CN104791772B - Low-nitrogen combustion stokerfeed boiler with two-stage smoke recirculation function - Google Patents

Low-nitrogen combustion stokerfeed boiler with two-stage smoke recirculation function Download PDF

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CN104791772B
CN104791772B CN201510228409.3A CN201510228409A CN104791772B CN 104791772 B CN104791772 B CN 104791772B CN 201510228409 A CN201510228409 A CN 201510228409A CN 104791772 B CN104791772 B CN 104791772B
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air
flue gas
recirculation
combustion
smoke
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CN104791772A (en
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凌忠钱
况敏
谭立武
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Wuxi Space Clear Environmental Project Equipment Co Ltd
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Wuxi Space Clear Environmental Project Equipment Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-nitrogen combustion stokerfeed boiler with a two-stage smoke recirculation function. Segmentation wind supply is adopted for a fire grate combustion region, and over-fire air is deployed above the secondary air in a suspended combustion region so as to organize staged combustion; smoke with the low temperature ranging from about 250 degrees to 300 degrees is extracted from a tail smoke channel and sent into a plurality of wind chambers in the front of a fire grate so as to organize the first-level smoke recirculation in the fire grate combustion region; reducibility smoke with volatile component N, namely smoke with the medium temperature ranging from about 450 DEG C to 500 DEG C is extracted from the lower region of a front arch and jet into a burnout region below a furnace arch of a hearth at a high speed to be used for organizing the second-level smoke recirculation in the hearth burnout region. With the help of two-layer staged combustion of the fire grate combustion region and the suspension combustion region and smoke recirculation in the fire grate combustion region, NOx generation is inhibited greatly; furthermore, with the help of the medium-temperature reducibility flue smoke of the second-level smoke recirculation, NO generated in the ascending smoke in the burnout region is reverted to N2, and finally efficient low-nitrogen combustion of the stokerfeed boiler is achieved.

Description

There is the low nitrogen burning chain furnace of two-stage flue gas recirculation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chain furnace is and in particular to a kind of low nitrogen burning chain furnace with two-stage flue gas recirculation, Belong to combustion of industrial boiler technical field.
Background technology
Chain furnace is extensively applied in China's coal-burned industrial boiler.On combustion method, chain furnace is advanced with constant speed Based on the combustion of fire grate layer, it is aided with the suspension combustion that in fire grate upper area, fine particle builds.Its air distribution is sent into fire grate bottom First air occupies supplemented by leading, fire grate top secondary wind.From burning theory, by means of rational primary and secondary air distribution and Distribution between each air compartment in fire grate bottom for the First air, chain furnace can avoid no in theoryxA large amount of generations.But in reality In operation, for ensureing the combustion of fire grate layer and the preferable after-flame of suspension combustion, burn early stage and primary zone and fire grate top in fire grate High temperature suspension combustion area need to send into high wind so that a large amount of fuel bound nitrogens separate out under oxygen-enriched atmosphere and are oxidized to no in stovex, lead to many Number chain furnace noxDischarge reaches about 500mg/m3This higher level.According to new " emission standard of air pollutants for boilers " (gb13271-2014), the chain furnace no of key areaxIt is 200mg/m that highest allows concentration of emission3.How to ensure after-flame Under the conditions of chain furnace no is greatly loweredxDischarge, this has become current industrial boiler noxA difficult problem for emission reduction work.
From economy point, low nitrogen burning is undoubtedly chain furnace noxThe first-selection reducing discharging, however, up to the present chain The application of bar oven low nitrogen burning is rarely reported, and traces it to its cause and is: the regular air fractional combustion being applied to coal-powder boiler is in chain Produce little effect on stove, in current industry, there is no the report of the efficient low-NO_x combustion technology being applied to chain furnace.Chain furnace fire grate bottom Portion need to send into high wind to ensure slag after-flame, though suspension combustion area combustion share is relatively low, its next-door neighbour fire grate upper area and warm Degree is higher, and by the air stage feeding of traditional idea design, (i.e. fire grate air zoning and arch secondary wind spray into suspension as classification wind Combustion zone) substantially and not yet in effect structure fractional combustion effect.In view of the fuel n conversion ratio in fire grate combustion zone and suspension combustion area Directly determine the no of boilerxDischarge capacity, from low nitrogen burning angle, need to control fuel n to change into no as far as possiblexRatio, simultaneously Manage reproducibility flue gas using Volatile region in stove come high concentration no already having generated in reduction furnacex, thus realizing From burned angle low cost, significantly suppress noxGenerate.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to solving the chain furnace no that background technology refers toxDischarging high and existing combustion technology cannot Realize efficiently low noxThe problem of burning, and then provide a kind of low nitrogen burning chain furnace with two-stage flue gas recirculation.
