CN107356381B - geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356381B CN107356381B CN201710344396.5A CN201710344396A CN107356381B CN 107356381 B CN107356381 B CN 107356381B CN 201710344396 A CN201710344396 A CN 201710344396A CN 107356381 B CN107356381 B CN 107356381B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
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Abstract
the invention provides a geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device and a test method thereof, and the geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device comprises a model box body, wherein a sliding belt model is arranged in the model box body, the front end of the sliding belt model is connected with a traction model system, the model box body also comprises a bottom plate, an organic glass plate and an iron frame are vertically arranged on the bottom plate, the organic glass plate is arranged on the inner side of the iron frame, the front end of the bottom plate is provided with a rotating shaft, a motor rack is arranged on the rotating shaft, the front end of the sliding belt model is fixed on a pincerlike clamp, the pincerlike clamp is connected with the rear end of a force sensor through a force transmission rod, the front end of the force sensor is connected with the force transmission rod penetrating through a. The beneficial effects are as follows: the device can be used for accurately measuring the displacement and stress strain of different supporting structures in real time under the condition that the low-speed motor pulls a preset sliding surface to enable a landslide to slide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device and a test method thereof, in particular to a model test device for carrying out supporting optimization on traction type landslide stabilization reinforcement by measuring stress strain of different supporting structures in real time.
background
slope support is a common construction technology, and the support is to ensure the safety of underground structure construction and surrounding environment. For civil engineering, the slope support belongs to a basic construction process, the quality of the slope support influences the quality of the civil engineering to a great extent, and the slope support relates to the life and property safety of people.
the side slope deformation is an inevitable problem in side slope engineering, therefore, a great deal of research work is done by people, abundant engineering experience is accumulated, however, the problems of excavation deformation, instability damage, support structure failure and the like of the side slope are still rare, which is mainly attributed to that: the complexity of the stress-strain relationship of the rock-soil mass itself and the uncertainty and unknowability of the slope-soil pressure distribution after the support structure is inserted. In order to further improve the level of the slope engineering supporting technology and promote the development of civil engineering, the increase of the analysis and research strength on the slope engineering supporting technology is not only significant, but also urgent.
in the current supporting structure indoor model test, three types of tests are commonly used, namely a numerical simulation comparison method, a centrifuge model test, a vibration table model test and a test which are mainly used for researching a fixed supporting mode of a specific single landslide, the research on the optimization of different supporting modes of different side slopes is less, and the research on the optimization of a supporting scheme of the side slope by using a traction type side slope model test is less.
Therefore, the optimization of different slope support schemes is realized by researching the stress-strain evolution law of the traction type slope in different support forms, and the method has important significance for slope support engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device and a test method thereof to solve the existing problems. Under the condition that the low-speed motor pulls a preset sliding surface to enable the landslide to slide, the displacement and the stress strain of different supporting structures can be measured accurately in real time.
the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
The utility model provides a geotechnical engineering supporting construction model test device, including the model box, supporting construction, pull the model system, the sliding strip model and measurement system, it has the soil body to fill in the model box, be equipped with the sliding strip model in the model box, sliding strip model front end links to each other with pulling the model system, sliding strip model front end and pull the model system and be connected, the model box is top and front end open-ended cuboid, supporting construction passes the opening on the sliding strip model and inserts in the soil body, measurement system installs on supporting construction and one side of model box.
The model box still includes the bottom plate, organic glass board and iron stand are installed perpendicularly on the bottom plate, the inboard at the iron stand is installed to the organic glass board, be equipped with the pivot at the bottom plate front end, the motor rack is installed in the pivot, be equipped with the gear at the pivot both ends, slip belt model front end stretches out the model box and fixes on pincerlike anchor clamps, pincerlike anchor clamps pass through the dowel steel and are connected with the force transducer rear end, the force transducer front end is connected with the dowel steel that runs through the transmission case, gear motor passes through the dowel steel and links to each other and fixes on the motor rack with the transmission case.
The traction model system comprises a dowel bar, a dowel box, a pincerlike clamp, a speed reducing motor and a motor rack, wherein the motor rack is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft, and the dowel bars with different lengths are used for respectively connecting the dowel box with the speed reducing motor and connecting a force sensor with the pincerlike clamp.
The slip belt model is a wire mesh, a plurality of openings are formed in the middle of the slip belt model, the slip belt model is obliquely arranged in the model box body, and the supporting structure penetrates through the openings and is inserted into soil.
