CN107340087B - Simulation measuring device for high-stress contact lubricating oil film friction force - Google Patents
Simulation measuring device for high-stress contact lubricating oil film friction force Download PDFInfo
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- CN107340087B CN107340087B CN201710390594.5A CN201710390594A CN107340087B CN 107340087 B CN107340087 B CN 107340087B CN 201710390594 A CN201710390594 A CN 201710390594A CN 107340087 B CN107340087 B CN 107340087B
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of high-pair point contact elastic flow friction force measurement, and relates to a simulation measurement device for high-stress contact lubricating oil film friction force, which comprises a support platform, a disc driving device, a steel ball fixing device, a sensor fixing and adjusting device, a loading rotary device and a translation device, wherein the disc driving device is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the support platform close to the front edge, the contact of a steel ball and a plane steel disc is used for simulating the contact of a roller and a bearing raceway, the sensor fixing and adjusting device is positioned on the left edge and the right edge of the translation platform close to the front part and used for measuring the friction force between the steel ball and the disc, the loading rotary device is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rear edge of the translation platform, the magnitude of the loading force of a loading plate is controlled by adjusting a spring adjusting nut in the loading rotary device, the main structure is simple, the design concept is ingenious, the operation is simple and convenient, the principle is scientific, the use is convenient and flexible, the practicability is strong, the application environment is good, and the market prospect is wide.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of high-pair point contact elastohydrodynamic friction force measurement, relates to a friction force measurement experiment simulation device, and particularly relates to a simulation measurement device for high-stress contact lubricating oil film friction force, which can be used for carrying out simulation measurement on the friction force of a ball bearing under different motion states.
Background art:
in the prior art, Chinese patent with application number of CN2736771Y discloses a comprehensive performance evaluation testing machine for lubricating oil, which comprises a power device, a friction pair, an oil containing device, a loading device and a fixed shaft, wherein the friction pair comprises a rotor and a stator, and the testing machine adopts weights, the lever principle is utilized to enable the stator and the rotor at the friction point to generate sliding friction, the temperature control device is used for testing and recording the final oil temperature change and the friction pair grinding crack to evaluate the wear resistance of the lubricating oil, the utility model has simple design, convenient operation and easy carrying, but the patent still has the following defects that firstly, the accuracy of the antifriction and antiwear performance of the lubricating oil is evaluated by the grinding marks, no accurate standard is provided for evaluating the size of the grinding marks, the grinding marks are irregular, different people judge the grinding marks differently, personnel errors can be caused, the friction pair needs to be replaced and repaired after each test, the manpower, material and financial resources are increased, the temperature is easily influenced by the external environment, make the degree of accuracy of measuring result not high, fourth is this utility model can not reachd the test result the very first time, needs to calculate. Therefore, in order to overcome the technical defects in the conventional measuring device, a practical experimental device is developed to accurately measure the friction force of the high-stress contact lubricating oil film so as to provide data support for research of the high-stress contact lubricating oil film, and in the research process of the friction force of the high-stress contact lubricating oil film, in order to simplify analysis, the contact between the roller and the bearing raceway is equivalent to the contact between the roller and the plane, the simulation measuring device of the friction force of the high-stress contact lubricating oil film is designed and prepared.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art, and provides a simulation measuring device for high-stress contact lubricating oil film friction, which is designed and provided, and utilizes the contact of a steel ball and a plane steel disc to simulate the contact of a roller and a bearing raceway so as to obtain friction data with high accuracy and good repeatability, so as to provide experimental data support for research on the high-stress contact lubricating oil film friction.
