CN107355807A - W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods - Google Patents

W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107355807A
CN107355807A CN201610389050.2A CN201610389050A CN107355807A CN 107355807 A CN107355807 A CN 107355807A CN 201610389050 A CN201610389050 A CN 201610389050A CN 107355807 A CN107355807 A CN 107355807A
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Prior art keywords
burner
boiler
coal
wind
flue gas
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CN201610389050.2A
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CN107355807B (en
Inventor
刘彦鹏
张志刚
张新
陈坤洋
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China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/30—Staged fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2239/00—Fuels
    • F23N2239/02—Solid fuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method, the operation conditions of the boiler of acquisition is analyzed, determines that F wind tilt angled down and D, E wind aperture are：Wall afterwards：F wind tilt angled downs：25、25、5、5、30、30、30、30、5、5、25、25；E wind apertures：25、25、5、20、20、20、20、20、5、5、10、10；D wind apertures：5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5；Front wall：F wind tilt angled downs：25、25、5、5、30、30、30、30、5、5、25、25；E wind apertures：25、25、5、20、20、20、20、20、5、5、10、10；D wind apertures：5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5.The present invention, combustion conditions are improved in stove, and unburned carbon in flue dust has also declined while CO is reduced.

Description

W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method.
Background technology
At present, W types flame boiler exposes some problems, and wherein poor combustion stability is wherein one of major issue. In operation, in the prevalence of the higher (O2 of heavy-duty service oxygen amount>2%) when, fire inspection signal starts to flash, and combustion case deteriorates, So that during unit high load capacity must hypoxemia operation, cause that CO, unburned carbon in flue dust are higher, and boiler efficiency is low.Flameholding Property difference the reason for mainly include 2 points：First, during boiler high load capacity, the speed of primary air jet is high, and ignition point moves down, flame with Secondary Air more early mixes, and flame becomes unstable, causes furnace pressure fluctuation to increase, and fire inspection signal becomes unstable；It is second, high negative During lotus, the secondary air flow in stove also increases, and excessive Secondary Air is mixed into the breeze airflow not yet to catch fire in time, and flame is same Become unstable.The lower F layer Secondary Airs of arch account for the 50%-60% of Secondary Air total blast volume, and former design level is sent into, F wind vertically with combustion Burn not sufficient breeze airflow fiercely to mix, it is unstable with burning to easily cause coal powder ignition.Therefore add wind easy under high load capacity Furnace pressure fluctuation is caused, boiler is forced under hypoxemia amount and run, and causes larger q3 and q4 heat loss, and boiler efficiency is relatively low. The lower secondary wind levels of F layers of arch are sent into, and have separated the undershoot of a coal dust so that breeze airflow stroke is inadequate, encircle lower recirculating zone compared with Small, lower hearth is underutilized.If by F layer Secondary Airs have a down dip certain angle be sent into burner hearth, can effectively solve above-mentioned ask Topic, had a down dip technology so developing W flame boiler secondary air.
As shown in figure 1, W flame boiler technical characteristics, which are Double Cyclone Burners, combines the positive pressure direct that goes with each other all the time Blow powder system.Double Cyclone Burner is vertically disposed on arch, it mainly by coal dust input pipe, grid separator, The parts such as bispin air duct, thin powdered coal gas flow tube, racemization blade form.Breeze airflow is by coal dust input pipe, via grid Separator is divided evenly into two parts, into two cyclone cylinders.In each cyclone cylinder, due to the effect of inertial separation, formed Deep or light two strands of breeze airflows, enter burner hearth straight down via cyclone cylinder spout and the outlet of thin powdered coal gas flow tube respectively.Secondary Air It is divided into and encircles the lower two parts of upper and arch.Secondary Air accounts for the 30% of Secondary Air total amount on arch, and annular two is formed beside deep or light air-flow Secondary wind sprays into burner hearth.The lower Secondary Air of arch accounts for the 70% of Secondary Air total amount, by the clearance type spout formed between vertical water-cooling wall Three-level is divided to feed burner hearth.Its structure is as shown in Figure 2.
In view of it is above-mentioned the defects of, the design people is actively subject to research and innovation, to found a kind of W types flame boiler air distribution Method optimizing method, make it with more the value in industry.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind to solve the boiler combustion exhausted property difference of W flame and height Stability difference technical problem during load, improve the W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods of coal dust burn-off rate.