The measuring system comprises a force sensor, a reflector plate, a pressure sensor and a three-dimensional laser measuring system, wherein the reflector plate is installed at the top of the supporting structure, the pressure sensor is buried in the rear side of the supporting structure and is buried 3cm-10cm deep, the measuring system sends data obtained by a data acquisition instrument to a static strain test analysis system, and the three-dimensional laser measuring system automatically monitors the surface deformation and single-point deformation of the supporting structure in the moving process of a slope body.
The supporting structure is a rectangular pile body and is arranged in the soil body in a linear pile arrangement mode.
The method comprises the following steps that a supporting structure placing line, a sliding surface line and a slope surface line are drawn on an organic glass plate, the inclination angles of the supporting structure placing line and the slope surface line are 35 degrees, the inclination angle of the sliding surface line is 30 degrees, the horizontal distance between the front end of the supporting structure placing line and the front end of a base plate is 30cm, the vertical distance between the front end of the sliding surface line and the base plate is 6cm, and the vertical distance between the front end of the slope surface line and the base plate is 24 cm.
the three-dimensional laser measuring system comprises an LED floodlight light source, a single-lens reflex camera and an MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner, wherein the LED floodlight source, the single-lens reflex camera and the MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner are arranged at the front end of the model box body from near to far.
A geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test method comprises the following steps:
a. Installing and calibrating a force sensor and a pressure sensor;
b. mounting a model box body device, drawing a supporting structure placing line, a sliding surface line and a slope surface line on organic glass plates on two sides of the model box body, wherein the inclination angles of the supporting structure placing line and the slope surface line are 35 degrees, the inclination angle of the sliding surface line is 30 degrees, the horizontal distance between the front end of the supporting structure placing line and the front end of a base plate is 30cm, the vertical distance between the front end of the sliding surface line and the base plate is 6cm, and the vertical distance between the front end of the slope surface line and the base plate is 24 cm;
c. filling the prepared soil body to a support structure placing line according to the drawn line in the step b, then arranging a support structure, filling the prepared soil body to a slide surface line according to the drawn line in the step b, then arranging a wire netting, and filling the prepared soil body to a slope surface line according to the drawn line in the step b.
d. The front end of the sliding belt model extends out of the model box body and is vertically and fixedly connected with the pincer-shaped clamp;
e. Adjusting the motor rack to enable the angle between the motor rack and the bottom plate to be 30 degrees;
g. Connecting the force sensor and the pressure sensor to a computer through a data acquisition instrument;
h. placing an LED floodlight light source, a single-lens reflex camera and an MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner of the three-dimensional laser measuring system at the front end of the model box body from near to far, and adjusting the position of the LED floodlight source to ensure sufficient slope light;
j. Adjusting the position, the height and the focal length of the single lens reflex camera to completely and clearly shoot the slope surface, and shooting the slope surface before the test is started to be used as a contrast picture; adjusting the three-dimensional laser scanner to completely and clearly scan the slope surface, and scanning the slope surface before the test starts to determine an initial state;
and l, simultaneously starting the data acquisition instrument, the three-dimensional laser scanner and the speed reduction motor to start the test.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the test device can simulate different supporting structures, and can well simulate the stress and displacement states of the supporting downgrades of different supporting structures;
2. The test device of the invention arranges high-precision soil pressure and a reflector plate on the slope body, and can accurately measure the pressure and displacement change conditions of the supporting structure in real time;
3. The testing device is provided with a high-precision camera, and can measure the displacement image of the slope body of the whole process of the surface of the landslide in real time by using a three-dimensional laser scanning technology;
4. the model test device is convenient to operate, and related instruments are simple in structure, strong in adjustability and easy to master.
drawings
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of an example of a model testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall side view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an overall front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a four general perspective view of an example of the invention;
fig. 8 is a five-general perspective view of an example of the present invention.
in the figure, 1, an organic glass plate, 2, a surrounding iron frame, 3, a bottom plate, 4, a support, 5, a wire mesh, 6, a clamp, 7, a rotating shaft, 8, a gear, 9, a force sensor, 10, a dowel bar, 11, a force transmission box, 12, a speed reducing motor, 13, a motor rack, 14, a supporting structure, 15, a transmitting sheet and 16, a pressure sensor are arranged.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
as shown in figures 1-8 of the drawings,
the first embodiment is as follows:
the utility model provides a geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device, including the model box 17, supporting construction 14, pull model system 18, sliding strip model 5 and measurement system, it is filled with the soil body to fill in the model box 17, be equipped with sliding strip model 5 in the model box 17, sliding strip model 5 front end links to each other with pulling model system 18, sliding strip model 5 front end is connected with pulling model system 18, model box 17 is top and front end open-ended cuboid, supporting construction 14 passes the opening on the sliding strip model 5 and inserts in the soil body, measurement system installs on supporting construction 14 and one side of model box 17.
