CN107341352A - A kind of Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods and system based on Pearson III distribution - Google Patents
A kind of Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods and system based on Pearson III distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN107341352A CN107341352A CN201710548895.6A CN201710548895A CN107341352A CN 107341352 A CN107341352 A CN 107341352A CN 201710548895 A CN201710548895 A CN 201710548895A CN 107341352 A CN107341352 A CN 107341352A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods and system based on Pearson III distribution, aeration concentrater calculating is carried out using the dynamic data sample of aerated flow electrical conductivity, directly asked by data sample and settle water resistance, it is not necessary to carry out clear water resistance measurement with special clear water measuring point sensor；In addition to calculating average aeration concentrater, the aeration concentrater for calculating different frequency can also be sought, aeration concentrater is measured achievement more horn of plenty, more can comprehensively reflect the air mixing corrosion reducing effect of air entraining facilities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of computational methods of Air Concentration in Water Flow, are specifically a kind of conductance instrument measurement aeration
The conductivity data of water flow dynamic, and it is converted into dynamic aeration resistance and aeration resistance meets Pearson III distribution
When, seek the computational methods and system for calculating Air Concentration in Water Flow.
Background technology
In Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering practice, cavitation erosion easily occurs for high-velocity flow outlet structure escape works concrete surface, leads to
Normal solution is that air entraining facilities is set in runner, using the effect forcing high-velocity current aeration of air entraining facilities, to reach
Reduce or remit the purpose of cavitation erosion.Air Concentration in Water Flow is to weigh air entraining facilities arrangement and the rational important indicator of structural style.
High-velocity flow aeration is a random process, and aeration concentrater is bigger, and (bubble is more in water body) aeration resistance is bigger,
Otherwise smaller, clear water resistance during non-aeration is minimum.Aeration resistance is as the basic Normal Distribution of stochastic variable or Pearson came
III type is distributed.When the aeration resistance and clear water resistance of known current, Maxell formula can be used to calculate aeration concentrater.
Maxell proposes the computation model for the whole ball resistivity for calculating two kinds of different resistivity materials, model
Assuming that one is that the small ball that several resistivity are k2 materials 2, roundlet are dispersed with the big ball of k1 materials 1 full of resistivity
The distance between ball is much larger than the diameter of small ball, to ensure not have an impact between each other.The calculation formula of ball resistivity
For：
In formula, K is the resistivity of whole ball；K1 is the resistivity of material 1；K2 is the resistivity of material 2；P is material 2
Percentage of the total volume.
Resistivity calculation formula is applied in aerated flow, material 1 is water, and material 2 is bubble, takes the resistivity of air
K2=+ ∞, abbreviation formula obtain the percentage by volume of bubble in aerated flow, i.e. aeration concentrater C：
In formula, C is aeration concentrater；R0For the clear water resistance of not bubbles；RcFor the aeration resistance of gassiness current.
Now widely used aeration concentrater measuring instrument is resistance-type entrained air concentration meter, can only measure the average aeration of current
Resistance, and must have an aeration sensor (being referred to as clear water measuring point sensor, positioned at the upstream of air entraining facilities) during measurement same
The clear water resistance of non-aerated flow is measured in one period.Asked by the ratio measured value of aeration measuring point sensor and clear water measuring point sensor
The clear water resistance of each aeration measuring point is calculated, and then calculates the average aeration concentrater of aeration measuring point.
With the development of detecting instrument equipment and computer data acquiring technology, conductance instrument is mixed applied to current
In the measurement of gas concentration, and the dynamic measurement of current electrical conductivity is realized, due to resistance and the inversely proportional pass of electrical conductivity of current
System, therefore the dynamic electric resistor of current can be calculated.Conductance instrument is used for aeration concentrater measurement and is still in starting developing stage,
So far a kind of rational aeration concentrater computational methods, therefore to ask there is an urgent need to a kind of dynamic measuring data that to calculate current aeration dense
The computational methods of degree.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods and system based on Pearson III distribution, pass through
Sample is directly asked and settles water resistance.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：It is a kind of based on Pearson III distribution
Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods, comprise the following steps：
1) the conductivity data sample of dynamic acquisition aerated flow；
2) conductivity data sample is converted into resistance data sample, data sample is pre-processed, rejected unreasonable
And isolated peak-data；
3) parameter and graphing of pretreated data sample are calculated；The parameter of the data sample includes aeration electricity
Hinder average value Rc, standard deviation sigma, coefficient variation Cv, coefficient of skew Cs, mode M0, median Me and time graph, probability density
Curve；
4) parameter and figure of data sample are analyzed：Work as Cs>0, Me>M0, probability density curve are in an one end
During the unlimited asymmetric unimodal curve in limited, one end, judge that data sample meets Pearson III distribution, into step 5)；It is no
Then, terminate.