In order to achieve the above object, the main structure of the device for simulating and measuring the friction force of a lubricating oil film in high-stress contact according to the present invention comprises: the device comprises a supporting platform, a disc driving device, a steel ball fixing device, a sensor fixing and adjusting device, a loading rotary device and a translation device; the supporting platform is of a four-leg supporting structure at the bottom, and the upper ends of the four supporting legs are respectively fixedly connected with four corners of the table board; the fixed supporting platform upper surface of arranging in of disc drive unit is close to leading edge department, and its major structure includes: the device comprises a round steel disc, a fixing device, a driven belt wheel, a driven shaft, a disc drive motor support, a disc drive motor, a synchronous belt wheel, a fixed disc and a sleeve; the circular steel disc is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the driven shaft, a circular fixing device for fixing the circular steel disc is arranged at the upper end of the circular steel disc, the lower end of the driven shaft penetrates through a fixing through hole in the translation device, a driven belt pulley is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the driven shaft and used for transmitting the power of the synchronous belt pulley to drive the driven shaft to rotate, a cylindrical hollow sleeve is movably sleeved at the upper side, close to the driven belt pulley, of the lower end of the driven shaft, the upper end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a fixed disc, the driven shaft can freely rotate around a cavity in the middle of the sleeve, bolt holes are formed in the corresponding positions of the circumferential edges of the fixed disc and the fixing through; the disk drive motor support with the I-shaped structure is fixed on the right edge of the table board and is close to the rear part, the notch of the disk drive motor support faces inwards, a disk drive motor used for providing power is fixedly arranged in the notch, and the output shaft of the disk drive motor penetrates through the lower side plate of the disk drive motor support to be connected with the synchronous belt pulley and is used for driving the synchronous belt pulley to rotate.
The steel ball fixing device is located the upside of circle steel disc, and its major structure includes: the steel ball support, the steel ball sleeve, the tensioning wire nut and the steel ball; the steel ball support is of a round rod-shaped structure, the upper end of the steel ball support is connected with the outer end of a loading plate in the loading slewing device and used for transmitting the force loaded by the loading slewing device to the steel ball support, the lower end of the steel ball support is in threaded connection with a cylindrical steel ball sleeve, two tensioning wire nuts are arranged on the outer side surface of the steel ball sleeve, and the included angle between the two tensioning wire nuts on the steel ball sleeve is 180 degrees; the pressure sensor in the sensor fixing and adjusting device is connected with the pressure sensor through a tension line; the lower end of the steel ball sleeve is sleeved with a steel ball, the lower end of the steel ball is in contact with the round steel disc to serve as a high-stress contact pair, and the friction force change process of the contact pair is observed through a pressure sensor.
Sensor is fixed and adjusting device is located the translation platform about the border by preceding department, its major structure includes: the device comprises a one-dimensional translation table, a support foot, a support screw, a sensor connecting plate and a tension pressure sensor; the one-dimensional translation table is movably connected with the translation table and can only move left and right along the translation table, a support foot of an L-shaped structure is fixed on the upper surface of the one-dimensional translation table, the middle of the upper side of the support foot is connected with the lower end of a support screw, the sensor connecting plate is of an L-shaped bent plate structure, the lower end of the sensor connecting plate is of a vertical flat plate structure, the upper end of the sensor connecting plate is of a short transverse plate structure bent outwards, the outer side of the vertical flat plate structure is tightly attached to the inner side close to the support foot, a tension pressure sensor is fixed in the middle of the inner side of the vertical flat plate structure and connected with a tension line nut through a tension line, the upper side of the support screw is connected with the short transverse plate structure of the sensor connecting plate, the height of the sensor connecting plate is adjusted through.
The loading rotary device is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rear edge of the translation table, and the main structure of the loading rotary device comprises: the device comprises a loading plate, a spring adjusting nut, a spring seat, a supporting side plate, a thrust shaft, a bearing seat and a thrust ball bearing; the bearing seat of the hollow cylindrical structure is fixedly arranged on the translation table, a thrust ball bearing is arranged in a middle cavity of the bearing seat, the thrust ball bearing is connected with a lower end bearing of a thrust shaft, the thrust shaft can freely rotate around the thrust ball bearing in the horizontal direction, the upper side of the thrust shaft is of a cuboid plate-shaped structure, the middle of the thrust shaft is connected with a spring seat of a plate-shaped structure, the upper end of the thrust shaft is rotatably connected with one end of a supporting side plate, and the supporting side plate can rotate up and down around the thrust shaft; the other end of the supporting side plate is connected with one end of a loading plate, and the other end of the loading plate is connected with a steel ball support and used for loading the steel ball fixing device; the upper end of the spring is connected with the bottom of one end, close to the supporting side plate, of the loading plate, and the loading force of the loading plate is controlled by adjusting the spring adjusting nut.