model box 17 still includes bottom plate 3, organic glass board 1 and iron stand 2 are installed perpendicularly on bottom plate 3, organic glass board 1 is installed in the inboard of iron stand 2, be equipped with pivot 7 at 3 front ends of bottom plate, motor rack 13 is installed in pivot 7, be equipped with gear 8 at 7 both ends of pivot, slip strip model 5 front end stretches out model box 17 and fixes on pincerlike anchor clamps 6, pincerlike anchor clamps 6 are connected with force transducer 9 rear end through dowel steel 10, force transducer 9 front end is connected with the dowel steel 10 that runs through biography power case 11, gear motor passes through dowel steel 10 and passes power case 11 and link to each other and fix on motor rack 13.
The traction model system 18 comprises a dowel bar 10, a dowel box 11, a pincerlike clamp 6, a speed reduction motor 12 and a motor rack 13, wherein the motor rack 13 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 7, and the dowel bars 10 with different lengths respectively connect the dowel box 11 and the speed reduction motor 12, and connect the force sensor 9 and the pincerlike clamp 6 together.
the sliding belt model 5 is made of iron wire meshes, a plurality of openings are formed in the middle of the sliding belt model 5, the sliding belt model 5 is obliquely arranged in the model box body 17, and the supporting structure 14 penetrates through the openings and is inserted into soil.
the measuring system comprises a force sensor 9, a transmitting piece 15, a pressure sensor 16 and a three-dimensional laser measuring system, wherein the transmitting piece 15 is installed at the top of a supporting structure 14, the pressure sensor 16 is embedded in the rear side of the supporting structure 14 and is embedded to a depth of 3cm-10cm, the measuring system transmits data obtained by a data acquisition instrument to a static strain test analysis system, and the three-dimensional laser measuring system automatic monitoring system finishes the acquisition and analysis work of surface deformation and single-point deformation of the supporting structure 14 in the process of moving a slope body.
the supporting structure 14 is a rectangular pile body, and the supporting structure 14 is arranged in the soil body in a linear pile arrangement mode.
A supporting structure 14 placing line, a sliding surface line and a slope surface line are drawn on an organic glass plate, the inclination angles of the supporting structure 14 placing line and the slope surface line are 35 degrees, the inclination angle of the sliding surface line is 30 degrees, the horizontal distance between the front end of the supporting structure 14 placing line and the front end of the base plate 3 is 30cm, the vertical distance between the front end of the sliding surface line and the base plate 3 is 6cm, and the vertical distance between the front end of the slope surface line and the base plate 3 is 24 cm.
The three-dimensional laser measuring system comprises an LED floodlight light source, a single-lens reflex camera and an MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner, wherein the LED floodlight source, the single-lens reflex camera and the MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner are arranged at the front end of the model box body 17 from near to far.
A geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test method comprises the following steps:
a. Installing and calibrating a force sensor 9 and a pressure sensor 16;
b. Installing a model box body 17 device, drawing a support structure 14 placing line, a sliding surface line and a slope surface line on organic glass plates on two sides of the model box body 17, wherein the inclination angles of the support structure 14 placing line and the slope surface line are 35 degrees, the inclination angle of the sliding surface line is 30 degrees, the horizontal distance between the front end of the support structure 14 placing line and the front end of the base plate 3 is 30cm, the vertical distance between the front end of the sliding surface line and the base plate 3 is 6cm, and the vertical distance between the front end of the slope surface line and the base plate 3 is 24 cm;
c. b, filling the prepared soil body to a support structure 14 placement line according to the drawn line in the step b, and then arranging the support structure 14; filling the prepared soil body to a slide surface line according to the drawn line in the step b, then arranging a wire netting, and filling the prepared soil body to a slope surface line according to the drawn line in the step b.
