates, and seriously affect electric system
Stable operation.Therefore effectively detection shorted-turn fault is the key that guarantee dry-type air-core reactor stable operation.
It is directed to dry-type air-core reactor shorted-turn fault at present, the detection method used both at home and abroad has: turn-to-turn insulation inspection
Survey method and power direction detection method.Wherein the former be a kind of off-line type inspect periodically, prediction technique, preventive trial system is basic
It can guarantee that equipment operates normally during testing twice, but it has three defects: due to stoppage in transit bring economic loss；Offline examination
Test situation when not can accurately reflect equipment operation；Being damaged to a certain extent property is tested, the service life of equipment is shortened.The latter
It is mainly suitable for the occasion for serious shorted-turn fault hidden danger occur, but sensitivity is insufficient, can not detect a small number of circle short circuits, i.e., gently
Micro- turn-to-turn short circuit.Therefore the traditional detection method of dry-type air-core reactor shorted-turn fault to shorted-turn fault initial stage and
There is accuracy and under-sensitive when being detected in a small number of turn-to-turn short circuits.
Dry-type air-core reactor can generate symmetrical magnetic field around it in normal operation, once circle occurs
Between short trouble, there are one or several voluntarily to close the generation of the short-circuited conducting sleeve of sum in reactor, will have very in short-circuit ring coil
Big induced current passes through and is reacted in the voltage waveform that search coil induces.The magnetic field generated in short-circuited conducting sleeve can offset portion
Divide the magnetic field under normal condition, to destroy the symmetry of electric reactor magnetic field.In order to detect the variation in magnetic field, in the table of reactor
A pair of or several pair of symmetrically placed search coil is installed in face, passes through the change of the voltage difference of each pair of search coil induction of real-time monitoring
Whether change carrys out real-time judge reactor surrounding magnetic field abnormal, to realize to the real-time of dry-type air-core reactor shorted-turn fault
On-line checking.Electromagnetic field variation in position is induced by search coil, inductive signal u, table are exported in a manner of voltage signal
It is as follows up to formula:
In formula: S is the sectional area of coil；B (t) is the space flux density of reactor；For magnetic flux；N is search coil
The number of turns.
From the above equation, we can see that induced voltage u and in the unit time magnetic flux B variation it is directly proportional, for normal operating condition 50Hz
For, the u value is little and more stable, but for the flux change of turn-to-turn short circuit transient state, because action time is very short, meeting
The variation for generating the u of transient state can improve 101~103Times or more, the voltage signal variation of pulse property is formed, u variation abnormality is based on
Signal recognition, reliably can evaluate and determine whether turn-to-turn short circuit has occurred inside reactor.
It the differential signal that senses of search coil and is not zero when reactor works normally, but one has certain amplitude
Moment occurs for sinusoidal signal, failure, and the high fdrequency component of differential voltage can be clearly detected, however it is short that slight turn-to-turn occurs
When the failure of road, due to the influence of interference signal and sampling error, still directly judged using the high fdrequency component failure can generate compared with
Big error.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art described above, on the basis of detection of magnetic field method, propose
A kind of improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection recognition method carrys out smooth sampled data by using sliding mean value first,
Further according to limits of error threshold Controlling model to determine whether occur turn-to-turn fault, realize reactor interturn short circuit fault in the early stage and
The on-line monitoring of period of expansion and fault pre-alarming promptly and accurately.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection identifications
A kind of method, using detection recognition method based on detection of magnetic field；
The innermost layer of reactor encapsulate inner surface or outermost layer encapsulating outer surface install it is symmetrically placed a pair of or several
To search coil, the variation of the voltage difference incuded by each pair of search coil of real-time monitoring is come real-time judge reactor surrounding magnetic field
It is whether abnormal, the real-time online of reactor interturn short circuit fault is detected to realize；Specifically includes the following steps:
Firstly, sliding averaging method using center to obtain filtered data value；
The voltage sample value of search coil induction is denoted as Uj, it is true by formula (1) that sampled value carries out the smoothed out data value of N point
It is fixed,
In formula: N is that the statistical sample of mean value computation is counted, N=4,6 ...；
Wherein Udav(Ui, N) and it is the voltage sample value U that search coil incudesjBy the smoothed out filtered data value of N point, i.e.,
I-th point of filtered numerical value is that the preceding N/2 sampled data of the point and the mean value of rear N/2 sampled data are constituted；
Secondly, characteristic signal used in fault detection is to slide the signal that averaging method optimization processing is crossed using through center,
The statistical sample points N of selection is 3, remembers that filtered signal is M；The detection signal makes the difference with normal signal, and note deviation is
Δ S, note normal signal are MN；
Δ S=M-MN (2)
N in formula1Value algorithm it is as follows:
Use NsIndicate the waveform between peaks and troughs,
In formula: T is the original signal period；fsamFor specimen sample frequency；F is original signal intrinsic frequency, the frequency of signal
For 50Hz, therefore formula (4) is rewritten into:
Ns=0.01fsam (5)
Use NSSliding averaging method in center is done to Δ S, is obtained:
By 6 equal part of sine wave, uses and cover the mean value queue length in such a section as the smooth point in formula (3)
Number generates the center sliding mean value of normal signal:
Finally, taking the absolute value of MS, it is denoted as absolute deviation E, E is distributed across one that amplitude is higher than " 0 " under normal circumstances
Belt-like zone, when there is turn-to-turn short circuit, E has a biggish value；
Based on error theory, its variances sigma is calculated according to absolute deviation E, obtains reactor in normal conditions most
The deviation distribution limit threshold of maximum probability；According to 3 σ rules of error analysis,
The Alarm of shorted-turn fault indicates are as follows:
E3k σ, k=3~5 (8)
As k >=3, shorted-turn fault occurs.
