CN107356822B - Multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix - Google Patents
Multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356822B CN107356822B CN201710504655.6A CN201710504655A CN107356822B CN 107356822 B CN107356822 B CN 107356822B CN 201710504655 A CN201710504655 A CN 201710504655A CN 107356822 B CN107356822 B CN 107356822B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0878—Sensors; antennas; probes; detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
- G01R19/2509—Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0892—Details related to signal analysis or treatment; presenting results, e.g. displays; measuring specific signal features other than field strength, e.g. polarisation, field modes, phase, envelope, maximum value
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of multi-channel detection systems for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, including hardware system and data processing terminal, the hardware system includes more sensors, transmission cable and signal acquisition storage processing unit, the current signal for the electromagnetic pulse that sensor obtains is transmitted to signal acquisition storage processing unit by transmission cable, and processing calculating is carried out to the electromagnetic pulse signal collected by data processing terminal, obtain 1 of coupling current signals on n electrical port, 2 and ∞ hypernorm, the electromagnetic impulse radiation intensity of pairing effect object is evaluated, damage effect possible under electrical port electromagnetic irradiation included by this evaluation scheme, with comprehensive, safety, reliable feature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to EMP measurements and effect technical field, are related to a kind of having for electromagnetic pulse pairing effect object
The high-speed multiple channel electromagnetic pulse detection system that effect action intensity is measured and evaluated,
Background technique
High-power electromagnetic pulse can generate interference or damage effect to various electronic systems, therefore many scholars are dedicated to
The mechanism of action and rule of electromagnetic pulse pairing effect object are studied, to meet the needs of electromagnetic protection or effective matrix.
Electromagnetic pulse can generate damage effect to the electrical port of more conductor cables such as cable port, at present in electromagnetism arteries and veins
Punching mainly has two to the measurement of coupling current signals on port in the injection effect evaluation test of more conductor cable electrical ports
Kind of method, one is the common mode current surveyed in more conductor cables, one is survey on wherein single line cable to earth-current.And it is logical
Often only with the amplitude of surveyed electric current, carry out the intensity of quantitatively characterizing injection electromagnetic pulse.
In fact, for the electrical port for containing more cables, possible common mode current very little, but the differential mode electricity between line and line
Stream is very big, still can cause the damage effect of multiport；There is also the same problems for the electric current for only monitoring on a certain cable,
The signal very little of monitoring may be selected, but due to the effect of couple current on other cables damage effect occurs for multiport.Therefore
The appraisal procedure for only measuring couple current on common mode current or a certain cable on multiport, cannot react more conductor cables comprehensively
The physical essence of electromagnetic pulse injection effect on port.On the other hand, the amplitude very little of possible couple current, but integral energy is special
It is not big, it still can cause the damage of multiport；Or the forward position change rate of electric current is especially big, it can be to the inductance inside port
Property device generate damage effect.So only with the amplitude of couple current can not the electromagnetic pulse injection intensity of pairing effect object carry out
Assessment.
In addition, generally requiring to survey the electromagnetic pulse signal coupled in airtight cavity in EMP measurement test
Amount, and current measurement method generally requires the letter of the electromagnetic pulse on the port for measuring sensor using coaxial cable or optical fiber
It number passes in the oscillograph or photoreceiver of distal end, can not thus be suitable for the survey of couple electromagnetic pulse signal in airtight cavity
Amount.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multi-channel electromagnetic pulse norm detector, solves and couple letter in airtight cavity
Number measurement problem, while solving the problems, such as the measurement of coupled signal on more conductor cable ports, and it is more to realize electromagnetic pulse
The effective matrix of port.
Technical scheme is as follows:
For the multi-channel detection system of electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, including hardware system and data processing end
End, the hardware system include more sensors, transmission cable and signal acquisition storage processing unit, the electricity that sensor obtains
The current signal of magnetic field impulse is transmitted to signal acquisition storage processing unit by transmission cable, and by data processing terminal to acquisition
Obtained electromagnetic pulse signal carries out processing calculating, obtains 1, the 2 and ∞ hypernorm of coupling current signals on n electrical port,
The electromagnetic impulse radiation intensity of pairing effect object is evaluated.