W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method of the present invention, at furnace height about 1/3, front wall and the inside shape of rear wall Into chimney arch, 2 × 12 bispin wind combustors are disposed with arch；Secondary air chamber is provided with lower hearth front-back wall, passes through dividing plate point To encircle the lower secondary air chamber of upper secondary air chamber and arch, according to the position of burner and quantity longitudinal baffle in secondary air chamber under arch It is separated to form independent secondary air chamber, forward and backward each 12 independent air compartments of wall；A pair of bispin wind combustor and independent air compartment 1 Should, wherein front wall is followed successively by burner C1, burner B1, burner C2, burner B2, burner C3, burner from left to right B3, burner C4, burner B4, burner C5, burner B5, burner C6, burner B6；Wall is followed successively by combustion from left to right afterwards Burner D1, burner A1, burner D2, burner combustion device A2, burner D3, burner A3, burner D4, burner A4, Burner D5, burner A5, burner D6, burner A6；The lower Secondary Air of arch be divided into again in vertical direction (D), in (E), Under three strands of (F), the flow of each stock Secondary Air adjusts with baffle plate, by burner hearth encircle on the different baffle plates that go in ring in secondary air box (A, B, C, D, E, F) controls air quantity；
The formula method optimizing specifically includes：
Boiler is obtained under predetermined coal and load, in the operation conditions of different F layer Secondary Air tilt angled downs, wherein Described operation conditions comprises at least：NOx, CO, O2 of economizer exit flue gas；NOx, CO, O2 of air preheater exiting flue gas；Pot Furnace thermal efficiency；As-fired coal industry, elementary analysis；Flying dust, clinker sampling analysis；Economizer exit flue-gas temperature；Air preheater exports Flue-gas temperature；Raw coal sampling；Environment temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure；
The operation conditions of the boiler of acquisition is analyzed, determines that F wind tilt angled down and D, E wind aperture are：
Wall afterwards：Correspond to burner D1, burner A1, burner D2, burner combustion device A2, burning respectively from left to right Device D3, burner A3, burner D4, burner A4, burner D5, burner A5, burner D6, burner A6 F wind have a down dip Angle：25、25、5、5、30、30、30、30、5、5、25、25；E wind apertures：25、25、5、20、20、20、20、20、5、5、10、 10；D wind apertures：5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5；
Front wall：Correspond to burner C1, burner B1, burner C2, burner B2, burner C3, combustion respectively from left to right Burner B3, burner C4, burner B4, burner C5, burner B5, burner C6, burner B6 F wind tilt angled downs：25、 25、5、5、30、30、30、30、5、5、25、25；E wind apertures：25、25、5、20、20、20、20、20、5、5、10、10；D wind is opened Degree：5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5.
Further, under described predetermined load, the situation of different F wind tilt angled downs specifically includes：(1) in 325MW Under load, boiler operating state under the ゜ of F wind tilt angled down 0,10 ゜, 15 ゜, 20 ゜, 30 ゜；(2) under 300MW loads, F wind angle of declinations Spend boiler operating state under 5 ゜, 10 ゜, 20 ゜, 30 ゜；(3) under 260MW loads, the ゜ of F wind tilt angled down 5,10 ゜, 20 ゜, 30 ゜ cook Stove operation conditions.
Further, in addition on arch SOFA spouts, each four of front-back wall are provided with, wherein three or three liquidate, on the right side of front wall The mode of a spout is set to arrange respectively with rear wall left side.
Further, described W types flame boiler is burnt using fractional combustion mode to coal, is specifically included：Choosing Inflammable coal, the anthracite of predetermined ratio are taken, using inflammable coal and oxygen reaction, turns into first-stage burning；First stage shape Into high-temperature flue gas atmosphere, under the sweeping along of high-temperature flue gas, ignite anthracite, second level burning is formed, wherein inflammable coal Volatile matter content is higher than anthracite, and volatile matter ＞ 25%, and bituminous coal, anthracitic proportioning are more than 1:1.
Further, bituminous coal, anthracitic proportioning are 3:1.
Further, as-fired coal dry ash free basis volatile matter content is maintained at 15% ＜ Vdaf ＜ 20%, as-fired coal low level Caloric value is maintained at 20MJ/kg ＜ Qnet, ar ＜ 22.5MJ/kg, it is necessary to Vdaf ＞ when bituminous coal, meager coal, anthracite fractional combustion 10%.
Further, described W types flame boiler configures four coal pulverizers, and the first coal pulverizer, the 3rd coal pulverizer are used to grind Anthracite, the second coal pulverizer, the 4th coal pulverizer are used to grind bituminous coal, anthracitic mixed coal, the first coal pulverizer, the mill of the 3rd coal pulverizer Outlet temperature is 118 DEG C, and the disintegrating outlet temperature of the 3rd coal pulverizer is 109 DEG C.