Compared to prior art, in the present invention, low no realized by chain furnacexThe principle of burning is: 1) fire grate combustion zone and outstanding Air classification is organized in floating combustion zone.Fire grate combustion zone adopt air zoning method air distribution, the existing secondary wind in suspension combustion area with Upper certain position arranges burnout degree, makes Volatile, catches fire and early stage of burning is in and carries out under oxygen-lean atmosphere, in oxygen-lean atmosphere Lower the fuel bound nitrogen of release is changed into n2Rather than it is oxidized to nox;2) fire grate combustion zone tissue first order flue gas recirculation.From chain The low-temperature flue gas that stove back-end ductwork extracts about 250 ~ 300 DEG C send into several air compartments of chain furnace front portion, with First air in air compartment Participate in burning through fire grate after mutually mixing, play dilution oxygen concentration, reduce ignition temperature and combustion intensity, postponement in fire grate combustion zone Flame mechanism and reduce noxGenerate;3) along the burning-out zone tissue second level flue gas recirculation on furnace height direction.Chain furnace its The drying of corresponding coal, preheating and Volatile region below face arch, because of less air-supply and coal seam is heated and separates out volatilization in a large number Point, form the reproducibility flue gas (i.e. about 450 ~ 500 DEG C of moderate oven cigarette) containing a large amount of volatile matters n, pass through to follow again in this region Ring blower fan extracts this and contains n reproducibility flue gas, relends the burning-out zone helping below booster fan high speed feeding burner hearth furnace arch, furnace nose thereafter, In this flue gas under reducing atmosphere, the no of a large amount of generations already in up for burning-out zone flue gas can be reduced into n by volatile matters n2, and Non- in oxidizing flame with a large amount of o, oh and o2Deng atomic group reaction generation nco, (usual nco will further aoxidize generation No), thus reducing no further x Discharge.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is: a kind of low nitrogen burning chain with two-stage flue gas recirculation Bar oven, is made up of burner hearth, feeder, traveling-grate stoker, slag bucket and back-end ductwork, and described burner hearth is divided into by front chimney arch and rear chimney arch Lower two parts, the top of described burner hearth is divided including front wall, rear wall and furnace arch, furnace nose, is disposed with province in described back-end ductwork from top to bottom Coal device and air preheater, the area of space of described traveling-grate stoker parcel is disposed with multiple air compartments, multiple air compartment edges Chain fire-gate direct of travel arranges in " one " word, and the outlet of a plurality of air compartment is communicated with described traveling-grate stoker, in order to First air needed for supply coal combustion;Described chain furnace is also pre- between described economizer and described air in described back-end ductwork Between hot device, low temperature recirculation stove cigarette is extracted in position, and described low temperature recirculation stove cigarette sends into several of described traveling-grate stoker front portion A described air compartment, for organizing first order flue gas recirculation in fire grate combustion zone;Described chain furnace is also in described front chimney arch Central region is provided with moderate oven cigarette extraction opening, has the middle temperature recirculation of reducing activity in order to extract described front chimney arch lower zone Stove cigarette, described middle temperature recirculation stove cigarette sprays into the burner hearth burning-out zone below described furnace arch, furnace nose via multiple moderate oven cigarette spouts, uses In in described burner hearth burning-out zone tissue second level flue gas recirculation, described moderate oven cigarette spout be symmetricly set on described front wall and after The middle and upper part of wall and all arranging in " one " word along stove cross direction.
Further, the upper zone of described front chimney arch and described rear chimney arch is respectively disposed with multiple front wall secondary wind sprays Mouthful and multiple rear wall overfire air ports, be used for being passed through secondary wind, the plurality of front wall overfire air port and multiple rear wall secondary wind Spout is all arranged in " one " word along stove cross direction and is connected with described lower furnace portion, and the position of described front wall overfire air port is relatively The position of described rear wall overfire air port is high.
Further, described chain furnace is also arranged symmetrically multiple burnout degree sprays in the bottom of described front wall and described rear wall Mouthful, it is used for being passed through burnout degree, the plurality of fire air nozzle is arranged in " one " word along stove cross direction and connected with described burner hearth.
Further, described First air and low temperature flue gas recycled are joined using segmentation when sending into the plurality of First air interior Send method, be dried in corresponding coal, some air compartments in front portion in Volatile region send into all low temperature flue gas recycleds and About 30% First air, corresponding volatile matters catch fire, the First air of the middle part of coke main burning some air compartments feeding about 50%, right Answer the First air of rear portion some air compartments feeding remaining about 20% of burning-out zone.