In the above-mentioned multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, signal acquisition storage processing unit
Including more AD conversion units, FPGA signal acquisition control unit, usb communication unit and clock unit, the FPGA signal
Acquisition control unit controls the synchronous generation multipath clock signal of clock unit, and corresponding AD conversion unit is driven to synchronize it
Acquisition, and the data of acquisition are stored in the storage unit of FPGA signal acquisition control unit, and is being surveyed by usb communication unit
Data processing terminal is sent data to after examination carries out data processing calculating.
In the above-mentioned multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, every sensor and AD conversion list
The length of transmission cable between member is consistent with impedance.
In the above-mentioned multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, sensor is electric current loop.
In the above-mentioned multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, hardware system is sealingly disposed in electricity
In magnetic screen box, and powered in electromagnetic shielding box using battery.
In the above-mentioned multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, hardware system is used for airtight cavity
Interior electromagnetic pulse effect test measurement.
In the above-mentioned multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, the electromagnetic impulse radiation of effector
Steps are as follows for intensity evaluation:
[1] using the coupling current signals on multidimensional norm detector and n electrical port of electric current loop measuring effect object with
The running parameter I of time t1(t),I2(t),...,In(t), corresponding digital sample sequence are as follows: I1[j],I2[j],...,In
[j], j=1...N, wherein N indicates that the data point sum of current signal digital sample sequence, j indicate the time of sample sequence；
[2] 1 norm is sought to the current signal of the n electric appliance port measured respectively | | Ii(t)||1, 2 norms | | Ii(t)|
|2With ∞ norm | | Ii(t)||∞, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein Δ t indicates the sampling time interval of current signal digital sample sequence, and above-mentioned norm is classified as vector
Form, obtain 1,2 and ∞ norm vector (| | Ii(t)||1)i,(||Ii(t)||2)i,(||Ii(t)||∞)i, wherein i indicates electricity
The time of device port, i=1 ... n, round bracket () indicates vector；
[3] vector of the norm obtained to step [2] seeks corresponding norm again, obtains couple current on n electrical port
1, the 2 and ∞ hypernorm of signal: | | (Ii(t))I=1...n||1, | | (Ii(t))I=1...n||2, | | (Ii(t))I=1...n||∞, calculate
Formula are as follows:
[4] injection testing is carried out using the electromagnetic pulse pairing effect object of various different waves, measured on n electrical port
Current signal, and three kinds of hypernorm in step [3] are calculated separately, when three hypernorm are respectively less than the threshold value of port, then recognize
The injection effect of the electromagnetic pulse can be born for effector.
In the above-mentioned multi-channel detection system for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, effector is cable port.
Advantageous effects of the invention are as follows:
1, the present invention is obtained using multidimensional norm detector and electric current loop measurement comprising the electricity on the electrical multiport of effector
Signal is flowed, and 1 hypernorm, 2 hypernorm and ∞ hypernorm has been calculated, these three have difference with the index that hypernorm represents
Physical significance, wherein 1 hypernorm represent rectification impact carry total electrical charge number, the semiconductor devices such as charge transfer device can be caused
Damage；2 hypernorm represent the energy that electromagnetic pulse acts on multiport, device can be caused to overheat, and cause to burn breakdown；
∞ hypernorm represents the peak value of coupling current signals, can cause dielectric breakdown and insulation damages.This evaluation scheme will be electric
Under the electromagnetic irradiation of gas port possible damage effect included have the characteristics that it is comprehensive, safe and reliable.
2, hardware system, can be placed on closed chamber to be measured by multi-channel electromagnetic pulse norm detection system of the invention
In vivo, it is powered using shield shell sealing and battery, measurement obtains the intracorporal coupled signal of closed chamber, uses after test
Acquisition data are handled using data processing terminal, therefore can be realized under conditions of no signal wire and power supply line closed
The measurement of cavity internal electromagnetic pulse signal.