Further, aileron longitudinally opens 4 ventilation gaps and inwardly blows Secondary Air, water screen tube external diameter at aileron 120.65mm, centre-to-centre spacing 146.4mm, the pipe gap of water screen tube are 25.4mm, aileron upper and lower part tube outer diameter 69.85mm, water screen tube and aileron upper and lower part pipe are connected by reducer pipe, the water-cooling wall at four ventilation strips of ventilation The external diameter of pipe is less than 120.65mm, and the pipe gap of the water screen tube at four ventilation strips of ventilation is 76.55mm, ventilation strip The total length of aileron pipe is highly arranged to, or is arranged on aileron top half.Further, boiler thermal output calculation formula is such as Under：
In formula：
ηg--- boiler thermal output, %；
Hf--- fuel applications base low heat valve, kJ/kg；
B --- corresponding every kilogram enters the total input physical thermal of stove fuel, kJ/kg；
Every kilogram of L --- boiler enters the total heat loss of stove fuel, is calculated as follows according to this boiler situation：
L=LUC+L'G+Lmf+LH+LMA+Lco+Lβ+LUN
LUCUncompleted burned carbon heat loss, kJ/kg in-lime-ash；
L'G- dry gas loss, kJ/kg；
Lmf- enter heat loss caused by stove fuel reclaimed water point, kJ/kg；
LHHeat loss caused by-hydrogen burning generation moisture, kJ/kg；
LMAHeat loss caused by-moisture in air, kJ/kg；
LCO- due to generation carbon monoxide and caused by heat loss, kJ/kg；
Lβ- surface emissivity and the heat loss of convection current, kJ/kg；
LUN- immeasurability heat loss (takes constant) by boiler factory's design load, kJ/kg.
Further, NOx, CO, O2 measurement of economizer exit flue gas use gridding method, and five measuring points are taken per side flue, Each flue is mixed into a flue gas sample and analyzed, and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of flue, pot are taken per side air preheater exiting flue gas composition Fire grate cigarette smoke components take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of 2 flues；
NOx, CO, O2 measurement of air preheater exiting flue gas equally use gridding method, and five measuring points, Mei Geyan are taken per side flue Road is mixed into a flue gas sample and analyzed, and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of flue, boiler exhaust gas are taken per side air preheater exiting flue gas composition Smoke components take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of 2 flues；
Economizer exit flue-gas temperature uses grid survey, and the arithmetic average per each measurement point of side draw is average as outlet Flue-gas temperature；
The measurement of air preheater exit gas temperature uses gridding method, totally 2 flues, per the average flue-gas temperature in side air preheater outlet Take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of measurement point.
By such scheme, the present invention at least has advantages below：
(1) by adjusting the wind direction for encircleing lower Secondary Air and entering burner hearth., can when the actual burning coal off-design value of boiler The lower Secondary Air angle of inclination of optimal arch is determined according to different atures of coal, the high coal dust firing thermal efficiency can be obtained, while can prevent again The only flame impingement furnace hopper caused by tilt angled down is excessive, so as to cause the Serious Slagging of burner hearth.The lower Secondary Air of arch is suitable Angle of inclination under enter burner hearth, flame travel can be extended, lower hearth flame degree of filling is strengthened, and can improve the after-flame effect of coal dust Fruit.
(2) encircle lower Secondary Air and be sent into burner hearth along certain angle of inclination, delayed a breeze airflow and encircleed lower Secondary Air Meet too early, while also postponed the collision of the lower front-back wall Secondary Air of arch, therefore boiler combustion stability can be guaranteed；Total Air output can increase substantially, and can effectively solve the problems, such as to add wind difficulty under boiler high load capacity, reduce due to boiler operatiopn wind Relatively low caused gas and solid-unburning hot loss are measured, CO content in smoke is reduced to 0, and fly ash combustible material reduces, boiler The thermal efficiency can improve.
(3) the W type flame furnaces of the technology are used, improve coal adaptability, improve the stabilization burnt under boiler high load capacity Property.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention, And can be practiced according to the content of specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is W flame boiler combustion mechanism figure；
Fig. 2 is W type flame boiler sketches；
Burner arrangement schematic diagram on Fig. 3 chimney arch of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the lower overfire air port arrangement schematic diagram of arch；
Fig. 5 Secondary Airs of the present invention have a down dip device overall structure main view profile；
The lower Secondary Air inclination angle pendulous device structural representation of Fig. 6 present invention arch；
The A-A sectional views of the independent air compartment of Fig. 7 present invention；
The scheme of installation of Fig. 8 present invention regulations blade, regulating arm and rotary shaft；
Fig. 9 pull bars of the present invention, cursor, the connection diagram of regulating arm and connecting rod；