5) parameter Rc, Cv and Cs are determined, calculates clear water resistance R0：And calculate the aeration that frequency is P
Resistance Rcp；
6) the aeration concentrater Cp that frequency is P is calculated：
In step 1), the conductivity data sample of conductance instrument dynamic acquisition aerated flow is utilized.Cost is low, realizes
Simply.
In step 1), the sample frequency of conductance instrument is 10Hz, and conductivity data sample is no less than at 1024 points.Ensure
Measurement accuracy.
In step 3), probability density curve is drawn with GAMMADIST functions, is realized simple and reliable.
In step 5), aeration resistance Rcp is calculated with GAMMAINV functions, is calculated simple.
Correspondingly, present invention also offers a kind of Air Concentration in Water Flow computing system based on Pearson III distribution, bag
Include：
Acquisition module：Conductivity data sample for dynamic acquisition aerated flow；
Pretreatment module：Conductivity data sample for acquisition module to be gathered is converted to resistance data sample, and right
Data sample is pre-processed, and rejects irrational and isolated peak-data；
Graphic plotting module：For calculating the parameter and graphing of pretreated data sample；
Analysis module：Analyzed for the parameter to data sample and figure：As coefficient of skew Cs>0, mode Me>In
Digit M0, when probability density curve is in the asymmetric unimodal curve that an one end is limited, one end is unlimited, judge that data sample meets
Pearson III distribution；
First computing unit：For carrying out following parameter calculating to the data sample for meeting Pearson III distribution：It is determined that
Aeration resistance average value Rc, coefficient variation Cv, coefficient of skew Cs, calculate clear water resistanceIt is P's with frequency
Aeration resistance Rcp；
Second computing unit：For the output according to the first computing unit, the aeration concentrater Cp that frequency is P is calculated：
The parameter of the data sample of the present invention includes aeration resistance average value Rc, standard deviation sigma, coefficient variation Cv, skewness system
Number Cs, mode M0, median Me and time graph, probability density curve.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of present invention is that：The invention provides one kind to utilize aerated flow
The method that the dynamic data sample of electrical conductivity carries out aeration concentrater calculating；When sample meets Pearson III distribution, can pass through
Sample is directly asked and settles water resistance, it is not necessary to which special clear water measuring point sensor carries out clear water resistance measurement；It is average except calculating
Outside aeration concentrater, the aeration concentrater for calculating different frequency can also be sought, aeration concentrater is measured achievement more horn of plenty, more can be comprehensively
Reflect the air mixing corrosion reducing effect of air entraining facilities.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the time course line of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the probability density curve of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the fit curves of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the method flow of the present invention is as follows：
Step 1, with the electrical conductivity number of conductance instrument coupled computer data collecting system dynamic acquisition aerated flow
According to sample, sample frequency 10Hz, sample data is no less than at 1024 points；
Step 2, conductivity data sample is converted into resistance data sample, sample data is pre-processed.Data sample
This typically has the statistical property of stationary random process, may determine that the reasonability of data accordingly, rejects due to supply voltage not
The unreasonable data of the whole departure average values caused by many accidents such as stable, external environment condition interference and isolated peak value
Data；
Step 3, the parameter and graphing of data sample are calculated, including：Aeration resistance average value Rc, standard deviation are (square
Difference) it is σ, coefficient variation (coefficient of dispersion) Cv, the coefficient of skew (deviation factor) Cs, mode M0, median Me and time graph, general
Rate density curve (as shown in table 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 3)；
The embodiment data sample parameter table of table 1
| Parameter name | Numerical value |
| Aeration resistance average value Rc | 876 |
| Standard deviation sigma | 38 |
| Coefficient variation Cv | 0.045 |
| Coefficient of skew Cs | 1.850 |
| Mode M0 | 859 |
| Median Me | 866 |
Step 4, the parameter to data sample and figure carry out comprehensive analysis：The time course line of data sample reflects number
According to the rule that changes with time, the general statistical property with stationary random process, the reasonability of data is may determine that accordingly.By
In Cs>0, Me>M0, (such as Fig. 3 institutes when probability density curve is in the asymmetric unimodal curve that an one end is limited, one end is unlimited
Show), so can judge that data sample meets Pearson III distribution substantially；
Step 5, parameter is determined with suitable collimation method：Rc, Cv, Cs (as shown in Figure 4)；
Step 6, clear water resistance R is calculated0：R0=833 Ω；
Step 7, by given frequency P, the aeration resistance Rcp that frequency is P is calculated with GAMMAINV functions；
Step 8, the aeration concentrater Cp that frequency is P is calculated：
Embodiment calculating achievement is as shown in table 2.