Further, the plurality of front wall overfire air port and rear wall overfire air port, multiple fire air nozzle, Duo Gezhong Warm stove cigarette spout corresponds in stove cross direction;Described front wall overfire air port and rear wall overfire air port are respectively relative to level Direction has a down dip 25 ~ 40 ° of angles and 10 ~ 25 ° of angles, and described fire air nozzle and described moderate oven cigarette spout are both with respect under horizontal direction Incline 20 ~ 40 ° of angles;Described secondary wind, burnout degree and middle temperature its spout flow velocity of recirculation stove cigarette are all in the range of 60 ~ 100m/s.
Further, enter the First air of a described air compartment, enter described front wall overfire air port and described rear wall two The secondary wind of secondary wind snout, the burnout degree entering described fire air nozzle, the low temperature of entrance several described air compartments anterior Flue gas recycled, enter described moderate oven cigarette spout middle temperature recirculation stove cigarette all adjustable;Primary air ratio, secondary air ratio, after-flame Wind rate, low temperature flue gas recycled rate and middle temperature flue gas recycled rate control respectively 65 ~ 80%, 10 ~ 15%, 10 ~ 20%, 10 ~ 20% In the range of about 10%, fire grate combustion zone excess air coefficient about 0.75 ~ 0.85, the suspension combustion area that secondary wind sprays into is excessive empty Gas coefficient about 0.95 ~ 1.1, the burning-out zone excess air coefficient about 1.3 that burnout degree sprays into.
In coal-powder boiler, reasonable utilization of fractional combustion and low-temperature flue gas recirculation all can achieve noxReduce discharging more than 30%.This In matter, its denitration effect of playing of the burner hearth burning-out zone moderate oven cigarette recirculation of the present invention similar to the reburning technology of coal-powder boiler, This technology can achieve noxReduce discharging more than 50%.The low nitrogen burning chain furnace with two-stage flue gas recirculation proposed by the present invention, will Air staged combustion technology, fire grate low temp area flue gas recirculation and burner hearth burning-out zone moderate oven cigarette recirculation exquisite combination it is contemplated that Can be by chain furnace about 500mg/m3NoxInitial concentration reduces discharging to about 150mg/m3, thus solving chain furnace no in prior artx Discharge high problem.
Brief description
Fig. 1 be on chamber structure, burning tissues and the burner hearth longitudinal section of the present invention flow field schematic diagram (each stock of in figure sprays into stove The velocity attitude of interior air-flow is all marked using arrow).
In figure each reference implication: 1- burner hearth;1a- front wall;Wall after 1b-;1c- furnace arch, furnace nose;2- feeder;3- chain furnace Row;4- slag bucket;5- back-end ductwork;6-1-air compartment;6-2-First air;Chimney arch before 7a-;Chimney arch after 7b-;8a- front wall Overfire air port;Wall overfire air port after 8b-;8-2-secondary wind;9-1-fire air nozzle;9-2-burnout degree;10- saves Coal device;11- air preheater;12- low temperature flue gas recycled;13-1-moderate oven cigarette extraction opening;13-2-middle temperature recirculation stove Cigarette;14- moderate oven cigarette spout.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the low nitrogen burning chain furnace with two-stage flue gas recirculation of the present invention, described chain furnace is by burner hearth 1st, feeder 2, traveling-grate stoker 3, slag bucket 4 and back-end ductwork 5 form;Described burner hearth 1 is divided into by front chimney arch 7a and rear chimney arch 7b, Lower two parts, and divide including front wall 1a, rear wall 1b and furnace arch, furnace nose 1c on the top of described burner hearth 1;From upper in described back-end ductwork 5 And under be disposed with economizer 10 and air preheater 11;The area of space of described traveling-grate stoker 3 parcel is disposed with multiple First air Room 6-1, a plurality of air compartment 6-1 arrange along the direct of travel of described traveling-grate stoker 3 in " one " word, the plurality of First air The outlet of room 6-1 is communicated with described traveling-grate stoker 3, in order to supply the First air 6-2 needed for coal combustion;In described front chimney arch 7a It is respectively disposed with multiple front wall overfire air port 8a and multiple rear wall overfire air port with the upper zone of described rear chimney arch 7b 8b, is used for being passed through secondary wind 8-2, and the plurality of front wall overfire air port 8a and the plurality of rear wall overfire air port 8b are all along stove Cross direction is arranged in " one " word and is connected with described burner hearth 1 bottom, and described front wall overfire air port 8a position more described after The position of wall overfire air port 8b is high;Described chain furnace is also arranged symmetrically multiple in the bottom of described front wall 1a and described rear wall 1b Fire air nozzle 9-1, is used for being passed through burnout degree 9-2, the plurality of fire air nozzle 9-1 arrange along stove cross direction in " one " word and Connect with described burner hearth 1;Described chain furnace is also in the appropriate location of described back-end ductwork 5 (between described economizer 10 and described Position between air preheater 11) extract low temperature flue gas recycled 12, described in several of described traveling-grate stoker 3 front portion of feeding Air compartment 6-1, for organizing first order flue gas recirculation in fire grate combustion zone;Described chain furnace is also described front chimney arch 7a's Central region is provided with moderate oven cigarette extraction opening 13-1, has the middle temperature of reducing activity in order to extract described front chimney arch 7a lower zone Recirculation stove cigarette 13-2, described middle temperature recirculation stove cigarette 13-2 pass through multiple moderate oven cigarette spout 14 (be symmetricly set on described before The middle and upper part of wall 1a and rear wall 1b and all arrange in " one " word along stove cross direction) spray at a high speed burner hearth below described furnace arch, furnace nose 1c Burning-out zone, in described burner hearth burning-out zone tissue second level flue gas recirculation.
