CN107356829B

CN107356829B - Transformer capacity simulation training device

Info

Publication number: CN107356829B
Application number: CN201710459086.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 青志明; 王�义; 周飞; 章陈勇; 黄旭
Original assignee: Chongqing Jindiansheng Technology Co ltd; State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co Skill Training Center; State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Current assignee: Chongqing Jindiansheng Technology Co ltd; State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co Skill Training Center; State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Priority date: 2017-06-16
Filing date: 2017-06-16
Publication date: 2024-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-16
Also published as: CN107356829A

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer capacity simulation training device, which comprises one or more of capacity test resistive loads, capacity test capacitive loads and capacity test inductive loads, wherein each capacity test resistive load is respectively connected between each high-voltage side terminal through a control switch, each capacity test capacitive load is respectively connected between each high-voltage side terminal through a control switch, each capacity test inductive load is respectively connected between each high-voltage side terminal through a control switch, each control switch is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is used for outputting control signals according to instruction signals of operators to control the closing or opening of each control switch so as to realize capacity simulation of a transformer. The transformer capacity simulation system adopts an electronic circuit or a module to replace the internal structure of the transformer to realize the simulation of the transformer capacity function simulation, is used for teaching training, and has the characteristics of wide application range, small consumed power, actual compliance with the field and the like.

Description

Transformer capacity simulation training device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a practical training device, in particular to a transformer capacity simulation practical training device.

Background

Due to the materials of manufacture of the transformer, even a transformer with a capacity of only tens of KVA has a weight of more than hundred kilograms. Therefore, a real transformer is transported to the site, and a great deal of manpower, material resources and financial resources are consumed. Therefore, when the transformer function test training is performed, the simulation model is generally adopted for training, and the simulation model is adopted for training, so that only the structure of the transformer can be known, and the transformer detection, test, quality judgment and the like cannot be performed for the training with a certain technical content.

Meanwhile, even if a real transformer is transported to the site, normal civil and industrial transformers on the site normally input high-voltage power with the voltage of 10kV or more on the high-voltage side, and the potential safety hazard exists when the transformer function test training is carried out. The applicant designs an analog transformer for solving the above problems, which has the functions of both seeing the external structure of the transformer and performing a conventional electrical test, so that a transformer capacity analog practical training device for realizing the capacity function simulation of the transformer by adopting an electronic and electrical mode is required.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the corresponding defects of the prior art, the invention provides a transformer capacity simulation training device which adopts an electronic and electrical mode, namely an electronic circuit or a module to replace the internal structure of a transformer so as to realize the simulation of transformer capacity function simulation, is used for teaching and training, has the characteristics of wide application range, small consumed power, actual compliance with the field and the like, and is a better choice for electric power teaching, training demonstration and the like as teaching and practical operation training.

The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: the utility model provides a real device of instructing of transformer capacity simulation, including one or more in capacity test is with resistive load, capacity test is with capacitive load, capacity test is with inductive load, each capacity test is with resistive load and is connected respectively between each high voltage side terminal through control switch, each capacity test is with capacitive load and is connected respectively between each high voltage side terminal through control switch, each capacity test is with inductive load and is connected respectively between each high voltage side terminal through control switch, each control switch is all connected with the controller electricity, the controller is used for outputting control signal according to the command signal of operator, control switch's closure or disconnection, realizes the capacity simulation of transformer.

The capacitive load for capacity test and the resistive load for capacity test which are provided between the two high-voltage side terminals are connected in series or in parallel, the inductive load for capacity test and the capacitive load for capacity test which are provided between the two high-voltage side terminals are connected in series or in parallel, and the resistive load for capacity test, the inductive load for capacity test and the capacitive load for capacity test which are provided between the two high-voltage side terminals are connected at will to form various combinations. The capacity test resistive load, the capacity test inductive load, and the capacity test capacitive load provided between the two high-voltage side terminals may be three kinds of in-series, three kinds of in-parallel, two kinds of in-series with another in-parallel, two kinds of in-parallel with another in-series, or the like.

The transformer capacity simulation practical training device comprises one or more groups of capacity test resistive loads, each group of capacity test resistive load comprises a first capacity test resistive load, a second capacity test resistive load and a third capacity test resistive load, the first capacity test resistive load is connected between a high-voltage side A wiring terminal and a high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a control switch, the second capacity test resistive load is connected between a high-voltage side B wiring terminal and a high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a control switch, and the third capacity test resistive load is connected between the high-voltage side A wiring terminal and the high-voltage side B wiring terminal through a control switch.

Preferably, the device for simulating and training the capacity of the transformer comprises a resistive load for capacity test and a capacitive load for capacity test, wherein the capacitive load for capacity test and the resistive load for capacity test are arranged between two high-voltage side terminals and are connected in parallel, so that the resistive load for capacity test and the capacitive load for capacity test form different combined access loops, and the transformers with different capacities are simulated correspondingly.

The transformer capacity simulation training device comprises one or more groups of capacitive loads for capacity test, each group of capacitive loads for capacity test comprises a first capacitive load for capacity test, a second capacitive load for capacity test and a third capacitive load for capacity test, the first capacitive load for capacity test is connected between a high-voltage side A wiring terminal and a high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a control switch, the second capacitive load for capacity test is connected between a high-voltage side B wiring terminal and a high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a control switch, and the third capacitive load for capacity test is connected between the high-voltage side A wiring terminal and the high-voltage side B wiring terminal through a control switch. The capacity of the transformer is simulated by adopting the capacitive load and the resistive load which are connected in series or in parallel, the testing precision is extremely high, more transformers with different capacities can be simulated by controlling the switch, the application range is wide, the circuit is convenient to design, the size is small, the cost is low, and the performance is stable.

One end of the first capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node A2, the other end of the first capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node C2, one end of the second capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node B2, the other end of the second capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node C2, one end of the third capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node A2, the other end of the third capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node B2, the node A2 is connected with a node A1 through a normally open contact of a relay K5, the node B2 is connected with a node B1 through a normally open contact of a relay K26, and the node C2 is connected with the node C1 through a normally open contact of a relay K12; one end of the first capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node A3, the other end of the first capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node C3, one end of the second capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node B3, the other end of the second capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node C3, one end of the third capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node A3, the other end of the third capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node B3, the node A3 is connected with a node A1 through a normally open contact of a relay K49, the node B3 is connected with a node B1 through a normally open contact of a relay K70, and the node C3 is connected with a node C1 through a normally open contact of a relay K56; the node A1, the node B1 and the node C1 are respectively and electrically connected with a high-voltage side A, B, C wiring terminal, or the node A1 is connected with the high-voltage side A wiring terminal through a normally open contact of a relay J5, the node B1 is connected with the high-voltage side B wiring terminal through a normally open contact of a relay J7, the node C1 is connected with the high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a normally open contact of a relay J6, and each relay is controlled by a controller.