The embodiment aeration concentrater calculating achievement table of table 2
| Frequency P% | Aeration resistance Rcp Ω | Aeration concentrater Cp% |
| 10 | 928 | 7.02 |
| 20 | 901 | 5.13 |
| 50 | 866 | 2.54 |
| 80 | 845 | 0.90 |
| 99 | 834 | 0.06 |
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods based on Pearson III distribution, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) the conductivity data sample of dynamic acquisition aerated flow；
2) conductivity data sample is converted into resistance data sample, data sample is pre-processed, reject it is irrational and
Isolated peak-data；
3) parameter and graphing of pretreated data sample are calculated；The parameter of the data sample is put down including aeration resistance
Average Rc, standard deviation sigma, coefficient variation Cv, coefficient of skew Cs, mode M0, median Me and time graph, probability density are bent
Line；
4) parameter and figure of data sample are analyzed：Work as Cs>0, Me>M0, probability density curve in an one end it is limited,
During the unlimited asymmetric unimodal curve in one end, judge that data sample meets Pearson III distribution, into step 5)；Otherwise, tie
Beam.
5) parameter Rc, Cv and Cs are determined, calculates clear water resistance R0：And calculate the aeration resistance that frequency is P
Rcp；
6) the aeration concentrater Cp that frequency is P is calculated：
2. the Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods according to claim 1 based on Pearson III distribution, it is characterised in that
In step 1), the conductivity data sample of conductance instrument dynamic acquisition aerated flow is utilized.
3. the Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods according to claim 2 based on Pearson III distribution, it is characterised in that
In step 1), the sample frequency of conductance instrument is 10Hz, and conductivity data sample is no less than at 1024 points.
4. the Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods according to claim 1 based on Pearson III distribution, it is characterised in that
In step 3), probability density curve is drawn with GAMMADIST functions.
5. the Air Concentration in Water Flow computational methods based on Pearson III distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
It is rapid 5) in, calculate aeration resistance Rcp with GAMMAINV functions.
A kind of 6. Air Concentration in Water Flow computing system based on Pearson III distribution, it is characterised in that including：
Acquisition module：Conductivity data sample for dynamic acquisition aerated flow；
Pretreatment module：Conductivity data sample for acquisition module to be gathered is converted to resistance data sample, and to data
Sample is pre-processed, and rejects irrational and isolated peak-data；
Graphic plotting module：For calculating the parameter and graphing of pretreated data sample；
Analysis module：Analyzed for the parameter to data sample and figure：As coefficient of skew Cs>0, mode Me>Median
M0, when probability density curve is in the asymmetric unimodal curve that an one end is limited, one end is unlimited, judge that data sample meets Pierre
Inferior III type distribution；
First computing unit：For carrying out following parameter calculating to the data sample for meeting Pearson III distribution：Determine aeration
Resistance average value Rc, coefficient variation Cv, coefficient of skew Cs, calculate clear water resistanceWith the aeration that frequency is P
Resistance Rcp；
Second computing unit：For the output according to the first computing unit, the aeration concentrater Cp that frequency is P is calculated：
7. Air Concentration in Water Flow computing system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the parameter bag of the data sample
Include aeration resistance average value Rc, standard deviation sigma, coefficient variation Cv, coefficient of skew Cs, mode M0, median Me and time graph,
Probability density curve.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111898071A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-06 | 江西理工大学 | Method for calculating in-path velocity of high-pressure submerged water jet |
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| CN111898071B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2024-01-30 | 江西理工大学 | Calculation method for high-pressure submerged water jet flow along-distance speed |
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