3, the present invention is more by controlling the synchronous generation of clock unit by FPGA signal acquisition control unit in hardware system
Road clock signal drives corresponding AD conversion unit that it is made to synchronize acquisition, at the same every sensor and AD conversion unit it
Between transmission cable length it is consistent with impedance, so that it is guaranteed that multiple signals detection synchronism and consistency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the theory of constitution schematic diagram of multi-channel detection system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the theory of constitution schematic diagram of hardware system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is FPGA signal acquisition control unit work flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is current signal measuring principle figure of the present invention on n root conductor cable electrical port；
Fig. 5 is the electrical multiport effective matrix method flow diagram of electromagnetic pulse of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference are as follows:
1-sensor；2-signal cables；3-signal acquisition storage processing units；4-data processing terminals；5-AD turn
Change unit；6-FPGA signal acquisition control units；7-usb communication units；8-clock units；11-the end n electrical ports；
12-multidimensional norm detectors；13-electric current loops.
Specific embodiment
Measuring system and useful effect intensity evaluation algorithm are carried out by taking four-way electromagnetic pulse detection system as an example below
It is described in detail.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, four-way detection system includes hardware system and data processing terminal 4, wherein hardware system
The electromagnetic pulse obtained including four sensors 1, corresponding transmission cable 2 and signal acquisition storage processing unit 3, sensor 1
Voltage or current signal by transmission cable be transmitted to signal acquisition storage processing unit 3, and by data processing terminal 4 to adopting
Collect obtained electromagnetic pulse signal and carry out processing calculating, by the special frequency channel for calculating electromagnetic pulse forward position maximum transformation period section
The electromagnetic pulse Net long wave radiation intensity of interior coupling energy, pairing effect object is evaluated.
Signal acquisition storage processing unit 3 is logical including four AD conversion units 5, FPGA signal acquisition control unit 6, USB
Believe unit 7 and clock unit 8, FPGA signal acquisition control unit 6 controls the synchronous generation multipath clock signal of clock unit 8, drives
Moving corresponding AD conversion unit 5 makes it synchronize acquisition, and the data of acquisition are stored in FPGA signal acquisition control unit 6
Storage unit in, and by usb communication unit 7 sent data to after being completed data processing terminal 4 carry out data
Reason calculates.
Detection system improves the signal from sensors such as electric current loop, divider using analog channel, will simulate
The differential signal that signal condition becomes convenient for the acquisition of ADC chip, four-way electromagnetic pulse detector contain two panels model
The ADC chip of AT84AD001, for each chip tool there are two service aisle, highest sample rate when binary channels works independently is reachable
1Gsps, the highest sample rate that binary channels is interlocked when working is up to 2Gsps.It is received using fpga chip CYCLONE-5CEBA9F31
The digital signal of ADC chip output, and realize the storage of data.Four-way norm detector is reserved with USB interface, can try
Detector is taken out after testing, collected data are read in into the host computer procedure worked out in computer by USB cable and are carried out
Processing.Detector is subjected to compact designed and is enclosed in aluminum shielding box, and uses battery powered method, is detected in this way
Device undesired signal transmission cable or power supply line in data acquisition, can be used for the measurement of coupled signal in confined space.
It is sampled while four channels to realize, on the one hand needs to guarantee that four tunnel analog signals need while reaching ADC core
Piece, it is synchronous on the other hand needing the clock signal for guaranteeing to reach two panels ADC chip.Therefore in the design of four tunnel analog channels
Need it is completely the same, using identical device, at the same the length of road simulation cabling and impedance answer it is completely the same.To realize two panels
Completely the same, the Clock management chip of the control clock unit 8 of FPGA signal acquisition control unit 6 of ADC clock signal chip
AD9516-3 generates the identical clock signal of two-way, and guarantees that this two clock lines reaches two panels ADC chip from AD9516-3
Track lengths are identical, ensure that two panels ADC chip synchronization samples in this way, are also achieved that the same of four channel analog signals
Step sampling.
The workflow of FPGA signal acquisition control unit is as shown in figure 3, electromagnetic pulse detector starts when powering on
The Data acquisition and storage in four channels, after storage depth reaches pre-trigger depth, by trigger port inside fpga chip
Data and setting activation threshold value carry out in real time compared with；Useful pulse is thought when the data of trigger port are more than activation threshold value
Signal arrives, and is then stored in predetermined depth and completes a data acquisition, can pass through reserved USB interface after test
It imports data in host computer.Digital sampling rate of the four-way electromagnetic pulse detector when four channels work at the same time is reachable
1Gsps, digital sampling rate when only with two channels is up to 2Gsps, and total storage depth is up to 128k byte.