One end of the coil of the relay K5, one end of the coil of the relay K26 and one end of the coil of the relay K12 are grounded, the coil of the relay K5, the coil of the relay K26 and the other end of the coil of the relay K12 are connected with direct current through normally open contacts of the relay K19 in a piezoelectric mode, one end of the coil of the relay K19 is connected with the direct current in a piezoelectric mode, and the other end of the coil of the relay K19 is electrically connected with the output end of the controller; one end of the coil of the relay K49, one end of the coil of the relay K70 and one end of the coil of the relay K56 are grounded, the coil of the relay K49, the coil of the relay K70 and the other end of the coil of the relay K56 are connected with direct current through normally open contacts of the relay K63 in a piezoelectric manner, one end of the coil of the relay K63 is connected with the direct current in a piezoelectric manner, and the other end of the coil of the relay K63 is electrically connected with the output end of the controller; the coil of relay J5, the coil of relay J7, the one end of the coil of relay J6 all ground connection, the coil of relay J5, the coil of relay J7, the other end of the coil of relay J6 all are connected with direct current piezoelectricity through the normally open contact of relay K90, the one end of the coil of relay K90 is connected with direct current piezoelectricity, the other end of the coil of relay K90 is connected with the output electricity of controller, the both ends of the coil of each relay are parallelly connected with the diode, the positive pole ground connection of diode. The controller can control the power-on or power-off of the coil of the relay K19, and whether the coil of the relay K19 is powered on or not is indicated by an indicator lamp. The controller can control the power-on or power-off of the coil of the relay K63, and whether the coil of the relay K63 is powered on or not is indicated by an indicator lamp. The controller can control the power-on or power-off of the coil of the relay K90, and whether the coil of the relay K90 is powered on or not is indicated by an indicator lamp.

Preferably, the transformer capacity simulation training device comprises a capacity test resistive load and a capacity test inductive load, and the capacity test inductive load and the capacity test resistive load are arranged between the two high-voltage side terminals in series. The capacity of the transformer is simulated by adopting the series connection or parallel connection of the inductive load and the resistive load, the test precision is extremely high, more transformers with different capacities can be simulated, and the application range is wide.

The transformer capacity simulation training device comprises one or more groups of capacity test resistive loads and one or more groups of capacity test inductive loads, wherein the first capacity test resistive load, the second capacity test resistive load and the third capacity test resistive load of each group of capacity test resistive loads are respectively connected with the first capacity test inductive load, the second capacity test inductive load and the third capacity test inductive load of each group of capacity test inductive loads in series between nodes A4, B4 and C4 and nodes A4, B4 and C4, each group of capacity test resistive loads in the plurality of groups of capacity test resistive loads are connected in parallel and connected into a loop through a control switch, the nodes A4, B4 and C4 are respectively connected with a high-voltage side A, B, C wiring terminal directly or through a control switch, the nodes A4, B4 and C4 are respectively shorted with a low-voltage side a, B and C terminal directly or through a lead after being connected with the low-voltage side a, B and C terminal, the nodes A4, B4 and C4 are respectively connected with the low-voltage side A, B, C wiring terminal directly or the low-voltage side B and C terminal through a control switch.

Each group of capacity testing inductive loads in the plurality of groups of capacity testing inductive loads are connected in parallel, and each group of capacity testing inductive loads is connected into the loop through the control switch.

The resistive load for each capacity test uses a resistor, the capacitive load for each capacity test uses a capacitor, and the inductive load for each capacity test uses a transformer or an inductance.

The controller is communicated with the computer or the wireless remote controller and is used for receiving the instruction signals of the computer or the wireless remote controller, or the controller is communicated with the touch screen and is used for receiving the instruction signals of the touch screen.

The invention has the advantages that: the transformer capacity simulation training device adopts an electronic and electrical mode, namely an electronic circuit or module to replace the internal structure of a real transformer, such as an iron core, a coil and the like, so as to realize the simulation of the transformer capacity function, and is used for teaching training and test operation, and the device is the same as an actual transformer in use. The device has the characteristics of wide application range, small consumed power, actual compliance with the field and the like, and is a good choice for electric power teaching, training demonstration and the like as teaching practice training.

The transformer capacity simulation training device is applied to a 'simulation transformer', so that the simulation transformer has the appearance of a transformer and the external structure of a real transformer can be seen; the transformer has the function of performing conventional electric tests, and the transformer simulation device can be used for performing skill training, so that the training and teaching effects can be effectively improved, and students can easily master the structure, principle and test method of the transformer; and the cost of manpower, material resources and time in the aspect of education and training is saved, and the comprehensive benefit of the education and training is improved. Through training, staff is consolidated and improved in professional knowledge and skills, standardized operation procedures of related works are mastered, working efficiency and enterprise benefits are improved, and accidents are reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an analog transformer according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a practical training module for testing insulation resistance of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a practical training module for testing insulation resistance of a transformer according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an anti-misoperation circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a transformer capacity simulation training apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a transformer capacity simulation training apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transformer ratio test module according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a module for testing DC resistance of a transformer according to the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a practical training module for transformer loss test according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The capacity simulation training device of the transformer disclosed by the invention can be arranged as a single device, also comprises a power module, a controller, a simulation transformer shell and the like, only realizes capacity function simulation, and can also be arranged in the simulation transformer shell together with other training devices with various function simulations, and the power module, the controller, the shell and the like are shared to jointly form a simulation transformer.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, an analog transformer includes a high-voltage side connection terminal (A, B, C), a low-voltage side connection terminal (a, b, c, N), a ground terminal, a controller, a power module, a transformer capacity analog training device, a transformer insulation resistance test training module, a transformer loss test training module, a transformer transformation ratio test module, and a transformer direct current resistance test module. The power module is used for supplying power to the whole device. The power supply module is used for converting 220V AC to 24V DC voltage and 5V DC voltage. The controller of the invention adopts a PLC control board. Preferably, all control switches in the present invention employ relays. Of course, other switches that can be controlled by a controller can also be used as the control switch of the present invention. According to the invention, the controller controls the opening of each test training module and the connection or disconnection of each test training module and the corresponding wiring terminal by controlling the control switch in each test training module, so that each test training module is not interfered with each other when various tests are carried out. The resistive load is a load having a resistance value not limited to a resistor, the capacitive load may be a capacitor, and the inductive load may be an inductor, a transformer, or the like.

The analog transformer does not need to be provided with an instruction input device (such as a key, a touch screen and the like) and a prompting device (such as sound and light and the like, and can be a display screen) and the like. The controller of the analog transformer can communicate with a computer or other equipment such as a wireless remote controller in an on-line mode or a wireless mode, and an operator sends instruction signals to the controller of the analog transformer in the on-line mode or the wireless mode through the computer or other equipment. Of course, the analog transformer may also be provided with an instruction input device (such as a key, a touch screen, etc.) and a prompting device (such as an acousto-optic display, etc.), which are respectively connected with the controller of the analog transformer. The instruction signal is input through the instruction input device, and the alarm or state display is performed through the prompting device or the display device.