Burner 1, dividing plate 2 first adjust blade 3, lower secondary air chamber 4, connecting rod 5, pull bar 6, uniform flow orifice 7, regulating arm 8, Cursor 9, post-tensioning water screen tube 10, vertical water screen tube 11, burner hearth 12, the first midfeather 13, lateral partitions 14, the second mediastinum Plate 15, second adjusts blade 16, the 3rd midfeather 17, the 4th midfeather 18, rotary shaft 19, layback water screen tube 20, wide seam wind Room 21, narrow slit air compartment 22, pin-and-hole 24, sliding groove 25.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below Example is used to illustrate the present invention, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 8 at furnace height about 1/3, front wall and rear wall are inwardly formed chimney arch, and 2 × 12 are disposed with arch Individual bispin wind combustor, wherein front wall are followed successively by burner C1, burner B1, burner C2, burner B2, burning from left to right Device C3, burner B3, burner C4, burner B4, burner C5, burner B5, burner C6, burner B6；Wall is by a left side afterwards Burner D1, burner A1, burner D2, burner combustion device A2, burner D3, burner A3, burner are followed successively by the right side D4, burner A4, burner D5, burner A5, burner D6, burner A6.Cyclone formula burner is distributed by a glazing bar Case, two cyclone cylinders, two main burning spouts, two vent dampers, two lack of gas spouts and corresponding pipeline composition.First air wind After powder mixture enters glazing bar distributor box by pipeline, it is divided into two strands of equal jets and tangentially enters two rotations respectively In air duct, fuel is separated under the action of the centrifugal force, and vent damper of the coal powder density by filling in blast pipe adjusts, Spin intensity is adjusted by the racemization blade in main burner.Combustion-supporting secondary air separating from ring header be vault wind and The lower water-cooling wall vertical wall wind of arch.Vault wind is divided into three strands again：One with the concentric spout of lack of gas spout by being sent into stove (A), another stock also has one to be used for combustion-assistant ignition with oil gun (C) by being sent into the concentric spout of main burner in stove (B). The lower Secondary Air of arch be divided into again in vertical direction (D), in (E), under three strands of (F).G baffle plates are control aileron anti-coking wind.Respectively The flow of stock Secondary Air can be adjusted with baffle plate.Upper furnace arranges pendant superheater, furnace arch, furnace nose top and lobby arrangement There are high temperature superheater, high temperature reheater, reheat steam temperature is adjusted using gas baffle.Every stove air and flue system is furnished with two three points of storehouses Rotary regenerative air preheater, two Rotar Blade-Adjustable Axial Forced Draft Fans, two adjusting rotor blade axial-flow type air-introduced machines；Secondary Air uses Air stage feeding mode, by burner hearth encircle on go in ring secondary air box in different baffle plates (A, B, C, D, E, F) control air quantity.
As shown in Fig. 3 to 8, the present embodiment W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods, there is the lower Secondary Air of arch can incline The device of angular oscillatory motion, it can be solved, and Secondary Air angle of inclination can not be adjusted under coal varitation rear arch, and fail to incline by guide vane Rake angle enters burner hearth, it is difficult to the problem of improving coal dust burn-off rate.Including pull bar, regulating arm, regulation blade, midfeather.
Secondary air chamber is provided with lower hearth front-back wall, the upper secondary air chamber of arch and the lower secondary air chamber of arch are divided into by dividing plate. Independent secondary air chamber, front-back wall are separated to form with longitudinal baffle according to the position of burner and quantity in secondary air chamber under arch Each 12 independent air compartments.
As shown in figure 3, in the independent air compartment of corresponding each burner, wherein front wall be followed successively by from left to right burner C1, Burner B1, burner C2, burner B2, burner C3, burner B3, burner C4, burner B4, burner C5, burning Device B5, burner C6, burner B6；Wall is followed successively by burner D1, burner A1, burner D2, burner combustion from left to right afterwards Burner A2, burner D3, burner A3, burner D4, burner A4, burner D5, burner A5, burner D6, burner A6；
In the independent air compartment of corresponding each burner, formed between post-tensioning water screen tube and two neighboring vertical water screen tube Rectangle spout.Eight pieces of regulation blades are set in each air compartment interior edge furnace height direction, and the installation of regulation blade is on the rotating shaft. Every piece of regulation middle part of blade position is connected with rotary shaft 19.Rotary shaft in sustained height, same independent air compartment Through first, second, third, fourth midfeather, blade connection will be adjusted in each air compartment, is arranged on by rotary shaft in air compartment, Then there are eight rotary shafts in each air compartment interior edge furnace height direction.Affixed regulating arm 8 in every rotary shaft 19, regulating arm 8 are logical Cross hinge with connecting rod 5 to be connected, eight rotary shafts 19 are connected.Cursor 9 is installed in a rotary shaft 19 wherein, Cylinder lever connecting rod 6 on cursor 9.It is connected through the hinge between pull bar 6 and cursor 9, the position that cursor 9 is hinged with pull bar 6 is set Sliding groove 25 is equipped with, the end of pull bar 6 is provided with pin-and-hole 24 with the position that cursor 9 is connected.
When the actual burning coal off-design value of boiler, according to the lower Secondary Air angle of inclination of different atures of coal adjustment arch.
