CN107354478A - A kind of method that microorganism electro synthesis system realizes Resources of Carbon Dioxide - Google Patents
A kind of method that microorganism electro synthesis system realizes Resources of Carbon Dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN107354478A CN107354478A CN201710461719.9A CN201710461719A CN107354478A CN 107354478 A CN107354478 A CN 107354478A CN 201710461719 A CN201710461719 A CN 201710461719A CN 107354478 A CN107354478 A CN 107354478A
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
Provided herein is a kind of method that microorganism electro synthesis system realizes Resources of Carbon Dioxide.Provided herein is a kind of method using microorganism electro synthesis system reducing carbon dioxide, wherein negative electrode uses mixing anaerobic microorganism, and the mixing anaerobic microorganism includes Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.A kind of microorganism electro synthesis system and device is also provided herein, including at least one anode and at least one negative electrode, wherein negative electrode use mixing anaerobic microorganism, the mixing anaerobic microorganism includes Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.Provided herein is method and apparatus using common electrodes material carbon dioxide reduction can be realized into volatile fatty acid, cost-effective while, there is the material of high added value using the mixed thalline system of domestication enrichment, so as to reach good effect at three environment, the energy and resource aspects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that Resources of Carbon Dioxide utilizes, and is directed primarily to utilize microorganism electro synthesis system
The method for reducing carbon dioxide production volatile fatty acid (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid).
Background technology
With the rapid development of economy, consuming fossil fuel excessively causes the excessive emissions of carbon dioxide, and then cause day
The serious greenhouse effects of benefit.Carbon dioxide controls and emission reduction turns into one of vital task of urgent need to resolve all over the world, China
Equally also it is faced with huge emission reduction.Therefore the technology greatly developed carbon dioxide fixation and recycle aspect has weight
The meaning wanted.Wherein has very much a promising reduction mode as one kind, Resources of Carbon Dioxide technology is except can be by carbon dioxide
The organic chemicals of high added value are changed into, while accomplishing truly to become " useless " as " treasured ", can also be brought extremely considerable
Economic benefit.At present, the method for realizing Resources of Carbon Dioxide is numerous, and mainly this is several including following:Bioconversion, electrification
Learn reduction, photo catalytic reduction and catalysis reduction etc..But these methods still have a respective deficiency, for example, condition it is harsh, urge
Agent is expensive, highly energy-consuming etc..
Microorganism electro synthesis system (MES), it is under the jurisdiction of typical microorganism electrolysis cell in microorganism electrochemical system, is one
Kind microorganism is organic into the process of organic matter and driving by carbon dioxide reduction using the electric energy of external voltage offer to negative electrode
The electrochemical reduction technology of the reducing/oxidizing of compound etc..In recent years, MES is increasingly paid close attention to by the world, mainly its
Have great importance in environment, the energy and resource.
The content of the invention
The present invention describes a kind of typical microorganism electro synthesis system and completes Resources of Carbon Dioxide.Its feature be exactly
Realize carbon dioxide reduction into volatile fatty acid using common electrode material (carbon material), mainly including acetic acid, propionic acid and
Butyric acid.While cost-effective, there is the material of high added value using the mixed thalline system of domestication enrichment, so as in environment, energy
Three aspects in source and resource reach good effect.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a kind of side using microorganism electro synthesis system reducing carbon dioxide
Method, wherein negative electrode use mixing anaerobic microorganism, and the mixing anaerobic microorganism includes Proteobacteria, Firmicutes
And Bacteroidetes.In some embodiments, the mixing anaerobic microorganism can further include selected from following
It is one or more:Synergistetes, Euryarchaeota and Chloroflexi.In some embodiments, the mixing
Anaerobe can also further include being selected from following one or more:Spirochaetes, Actinobacteria,
Nitrospirae and Hyd24-12.In some embodiments, the mixed microorganism can also include other microorganisms.
In some embodiments, the source of the mixing anaerobic microorganism is not particularly limited, such as the mixing anaerobic microorganism can
From sludge or can come from the mixing of pure bacterium.In some embodiments, those skilled in the art can be by sludge
Tamed and obtain the mixing anaerobic microorganism.In some embodiments, the sludge of domestication can contain the mixing
One or more in anaerobe.In some embodiments, the sludge of domestication is using the mixing anaerobic microorganism to be excellent
Gesture strain.Sludge can be tamed by methods known in the art to obtain the mixing anaerobic microorganism.At some
In embodiment, those skilled in the art can be required according to actual conditions, electrolysis and the control of product is carried out to acclimation method
Adjustment, to obtain required microorganism.