The practical training module for the transformer insulation resistance test comprises an insulation resistance test resistive load, the insulation resistance test resistive load is connected between a high-voltage side wiring terminal and a low-voltage side wiring terminal through a control switch, the insulation resistance test resistive load is connected between the high-voltage side wiring terminal and a grounding terminal through the control switch, the insulation resistance test resistive load is connected between the low-voltage side wiring terminal and the grounding terminal through the control switch, each control switch of the practical training module for the transformer insulation resistance test is electrically connected with a controller respectively, and the controller is used for outputting control signals according to instruction signals of an operator to control the closing or opening of each control switch of the practical training module for the transformer insulation resistance test. And capacitive loads for insulation resistance test are connected in parallel at two ends of the resistive load for insulation resistance test. The resistive load for insulation resistance test can realize insulation test of the analog transformer. The capacitive load for insulation resistance test and the resistive load for insulation resistance test are arranged in parallel, so that the absorption ratio test of the analog transformer can be realized, the equipment weight can be reduced on the premise that the existing test is close to the actual test, and the cost is saved.

Referring to fig. 2, the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer includes two sets of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance or three sets of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance, a first set of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance of the two sets of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance, and a second set of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance of the two sets of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance. Each group of resistive loads for insulation resistance test comprises a plurality of resistive loads for insulation resistance test, the plurality of resistive loads for insulation resistance test in each group of resistive loads for insulation resistance test are connected in parallel, and the plurality of resistive loads for insulation resistance test in each group of resistive loads for insulation resistance test are connected into loops through control switches respectively, so that the control switches control the load resistance values connected into the loops.

The specific circuit of the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer in the embodiment is as follows: the first group of the resistive loads for insulation resistance test comprises resistive loads R1, R2 and R3 for insulation resistance test, the second group of the resistive loads for insulation resistance test comprises resistive loads R4, R6 and R8 for insulation resistance test, one end of the resistive load R1 for insulation resistance test is connected with a node A10 through a normally open contact of a relay J14, and the other end of the resistive load R1 for insulation resistance test is connected with a node b 10. One end of the resistive load R4 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node C10 through a normally open contact of the relay J14, and the other end of the resistive load R1 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node PE 10. One end of the resistive load R2 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node A10 through a normally open contact of the relay J13, and the other end of the resistive load R2 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node b 10. One end of the resistive load R6 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node C10 through a normally open contact of the relay J13, and the other end of the resistive load R6 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node PE 10. One end of the resistive load R3 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node A10 through a normally open contact of the relay J12, and the other end of the resistive load R3 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node b 10. One end of the resistive load R8 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node C10 through a normally open contact of the relay J12, and the other end of the resistive load R8 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node PE 10. The node A10 is connected with the high-voltage side A wiring terminal through normally open contacts of the relays J10 and J11, and the node C10 is connected with the high-voltage side C wiring terminal through the normally open contact of the relay J10. Node b10 is connected to the low side b terminal via the normally open contact of relay J15. Node PE10 is connected to ground via the normally open contact of relay J16.

When the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer is used, the high-voltage side A, B, C wiring terminals are short-circuited, and the low-voltage side a, b and c wiring terminals are short-circuited. The testing method comprises the following steps: when the high-voltage side is opposite to the low-voltage side, the J10/J11/J12/J13/J14/J15 is controlled to be opened, when the high-voltage side is opposite to the PE, the J10/J11/J12/J13/J14/J16 is controlled to be controlled, and when the low-voltage side is opposite to the PE, the J10/J11/J12/J13/J14/J15/J16 is controlled to be opened. The coils of the relay are all controlled by the controller.

Referring to fig. 3, the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer of the present embodiment includes three sets of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance, a first set of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance among the three sets of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance, a second set of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance among the three sets of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance, and a third set of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance among the three sets of resistive loads for testing the insulation resistance. Each set of resistive loads for insulation resistance testing includes one resistive load for insulation resistance testing. The invention can realize the insulation test of the analog transformer through the arranged resistive load for insulation resistance test. According to the invention, the capacitive load for the insulation resistance test is connected in parallel at two ends of the resistive load for the insulation resistance test, so that the absorption ratio test of the analog transformer can be realized.

The specific circuit of the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer in the embodiment is as follows: one end of a resistive load HV-R1 for insulation resistance test is connected with a node A6 through a normally open contact of a relay K4, the other end of the resistive load HV-R1 for insulation resistance test is connected with a node A6 through a normally open contact of a relay K5, a capacitive load CD2 for insulation resistance test is connected with the resistive load HV-R1 for insulation resistance test in parallel, one end of a resistive load HV-R3 for insulation resistance test is connected with a node A6 through a normally open contact of a relay K6, the other end of the resistive load HV-R3 for insulation resistance test is connected with a node PE6 through a normally open contact of a relay K7, a capacitive load CD16 for insulation resistance test is connected with the resistive load HV-R3 for insulation resistance test in parallel, one end of a resistive load HV-R5 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node A6 through a normally open contact of a relay K8, and the other end of the resistive load HV-R5 for insulation resistance test is connected with the node PE6 through a normally open contact of a relay K9. The capacitive load CD35 for insulation resistance test is connected in parallel with the resistive load HV-R5 for insulation resistance test. One ends of coils of the relay K4 and the relay K5 are grounded, and the other ends of the coils of the relay K4 and the relay K5 are connected with an OUTPUT end OUTPUT0 of the controller. One ends of coils of the relay K6 and the relay K7 are grounded, and the other ends of the coils of the relay K6 and the relay K7 are connected with an OUTPUT end OUTPUT1 of the controller. One ends of coils of the relay K8 and the relay K9 are grounded, and the other ends of the coils of the relay K8 and the relay K9 are connected with an OUTPUT end OUTPUT2 of the controller. The nodes A6, A6 and PE6 can be respectively and directly connected with the high-voltage side A connecting terminal, the low-voltage side A connecting terminal and the grounding terminal. Preferably, the node A6 is connected with the wiring terminal of the high-voltage side A through a normally open contact of the relay K1, the node A6 is connected with the wiring terminal of the low-voltage side A through a normally open contact of the relay K2, the node PE6 is connected with the grounding terminal through a normally open contact of the relay K3, one ends of a coil of the relay K1, a coil of the relay K2 and a coil of the relay K3 are grounded, and the other ends of the coil of the relay K1, the coil of the relay K2 and the coil of the relay K3 are respectively electrically connected with the OUTPUT ends OUTPUT6, OUTPUT7 and OUTPUT8 of the controller. The controller can control the power-on or power-off of the coil of the relay K1, the coil of the relay K2 and the coil of the relay K3 respectively.

When the insulation resistance is measured, A, B, C three phases are short-circuited, and a, b and c three phases are short-circuited. When the high-to-low insulation resistance of the transformer is measured, A, B, C three phases are short-circuited, and a, b and c three phases are short-circuited and then connected with two ends of the megohmmeter, and the megohmmeter provides a direct current power supply. Therefore, when measuring the high-side-to-low insulation resistance, the high-side-to-ground insulation resistance, and the low-side-to-ground insulation resistance, let a represent the high-side, a represent the low-side, and PE represent ground. The invention adopts the method of parallel connection resistance of the capacitor to replace the winding coil of the transformer, thereby reducing the weight of the equipment and saving the cost on the premise of ensuring that the existing test is close to the actual test. Meanwhile, in order to enhance the practicability of the analog transformer, a set of standby circuit is added, and 2 students can operate on the machine at the same time. The insulation resistance test part circuit is as follows:

when the high-to-low insulation resistance is measured, the relays K1, K2, K4 and K5 are closed, and the other relays are opened, so that the high-to-low insulation resistance can be measured. The same method can measure the high side ground insulation resistance and the low side ground insulation resistance. The invention can also be used for carrying out absorption ratio test. The absorption ratio refers to the ratio of insulation resistances measured with a megohmmeter for 60s and 15s of transformer insulation pressurization time. When the insulation resistance is measured, the insulation resistance at 60s and 15s can be obtained, and the ratio is the absorption ratio of the capacity transformer.