The plurality of overfire air port (comprising described front wall overfire air port 8a and described rear wall overfire air port 8b), many Individual fire air nozzle 9-1, multiple moderate oven cigarette spout 14 correspond in stove cross direction;Described front wall overfire air port 8a and after Wall overfire air port 8b is respectively relative to horizontal direction and has a down dip 25 ~ 40 ° of angles and 10 ~ 25 ° of angles, described fire air nozzle 9-1 and institute State moderate oven cigarette spout 14 to have a down dip 20 ~ 40 ° of angles both with respect to horizontal direction;Described secondary wind 8-2, burnout degree 9-2 and middle temperature are again Its spout flow velocity of circulatory stove cigarette 13-2 is all in the range of 60 ~ 100m/s.
The First air 6-2, the described front wall overfire air port 8a of entrance and the described rear wall that enter a described air compartment 6-1 are secondary Secondary wind 8-2 of wind snout 8b, the burnout degree 9-2 entering described fire air nozzle 9-1, entrance several described First air anterior The low temperature flue gas recycled 12 of room 6-1, enter described moderate oven cigarette spout 14 middle temperature recirculation stove cigarette 13-2 all adjustable;Once Wind rate, secondary air ratio, burnout degree rate, low temperature flue gas recycled rate and middle temperature flue gas recycled rate control respectively 65 ~ 80%, 10 ~ 15%th, in the range of 10 ~ 20%, 10 ~ 20% and about 10%, fire grate combustion zone excess air coefficient about 0.75 ~ 0.85, secondary wind sprays into Suspension combustion area excess air coefficient about 0.95 ~ 1.1, the burning-out zone excess air coefficient about 1.3 that burnout degree sprays into.
The distribution of First air 6-2 and low temperature flue gas recycled 12 need to follow certain principle, that is, along described traveling-grate stoker 3 Several air compartment 6-1 of the front portion of direct of travel (correspondence coal drying, Volatile region) send into all low temperature recirculatioies Flue gas 12 and about 30% First air 6-2, several air compartment 6-1 of middle part (corresponding volatile matters catch fire and coke burning main combustion Area) send into about 50% First air 6-2, several air compartment 6-1 of rear portion (corresponding burning-out zone) send into remaining about 20% once Wind 6-2.