By the way that regulation blade tilt pendulous device, the lower Secondary Air of regulation arch are set in secondary air chamber under W type flame furnace archs Into the wind direction of burner hearth.When the actual burning coal off-design value of boiler, can be determined according to different atures of coal secondary under optimal arch Wind angle of inclination, high Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder can be obtained, while the flame impingement caused by tilt angled down is excessive can be prevented again Furnace hopper, so as to cause the Serious Slagging of burner hearth.The lower Secondary Air of arch enters burner hearth under suitable angle of inclination, can extend fire Flame stroke, lower hearth flame degree of filling are strengthened, and can improve the after-flame effect of coal dust.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods, it is characterised in that in furnace height about At 1/3, front wall and rear wall are inwardly formed chimney arch, and 2 × 12 bispin wind combustors are disposed with arch；Set on lower hearth front-back wall There is secondary air chamber, the upper secondary air chamber of arch and the lower secondary air chamber of arch are divided into by dividing plate, according to burner in secondary air chamber under arch Position and quantity independent secondary air chamber, forward and backward each 12 independent air compartments of wall are separated to form with longitudinal baffle；Cyclone fires Burner and independent air compartment correspond, and wherein front wall is followed successively by burner C1, burner B1, burner C2, burning from left to right Device B2, burner C3, burner B3, burner C4, burner B4, burner C5, burner B5, burner C6, burner B6； Wall is followed successively by burner D1, burner A1, burner D2, burner combustion device A2, burner D3, burner from left to right afterwards A3, burner D4, burner A4, burner D5, burner A5, burner D6, burner A6；The lower Secondary Air of arch is in vertical direction It is upper be divided into again (D), in (E), under three strands of (F), the flow of each stock Secondary Air adjusts with baffle plate, by burner hearth encircle on it is belt Different baffle plates (A, B, C, D, E, F) control air quantity in secondary air box；
The formula method optimizing specifically includes：
Boiler is obtained under predetermined coal and load, in the operation conditions of different F layer Secondary Air tilt angled downs, wherein Described operation conditions comprises at least：NOx, CO, O2 of economizer exit flue gas；NOx, CO, O2 of air preheater exiting flue gas；Pot Furnace thermal efficiency；As-fired coal industry, elementary analysis；Flying dust, clinker sampling analysis；Economizer exit flue-gas temperature；Air preheater exports Flue-gas temperature；Raw coal sampling；Environment temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure；
The operation conditions of the boiler of acquisition is analyzed, determines that F wind tilt angled down and D, E wind aperture are：
Wall afterwards：Correspond to burner D1, burner A1, burner D2, burner combustion device A2, burner respectively from left to right D3, burner A3, burner D4, burner A4, burner D5, burner A5, burner D6, burner A6 F wind angle of declinations Degree：25、25、5、5、30、30、30、30、5、5、25、25；E wind apertures：25、25、5、20、20、20、20、20、5、5、10、10；D Wind aperture：5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5；
Front wall：Correspond to burner C1, burner B1, burner C2, burner B2, burner C3, combustion respectively from left to right Burner B3, burner C4, burner B4, burner C5, burner B5, burner C6, burner B6 F wind tilt angled downs：25、 25、5、5、30、30、30、30、5、5、25、25；E wind apertures：25、25、5、20、20、20、20、20、5、5、10、10；D wind is opened Degree：5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5.
Namely such as following table：
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods, also include being provided with arch on the basis of embodiment 1 SOFA spouts, each four of front-back wall, wherein three or three liquidate, the mode cloth of a spout is set respectively on the right side of front wall and on the left of rear wall Put.
Because boiler reheater has more serious overheating problem, usually operation uses the side of stoppage in transit overtemperature region nozzles Formula solves reheater overtemperatute.
Think that boiler centre position energy comparison is concentrated, delayed by way of adjusting the air distribution of F wind tilt angled down and F wind Solve this symptom.
F wind tilt angled down and D, E wind aperture are using the formula mode described in following table, and such method of operation is to reducing reheating Wall, which gently reduces unburned carbon in flue dust, relatively good effect.
F layer Secondary Airs have a down dip adjustable flow apron to reduce unburned carbon in flue dust have obvious effect, load is bigger, and effect is got over It is good, during 325MW loads F wind have a down dip 30 ゜ unburned carbon in flue dust when can decline 10.82%, 300MW loads the F wind 20 ゜ flying dusts that have a down dip contain The F wind 20 ゜ unburned carbon in flue dust that have a down dip can decline 2.72% when carbon amounts can decline 3.13%, 260MW loads, if integrated regulation Under, 20 ゜ that have a down dip are relatively good to the effect for reducing unburned carbon in flue dust.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods, the W types boiler is using fractional combustion mode to coal Burnt, specifically included：The inflammable coal of predetermined ratio, anthracite are chosen, using inflammable coal and oxygen reaction, turns into the Single-stage combustion；The high-temperature flue gas atmosphere that first stage is formed, under the sweeping along of high-temperature flue gas, ignite anthracite, forms the second level Burning, wherein the volatile matter content of inflammable coal is higher than anthracite, and volatile matter ＞ 25%, bituminous coal, anthracitic proportioning are more than 1:1.Preferably, bituminous coal, anthracitic proportioning are 3:1.