Due to the different megameter models, such as: 5000V, 2500V, 1000V, 500V, etc., in order to prevent the misoperation of using the high megameter of voltage, lead to the electric capacity in the circuit of test part to break down, the invention has designed the circuit of preventing misoperation, as in figure 4, when the low-voltage side tests the insulation resistance to PE, stipulate to use megameter to be 500V, if use 1000V at this moment, prevent the misoperation circuit can detect, thus control the corresponding control switch to be unable to close.

Referring to fig. 4, the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer is further provided with an anti-misoperation circuit, and the anti-misoperation circuit comprises a controller, wherein the controller is used for respectively acquiring input voltages between the high-voltage side wiring terminal and the low-voltage side wiring terminal, between the low-voltage side wiring terminal and the grounding terminal and between the high-voltage side wiring terminal and the grounding terminal, and comparing the input voltages with corresponding set values respectively, and when the acquired input voltages are larger than the set values, a corresponding control switch in the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer is controlled to be unable to be closed, so that measurement of the corresponding insulation resistance cannot be normally performed, and outputting an alarm signal to carry out alarm prompt.

And voltage dividing circuits are respectively connected between the high-voltage side wiring terminal and the low-voltage side wiring terminal, between the low-voltage side wiring terminal and the grounding terminal and between the high-voltage side wiring terminal and the grounding terminal. Preferably, each voltage dividing circuit is connected between the high-voltage side connection terminal and the low-voltage side connection terminal, between the low-voltage side connection terminal and the ground terminal, and between the high-voltage side connection terminal and the ground terminal, respectively, through the control switch. The voltage division output end of each voltage division circuit is respectively connected with the input end of the AD conversion module, the AD conversion module is used for respectively collecting the voltage divided by each voltage division circuit and converting the voltage into a digital signal to be transmitted to the controller, the controller is used for comparing the digital signal transmitted by the AD conversion module with a set value, when the digital signal transmitted by the AD conversion module is larger than the set value, the corresponding control switch in the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the control transformer cannot be closed, so that the measurement of the corresponding insulation resistance cannot be normally performed, and an alarm signal is output to carry out alarm prompt.

Referring to fig. 4, the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer is further provided with an anti-misoperation circuit, the anti-misoperation circuit comprises three voltage dividing circuits, one end of the first voltage dividing circuit is connected with the high-voltage side A wiring terminal through a normally open contact of the relay K16, and the other end of the first voltage dividing circuit is connected with the grounding terminal through a normally open contact of the relay K16. The voltage division output end of the first voltage division circuit is connected with the first input end of the AD conversion module. One end of the second voltage dividing circuit is connected with the high-voltage side A wiring terminal through a normally open contact of the relay K17, and the other end of the second voltage dividing circuit is connected with the low-voltage side A wiring terminal through a normally open contact of the relay K17. The voltage division output end of the second voltage division circuit is connected with the second input end of the AD conversion module. One end of the third voltage dividing circuit is connected with the low-voltage side a wiring terminal through a normally open contact of the relay K18, and the other end of the third voltage dividing circuit is connected with the grounding terminal through the normally open contact of the relay K18. The voltage division output end of the third voltage division circuit is connected with the third input end of the AD conversion module. When the digital signal transmitted by the AD conversion module is larger than a set value, relays K1, K2 and K3 in the practical training module for testing the insulation resistance of the transformer are controlled to be incapable of being closed, so that the measurement of the corresponding insulation resistance cannot be normally performed, and an alarm signal is output to carry out alarm prompt. One ends of the coil of the relay K16, the coil of the relay K17 and the coil of the relay K18 are grounded, and the other ends of the coil of the relay K16, the coil of the relay K17 and the coil of the relay K18 are respectively and electrically connected with the OUTPUT ends OUTPUT9, OUTPUT10 and OUTPUT11 of the controller. The controller can control the energization or the de-energization of the coil of the relay K16, the coil of the relay K17, and the coil of the relay K18, respectively. Each voltage dividing circuit consists of two resistors connected in series or consists of a variable resistance device.

When the high-to-low insulation resistance is measured, relay K17 is closed; when high insulation resistance to ground is measured, relay K16 is closed; when measuring low insulation resistance to ground, relay K18 is closed. And a corresponding anti-misoperation circuit path.

Since the input voltage of the AD converter can only be between-5.12V and +5.12V, the sizes of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are selected as 1:1000 and selecting a high voltage resistor, such as r1=1mΩ and r2=1000mΩ, then the series voltage division formula is followed:when U megameter= ±5000V, uin is approximately equal to ±5.00V; when U megameter= ±2500V, uin is approximately ±2.50V; when U megameter= ±500V, uin≡±0.50V.

An AD converter is selected to convert the analog signal into a digital signal, for example, an ADC0809 converter module is adopted. The reference negative voltage of the module defaults to 0V, and the reference negative voltage needs to be adjusted to minus 5.12V (with conditions) through a program. The module conversion chip is provided with time-sharing acquisition ports IN0-IN7 of 8 paths of analog signals, 8 paths of analog gating switches and corresponding decoding circuits for channel address latching are arranged IN the chip, and the conversion time is about 100 mu s. The address latching and decoding circuit latches and decodes the address bits ADDRO (A), ADDR1 (B) and ADDR2 (C) 3, the decoded output is used for channel selection, and the conversion result is stored and output through the tri-state output latch, so that the conversion result can be directly connected with a system data bus. The channel selection table is as follows:

The channel selection table shows that the 3 address bits corresponding to the acquisition ports IN0-IN2 of the present design are respectively: 000001 and 010. The converter is connected with the singlechip, and transmits the converted digital signal to the singlechip, so as to achieve the purpose of voltage acquisition and output. And then the singlechip is controlled by a program to process the data and control the on-off of the circuit relay.

The analog quantity after the input voltage Uin is compared with the reference quantity is converted into a discrete signal represented by a binary value. The maximum value that the converter can quantize is 2^8 =256 units, the measuring range adopts-5.12V to +5.12v, and then the full-scale voltage is divided by the maximum quantizing unit to obtain an analog voltage corresponding to one quantizing unit, Δu= (5.12- (-5.12)) V/256=0.04V. Then, when the input voltage Uin is +5.00V, the corresponding decimal number is (5.00- (-5.12)) ++0.04=253, and the corresponding binary number is 11111100. Similarly, when the output voltage Uin is-5.00V, the corresponding decimal number is (-5.00- (-5.12)) ++0.04=3, and the corresponding binary is 00000011; when the output voltage Uin is +2.50v, the corresponding binary is 00111110; when the output voltage Uin is-2.50V, the corresponding binary value is 01000001; when the output voltage Uin is +0.50V, the corresponding binary value is 0110001; when the output voltage Uin is 0.99V, the corresponding binary is 10001110. Of course, with hand operated megohmmeter voltages, the error is certainly present, but its maximum voltage does not exceed the megohmmeter range.