The present invention is applied to various middle-size and small-size industrial coal chain-grate boilers.The foregoing is only the preferable enforcement case of the present invention Example, all impartial changes made according to scope of the present invention patent and modification, all should belong to the covering scope of patent of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of low nitrogen burning chain furnace with two-stage flue gas recirculation, by burner hearth (1), feeder (2), traveling-grate stoker (3), Slag bucket (4) and back-end ductwork (5) composition, described burner hearth (1) is divided into upper and lower two parts, institute by front chimney arch (7a) and rear chimney arch (7b) The top stating burner hearth (1) is divided including front wall (1a), rear wall (1b) and furnace arch, furnace nose (1c), in described back-end ductwork (5) from top to bottom Be disposed with economizer (10) and air preheater (11), the area of space that described traveling-grate stoker (3) is wrapped up be disposed with multiple once Air compartment (6-1), multiple air compartments (6-1) arrange along the direct of travel of traveling-grate stoker (3) in " one " word, the plurality of First air The outlet of room (6-1) is communicated with described traveling-grate stoker (3), in order to supply the First air (6-2) needed for coal combustion;Its feature exists In: described chain furnace also described back-end ductwork (5) between described economizer (10) and described air preheater (11) meta Put extraction low temperature recirculation stove cigarette (12), described low temperature recirculation stove cigarette (12) sends into some of described traveling-grate stoker (3) front portion An individual described air compartment (6-1), for organizing first order flue gas recirculation in fire grate combustion zone;Described chain furnace is also before described The central region of chimney arch (7a) is provided with moderate oven cigarette extraction opening (13-1), has in order to extract described front chimney arch (7a) lower zone Middle temperature recirculation stove cigarette (13-2) of reducing activity, described middle temperature recirculation stove cigarette (13-2) is via multiple moderate oven cigarette spouts (14) spray into the burner hearth burning-out zone below described furnace arch, furnace nose (1c), for following again in described burner hearth burning-out zone tissue second level flue gas Ring, described moderate oven cigarette spout (14) is symmetricly set on the middle and upper part of described front wall (1a) and rear wall (1b) and equal along stove cross direction Arrange in " one " word;
Described chain furnace is also arranged symmetrically multiple fire air nozzle (9- in the bottom of described front wall (1a) and described rear wall (1b) 1), be used for being passed through burnout degree (9-2), the plurality of fire air nozzle (9-1) arrange along stove cross direction in " one " word and with described Burner hearth (1) connects;
Described First air (6-2) and low temperature flue gas recycled (12) are sent in a plurality of air compartment (6-1) and are joined using segmentation Send method, that is, some air compartments (6-1) in front portion in correspondence coal drying, Volatile region send into all low temperature recirculation cigarettes Gas (12) and 30% First air (6-2), corresponding volatile matters catch fire, some air compartments (6-1) in the middle part of coke main burning are sent into 50% First air (6-2), some air compartments (6-1) in rear portion of corresponding burning-out zone send into remaining 20% First air (6-2).
2. there is the low nitrogen burning chain furnace of two-stage flue gas recirculation as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: described forehearth The upper zone of arch (7a) and described rear chimney arch (7b) is respectively disposed with multiple front wall overfire air ports (8a) and multiple rear wall Overfire air port (8b), is used for being passed through secondary wind (8-2), the plurality of front wall overfire air port (8a) and multiple rear wall secondary wind Spout (8b) is all arranged in " one " word along stove cross direction and is connected with described burner hearth (1) bottom, and described front wall overfire air port (8a) position of the more described rear wall overfire air port (8b) in position is high.
3. there is the low nitrogen burning chain furnace of two-stage flue gas recirculation as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: the plurality of Front wall overfire air port (8a) and rear wall overfire air port (8b), multiple fire air nozzle (9-1), multiple moderate oven cigarette spout (14) correspond in stove cross direction;Described front wall overfire air port (8a) and rear wall overfire air port (8b) are respectively relative to water Square dip down 25 ~ 40 ° of angles and 10 ~ 25 ° of angles, and described fire air nozzle (9-1) is all relative with described moderate oven cigarette spout (14) Have a down dip 20 ~ 40 ° of angles in horizontal direction;Its spray of described secondary wind (8-2), burnout degree (9-2) and middle temperature recirculation stove cigarette (13-2) Mouth flow velocity is all in the range of 60 ~ 100m/s.
4. there is the low nitrogen burning chain furnace of two-stage flue gas recirculation as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: enter described The First air (6-2) of air compartment (6-1), the described front wall overfire air port (8a) of entrance and described rear wall overfire air port (8b) Secondary wind (8-2), enter the burnout degree (9-2) of described fire air nozzle (9-1), enter several described air compartments anterior (6-1) low temperature flue gas recycled (12), middle temperature recirculation stove cigarette (13-2) of described moderate oven cigarette spout (14) of entrance Adjust;Primary air ratio, secondary air ratio, burnout degree rate, low temperature flue gas recycled rate and middle temperature flue gas recycled rate control respectively 65 ~ 80%th, in the range of 10 ~ 15%, 10 ~ 20%, 10 ~ 20% and 10%, fire grate combustion zone excess air coefficient 0.75 ~ 0.85, secondary wind is sprayed The suspension combustion area excess air coefficient 0.95 ~ 1.1 entering, the burning-out zone excess air coefficient 1.3 that burnout degree sprays into.
CN201510228409.3A 2015-05-07 2015-05-07 Low-nitrogen combustion stokerfeed boiler with two-stage smoke recirculation function Active CN104791772B (en)

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