Compared to the prior art, technical solution of the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention provides a kind of improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection recognition methods, by using sliding mean value
Carry out smooth sampled data, further according to limits of error threshold Controlling model to determine whether turn-to-turn fault occurs, realizes reactor turn-to-turn
Short trouble in the early stage with the fault pre-alarming promptly and accurately of period of expansion.
Reactor interturn short circuit event can be built based on this improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection recognition method
Hinder online monitoring system；Existing reactor arrangement and its peripheral equipment operation not will receive the influence of the system, and compatibility is good；
Can also be integrated by soft and hardware system altitude, it realizes and remotely monitors the working condition, stability and peace of reactor in master control room
Quan Xing can be conducive to ensure safe operation of electric network for reactor interturn short circuit fault with early warning early period and alarm.
Specific embodiment
Hereafter with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
A kind of improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection recognition method, using a kind of detection based on detection of magnetic field
Recognition methods.
Dry-type air-core reactor can generate symmetrical magnetic field around it in normal operation, once circle occurs
Between short trouble, there are one or several voluntarily to close the generation of the short-circuited conducting sleeve of sum in reactor, will have very in short-circuit ring coil
Big induced current passes through and is reacted in the voltage waveform that search coil induces.The magnetic field generated in short-circuited conducting sleeve can offset portion
Divide the magnetic field under normal condition, to destroy the symmetry of electric reactor magnetic field.
In order to detect the variation in magnetic field, inner surface or outermost layer encapsulating outer surface installation pair are encapsulated in the innermost layer of reactor
Claim a pair of or several pair of search coil placed, the variation of the voltage difference incuded by each pair of search coil of real-time monitoring is come in real time
Whether abnormal judge reactor surrounding magnetic field, the real-time online of reactor interturn short circuit fault is detected to realize；Specific packet
Include following steps:
Firstly, sliding averaging method using center to obtain filtered data value；
The sample objects that magnetic field detecting coil obtains are a kind of voltage signals that fundamental wave is 50Hz, when turn-to-turn short circuit occurs
High-frequency signal and interference signal difference be 3 aspect.Firstly, interference burr occurs mainly in the Wave crest and wave trough position of waveform
It sets, and short-circuit high-frequency signal is then any position for being randomly occurring in waveform；Secondly, the data point in interference burr is usually with this
Distribution symmetrical above and below centered on data point in moment normal waveform；Although finally, fault-signal and interference signal relative to
The fundamental signal of 50Hz shows as high-frequency signal, but the former amplitude is significantly greater than the latter.For These characteristics, the present invention is borrowed
Conventional slip smooth median filter of having reflected is smoothly tactful.
Firstly, traditional slipping smoothness mean filter has that smoothed out waveform is lagged with respect to actual waveform, it is former
Because being that the current smooth data value at each moment is made of the mean value of N number of data point before the moment.In order to eliminate
Lag on this waveform, we slide averaging method using center to improve original algorithm, and the voltage of search coil induction is adopted
Sample value is denoted as Uj, the sampled value progress smoothed out data value of N point is determining by formula (1),
In formula: N is that the statistical sample of mean value computation is counted, N=4,6 ...；
Wherein Udav(Ui, N) and it is the voltage sample value U that search coil incudesjBy the smoothed out filtered data value of N point, i.e.,
I-th point of filtered numerical value is that the preceding N/2 sampled data of the point and the mean value of rear N/2 sampled data are constituted.
Since the essence of center sliding averaging method is to average, therefore have for symmetrical interference data point good
Filtration result.In addition, the sinusoidal voltage for being frequency 50Hz for sample objects, N value determine that the length of mean value queue, N value are got over
Greatly, the smooth effect of overall waveform is better, but the distortion of signal is also more serious, and the sampled value after smoothing processing is close to 0；And N value
It counts smaller, smoothed out waveform is closer to true original signal, but smooth effect may be subjected to influence, therefore N value
Determination plays an important role to filter effect.