When the digital signal is smaller than binary digits corresponding to the maximum working voltage of the circuit after the voltage is input, the relays K16, K17 and K18 of the misoperation prevention circuit are controlled to be opened through a program, the relays K1, K2 and K3 of the insulation resistance test circuit are closed, the insulation resistance can be measured normally at the moment, after the test is finished, the relays K1, K2 and K3 of the insulation resistance test circuit are opened, and the relays K16, K17 and K18 of the misoperation prevention circuit are closed. When the digital signal is larger than the binary number corresponding to the maximum working voltage of the circuit, the K1, the K2 and the K3 can not be closed and alarm can be given by adopting any available alarm mode, such as a display screen, sound and light.

The transformer capacity simulation training device comprises one or more of capacity test resistive loads, capacity test capacitive loads and capacity test inductive loads, wherein each capacity test resistive load is respectively connected between each high-voltage side terminal through a control switch, each capacity test capacitive load is respectively connected between each high-voltage side terminal through a control switch, each capacity test inductive load is respectively connected between each high-voltage side terminal through a control switch, each control switch of the transformer capacity simulation training device is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is used for outputting control signals according to command signals of operators to control the closing or opening of each control switch of the transformer capacity simulation training device so as to realize capacity simulation of the transformer. The capacitive load for capacity test and the resistive load for capacity test which are arranged between the two high-voltage side terminals are connected in series or in parallel, the inductive load for capacity test and the resistive load for capacity test which are arranged between the two high-voltage side terminals are connected in series or in parallel, and the inductive load for capacity test and the capacitive load for capacity test which are arranged between the two high-voltage side terminals are connected in series or in parallel, and are connected in any way to form various combinations. The capacity test resistive load, the capacity test inductive load, and the capacity test capacitive load provided between the two high-voltage side terminals may be three kinds of in-series, three kinds of in-parallel, two kinds of in-series with another in-parallel, two kinds of in-parallel with another in-series, or the like.

Referring to fig. 5, one structure of the transformer capacity simulation training apparatus is: the transformer capacity simulation training device comprises a capacity test resistive load and a capacity test capacitive load, wherein the capacity test capacitive load and the capacity test resistive load are arranged between two high-voltage side terminals and are connected in parallel, so that the capacity test resistive load and the capacity test capacitive load form different combined access loops, and the capacity test resistive load and the capacity test capacitive load respectively simulate transformers with different capacities correspondingly.

In order to realize multiple capacity simulations of the transformer, the transformer capacity simulation training device comprises multiple groups of capacity test resistive loads, wherein each group of capacity test resistive loads comprises a first capacity test resistive load between a high-voltage side A connecting terminal and a high-voltage side C connecting terminal, a second capacity test resistive load between a high-voltage side B connecting terminal and a high-voltage side C connecting terminal, and a third capacity test resistive load between the high-voltage side A connecting terminal and the high-voltage side B connecting terminal. One end of the first capacity test resistive load is electrically connected with the node A2, the other end of the first capacity test resistive load is electrically connected with the node C2, one end of the second capacity test resistive load is electrically connected with the node B2, the other end of the second capacity test resistive load is electrically connected with the node C2, one end of the third capacity test resistive load is electrically connected with the node A2, the other end of the third capacity test resistive load is electrically connected with the node B2, the node A2 is connected with the node A1 through a normally open contact of the relay K5, the node B2 is connected with the node B1 through a normally open contact of the relay K26, and the node C2 is connected with the node C1 through a normally open contact of the relay K12. One end of the coil of the relay K5, the coil of the relay K26 and one end of the coil of the relay K12 are all grounded, the coil of the relay K5, the coil of the relay K26 and the other end of the coil of the relay K12 are all electrically connected with direct current voltage (such as 5V) through normally open contacts of the relay K19, one end of the coil of the relay K19 is electrically connected with the direct current voltage (such as 5V), and the other end of the coil of the relay K19 is electrically connected with the output end of the controller. The controller can control the power-on or power-off of the coil of the relay K19, and whether the coil of the relay K19 is powered on or not is indicated by an indicator lamp.

Referring to fig. 5, the capacity simulation training device of the transformer further includes a capacity test capacitive load, at least one group of capacity test capacitive loads are connected between each high-voltage side terminal through a control switch, and the capacity test capacitive loads and the capacity test resistive loads between the two high-voltage side terminals are connected in series or in parallel, so that the capacity test resistive loads and the capacity test capacitive loads form different combined access loops, and the capacity test capacitive loads respectively simulate transformers with different capacities. In order to realize multiple capacity simulations of the transformer, the transformer capacity simulation training device comprises multiple groups of capacity test capacitive loads, wherein each group of capacity test capacitive loads comprises a first capacity test capacitive load between a high-voltage side A connecting terminal and a high-voltage side C connecting terminal, a second capacity test capacitive load between a high-voltage side B connecting terminal and a high-voltage side C connecting terminal and a third capacity test capacitive load between the high-voltage side A connecting terminal and the high-voltage side B connecting terminal. One end of the first capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with the node A3, the other end of the first capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with the node C3, one end of the second capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with the node B3, the other end of the second capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with the node C3, one end of the third capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with the node A3, the other end of the third capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with the node B3, the node A3 is connected with the node A1 through a normally open contact of the relay K49, the node B3 is connected with the node B1 through a normally open contact of the relay K70, and the node C3 is connected with the node C1 through a normally open contact of the relay K56. One end of the coil of the relay K49, one end of the coil of the relay K70 and one end of the coil of the relay K56 are grounded, the other ends of the coil of the relay K49, the coil of the relay K70 and the coil of the relay K56 are electrically connected with direct current voltage (such as 5V) through normally open contacts of the relay K63, one end of the coil of the relay K63 is electrically connected with the direct current voltage (such as 5V), and the other end of the coil of the relay K63 is electrically connected with the output end of the controller. The controller can control the power-on or power-off of the coil of the relay K63, and whether the coil of the relay K63 is powered on or not is indicated by an indicator lamp.

Referring to fig. 5, nodes A1, B1, C1 may each be directly connected to the high side A, B, C terminal. Preferably, the node A1 is connected with the high-voltage side A wiring terminal through a normally open contact of the relay J5, the node B1 is connected with the high-voltage side B wiring terminal through a normally open contact of the relay J7, the node C1 is connected with the high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a normally open contact of the relay J6, one ends of a coil of the relay J5, a coil of the relay J7 and a coil of the relay J6 are grounded, the coil of the relay J5, the coil of the relay J7 and the other end of the coil of the relay J6 are electrically connected with direct-current voltage (such as 5V) through normally open contacts of the relay K90, one end of the coil of the relay K90 is electrically connected with direct-current voltage (such as 5V), and the other end of the coil of the relay K90 is electrically connected with the output end of the controller. The controller can control the power-on or power-off of the coil of the relay K90, and whether the coil of the relay K90 is powered on or not is indicated by an indicator lamp. The two ends of the coil of the relay are connected with diodes in parallel, and the positive poles of the diodes are grounded.