In some embodiments, method of the invention can be carried out at 10 DEG C -70 DEG C, such as at 10 DEG C, 15 DEG C, 20
DEG C, 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 35 DEG C, 40 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C or its it is any between temperature range enter
OK.In some embodiments, if appropriate, method of the invention can be carried out in higher temperature.In some embodiments
In, method of the invention can be carried out in room temperature.In some embodiments, method of the invention can be in the ring higher than room temperature
Carried out under border or less than in the environment of room temperature.In some embodiments, the side of the present invention is implemented in the environment of higher than room temperature
Method is probably preferable, such as can easily implement the method for the present invention in high temperature environments, without specific temperature
Adjusting means.
In some embodiments, method of the invention can use the electrode of modification or unmodified electrode to carry out.
In some embodiments, method of the invention can use such as carbon electrode, such as graphite particle, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush, carbon
Fiber electrode is carried out.The method of the present invention can use for example unmodified electrode to carry out.The method of the present invention can be with use example
As unmodified carbon electrode is carried out.The present invention method can use for example unmodified graphite particle, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush,
Carbon fiber electrode is carried out.
In some embodiments, carbon dioxide is reduced by the method for the present invention and produces volatile fatty acid.In some realities
Apply in scheme, such as acetic acid is produced by the method for the present invention, propionic acid, any one or more in butyric acid.In some implementations
In scheme, method of the invention produces the aliphatic acid for improving yield.In some embodiments, method of the invention produces raising
The acetic acid of yield, propionic acid, any one or more in butyric acid.In some embodiments, method of the invention produces raising
The acetic acid of yield.In some embodiments, method of the invention carries in room temperature, the environment generation higher than room temperature or less than room temperature
The aliphatic acid of high yield.In some embodiments, method of the invention produces the fat for improving yield in the environment higher than room temperature
Fat acid.In some embodiments, method of the invention produces the acetic acid for improving yield, propionic acid, fourth in the environment higher than room temperature
Any one or more in acid.In some embodiments, method of the invention produces in the environment higher than room temperature and improves production
The acetic acid of amount.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a kind of microorganism electro synthesis system and device, including at least one anode
With at least one negative electrode, wherein negative electrode uses mixing anaerobic microorganism, and the mixing anaerobic microorganism includes
Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.In some embodiments, the mixing anaerobic microorganism
It can further include and be selected from following one or more:Synergistetes, Euryarchaeota and
Chloroflexi.In some embodiments, the mixing anaerobic microorganism can also further include being selected from following one
Kind is a variety of:Spirochaetes, Actinobacteria, Nitrospirae and Hyd24-12.In some embodiments,
The mixed microorganism can also include other microorganisms, such as other microorganisms of the sludge from domestication.Sludge is carried out
Domestication is known in the art to obtain the method for the microorganism.
In some embodiments, device of the invention can use the electrode of modification or unmodified electrode to carry out.
In some embodiments, device of the invention can use such as carbon electrode, such as graphite particle, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush, carbon
Fiber electrode is carried out.The device of the present invention can use for example unmodified electrode to carry out.The device of the present invention can be with use example
As unmodified carbon electrode is carried out.The present invention device can use for example unmodified graphite particle, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush,
Carbon fiber electrode is carried out.
In some embodiments, device of the invention can be carried out at 10 DEG C -70 DEG C, such as at 10 DEG C, 15 DEG C, 20
DEG C, 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 35 DEG C, 40 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C or its it is any between temperature range enter
OK.In some embodiments, if appropriate, device of the invention can be carried out in higher temperature.In some embodiments
In, device of the invention can be carried out in room temperature.In some embodiments, device of the invention can be in the ring higher than room temperature
Carried out under border or less than in the environment of room temperature.In some embodiments, in the environment of higher than room temperature it is probably preferable, example
Carried out in high temperature environments as reacted, without specific temperature-adjusting device.In some embodiments, dress of the invention
Appropriate temperature-adjusting device can be included by putting.In some embodiments, device of the invention is adjusted by temperature-adjusting device
Temperature is saved, the aliphatic acid for improving yield and/or efficiency can be obtained, such as improve the acetic acid of yield and/or efficiency, propionic acid, fourth
Any one or more in acid.
In some embodiments, the anode in device of the invention and negative electrode are in same reative cell.In some embodiment party
In case, the inventive system comprises the reative cell not separated.In some embodiments, the present invention provides single chamber reactor, its
Anodic and negative electrode are in same room.In some embodiments, inventor has found, by reducing for precision components and costliness
Cost can be greatly reduced in the demand of barrier film.In some embodiments, device that can be of the invention does not include electrolytic cell film.
