CN107347348B - Non-point source pollution control system based on efficient management of liquid manure - Google Patents
Non-point source pollution control system based on efficient management of liquid manure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107347348B CN107347348B CN201710749649.7A CN201710749649A CN107347348B CN 107347348 B CN107347348 B CN 107347348B CN 201710749649 A CN201710749649 A CN 201710749649A CN 107347348 B CN107347348 B CN 107347348B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-point source pollution system based on efficient water and fertilizer management, which comprises a non-point source pollution primary treatment unit, a non-point source pollution deep treatment unit, a fertilizer supply unit, an environment detection unit, a central control unit, a water flow control unit, a mixing and stirring device and a drip irrigation device, wherein the non-point source pollution primary treatment unit is used for carrying out primary treatment on water bodies polluted by non-point sources, the environment detection unit is used for detecting the actual condition of soil in real time, the water flow control unit receives an instruction from the central control unit to control the direction of water flow, and the non-point source pollution deep treatment unit is used for carrying out deep treatment on the water bodies treated by the non-point source pollution primary treatment unit. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution can be effectively solved, the treated water polluted by non-point sources can be recycled, water resources are saved, and the method can be combined with the actual situation of soil to realize the efficient management of water and fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production management, and particularly relates to a non-point source pollution control system based on efficient water and fertilizer management.
Background
The North China plain is the second biggest plain in China and is also the largest grain and oil production base in China. North China plain is seriously short of water resources, although rainwater resources are relatively abundant, seasonal distribution is uneven, the problems of drought and waterlogging and serious saline and alkaline exist universally, and the problems of water resource shortage and serious water pollution coexist at the same time. The water flowing out of the land is directly discharged into a water body without treatment, so that serious non-point source pollution is caused, and because a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and some inorganic salts are inevitably dissolved in the water, the water directly flowing into the water area can bring potential harm to the water body, such as water and soil eutrophication of the water body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-point source pollution control system based on efficient water and fertilizer management aiming at the existing condition of the current North China plain land, the system not only can effectively solve the problem of non-point source pollution, but also can realize the efficient water and fertilizer management by combining the real fertility and the pH value of soil after treating water causing the non-point source pollution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the non-point source pollution control system based on the efficient management of the water and the fertilizer comprises a non-point source pollution primary treatment unit, a non-point source pollution deep treatment unit, a fertilizer supply unit, an environment detection unit, a central control unit, a water flow control unit, a mixing and stirring device and a drip irrigation device;
the non-point source pollution primary treatment unit is used for performing primary treatment on a water body polluted by a non-point source, and comprises a water collecting unit, a filtering unit and a water quality detector, the water quality detector is wirelessly connected with the central control unit, and the water quality detector is used for detecting the water quality condition of the water body polluted by the non-point source in real time and transmitting the detected water quality condition information to the central control unit;
the central control unit is respectively connected with the fertilizer feeding unit, the environment detection unit and the water flow control unit, the central control unit is wirelessly connected with the mixing and stirring device, the fertilizer feeding unit, the water flow control unit and the mixing and stirring device are controlled by the central control unit, the environment detection unit is used for detecting the soil condition in real time and transmitting the detected soil condition information to the central control unit, the central control unit judges whether the soil needs to be fertilized or irrigated according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit, when the central control unit judges that the soil needs to be fertilized or irrigated according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit, the central control unit controls the fertilizer feeding unit and the water flow control unit in real time according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit and the water quality condition information detected by the water quality detector, the fertilizer feeding unit and the water flow control unit are used for conveying fertilizer and water to the mixing and stirring device according to a control instruction sent by the central control unit, the mixing and stirring device is connected with the fertilizer feeding unit and the water flow control unit, the mixing and stirring device is used for mixing the fertilizer and the water conveyed by the fertilizer feeding unit and the water flow control unit and then conveying the mixture to the drip irrigation device, and the drip irrigation device is used for carrying out drip irrigation on the land;
the surface source pollution advanced treatment unit is used for deeply treating the water body treated by the surface source pollution primary treatment unit, the surface source pollution advanced treatment unit comprises a buffer unit, a nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit and an ecological ditch, the buffer unit is connected with a water flow control unit, when the central control unit judges that the soil does not need fertilization or irrigation according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit, the central control unit sends an instruction to the water flow control unit and controls the water flow control unit to convey the water treated by the surface source pollution primary treatment unit to the buffer unit, the buffer unit conveys the water body to the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit, the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit adsorbs the received water body to remove partial nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body, and the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit conveys the water body subjected to adsorption treatment to the ecological ditch, and the ecological ditch performs final purification treatment on the received water body.