Each capacitive load employs a capacitor and the resistive load employs a resistor.

The power voltage device is composed of coil windings, but the coil can be divided into resistance and reactance in an analog circuit. In the capacity test of the transformer, the a/B/C/N connecting terminals of the low-voltage side of the transformer are respectively connected in a butt joint (short circuit) mode to form a loop, and when the A/B/C three phases of the high-voltage side are connected in a butt joint mode by the capacity tester of the transformer, the capacity tester of the transformer supplies a voltage, so that the capacity tester of the transformer can test the capacity of the transformer.

The analog capacity test of the analog transformer adopts a combination of resistance and capacitance to respectively simulate rated data of the power transformer, wherein K5, K12, K19, K26, K49, K56, K63, K70 and K90 are relays, R5, R12 and R19 are resistors, and CD5, CD12 and CD19 are capacitors in FIG. 5. When simulating the capacity test of the transformer, when the operator selects the capacity test, the program commands K19, K63 and K90 to be closed, and the relays for controlling other capacity combination circuits cannot be closed. At this time, K5, K12, K26, K49, K56, K70, J5, J6 and J7 are closed, and then the transformer capacity tester is connected to the high-voltage side for capacity test. The K90 is used for preventing voltage from entering a burn-out test board when the analog transformer is subjected to an energization test, and the K90 is in an off state.

KM1 (fig. 1) was not closeable when capacity and insulation and loss tests were performed.

The combination of the capacitor and the resistor in the transformer capacity simulation training device is provided with a plurality of groups, which respectively correspond to the simulated transformers with different capacities.

Referring to fig. 6, another structure of the transformer capacity simulation training apparatus is: the transformer capacity simulation training device comprises a resistive load for capacity test and an inductive load for capacity test, wherein the inductive load for capacity test and the resistive load for capacity test are arranged between two high-voltage side terminals in series. The transformer capacity simulation training device comprises one or more groups of capacity test inductive loads, wherein each group of capacity test inductive loads comprises a first capacity test inductive load, a second capacity test inductive load and a third capacity test inductive load.

In order to realize the simulation of various capacities of the transformer, the transformer capacity simulation training device comprises a plurality of groups of capacity test resistive loads, and each group of capacity test resistive loads comprises a first capacity test resistive load, a second capacity test resistive load and a third capacity test resistive load. Each high-voltage side terminal is connected to the nodes A4, B4, and C4, respectively. Preferably, normally open contacts of the relay J25 are provided between the nodes A4, B4, C4 and the respective high-voltage side terminals. The nodes A4, B4 and C4 are respectively connected with one ends of a first capacity test resistive load, a second capacity test resistive load and a third capacity test resistive load, and the other ends of the first capacity test resistive load, the second capacity test resistive load and the third capacity test resistive load are respectively connected with the nodes A5, B5 and C5 through normally open contacts of the relay J26. Nodes A5, B5 and C5 are respectively connected with one ends of a first capacity testing inductive load, a second capacity testing inductive load and a third capacity testing inductive load, and the other ends of the first capacity testing inductive load, the second capacity testing inductive load and the third capacity testing inductive load are respectively connected with connecting terminals at low voltage sides a, B and C. The low-voltage side a, b and c connecting terminals need to be mutually short-circuited during testing. Preferably, normally open contacts of the relay J29 are provided between the first capacity test inductive load, the second capacity test inductive load, and the third capacity test inductive load and the low-voltage side terminals, respectively. When the device is used for capacity test, the low-voltage side terminals are connected by wires, so that a loop is formed between the high-voltage side terminals. Each relay is controlled by a controller. Preferably, the resistive load is a resistor and the inductive load is a transformer.

Referring to fig. 7, the transformer transformation ratio testing module includes a voltage dividing circuit, voltage dividing circuits are connected between the high voltage side A, B, C connection terminal and the N connection terminal through control switches, voltage dividing output ends of the voltage dividing circuits are respectively connected with the low voltage side a connection terminal, the low voltage side b connection terminal and the low voltage side c connection terminal through control switches, the control switches of the transformer transformation ratio testing module are respectively electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is used for outputting control signals according to command signals of an operator to control the closing or opening of the control switches of the transformer transformation ratio testing module.

In order to realize multiple transformation ratio simulation of the transformer, the transformer transformation ratio testing module comprises a plurality of groups of voltage dividing circuits, wherein the voltage dividing ratio of each group of voltage dividing circuits is different, and each group of voltage dividing circuits comprises a first voltage dividing circuit between a high-voltage side A connecting terminal and an N connecting terminal, a second voltage dividing circuit between a high-voltage side B connecting terminal and an N connecting terminal and a third voltage dividing circuit between a high-voltage side C connecting terminal and an N connecting terminal. The multi-group voltage dividing circuit is arranged between the high-voltage side wiring terminal and the N wiring terminal in parallel, and the voltage dividing circuits are switched by the control switch. Each voltage dividing circuit consists of two resistors connected in series or consists of a variable resistance device. The varistor device can be a varistor with a manually adjustable voltage division ratio, or a varistor device with a voltage division ratio adjustable by a controller, such as a magnetic varistor. The transformation ratio test function simulation of the invention adopts the resistor, and the voltage dividing ratio precision is high due to the adjustable resistance value and high precision of the resistor, so that the circuit is convenient to design, the volume is small, the cost is low and the performance of the resistor is stable. If the transformation ratio of 10KVA/0.4KVA is simulated, the circuit can quickly and accurately reach 10KVA/0.4KVA when tested by a transformation ratio tester after debugging. When each voltage dividing circuit adopts a variable resistance device with the voltage dividing ratio adjustable through a controller, only one group of voltage dividing circuits is needed to be arranged between the high-voltage side wiring terminal and the N wiring terminal.

Referring to fig. 7, the transformer transformation ratio testing module of the present embodiment is provided with three sets of voltage dividing circuits. One end of a first voltage dividing circuit, a second voltage dividing circuit and a third voltage dividing circuit of the first group of voltage dividing circuits is connected with nodes A7, B7 and C7 respectively through normally open contacts of a relay J3, and the other end of the first voltage dividing circuit, the second voltage dividing circuit and the third voltage dividing circuit of each group of voltage dividing circuits is connected with an N wiring terminal. The voltage division output ends of the first voltage division circuit, the second voltage division circuit and the third voltage division circuit of each group of voltage division circuits are respectively connected with nodes a7, b7 and c7 through normally open contacts of a relay J6. One end of the first voltage dividing circuit, the second voltage dividing circuit and the third voltage dividing circuit of the second group of voltage dividing circuits is respectively connected with the nodes A7, B7 and C7 through normally open contacts of the relay J4, and the other end of the first voltage dividing circuit, the second voltage dividing circuit and the third voltage dividing circuit of each group of voltage dividing circuits is connected with the N wiring terminal. The voltage division output ends of the first voltage division circuit, the second voltage division circuit and the third voltage division circuit of each group of voltage division circuits are respectively connected with nodes a7, b7 and c7 through normally open contacts of a relay J7. One end of the first voltage dividing circuit, the second voltage dividing circuit and the third voltage dividing circuit of the third group of voltage dividing circuits is respectively connected with the nodes A7, B7 and C7 through normally open contacts of the relay J5, and the other end of the first voltage dividing circuit, the second voltage dividing circuit and the third voltage dividing circuit of each group of voltage dividing circuits is connected with the N wiring terminal. The voltage division output ends of the first voltage division circuit, the second voltage division circuit and the third voltage division circuit of each group of voltage division circuits are respectively connected with the nodes a7, b7 and c7 through normally open contacts of the relay J8. Nodes A7, B7, and C7 are connected to the high-voltage side A, B, C connection terminals, respectively. Preferably, normally open contacts of the relay J3 are arranged between the nodes A7, B7 and C7 and the high-voltage side A, B, C connecting terminals. The nodes a7, b7, c7 are connected to the low-voltage terminals a, b, c, respectively. Preferably, normally open contacts of the relay J9 are arranged between the nodes a7, b7 and c7 and the low-voltage side a, b and c connecting terminals. The invention can control the power-on and power-off of the coils of the relays through the controller, and can also control the power-on and power-off of the coils of the relays through the tapping switch SB1 on the transformer, thereby controlling the turn-on test of the transformation ratio.