In the present embodiment, described W types flame boiler configures four coal pulverizers, and the first coal pulverizer, the 3rd coal pulverizer are used for Anthracite is ground, the second coal pulverizer, the 4th coal pulverizer be used to grind bituminous coal, anthracitic mixed coal, the first coal pulverizer, the 3rd coal pulverizer Disintegrating outlet temperature is 118 DEG C, and the disintegrating outlet temperature of the 3rd coal pulverizer is 109 DEG C.As-fired coal dry ash free basis volatile matter content is protected To hold in 15% ＜ Vdaf ＜ 20%, as-fired coal low heat valve is maintained at 20MJ/kg ＜ Qnet, ar ＜ 22.5MJ/kg, bituminous coal, , it is necessary to Vdaf ＞ 10% when meager coal, anthracite fractional combustion.
In the present embodiment, the characteristics of W type flame boilers use anthracite, ignition distance is long is made full use of, passes through proportioning one Quantitative inflammable coal, at the initial stage of burning, make full use of inflammable coal volatile matter height, the spy that activation energy is smaller, ignition temperature is low Point, quickly reaches ignition point, with oxygen reaction, turns into first-stage burning；The high-temperature flue gas atmosphere that first stage is formed, in high temperature Under the sweeping along of flue gas, the burning-point that ignites is higher, volatile matter is low anthracite, second level burning is formed.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment W type flame boiler air distribution mode optimization methods, on the basis of embodiment 1, in order to improve under boiler Burner hearth coking situation.Aileron longitudinally opens 4 ventilation gaps and inwardly blows Secondary Air, water screen tube external diameter 120.65mm at aileron, in For the heart away from for 146.4mm, pipe gap is 25.4mm, aileron upper and lower part tube outer diameter 69.85mm, by reducer pipe by both ends Connect, the extra heavy pipe at four ventilation strips of ventilation is replaced by tubule, and pipe gap is 76.55mm, and the height of ventilation strip is arranged to The total length of aileron pipe, or it is arranged on aileron top half.
Aileron longitudinally opens 4 ventilation gaps and inwardly blows Secondary Air, and water screen tube external diameter is larger (120.65mm) at aileron, in The heart is away from for 146.4mm, and pipe gap is 25.4mm, and aileron upper and lower part tube outer diameter is smaller (69.85mm), and original design is logical Cross reducer pipe to connect both ends, the extra heavy pipe at four ventilation strips that only will need to need to divulge information is replaced by tubule (by top concentric reducer Position moves down), pipe gap can become a width of 76.55mm, and ventilation effect is good, can prevent aileron water screen tube large area knot Jiao, increase the anti-scorch wind prioritization scheme of aileron.The height of ventilation strip may be configured as the total length of aileron pipe, can also be provided only on the wing Wall top half, ventilation strip is longer, and effect is more obvious.
Aileron wall with refractory lining, refracto is not necessary to large area removal in this way, only need to remove defending on each 1 pipe in ventilation slot both sides Combustion band is smaller to combustion effects.In this scheme, after top concentric reducer position moves down, analyzed according to water circulation calculation, can be straight The light pipe with same specification is connect, water circulation calculation is safe.
Reduce refractory belt area
According to similarity theory, suggest for aileron wall with refractory lining, refracto handling suggestion as follows：Aileron pipe water circulation is safe；If Aileron wall with refractory lining, refracto is removed, the fin end temperature of portion's fin can be made to easily cause fin close to 600 DEG C and cross cause thermal damage.So from boiler Long-term safety set out and typically do not remove wall with refractory lining, refracto at this.
Wall with refractory lining, refracto modification scheme one
According to actual motion boiler design, the operating experience of domestic more boilers, if running ature of coal from now on reference to this engineering Situation (Vdaf >=15%), wall with refractory lining, refracto modification scheme one implement (area of wall with refractory lining, refracto with it is minimum not throw oily steady combustion load relevant, The two is inversely).It is expected that minimum do not throw oily steady combustion load≤45%BMCR.
Wall with refractory lining, refracto modification scheme two
If this engineering will run the situation (Vdaf≤12%) of ature of coal from now on, wall with refractory lining, refracto transformation refers to the (wall with refractory lining, refracto of scheme two Area with it is minimum not throw oily steady combustion load relevant, the two inversely).It is expected that minimum do not throw oily steady combustion load≤40% BMCR
Wall with refractory lining, refracto modification scheme three
If this engineering will run the situation (Vdaf≤12%) of ature of coal from now on, with reference to the actual lateral thinking of owner, wall with refractory lining, refracto Transformation refer to scheme three (area of wall with refractory lining, refracto with it is minimum not throw the oily load that surely fires relevant, the two inversely), it is contemplated that most It is low not throw oily steady combustion load≤40%BMCR.
Boiler coke situation is obviously improved after implementation.There is no bulk coking, only thickness deficiency at former aileron 50mm loose coke button, does not threaten to unit safety operation.Front-back wall coking situation is also greatly improved, and coke button is thick Degree is obviously reduced.NOx emission also reduced.