In some embodiments, separator be present between the anode and negative electrode in device of the invention.In some implementations
In scheme, the inventive system comprises the reative cell of separation.In some embodiments, the present invention provides dual chamber or multicell reaction
Device, its Anodic and negative electrode are in different chamber.In some embodiments, anode chamber and the moon are formed by electrolytic cell separator such as film
Pole room.In some embodiments, by the separator as caused by film prevents anode product in cathodic reduction and/or the moon
Extremely caused product is in anodic oxidation.In some embodiments, the separator is barrier film, such as amberplex.
In some embodiments, carbon dioxide is reduced by the device of the present invention and produces volatile fatty acid.In some realities
Apply in scheme, such as acetic acid is produced by the device of the present invention, propionic acid, any one or more in butyric acid.In some implementations
In scheme, device of the invention produces the aliphatic acid for improving yield.In some embodiments, device of the invention produces raising
The acetic acid of yield, propionic acid, any one or more in butyric acid.In some embodiments, device of the invention produces raising
The acetic acid of yield.In some embodiments, device of the invention carries in room temperature, the environment generation higher than room temperature or less than room temperature
The aliphatic acid of high yield.In some embodiments, device of the invention produces the fat for improving yield in the environment higher than room temperature
Fat acid.In some embodiments, device of the invention produces the acetic acid for improving yield, propionic acid, fourth in the environment higher than room temperature
Any one or more in acid.In some embodiments, device of the invention produces in the environment higher than room temperature and improves production
The acetic acid of amount.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the microorganism electro synthesis system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the Species structure of the anaerobe that negative electrode adds in the present invention;
At 25 DEG C, cathode potential controls under conditions of -0.9V vs.Ag/AgCl/KCl Fig. 3 temperature controls, produces volatility
The variation diagram of aliphatic acid;
At 35 DEG C, cathode potential controls under conditions of -0.9V vs.Ag/AgCl/KCl Fig. 4 temperature controls, produces volatility
The variation diagram of aliphatic acid;
At 55 DEG C, cathode potential controls under conditions of -0.9V vs.Ag/AgCl/KCl Fig. 5 temperature controls, produces volatility
The variation diagram of aliphatic acid.
Embodiment
The present invention provides the method and apparatus that microorganism electro synthesis system completes Resources of Carbon Dioxide.In the side of the present invention
In method and device, carbon dioxide reduction can be realized using common electrode material (carbon material) into volatile fatty acid, mainly
Including acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid.
Methods and apparatus of the present invention can be set as follows:The composition of MES in this method and device belongs to typical micro-
Biological electrolytic cell, such as mainly include anode chamber, cathode chamber, cation-exchange membrane etc..Outside under alive driving, anode chamber
Electronics caused by oxidation reaction occurs by abiotic anode or biological anode to export, it is same with this through external circuit to MES negative electrodes
When hydrogen ion caused by anode by cation-exchange membrane reach cathode chamber, by the micro- life of anaerobism together with the carbon dioxide in negative electrode
Thing produces volatile fatty acid by the effect of metabolism.The method and device are in microorganism electro synthesis systematic difference side
All there is good prospect in terms of face and Resources of Carbon Dioxide.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, microorganism electro synthesis system and device, including anode chamber, anode electrode can be used
The parts such as material, cathode chamber, cathode electrode material, cation-exchange membrane, it utilizes typical double-chamber microbiological electro synthesis system
And most widely used electrode material, realize that biological-cathode reduction carbon dioxide produces the process of volatile fatty acid.Wherein, carbon
Felt comes from Beijing Jing Longte carbon Science and Technology Ltd., and cation-exchange membrane comes from film international corporation of the U.S., and anaerobism is micro-
Biology is derived from the granular sludge bed reactor of processing starch wastewater.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, electronics caused by solution generation oxidation reaction passes through carbon materials in MES anode chambers
Material electrode and external circuit pass to MES negative electrode;Hydrogen ion caused by MES anode is delivered to by cation-exchange membrane simultaneously