In the embodiment, 3 kinds of transformation ratio tests of the transformer are simulated, wherein the first kind is to open tap switch SB1-0, the controller controls to automatically open J2/J3/J6/J9, the second kind is to open tap switch SB1-2, the controller controls to automatically open J2/J4/J7/J9, the third kind is to open tap switch SB1-0, and the controller controls to automatically open J2/J5/J8/J9.

Referring to fig. 8, the module for testing the dc resistance of the transformer includes a resistive load for testing the dc resistance, at least one set of resistive load for testing the dc resistance is connected between each high-voltage side terminal through a control switch, at least one set of resistive load for testing the dc resistance is connected between each low-voltage side terminal through a control switch, each control switch of the module for testing the dc resistance of the transformer is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is used for outputting a control signal according to an instruction signal of an operator, controlling the on/off of each control switch of the module for testing the dc resistance of the transformer, and realizing the resistance simulation between windings of the transformer.

Referring to fig. 8, the module for testing the dc resistance of the transformer of the present embodiment includes three sets of resistive loads for testing the dc resistance of the high voltage side and three sets of resistive loads for testing the dc resistance of the low voltage side. One end of the first high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the first group of high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are respectively connected with the nodes A8, B8 and C8 through normally open contacts of the relay J18, and the other ends of the first high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the first group of high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are all connected with the node A9. One end of the first high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the second group of high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are respectively connected with the nodes A8, B8 and C8 through normally open contacts of the relay J19, and the other ends of the first high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the second group of high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are all connected with the node A9. One end of the first high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the third group of high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are respectively connected with the nodes A8, B8 and C8 through normally open contacts of the relay J20, and the other ends of the first high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the third group of high-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are all connected with the node A9. Nodes A8, B8 and C8 are respectively connected with the high-voltage side A, B, C connecting terminals. Preferably, normally open contacts of the relay J17 are arranged between the nodes A8, B8 and C8 and the high-voltage side A, B, C connecting terminals.

One end of the first low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the first group of low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are respectively connected with the nodes a8, b8 and c8 through normally open contacts of the relay J21, and the other ends of the first low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the first group of low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are all connected with the N wiring terminal. One end of the first low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the second group of low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are respectively connected with the nodes a8, b8 and c8 through normally open contacts of the relay J22, and the other ends of the first low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the second group of low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are all connected with the N wiring terminal. One end of the first low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the third group of low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are respectively connected with the nodes a8, b8 and c8 through normally open contacts of the relay J23, and the other ends of the first low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load, the second low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load and the third low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive load of the third group of low-voltage side direct current resistance test resistive loads are all connected with the N wiring terminal. The nodes a8, b8, c8 are connected to the low-voltage terminals a, b, c, respectively. Preferably, normally open contacts of the relay J24 are arranged between the nodes a8, b8 and c8 and the low-voltage side a, b and c connecting terminals.

The method for testing the direct current resistor in the embodiment comprises the following steps: the direct current resistance is the resistance between windings, for example, resistance opening J17, J18 or J17, J19 or J17, J20 between windings on the high voltage side is measured to obtain the values of R (AB), R (BC) and R (AC), which is the direct current resistance test on the high voltage side, and the resistance opening J21, J24 or J22, J24 or J23, J24 between windings on the low voltage side is measured to obtain Rab, rac, rbc, ran, rbn, rcn, which is the direct current resistance test on the low voltage side.

Referring to fig. 9, the training module for transformer loss test includes a power conversion device and a power controllable load device, wherein an input end of the power conversion device is connected with a high-voltage side terminal, an output end of the power conversion device is connected with the power controllable load device, the power conversion device is used for converting high voltage into low voltage and converting alternating voltage into direct voltage to supply power to the power controllable load device, the power controllable load device is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is used for outputting a control signal according to an instruction signal of an operator, adjusting the power of the load device and simulating the loss power of the transformer. The power supply conversion device can adopt a transformer and a rectifying module, can also adopt a switching power supply and the like.

The practical training module for transformer loss test in this embodiment includes transformer T1, transformer T2, transformer T3, rectifier module ZLQ1, rectifier module ZLQ2, rectifier module ZLQ3, transformer T1's primary side one end is connected with high-voltage side a binding post, transformer T2's primary side one end is connected with high-voltage side B binding post, transformer T3's primary side one end is connected with high-voltage side C binding post, transformer T1, T2, T3's primary side other end all is connected with N binding post, transformer T1's secondary side's both ends are connected with rectifier module ZLQ 1's two input respectively, transformer T2's secondary side's both ends are connected with rectifier module ZLQ 2's two input respectively, transformer T3's secondary side's both ends are connected with rectifier module ZLQ 3's two input respectively, it has capacitor C10 to establish ties between rectifier module ZLQ 1's two output ends, it has capacitor C2 to establish ties between the two output ends of rectifier module ZLQ2, capacitor C2, the controllable device of power series connection between two output ends of rectifier module ZLQ3 has capacitor C2, the power control device of two input capacitor C2. The rectifying module adopts a rectifying bridge.

The power-controllable load device comprises a direct current speed regulator and resistive loads for loss test, wherein the input end of the direct current speed regulator is connected with the output end of the rectifying module, the resistive loads for loss test are connected with the regulating end of the direct current speed regulator through control switches, and the output end of the direct current speed regulator is connected with a resistive load. The regulating end of the direct current speed regulator can also be connected with a resistance-variable device with adjustable resistance, and the resistance of the resistance-variable device can be regulated by the controller.

The test principle is as follows: the transformer loss test is added with a 380V three-phase power supply, the voltage is reduced to be within the range of 0-50V through the transformer, the alternating current is changed into direct current through a rectifier bridge, RI is a resistor with certain resistance value power, and the direct current speed regulator is regulated.