Furthermore, the water collecting unit is used for collecting water bodies polluted by non-point sources, the filtering unit is a fence filtering unit and comprises a large-grid fence and a small-grid fence, the large-grid fence is used for blocking garbage with large volume in water, and the small-grid fence is used for blocking garbage with small volume in water, so that the detection of the water quality detector on the water quality is not influenced by the garbage in the water.
Further, the environment detection unit comprises a soil EC sensor, a soil pH sensor and a soil humidity sensor, wherein the soil EC sensor is used for detecting the content of organic fertilizer in soil, the soil pH sensor is used for detecting the pH value of the soil, and the soil humidity sensor is used for detecting the water content in the soil.
Further, the fertilizer feeding unit comprises a nitrogen fertilizer conveying unit, a phosphorus fertilizer conveying unit and a potassium fertilizer conveying unit, the nitrogen fertilizer conveying unit, the phosphorus fertilizer conveying unit and the potassium fertilizer conveying unit all comprise mass sensors for accurately controlling the weight of various fertilizers entering the mixing and stirring device, the pH values of the fertilizers in the nitrogen fertilizer conveying unit, the phosphorus fertilizer conveying unit and the potassium fertilizer conveying unit are determined according to the actual condition of soil,
further, the rivers control unit is controlled by central control unit, the rivers control unit has two exports, and an export is direct to be connected with mixing agitating unit, and another export is direct to be connected with the buffer unit of non-point source pollution degree of depth processing unit, the flow detector is installed in the exit that the rivers control unit is connected with mixing agitating unit for accurate detection flows into the water yield among the mixing agitating unit.
Furthermore, the buffer unit is used for slowing down the flow speed of the water flow and increasing the retention time of the water flow in the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit.
Further, the material filled in the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit is one or a mixture of two of zeolite, coal ash and activated carbon, and is used for adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in water.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the problem of non-point source pollution can be effectively solved, the water causing the non-point source pollution can be treated, the real fertility and the pH value of the soil are combined, the efficient management of the water and the fertilizer is realized, and the water resource is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a non-point source pollution control system based on efficient management of water and fertilizer;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the attached drawings in the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the specific implementation mode of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme that the system for controlling the non-point source pollution based on the efficient management of the water and the fertilizer comprises a non-point source pollution primary treatment unit, a non-point source pollution deep treatment unit, a fertilizer supply unit, an environment detection unit, a central control unit, a water flow control unit, a mixing and stirring device and a drip irrigation device.
The non-point source pollution primary treatment unit is used for performing primary treatment on water bodies polluted by non-point sources and comprises a water collecting unit, a filtering unit and a water quality detector. The water quality detector is in wireless connection with the central control unit and is used for detecting the water quality condition of the water body polluted by the non-point source in real time and transmitting the detected water quality condition information to the central control unit.