This patent proposes a kind of electromagnetic pulse effect appraisal procedure based on coupling current signals hypernorm on multiport, point
1 hypernorm, 2 hypernorm and ∞ hypernorm for not calculating coupling current signals on more conductor cable ports, utilize these three scalars
Carry out combined reaction electromagnetic pulse to the irradiation effect of more conductor cable ports.
Norm is commonly used to the feature of quantitative description electromagnetic waveforms, such as peak value, energy, rectification integrated value, norm provide
A kind of unified mathematical form, to state the sensitive parameter of electromagnetic pulse.For function or waveform f (x), norm | | f (x) | |
It is the positive real number for meeting following three conditions:
1) nonnegativity: | | f (x) | | >=0, | | f (x) | |=0 and if only if f (x) ≡ 0；
2) linear property: | | α f (x) | |=| α | | | f (x) | |, wherein α is scalar；
3) triangle inequality: | | f1(x)+f2(x)||≤||f1(x)||+||f2(x)||。
For time domain impulse waveform f (x), conventionally used p norm can be indicated are as follows:
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, specific assessment principle of the invention and steps are as follows:
The n on the electrical port comprising n conductor cable is obtained first with multidimensional norm detector and electric current loop measurement
A electric current t variable signal I at any time1(t),I2(t),...,In(t) digital sample sequence I1[j],I2[j],...,In[j],j
=1...N, wherein N indicates the data points of the digital sample sequence of current signal.1 is the end n electrical port in Fig. 1, and 2 be multidimensional
Norm detector；3 be electric current loop.
Secondly, it is as follows to seek 1 norm, 2 norms and ∞ norm, calculation formula to the n current signal measured respectively:
Wherein i=1 ... n has then obtained the vector of norm on the electrical port of n cable, and wherein Δ t is measuring system
To the sampling time interval of current signal digital sample sequence, 1 norm represents the rectification integrated value of current signal；2 norms represent
Integrated square value, the energy of corresponding current signal；∞ norm represents the maximum value of current signal.Above-mentioned norm is classified as vector again
Form, obtain 1,2 and ∞ norm vector (| | Ii(t)||1)i,(||Ii(t)||2)i,(||Ii(t)||∞)i, wherein i=1 ...
N, round bracket indicate vector.
Derived above is the norm of single coupling current signals, can only characterize the effect of single current signal；For
All couple currents seek corresponding norm to the vector of norm derived above again, obtain n to the comprehensive effect of multiport on to cable
The hypernorm of coupling current signals on the electrical port of conductor cable:
Then n coupling current signals can use three scalars, i.e., 1,2 and to the effect of the multiport containing n cable
∞ hypernorm characterizes.These three have specific physical significance with the index that hypernorm represents, wherein 1 hypernorm is on port
The summation of all current rectification integrals, 1 hypernorm known to the definition of electric current are really rectification impact carrying total electrical charge on port
Number, can cause the damage of the semiconductor devices such as charge transfer device；2 hypernorm are that the root mean square of each electric current on port takes again
Root, since the root mean square of electric current is actually proportional to port coupling energy, so 2 hypernorm can represent electromagnetic pulse and exist
The effect that energy is coupled on multiport, can cause device to overheat, cause to burn breakdown；According to the definition of ∞ norm, it is known that ∞
The practical maximum value for representing all coupling current signals on port of hypernorm can cause in port device dielectric breakdown and absolutely
Edge damage.
Injection testing is carried out using the electromagnetic pulse pairing effect object of various different waves, measures the electricity on n electrical port
Signal is flowed, and calculates separately three kinds of hypernorm in above-mentioned steps.Consider a kind of hypernorm, individually with multiport not generating effect
Threshold value of the maximum value as this kind of hypernorm, just obtained three threshold values for three kinds of hypernorm.The then electricity of the multiport
Magnetic field impulse injection effect can be assessed with three kinds of hypernorm of coupling current signals and its threshold value, when three hypernorm are respectively less than
When the threshold value of port, then it is assumed that effector can bear the injection effect of the electromagnetic pulse, and in this irradiation effect, effector does not have
Damage.