Cathode chamber, microorganism in cathode chamber using anode transmission come electronics, the carbon dioxide in hydrogen ion and cathode chamber carries out
Metabolism, produce volatile fatty acid.So as to form microorganism electro synthesis system.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, electrode material can select widest carbon material, such as graphite in MES
Grain, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush etc. all can, micro-reduction carbon dioxide production volatility can be achieved without any electrode modification
Aliphatic acid.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, anode chamber can be biological anode or be abiotic anode.Biological sun
Pole can be inoculated with anaerobic sludge, be cultivated by taming, and be enriched with electricity-producing microorganism;Purebred electricity production bacterium can also be inoculated with, such as
Shewanella or Geobacter etc..Abiotic anode can be oxidized using water to provide electronics and hydrogen ion, also may be used
To add some metastable chemical substances of some redox potentials to provide electronics and hydrogen ion, such as potassium ferrocyanide
Deng.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, carbon material electrode surface used forms what is be enriched with cathode chamber, is waved with production
Hair property biomembrane of the aliphatic acid about bacterium, belongs to mixed thalline system.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, it may comprise steps of:
(I) corresponding anolyte is added in the anode of microorganism electro synthesis system, is passed through nitrogen, removes oxygen;In the moon
It is extremely middle to add catholyte and add anaerobe, hydrogen and carbon dioxide mix gas are passed through, passes through the domestication of a period of time
Enrichment, anaerobe form the biomembrane of feature production acid in carbon material cathode surface;
(II) after domestication enrichment, fresh anolyte and catholyte are changed respectively, anode is passed through nitrogen, and negative electrode is passed through dioxy
Change carbon, microorganism can directly utilize the electronics and hydrogen ion passed over from anode in negative electrode, by carbon dioxide reduction into volatilization
Property aliphatic acid, it is the solution containing volatile fatty acid to collect reacted catholyte.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, in step (I), described acclimation method can be carried out as follows:In MES sun
Anolyte is added in pole room, adds catholyte in the cathodic compartment, and be inoculated with the anaerobic sludge from sewage treatment plant's extraction.Anode chamber
In be passed through nitrogen, to remove in anode contained oxygen, be passed through hydrogen in cathode chamber and carbon dioxide ratio be 80~0: 20~
100 gaseous mixture, cathode potential can be controlled in -0.7~-1.2V vs.Ag/AgCl/KCl, and each periodic reaction is left at one week
The right side, anolyte and catholyte are all changed after one week, and the microorganism in cathode solution is added into negative electrode again by centrifuging
In, in each cycle, the content of the production volatile fatty acid in results of regular determination catholyte, when front and rear several cycles, produce acid amount base
When this is constant, illustrate that taming enrichment terminates, biofilm formation success on carbon material negative electrode.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, in step (I), the constituent of described anolyte is:42.23g L-1K4
[Fe(CN)6]·3H2O, 7.45g L-1KCl, 23.40g L-1Na2HPO4·12H2O, 4.68g L-1KH2PO4, water is solvent.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, in step (I), the constituent of described catholyte is:0.2g L- 1KH2PO4, 0.53g L-1NH4Cl, 0.1g L-1Na2SO4, 52mg L-1KCl, 10mg L-1CaCl2·2H2O, 72mg L- 1MgCl2·6H2O, 1mL L-1Trace element, 1mL L-1Vitamin, 50mM phosphate-buffered salts, water are solvent.Wherein, it is described
Trace Elements are as follows:0.8g L-1MnCl2·4H2O, 3.2g L-1FeSO4·7H2O, 1.2g L-1CoCl2·6H2O, 3.2g
L-1ZnSO4·7H2O, 1.1g L-1CuCl2·2H2O, 3g L-1EDTA, 0.2g L-1H3BO3, 0.1g L-1Na2MoO4·2H2O,
0.5g L-1NiCl2·6H2O;Described vitamin ingredients are as follows:0.1g L-1Biotin, 0.1g L-1Folic acid, 0.5g L-1Dimension
Raw plain B6-HCl, 0.25g L-1Vitamin B1-HCl, 0.25g L-1Riboflavin, 0.25g L-1Nicotinic acid, 0.25g L-1D-VB5
Calcium, 0.05g L-1Vitamin B12,0.25g L-1P-aminobenzoic acid, 0.25g L-1Lipoic acid;Described phosphate-buffered salt into
Divide as follows:1.16g L-1Na2HPO4·12H2O, 6.36g L-1KH2PO4。
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, in step (II), carbon dioxide presentation mode can continuously expose in cathode chamber
Before gas, operation then aeration seals and added bicarbonate etc.;Reaction temperature controls at 25~55 DEG C respectively;Cathode potential is controllable
System is in -0.7~-1.2V vs.Ag/AgCl/KCl.