In the various embodiments described above, NOx, CO, O2 measurement of economizer exit flue gas use gridding method, and five are taken per side flue Measuring point, each flue are mixed into a flue gas sample and analyzed, and the arithmetic average of flue is taken per side air preheater exiting flue gas composition Value, boiler discharging flue gas composition take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of 2 flues；
NOx, CO, O2 measurement of air preheater exiting flue gas equally use gridding method, and five measuring points, Mei Geyan are taken per side flue Road is mixed into a flue gas sample and analyzed, and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of flue, boiler exhaust gas are taken per side air preheater exiting flue gas composition Smoke components take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of 2 flues；
Economizer exit flue-gas temperature uses grid survey, and the arithmetic average per each measurement point of side draw is average as outlet Flue-gas temperature；
The measurement of air preheater exit gas temperature uses gridding method, totally 2 flues, per the average flue-gas temperature in side air preheater outlet Take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of measurement point.
In the various embodiments described above, boiler thermal output calculation formula is as follows：
In formula：
ηg--- boiler thermal output, %；
Hf--- fuel applications base low heat valve, kJ/kg；
B --- corresponding every kilogram enters the total input physical thermal of stove fuel, kJ/kg；
Every kilogram of L --- boiler enters the total heat loss of stove fuel, is calculated as follows according to this boiler situation：
L=LUC+L'G+Lmf+LH+LMA+Lco+Lβ+LUN
LUCUncompleted burned carbon heat loss, kJ/kg in-lime-ash；
L'G- dry gas loss, kJ/kg；
Lmf- enter heat loss caused by stove fuel reclaimed water point, kJ/kg；
LHHeat loss caused by-hydrogen burning generation moisture, kJ/kg；
LMAHeat loss caused by-moisture in air, kJ/kg；
LCO- due to generation carbon monoxide and caused by heat loss, kJ/kg；
Lβ- surface emissivity and the heat loss of convection current, kJ/kg；
LUN- immeasurability heat loss (takes constant) by boiler factory's design load, kJ/kg.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that for this skill For the those of ordinary skill in art field, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, can also make it is some improvement and Modification, these improvement and modification also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method, it is characterised in that at furnace height about 1/3, front wall and rear wall Chimney arch is inwardly formed, 2 × 12 bispin wind combustors are disposed with arch；Secondary air chamber is provided with lower hearth front-back wall, is passed through Dividing plate, which is divided into, encircles above secondary air chamber and the lower secondary air chamber of arch, is used and indulged according to the position of burner and quantity in secondary air chamber under arch Independent secondary air chamber, forward and backward each 12 independent air compartments of wall are separated to form to dividing plate；Bispin wind combustor and independent air compartment one One correspondence, wherein front wall are followed successively by burner C1, burner B1, burner C2, burner B2, burner C3, combustion from left to right Burner B3, burner C4, burner B4, burner C5, burner B5, burner C6, burner B6；Wall is from left to right successively afterwards For burner D1, burner A1, burner D2, burner combustion device A2, burner D3, burner A3, burner D4, burner A4, burner D5, burner A5, burner D6, burner A6；The lower Secondary Air of arch be divided into again in vertical direction (D), in (E) three strands of (F) under, the flow of each stock Secondary Air are adjusted with baffle plate, by burner hearth encircle on go in ring secondary air box in difference Baffle plate (A, B, C, D, E, F) controls air quantity；
    Characterized in that, the formula method optimizing specifically includes：
    Boiler is obtained under predetermined coal and load, in the operation conditions of different F layer Secondary Air tilt angled downs, wherein described Operation conditions comprise at least：NOx, CO, O2 of economizer exit flue gas；NOx, CO, O2 of air preheater exiting flue gas；Boiler hot Efficiency；As-fired coal industry, elementary analysis；Flying dust, clinker sampling analysis；Economizer exit flue-gas temperature；Air preheater exiting flue gas Temperature；Raw coal sampling；Environment temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure；
    The operation conditions of the boiler of acquisition is analyzed, determines that F wind tilt angled down and D, E wind aperture are：
    Wall afterwards：Correspond to respectively from left to right burner D1, burner A1, burner D2, burner combustion device A2, burner D3, Burner A3, burner D4, burner A4, burner D5, burner A5, burner D6, burner A6 F wind tilt angled downs： 25、25、5、5、30、30、30、30、5、5、25、25；E wind apertures：25、25、5、20、20、20、20、20、5、5、10、10；D wind Aperture：5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5；
    Front wall：Correspond to burner C1, burner B1, burner C2, burner B2, burner C3, burner respectively from left to right B3, burner C4, burner B4, burner C5, burner B5, burner C6, burner B6 F wind tilt angled downs：25、25、 5、5、30、30、30、30、5、5、25、25；E wind apertures：25、25、5、20、20、20、20、20、5、5、10、10；D wind apertures：5、 5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5、5。
  2. 2. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described predetermined negative Under lotus, the situation of different F wind tilt angled downs specifically includes：(1) under 325MW loads, the ゜ of F wind tilt angled down 0,10 ゜, 15 ゜, Boiler operating state under 20 ゜, 30 ゜；(2) under 300MW loads, boiler operatiopn shape under the ゜ of F wind tilt angled down 5,10 ゜, 20 ゜, 30 ゜ Condition；(3) under 260MW loads, boiler operating state under the ゜ of F wind tilt angled down 5,10 ゜, 20 ゜, 30 ゜.