It can use business data processing software such as MATLAB, the calculation method provided according to the present invention in actual operation
Work out corresponding calculation procedure.Electromagnetic pulse test is carried out to goal systems first, n is obtained using multichannel norm detector and leads
N current signal of the coupling in body cable port.Then coupling current signals digital sample sequence measurement obtained imports
In computer, the hypernorm of coupling current signals on n conductor cable port is calculated.It is finally quasi- further according to judgement of the invention
The irradiation ability that then pairing effect object bears electromagnetic pulse is assessed.
Claims (7)
1. being used for the multi-channel detection system of electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, it is characterised in that: including hardware system sum number
According to processing terminal (4), the hardware system includes that more sensors (1), transmission cable (2) and signal acquisition storage processing are single
The current signal of first (3), the electromagnetic pulse that sensor (1) obtains is transmitted to signal acquisition storage processing by transmission cable (2)
Unit (3), and processing calculating is carried out to the electromagnetic pulse signal collected by data processing terminal (4), obtain n electrical ends
1, the 2 and ∞ hypernorm of coupling current signals, the electromagnetic impulse radiation intensity of pairing effect object are evaluated on mouth, the electricity of effector
Magnetic field impulse radiation intensity evaluation procedure is as follows:
[1] t at any time of the coupling current signals on multidimensional norm detector and n electrical port of electric current loop measuring effect object is utilized
Running parameter I1(t),I2(t),...,In(t), corresponding digital sample sequence are as follows: I1[j],I2[j],...,In[j],j
=1...N, wherein N indicates that the data point sum of current signal digital sample sequence, j indicate the time of sample sequence；
[2] 1 norm is sought to the current signal of the n electric appliance port measured respectively | | Ii(t)||1, 2 norms | | Ii(t)||2And ∞
Norm | | Ii(t)||∞, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein Δ t indicates the sampling time interval of current signal digital sample sequence, and above-mentioned norm is classified as to the form of vector,
Obtain 1,2 and ∞ norm vector (| | Ii(t)||1)i,(||Ii(t)||2)i,(||Ii(t)||∞)i, wherein i indicates electric appliance port
The time, i=1 ... n, round bracket () indicates vector；
[3] vector of the norm obtained to step [2] seeks corresponding norm again, obtains coupling current signals on n electrical port
1,2 and ∞ hypernorm: | | (Ii(t))I=1...n||1, | | (Ii(t))I=1...n||2, | | (Ii(t))I=1...n||∞, calculation formula
Are as follows:
[4] injection testing is carried out using the electromagnetic pulse pairing effect object of various different waves, measures the electric current on n electrical port
Signal, and three kinds of hypernorm in step [3] are calculated separately, when three hypernorm are respectively less than the threshold value of port, then it is assumed that effect
Answer object that can bear the injection effect of the electromagnetic pulse.
2. the multi-channel detection system according to claim 1 for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, feature exist
In: the signal acquisition storage processing unit (3) includes more AD conversion units (5), FPGA signal acquisition control unit
(6), usb communication unit (7) and clock unit (8), the FPGA signal acquisition control unit (6) control clock unit (8)
It is synchronous to generate multipath clock signal, drive corresponding AD conversion unit (5) that it is made to synchronize acquisition, and the data of acquisition are deposited
Storage in the storage unit of FPGA signal acquisition control unit (6), and by usb communication unit (7) after being completed by data
It is transmitted to data processing terminal (4) and carries out data processing calculating.
3. the multi-channel detection system according to claim 1 for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, feature exist
In: the length of the transmission cable (2) between every sensor (1) and AD conversion unit (5) and impedance are consistent.
4. the multi-channel detection system according to claim 1 or 2 for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, feature
Be: the sensor is electric current loop.
5. the multi-channel detection system according to claim 1 or 2 for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, feature
Be: the hardware system is sealingly disposed in electromagnetic shielding box, and is powered in electromagnetic shielding box using battery.
6. the multi-channel detection system according to claim 1 or 2 for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, feature
Be: the hardware system is used for the intracorporal electromagnetic pulse effect test measurement of closed chamber.
7. the multi-channel detection system according to claim 1 for electromagnetic pulse multiport effective matrix, feature exist
In: the effector is cable port.
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