d. The front end of the slide belt model 5 extends out of the model box body 17 and is vertically and fixedly connected with the pincer-shaped clamp 6;
e. Adjusting the motor rack 13 to enable the angle between the motor rack 13 and the bottom plate 3 to be 30 degrees;
g. Connecting the force sensor 9 and the pressure sensor 16 to a computer through a data acquisition instrument;
h. An LED floodlight light source, a single-lens reflex camera and an MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner of the three-dimensional laser measuring system are placed at the front end of the model box body 17 from near to far, and the position of the LED floodlight source is adjusted to ensure sufficient slope light;
j. Adjusting the position, the height and the focal length of the single lens reflex camera to completely and clearly shoot the slope surface, and shooting the slope surface before the test is started to be used as a contrast picture; adjusting the three-dimensional laser scanner to completely and clearly scan the slope surface, and scanning the slope surface before the test is started to determine the initial state
And l, simultaneously starting the data acquisition instrument, the three-dimensional laser scanner and the speed reducing motor 12 to start the test.
example two:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that:
in this embodiment, the pile arrangement mode of the supporting structure 14 is changed from linear pile arrangement to fold line pile arrangement, that is, under the condition that the slope form and the motor traction speed are not changed, the change rules of the stress strain, the surface form and the pressure of the slope body of the traction-type landslide under the condition of the fold line pile arrangement supporting structure 14 are researched, and the slope body stress strain evolution rules under different pile arrangement modes can be contrastively researched by combining with the first example, so that the optimal protection purpose under different pile arrangement modes is achieved.
Example three: this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that:
In the embodiment, the supporting structure 14 is changed from a pile support to a bolt support 20, that is, under the condition that the slope form and the motor traction speed are not changed, the change rule of the slope stress-strain, the surface form and the pressure of the traction type landslide under the condition of the bolt support 20 is researched, and the slope stress-strain evolution rule under different support types can be contrastively researched by combining with the first example, so that the aim of supporting and optimizing under different support types is fulfilled.
example four:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the previous embodiment except that:
In this embodiment, the supporting structure 14 is changed from a pile support to a pile-anchor support 21, that is, under the condition that the slope form and the motor traction speed are not changed, the change rules of the stress strain, the surface form and the pressure of the slope body of the traction-type landslide under the pile-anchor support 21 are studied, and the slope body stress-strain evolution rules under different support types can be compared and studied by combining the first example and the second example, so as to achieve the purpose of supporting and optimizing under different support types.
example five:
This embodiment is substantially the same as the previous embodiment except that:
in this embodiment, the supporting structure is changed from pile supporting to retaining wall supporting 22, that is, under the condition of ensuring that the form of the slope and the traction speed of the motor are not changed, the change rule of the stress strain, the surface form and the pressure of the slope under the condition of retaining wall supporting of the traction type landslide is researched, and the evolution rule of the stress strain of the slope under different supporting types can be contrastingly researched by combining with the first, second and third phases of the example, so that the purpose of supporting and optimizing under different supporting types is achieved.
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. the utility model provides a geotechnical engineering supporting construction model test device, includes model box, supporting construction, pulls model system, slip belt model and measurement system, and it has soil body, its characterized in that to pack at the model box internal: a slip belt model is arranged in the model box body, the front end of the slip belt model is connected with the traction model system, the model box body is a cuboid with an opening at the top and the front end, a supporting structure penetrates through the opening on the slip belt model and is inserted into a soil body, the measuring system is arranged on the supporting structure and one side of the model box body, the supporting structure is a rectangular pile body, and the supporting structure is arranged in the soil body in a linear pile arrangement mode;
the model box body also comprises a bottom plate, an organic glass plate and an iron frame, wherein the organic glass plate and the iron frame are vertically arranged on the bottom plate, the organic glass plate is arranged on the inner side of the iron frame, a rotating shaft is arranged at the front end of the bottom plate, a motor rack is arranged on the rotating shaft, gears are arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft, the front end of a sliding belt model extends out of the model box body and is fixed on a clamp-shaped clamp, the clamp-shaped clamp is connected with the rear end of a force sensor through a dowel bar, the front end of the force sensor is connected with the dowel bar penetrating through a transmission case, and a speed reducing motor is connected with the transmission case;
The traction model system comprises a dowel bar, a dowel box, a pincerlike clamp, a speed reducing motor and a motor rack, wherein the motor rack is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft, and the dowel bars with different lengths respectively connect the dowel box with the speed reducing motor and the force sensor with the pincerlike clamp;
The sliding belt model is made of iron wire meshes, a plurality of openings are formed in the middle of the sliding belt model, the sliding belt model is obliquely arranged in the model box body, and the supporting structure penetrates through the openings and is inserted into soil;
the measuring system comprises a force sensor, a reflector plate, a pressure sensor and a three-dimensional laser measuring system, wherein the reflector plate is installed at the top of the supporting structure, the pressure sensor is buried in the rear side of the supporting structure and is buried 3cm-10cm deep, the measuring system sends data obtained by a data acquisition instrument to a static strain test analysis system, and the three-dimensional laser measuring system finishes the acquisition and analysis work of surface deformation and single-point deformation of the supporting structure in the moving process of a slope body.