The high-voltage side wiring terminal and the low-voltage side wiring terminal are provided with a transformer for the power-on test, the transformer for the power-on test is connected between the high-voltage side wiring terminal and the low-voltage side wiring terminal through a control switch, the control switch is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is used for outputting a control signal according to an instruction signal of an operator, controlling the control switch to be closed or opened, and conducting the power-on test. The control switch adopts a contactor KM1. Preferably, the power-on test transformer is an isolation transformer, and is a three-wire to four-wire transformer. After the practical training modules for the tests are controlled to be disconnected from the corresponding wiring terminals, the KM1 can be controlled to be closed, and an electrifying test is carried out. If the portable box is adopted, a transformer for power-on test is not arranged generally, namely power-on test cannot be carried out, and only capacity, insulation, absorption ratio and loss test can be carried out. If the simulation type shell is adopted, capacity, insulation, absorption ratio and loss tests can be carried out, and energizing tests can also be carried out.

The invention further comprises a transformer simulation shell, wherein the training module, the controller and the power supply module for testing are all arranged in the transformer simulation shell. The simulation type shell adopts a real transformer shell. The high-voltage side wiring terminal and the low-voltage side wiring terminal are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with corresponding insulators on the simulation shell. Of course, the training modules, the controller and the power supply module for each test may be disposed in a separate cabinet instead of the transformer simulation housing, and the transformer simulation housing may be fixed to the cabinet.

The training module, the controller and the power module for each test can also be arranged in a portable box body, and the portable box body is provided with a high-voltage side A, B, C wiring terminal, a low-voltage side a, b, c, N wiring terminal, a grounding terminal, a power supply wiring terminal, a communication wiring terminal, a touch screen and the like.

The protection circuit is arranged between the power supply wiring terminal and the power supply wiring terminal of the simulation transformer and comprises a circuit breaker, a leakage protector and a second contactor KM2 which are arranged between the power supply wiring terminal and the power supply wiring terminal. After the power connection terminal is electrified, the first indicator lamp is on, the circuit breaker is closed, the second indicator lamp is on, the coil of the relay J1 is electrified, the normally closed contact of the relay J1 is disconnected, and the first indicator lamp is off. The leakage protection is opened, the third indicator lamp is on, the coil of the second contactor KM2 is electrified, the main contact of the second contactor KM2 is closed, the power supply wiring terminal is electrified and outputs power to the power supply module, at the moment, the normally closed contact of the second contactor KM2 is disconnected, and the second indicator lamp is off. A voltmeter and an ammeter are arranged between the power supply wiring terminal and the power supply wiring terminal.

The simulation transformer can be used for observing the external structure of a real transformer, and has the functions of the transformer to perform conventional electrical tests such as capacity, absorption ratio, insulation resistance, transformation ratio, direct current resistance, loss test and the like, and adopts an electronic and electrical mode, namely an electronic circuit or module to replace iron cores, coils and the like in the real transformer to realize the simulation of each function of the transformer. The structure and the overall concept of each test module of the invention are equally applicable to single-phase transformers.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a real device of instructing of transformer capacity simulation which characterized in that: the transformer capacity simulation training device comprises one or more groups of resistive loads for capacity test and one or more groups of capacitive loads for capacity test,

each group of the resistive loads for capacity test comprises a first resistive load for capacity test, a second resistive load for capacity test and a third resistive load for capacity test, wherein the first resistive load for capacity test is connected between a high-voltage side A wiring terminal and a high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a control switch, the second resistive load for capacity test is connected between a high-voltage side B wiring terminal and a high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a control switch, and the third resistive load for capacity test is connected between the high-voltage side A wiring terminal and the high-voltage side B wiring terminal through the control switch;

each group of capacitive loads for capacity test comprises a first capacitive load for capacity test, a second capacitive load for capacity test and a third capacitive load for capacity test, wherein the first capacitive load for capacity test is connected between a high-voltage side A wiring terminal and a high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a control switch, the second capacitive load for capacity test is connected between a high-voltage side B wiring terminal and a high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a control switch, and the third capacitive load for capacity test is connected between the high-voltage side A wiring terminal and the high-voltage side B wiring terminal through a control switch;

One end of the first capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node A2, the other end of the first capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node C2, one end of the second capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node B2, the other end of the second capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node C2, one end of the third capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node A2, the other end of the third capacity testing resistive load is electrically connected with a node B2, the node A2 is connected with a node A1 through a normally open contact of a relay K5, the node B2 is connected with a node B1 through a normally open contact of a relay K26, and the node C2 is connected with the node C1 through a normally open contact of a relay K12; one end of the first capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node A3, the other end of the first capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node C3, one end of the second capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node B3, the other end of the second capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node C3, one end of the third capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node A3, the other end of the third capacity test capacitive load is electrically connected with a node B3, the node A3 is connected with a node A1 through a normally open contact of a relay K49, the node B3 is connected with a node B1 through a normally open contact of a relay K70, and the node C3 is connected with a node C1 through a normally open contact of a relay K56; the method comprises the steps of respectively electrically connecting nodes A1, B1 and C1 with a high-voltage side A, B, C wiring terminal, or connecting the nodes A1 with the high-voltage side A wiring terminal through a normally open contact of a relay J5, connecting the nodes B1 with the high-voltage side B wiring terminal through a normally open contact of a relay J7, connecting the nodes C1 with the high-voltage side C wiring terminal through a normally open contact of a relay J6, controlling all relays through a controller, enabling a resistive load for capacity test and a capacitive load for capacity test to form different combined access loops, respectively and correspondingly simulating transformers with different capacities, wherein the resistive load for capacity test adopts a resistor, and the capacitive load for capacity test adopts a capacitor.

2. The transformer capacity simulation training device of claim 1, wherein: one end of the coil of the relay K5, one end of the coil of the relay K26 and one end of the coil of the relay K12 are grounded, the coil of the relay K5, the coil of the relay K26 and the other end of the coil of the relay K12 are connected with direct current through normally open contacts of the relay K19 in a piezoelectric mode, one end of the coil of the relay K19 is connected with the direct current in a piezoelectric mode, and the other end of the coil of the relay K19 is electrically connected with the output end of the controller; one end of the coil of the relay K49, one end of the coil of the relay K70 and one end of the coil of the relay K56 are grounded, the coil of the relay K49, the coil of the relay K70 and the other end of the coil of the relay K56 are connected with direct current through normally open contacts of the relay K63 in a piezoelectric manner, one end of the coil of the relay K63 is connected with the direct current in a piezoelectric manner, and the other end of the coil of the relay K63 is electrically connected with the output end of the controller; the coil of relay J5, the coil of relay J7, the one end of the coil of relay J6 all ground connection, the coil of relay J5, the coil of relay J7, the other end of the coil of relay J6 all are connected with direct current piezoelectricity through the normally open contact of relay K90, the one end of the coil of relay K90 is connected with direct current piezoelectricity, the other end of the coil of relay K90 is connected with the output electricity of controller, the both ends of the coil of each relay are parallelly connected with the diode, the positive pole ground connection of diode.

3. The transformer capacity simulation training device of claim 1, wherein: the controller is communicated with the computer or the wireless remote controller and is used for receiving the instruction signals of the computer or the wireless remote controller, or the controller is communicated with the touch screen and is used for receiving the instruction signals of the touch screen.