  3. 3. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that also include on arch Provided with SOFA spouts, each four of front-back wall, wherein three or three liquidate, the side of a spout is set respectively on the right side of front wall and on the left of rear wall Formula is arranged.
  4. 4. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described W type flames Boiler is burnt using fractional combustion mode to coal, is specifically included：Choose inflammable coal, the anthracite of predetermined ratio, profit With inflammable coal and oxygen reaction, turn into first-stage burning；The high-temperature flue gas atmosphere that first stage is formed, in wrapping up in for high-temperature flue gas Hold under the arm down, ignite anthracite, second level burning is formed, wherein the volatile matter content of inflammable coal is higher than anthracite, and volatile matter ＞ 25%, bituminous coal, anthracitic proportioning are more than 1:1.
  5. 5. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that bituminous coal, anthracitic Match as 3:1.
  6. 6. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that as-fired coal dries nothing Grey base volatile matter content is maintained at 15% ＜ Vdaf ＜ 20%, and as-fired coal low heat valve is maintained at 20MJ/kg ＜ Qnet, ar ＜ 22.5MJ/kg, it is necessary to Vdaf ＞ 10% when bituminous coal, meager coal, anthracite fractional combustion.
  7. 7. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described W type flames Boiler configures four coal pulverizers, and the first coal pulverizer, the 3rd coal pulverizer are used to grind anthracite, and the second coal pulverizer, the 4th coal pulverizer are used In mill bituminous coal, anthracitic mixed coal, the first coal pulverizer, the disintegrating outlet temperature of the 3rd coal pulverizer are 118 DEG C, the mill of the 3rd coal pulverizer Outlet temperature is 109 DEG C.
  8. 8. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aileron longitudinally opens 4 Ventilation gaps inwardly blow Secondary Air, water screen tube external diameter 120.65mm, centre-to-centre spacing 146.4mm, the pipe of water screen tube at aileron Sub- gap is 25.4mm, aileron upper and lower part tube outer diameter 69.85mm, and water screen tube and aileron upper and lower part pipe pass through Reducer pipe connects, and the external diameter of the water screen tube at four ventilation strips of ventilation is less than 120.65mm, at four ventilation strips of ventilation The pipe gap of water screen tube be 76.55mm, the height of ventilation strip is arranged to the total length of aileron pipe, or is arranged on aileron Top half.
  9. 9. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that boiler thermal output meter It is as follows to calculate formula：
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;eta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>100</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mi>f</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <mn>100</mn> </mrow>
    In formula：
    ηg--- boiler thermal output, %；
    Hf--- fuel applications base low heat valve, kJ/kg；
    B --- corresponding every kilogram enters the total input physical thermal of stove fuel, kJ/kg；
    Every kilogram of L --- boiler enters the total heat loss of stove fuel, is calculated as follows according to this boiler situation：
    L=LUC+L'G+Lmf+LH+LMA+Lco+Lβ+LUN
    LUCUncompleted burned carbon heat loss, kJ/kg in-lime-ash；
    L′G- dry gas loss, kJ/kg；
    Lmf- enter heat loss caused by stove fuel reclaimed water point, kJ/kg；
    LHHeat loss caused by-hydrogen burning generation moisture, kJ/kg；
    LMAHeat loss caused by-moisture in air, kJ/kg；
    LCO- due to generation carbon monoxide and caused by heat loss, kJ/kg；
    Lβ- surface emissivity and the heat loss of convection current, kJ/kg；
    LUN- immeasurability heat loss (takes constant) by boiler factory's design load, kJ/kg.
  10. 10. W types flame boiler air distribution mode optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
    NOx, CO, O2 measurement of economizer exit flue gas use gridding method, take five measuring points per side flue, each flue is mixed into One flue gas sample is analyzed, and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of flue, boiler discharging flue gas composition are taken per side air preheater exiting flue gas composition Take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of 2 flues；
    NOx, CO, O2 measurement of air preheater exiting flue gas equally use gridding method, take five measuring points per side flue, each flue mixes One flue gas sample of synthesis is analyzed, and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of flue, boiler discharging flue gas are taken per side air preheater exiting flue gas composition Composition takes the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of 2 flues；
    Economizer exit flue-gas temperature uses grid survey, and the arithmetic average per each measurement point of side draw is as the average flue gas in outlet Temperature.
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CN108278630A (en) * 2018-01-18 2018-07-13 浙江浙能兰溪发电有限责任公司 The SCR denitration control system and method for coal unit
CN110006034A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-07-12 大唐桂冠合山发电有限公司 Reduce the optimization air distribution method of W type flame furnace NOx emission and clinker coking

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CN108278630A (en) * 2018-01-18 2018-07-13 浙江浙能兰溪发电有限责任公司 The SCR denitration control system and method for coal unit
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