The central control unit is respectively connected with the fertilizer feeding unit, the environment detection unit and the water flow control unit, the central control unit is in wireless connection with the mixing and stirring device, and the fertilizer feeding unit, the water flow control unit and the mixing and stirring device are controlled by the central control unit. The environment detection unit is used for detecting soil conditions in real time and transmitting the detected soil condition information to the central control unit, and the central control unit judges whether the soil needs to be fertilized or irrigated according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit. When the central control unit judges that the soil needs to be fertilized or irrigated according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit, the central control unit controls the fertilizer supply unit and the water flow control unit in real time according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit and the water quality condition information detected by the water quality detector, the fertilizer supply unit and the water flow control unit carry out fertilizer and water delivery on the mixing and stirring device according to a control instruction sent by the central control unit, the mixing and stirring device is connected with the fertilizer supply unit and the water flow control unit, the mixing and stirring device is used for mixing fertilizer supply unit, fertilizer and water delivered by the water flow control unit and then delivering the mixed fertilizer and water to the drip irrigation device, and the drip irrigation device carries out drip irrigation on the soil. Give fertile unit including carrying nitrogenous fertilizer unit, carrying the phosphorus fertilizer unit and carrying the potash fertilizer unit, carry nitrogenous fertilizer unit, carry phosphorus fertilizer unit and carry the potash fertilizer unit and all include mass sensor for the weight of accurate control entering into various fertilizers among the mixing stirring device, the pH of carrying the fertilizer in nitrogenous fertilizer unit, carrying the phosphorus fertilizer unit and carrying the potash fertilizer unit is confirmed according to the actual conditions of soil. The water flow control unit is controlled by the central control unit and is provided with two outlets, one outlet is directly connected with the mixing and stirring device, the other outlet is directly connected with the buffer unit of the non-point source pollution depth processing unit, and the outlet of the water flow control unit, which is connected with the mixing and stirring device, is provided with a flow detector for accurately detecting the water amount flowing into the mixing and stirring device. Because carry nitrogen fertilizer unit, carry phosphorus fertilizer unit and carry the fertile unit of potassium and all include mass sensor, and the flow detector is installed in rivers the exit that control unit and mix agitating unit to be connected, through central control unit's control, this system can ensure that the fertilization volume all goes on according to the actual conditions of soil with the irrigation volume, has avoided the waste, has realized the high-efficient management of liquid manure.
The non-point source pollution advanced treatment unit is used for carrying out advanced treatment on the water body treated by the non-point source pollution primary treatment unit, the non-point source pollution advanced treatment unit comprises a buffer unit, a nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit and an ecological ditch, the buffer unit is connected with a water flow control unit, when the central control unit judges that the soil does not need fertilization or irrigation according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit, the central control unit sends an instruction to the water flow control unit and controls the water flow control unit to convey the water treated by the non-point source pollution primary treatment unit to the buffer unit, the buffer unit conveys the water body to the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit, the buffer unit is used for slowing down the flow velocity of the water flow and increasing the retention time of the water flow in the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit, the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit adsorbs the received water body to remove partial nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body, and the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit conveys the water body, the ecological ditch further absorbs substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, ensures that the inflowing water is water meeting the national regulations and cannot cause pollution.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the water collection unit is used for collecting water bodies polluted by non-point sources, the filter unit is a fence filter unit and comprises a fence with a large grid and a fence with a small grid, the fence with the large grid is used for blocking garbage with a larger volume in water, and the fence with the small grid is used for blocking garbage with a smaller volume in water, so that the detection of the water quality by the water quality detector is not influenced by the garbage in water.
As another preferable aspect of the present invention, the environment detection unit includes a soil EC sensor for detecting a content of organic fertilizer in soil, a soil pH sensor for detecting a pH of the soil, and a soil humidity sensor for detecting an amount of water contained in the soil.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material filled in the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit is one or a mixture of two of zeolite, coal ash and activated carbon, and is used for adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in water.
In conclusion, the invention not only can effectively solve the problem of non-point source pollution, realize the recycling of the treated water polluted by non-point sources and save water resources, but also can realize the high-efficiency management of water and fertilizer by combining the actual condition of soil.
The above disclosure is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The non-point source pollution control system based on the efficient management of the water and the fertilizer is characterized by comprising a non-point source pollution primary treatment unit, a non-point source pollution deep treatment unit, a fertilizer supply unit, an environment detection unit, a central control unit, a water flow control unit, a mixing and stirring device and a drip irrigation device;
the non-point source pollution primary treatment unit is used for performing primary treatment on a water body polluted by a non-point source, and comprises a water collecting unit, a filtering unit and a water quality detector, the water quality detector is wirelessly connected with the central control unit, and the water quality detector is used for detecting the water quality condition of the water body polluted by the non-point source in real time and transmitting the detected water quality condition information to the central control unit;