2. the geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps that a supporting structure placing line, a sliding surface line and a slope surface line are drawn on an organic glass plate, the inclination angles of the supporting structure placing line and the slope surface line are 35 degrees, the inclination angle of the sliding surface line is 30 degrees, the horizontal distance between the front end of the supporting structure placing line and the front end of a base plate is 30cm, the vertical distance between the front end of the sliding surface line and the base plate is 6cm, and the vertical distance between the front end of the slope surface line and the base plate is 24 cm.
3. the geotechnical engineering supporting structure model test device according to claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional laser measuring system comprises an LED floodlight light source, a single-lens reflex camera and an MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner, wherein the LED floodlight source, the single-lens reflex camera and the MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner are arranged at the front end of the model box body from near to far.
4. A testing method based on the geotechnical engineering supporting structure model testing device of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
a. installing and calibrating a force sensor and a pressure sensor;
b. Mounting a model box body device, drawing a supporting structure placing line, a sliding surface line and a slope surface line on organic glass plates on two sides of the model box body, wherein the inclination angles of the supporting structure placing line and the slope surface line are 35 degrees, the inclination angle of the sliding surface line is 30 degrees, the horizontal distance between the front end of the supporting structure placing line and the front end of a bottom plate is 30cm, the vertical distance between the front end of the sliding surface line and the bottom plate is 6cm, and the vertical distance between the front end of the slope surface line and the bottom plate is 24 cm;
c. filling the prepared soil body to a support structure placing line according to the drawn line in the step b, and then arranging a support structure;
d. The front end of the sliding belt model extends out of the model box body and is vertically and fixedly connected with the pincer-shaped clamp;
e. Adjusting the motor rack to enable the angle between the motor rack and the bottom plate to be 30 degrees;
g. Connecting the force sensor and the pressure sensor to a computer through a data acquisition instrument;
h. Placing an LED floodlight light source, a single-lens reflex camera and an MS50 three-dimensional laser scanner of the three-dimensional laser measuring system at the front end of the model box body from near to far, and adjusting the position of the LED floodlight source to ensure sufficient slope light;
j. adjusting the position, the height and the focal length of the single lens reflex camera to completely and clearly shoot the slope surface, and shooting the slope surface before the test is started to be used as a contrast picture; adjusting the three-dimensional laser scanner to completely and clearly scan the slope surface, and scanning the slope surface before the test is started to determine the initial state;
and l, simultaneously starting the data acquisition instrument, the three-dimensional laser scanner and the speed reduction motor to start the test.
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| CN107991115A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-04 | 中国铁路总公司 | A kind of model assay systems and test method for studying high gradient slope pier footing stress deformation characteristic |
| CN109489922B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-01-01 | 华北科技学院 | Test device for testing mechanical property of flexible support |
| CN109613210B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-04-07 | 同济大学 | Soil body flowing model test system for large-scale vibration table experiment platform |
| CN111424737B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-04-20 | 青岛理工大学 | P-y curve unit body testing device and testing method |
| CN113791195B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-08 | 西南交通大学 | Device and method for obtaining landslide retaining structure test data |
| CN117686687B (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-04-16 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Interface type scale model landslide simulation test device and simulation method |
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| CN102829728A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2012-12-19 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Comprehensive monitoring system for side slope and landslip |
| US20150253307A1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2015-09-10 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Polymeric fiber-scaffolded engineered tissues and uses thereof |
| CN103942446B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2017-02-22 | 湖北工业大学 | Stability analyzing, forecasting and early warning method based on traction type slope deformation and failure mechanism |
| CN204439025U (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-07-01 | 李龙起 | A kind of novel side slope centrifugal model test proving installation |
| CN105297789B (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-02-22 | 华北水利水电大学 | Device capable of measuring limited filling pressure and displacement change in translation process of retaining wall in real time |
| CN205475369U (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-08-17 | 西南石油大学 | Physical simulation test device is strutted to landslide friction pile |
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