The present invention provides a kind of microorganism electro synthesis system experimentation Resources of Carbon Dioxide, can utilize common electrode material
Material (carbon material) realizes carbon dioxide reduction into volatile fatty acid, mainly including acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, typical dual chamber MES can be used, such as including:1- air inlets;2- outlets
Mouthful;3- catholyte imports;4- catholytes export;5- applied voltages;6- anolyte imports;7- anolyte outlets;8- anode chambers;9-
Cathode chamber;10- cation-exchange membranes;11- carbon material anodes;The parts such as 12- carbon material negative electrodes.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, in the anaerobic sludge with acid producing ability that negative electrode indoor inoculation has been tamed, sun
Electricity-producing microorganism (mixed bacterium or pure bacterium) can be added in pole room, can also be added such as ferrous with redox material
Potassium cyanide etc. or negative electrode culture medium.
In methods and apparatus of the present invention, at least one power supply can be used, such as dc source, battery supply, solar energy
And energy of microbiological fuel cell (MFC) offer etc.., in the anode compartment, will be above-mentioned outside under alive driving
When anodic dissolution enters anode chamber 8 by inlet 6, oxidation Decomposition is carried out in anode carbon material electrodes 11, while electronics is led
Go out, then flow through external circuit reach cathode chamber 9 in carbon material electrode 12 on, electronics, from anode chamber 8 through cation-exchange membrane 10
The anaerobism for migrating to the proton of negative electrode and being enriched in by the carbon dioxide of cathode chamber air inlet 1 into cathode chamber 9 on electrode
Microorganism is utilized by metabolism, so as to generate volatile fatty acid.Unnecessary unreacted carbon dioxide and negative electrode produce
Surplus hydrogen discharged by negative electrode gas outlet 2.
Present disclosure is illustrated in further detail below by way of example.
Example one:In the microorganism electro synthesis system of the present invention, when MES cathode chamber temperature control is at 25 DEG C, negative electrode
Potential is controlled in -0.9V vs.Ag/AgCl/KCl, and the maximum production acetic acid amount of biological-cathode can reach 519.04mg L-1, propionic acid
It can reach 37.71mg L respectively with the maximum production of butyric acid-1With 39.40mg L-1。
Example two:In the microorganism electro synthesis system of the present invention, when MES cathode chamber temperature control is at 35 DEG C, negative electrode
Potential is controlled in -0.9V vs.Ag/AgCl/KCl, and the maximum production acetic acid amount of biological-cathode can reach 464.79mg L-1, propionic acid
It can reach 46.78mg L respectively with the maximum production of butyric acid-1With 32.20mg L-1。
Example three:In the microorganism electro synthesis system of the present invention, when MES cathode chamber temperature control is at 55 DEG C, negative electrode
Potential is controlled in -0.9V vs.Ag/AgCl/KCl, and the maximum production acetic acid amount of biological-cathode can reach 306.46mg L-1, propionic acid
It can reach 37.13mg L respectively with the maximum production of butyric acid-1With 46.38mg L-1。
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method using microorganism electro synthesis system reducing carbon dioxide, wherein negative electrode use mixing anaerobic microorganism,
The mixing anaerobic microorganism includes Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.
2. the method described in claim 1, wherein methods described are carried out at 10 DEG C -70 DEG C, such as at 10 DEG C, 15 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 25
DEG C, 30 DEG C, 35 DEG C, 40 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C or its it is any between temperature range carry out.
3. the method described in claim 1 or 2, wherein electrode or unmodified electrode using modification, such as carbon electrode, such as
Graphite particle, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush, carbon fiber electrode, preferably using unmodified electrode, such as unmodified carbon electrode, example
Such as unmodified graphite particle, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush, carbon fiber electrode.
4. the method any one of claim 1-3, wherein micro-reduction carbon dioxide produce volatile fatty acid, such as
Acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid.
5. a kind of microorganism electro synthesis system and device, including at least one anode and at least one negative electrode, wherein negative electrode use mixed
Anaerobe is closed, the mixing anaerobic microorganism includes Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.
6. the device described in claim 5, wherein electrode or unmodified electrode using modification, such as carbon electrode, such as stone
Black particle, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush, carbon fiber electrode, preferably using unmodified electrode, such as unmodified carbon electrode, such as
Unmodified graphite particle, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon brush, carbon fiber electrode.
7. the device described in claim 5 or 6, wherein described device are suitable in 10 DEG C of -70 DEG C of reduction carbon dioxide, such as 10
DEG C, 15 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 35 DEG C, 40 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C or its it is any between
Temperature range is carried out.
8. the device any one of claim 5-7, its Anodic and negative electrode are in same reative cell.
9. the device any one of claim 5-7, separator be present between its Anodic and negative electrode.
10. the device described in claim 9, wherein the separator is barrier film, such as amberplex.
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