Secondly, characteristic signal used in fault detection is to slide the signal that averaging method optimization processing is crossed using through center,
In order to reduce the distortion of signal, so the statistical sample points N selected is 3,
It is made the difference with detection signal with normal signal, in this way when shorted-turn fault does not occur, acquired results are theoretically
0；When short circuit occurs, a difference will be theoretically obtained, remembers that filtered signal is M；Note deviation is Δ S, and note normal signal is
MN is obtained by formula (3), thus by the judgement benchmark of problem from the curve that sine curve is changed into that a value is about " 0 ".
Δ S=M-MN (2)
N in formula1Value algorithm it is as follows:
Due to the change of reactor working condition and the objective reality of sampling error, there is also certain fluctuations by Δ S itself
Property, need to be Δ S center sliding average value processing.The purpose of this smoothing processing is to obtain the stabilization mean value of Δ S, using its as
Judge the benchmark that failure occurs.Interference signal typically result in sinusoidal waveform sampling after will appear in wave crest and wave trough position it is biggish
Burr, therefore use NsIndicate the waveform between peaks and troughs,
In formula: T is the original signal period；fsamFor specimen sample frequency；F is original signal intrinsic frequency, the frequency of signal
For 50Hz, therefore formula (4) is rewritten into:
Ns=0.01fsam (5)
Use NSSliding averaging method in center is done to Δ S, is obtained:
In order to retain the characteristic fluctuation of original signal, by 6 equal part of sine wave, with the mean value for covering such a section
Queue length generates the center sliding mean value of normal signal as the smooth points in formula (3):
Finally, taking the absolute value of MS, it is denoted as absolute deviation E, due to the presence of sampling error, E is distribution under normal circumstances
It is higher than a ribbon region of " 0 " in amplitude.When there is turn-to-turn short circuit, E has a biggish value, with the shape of step signal
Formula breaks through belt-like zone.
Based on error theory, its variances sigma is calculated according to absolute deviation E, obtains reactor in normal conditions most
The deviation distribution limit threshold of maximum probability.According to 3 σ rules of error analysis, the distribution of deviation under nominal situation be more than 3 σ limit threshold can
Energy property≤0.0026%, once this event occurs, the fluctuation being just not belonging under nominal situation, it may be possible to which abnormal data has
Turn-to-turn short circuit event occurs, reliability >=99%；
The Alarm of shorted-turn fault indicates are as follows:
E3k σ, k=3~5 (8)
As k >=3, shorted-turn fault occurs.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, using this design carries out the present invention non-
Substantive change belongs to the behavior for invading the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of improved reactor interturn short circuit fault detection recognition method, it is characterised in that use a kind of based on magnetic field spy
The detection recognition method of survey；
Inner surface is encapsulated in the innermost layer of reactor or a pair of or several pair of symmetrically placed spy is installed in outermost layer encapsulating outer surface
Test coil, by the variation of the voltage difference of real-time monitoring each pair of search coil induction come real-time judge reactor surrounding magnetic field whether
It is abnormal, the real-time online of reactor interturn short circuit fault is detected to realize；Specifically includes the following steps:
Firstly, sliding averaging method using center to obtain filtered data value；
The voltage sample value of search coil induction is denoted as Uj, the sampled value progress smoothed out data value of N point is determining by formula (1),
In formula: N is that the statistical sample of mean value computation is counted, N=4,6 ...；
Wherein Udav(Ui, N) and it is the voltage sample value U that search coil incudesjBy the smoothed out filtered data value of N point, i.e., i-th
The filtered numerical value of point is that the preceding N/2 sampled data of the point and the mean value of rear N/2 sampled data are constituted；
Secondly, characteristic signal used in fault detection is selected using the signal crossed through center sliding averaging method optimization processing
Statistical sample points N be 3, remember filtered signal be M；The filtered signal makes the difference with normal signal, and note deviation is
Δ S, note normal signal are MN；
Δ S=M-MN (2)
N in formula1Value algorithm it is as follows:
Use NsIndicate the waveform between peaks and troughs,
In formula: T is the original signal period；fsamFor specimen sample frequency；F is original signal intrinsic frequency, and the frequency of signal is
50Hz, therefore formula (4) is rewritten into:
Ns=0.01fsam (5)
Use NSSliding averaging method in center is done to Δ S, is obtained:
By 6 equal part of sine wave, uses and covers the mean value queue length in such a section as the smooth points in formula (3),
Slide mean value in the center for generating normal signal:
Finally, taking the absolute value of MS, it is denoted as absolute deviation E, E is distributed across the ribbon that amplitude is higher than " 0 " under normal circumstances
Region, when there is turn-to-turn short circuit, E has a biggish value；
Based on error theory, its variances sigma is calculated according to absolute deviation E, obtain reactor in normal conditions most probably
The deviation distribution limit threshold of rate；According to 3 σ rules of error analysis,
The Alarm of shorted-turn fault indicates are as follows:
E >=k σ, k=3~5 (8)
As k >=3, shorted-turn fault occurs.
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