the central control unit is respectively connected with the fertilizer feeding unit, the environment detection unit and the water flow control unit, the central control unit is wirelessly connected with the mixing and stirring device, the fertilizer feeding unit, the water flow control unit and the mixing and stirring device are controlled by the central control unit, the environment detection unit is used for detecting the soil condition in real time and transmitting the detected soil condition information to the central control unit, the central control unit judges whether the soil needs to be fertilized or irrigated according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit, when the central control unit judges that the soil needs to be fertilized or irrigated according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit, the central control unit controls the fertilizer feeding unit and the water flow control unit in real time according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit and the water quality condition information detected by the water quality detector, the fertilizer feeding unit and the water flow control unit are used for conveying fertilizer and water to the mixing and stirring device according to a control instruction sent by the central control unit, the mixing and stirring device is connected with the fertilizer feeding unit and the water flow control unit, the mixing and stirring device is used for mixing the fertilizer and the water conveyed by the fertilizer feeding unit and the water flow control unit and then conveying the mixture to the drip irrigation device, and the drip irrigation device is used for carrying out drip irrigation on the land; the environment detection unit comprises a soil EC sensor, a soil pH sensor and a soil humidity sensor, wherein the soil EC sensor is used for detecting the content of organic fertilizer in soil, the soil pH sensor is used for detecting the pH of the soil, and the soil humidity sensor is used for detecting the water content in the soil;
the surface source pollution advanced treatment unit is used for deeply treating the water body treated by the surface source pollution primary treatment unit, the surface source pollution advanced treatment unit comprises a buffer unit, a nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit and an ecological ditch, the buffer unit is connected with a water flow control unit, when the central control unit judges that the soil does not need fertilization or irrigation according to the soil condition information transmitted by the environment detection unit, the central control unit sends an instruction to the water flow control unit and controls the water flow control unit to convey the water treated by the surface source pollution primary treatment unit to the buffer unit, the buffer unit conveys the water body to the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit, the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit adsorbs the received water body to remove partial nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body, and the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit conveys the water body subjected to adsorption treatment to the ecological ditch, and the ecological ditch performs final purification treatment on the received water body.
2. The non-point source pollution control system based on high-efficiency management of water and fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water collection unit is used for collecting water bodies polluted by non-point sources, the filter unit is a fence filter unit which comprises a fence with a large grid and a fence with a small grid, the fence with the large grid is used for blocking garbage with a larger volume in water, and the fence with the small grid is used for blocking garbage with a smaller volume in water, so that the detection of the water quality by the water quality detector is not influenced.
3. The non-point source pollution control system based on high-efficiency management of water and fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer feeding unit comprises a nitrogen fertilizer conveying unit, a phosphorus fertilizer conveying unit and a potassium fertilizer conveying unit, the nitrogen fertilizer conveying unit, the phosphorus fertilizer conveying unit and the potassium fertilizer conveying unit all comprise mass sensors for accurately controlling the weight of various fertilizers entering the mixing and stirring device, and the pH of the fertilizers in the nitrogen fertilizer conveying unit, the phosphorus fertilizer conveying unit and the potassium fertilizer conveying unit is determined according to the actual condition of soil.
4. The non-point source pollution control system based on high-efficiency management of water and fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water flow control unit is controlled by the central control unit, the water flow control unit has two outlets, one outlet is directly connected with the mixing and stirring device, the other outlet is directly connected with the buffer unit of the non-point source pollution advanced treatment unit, and the outlet of the water flow control unit connected with the mixing and stirring device is provided with a flow detector for accurately detecting the amount of water flowing into the mixing and stirring device.
5. The non-point source pollution control system based on efficient water and fertilizer management as claimed in claim 1, wherein the buffer unit is used for slowing down the flow rate of the water flow and increasing the retention time of the water flow in the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit.
6. The non-point source pollution control system based on high-efficiency management of water and fertilizer, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material filled in the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption unit is one or a mixture of zeolite, coal ash and activated carbon, and is used for adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in water.
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| CN107879556B (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2020-11-03 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Agricultural non-point source pollutant river entering load reduction system |
| CN108934384B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2021-12-10 | 郭山河 | Control method of water and fertilizer mixing device |
| CN109041731B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2021-11-05 | 郭山河 | Liquid manure mixing arrangement |
| CN113277647B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-10-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Burette processing apparatus in domestic sewage recharge farmland |
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| CN102081370A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-06-01 | 华中农业大学 | Water-fertilizer integrated intelligent accurate control system and control method thereof |
| CN102384767A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-03-21 | 江苏大学 | Nondestructive detection device and method for facility crop growth information |
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| JP4312904B2 (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2009-08-12 | カワサキ機工株式会社 | Field environment purification system |
| CN102081370A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-06-01 | 华中农业大学 | Water-fertilizer integrated intelligent accurate control system and control method thereof |
| CN102507888A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Unsaturated water supply device for simulating underground water |
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