The translation device includes: the table comprises a table top, a sliding block, a guide rail, a translation plate, a threaded front seat, a threaded rear seat, a translation screw and a fixing through hole; the sliding device comprises a table top, a linear guide rail, a sliding block structure, a steel ball fixing device, a sensor fixing and adjusting device and a loading rotary device, wherein a fixing through hole is formed in the position, close to the front edge of the table top, a translation plate is arranged on the upper side of the table top, a threaded front seat is arranged on the lower surface of the translation plate, a threaded rear seat is arranged on the upper surface of the table top, the threaded front seat and the threaded rear seat are connected through a translation screw rod, the translation screw rod rotates to realize horizontal movement of the translation plate, the linear guide rail and the sliding block structure which extend in the front-back direction of the table top are arranged on the upper surface of the table top, a groove matched with the guide rail and the sliding block is formed in the lower surface of the translation plate, the sliding block can slide in the groove to reduce.
When the friction force of a lubricating oil film in high-stress contact is measured, the method specifically comprises the following measuring steps:
1. adjustment of turning radius and loading force:
firstly, adjusting a translation screw to adjust the front and rear positions of a translation plate, adjusting the turning radius of a steel ball through the movement of the table top position, adjusting a spring adjusting nut according to the required loading force, and then placing a weight with corresponding weight on a loading plate for accurate loading;
2. adjusting the position of the tension and pressure sensor:
firstly, adjusting a support screw to adjust the height of a sensor connecting plate to enable a tension pressure sensor to reach the required height, fixing the support screw after the adjustment is finished, then moving a one-dimensional translation table to adjust the required tension, and fixing the one-dimensional translation table after the adjustment is finished;
3. acquiring friction force:
the disc driving motor is started, the disc driving motor drives the driven belt pulley to rotate through the synchronous belt pulley, power is transmitted to the driven shaft to drive the round steel disc to rotate, the round steel disc and the steel ball jointly form a high-stress contact pair, the two tension and pressure sensors are connected with the loading plate in a counter-pulling mode through the tensioning line, the two tension and pressure sensors are connected to the translation table, the tensioning line is tensioned by moving the translation table, and the loading plate can freely rotate around the loading rotating device under the condition that the loading plate is not tightly restrained by the two tension and pressure sensors; when the loading plate is pulled and restrained by the two pull pressure sensors, the loading plate generates a rotation trend under the action of the friction force of the contact pair, and the trend is transmitted to the pull pressure sensors to further acquire the friction force;
4. on-line measurement and storage of friction:
measuring the friction force between the round steel disc and the steel ball through a pull pressure sensor, capturing and transmitting the friction force to a PC (personal computer) end through a data acquisition card USB (universal serial bus), converting an analog signal into a digital signal through the PC end, carrying out program design on LabVIEW for data acquisition by calling a dynamic link library, realizing the combination of the LabVIEW and the USB of a common data acquisition card, further realizing the acquisition, processing and data storage of the signal, directly reading out the friction force through an acquisition interface, and finishing the on-line measurement and storage of the friction force;
5. calibrating the measuring equipment:
the system error in the measuring process can be calibrated by adopting two tension and pressure sensors to pull oppositely, because the rotation of a loading plate needs to be realized by supporting through a thrust ball bearing, if a steel ball generates a movement or movement trend, the rolling friction force of the thrust ball bearing per se needs to be overcome, in order to ensure the accuracy of friction force measurement, the friction torque in the thrust ball bearing needs to be calibrated, a sensor pull-up experiment adopting old design and the like is adopted, the numerical value measured by the tension and pressure sensors is corrected, the friction torque for obstructing the movement of the steel ball is assumed to be M, the two tension and pressure sensors are respectively named as a sensor 1 and a sensor 2 for distinguishing, when the sensor 1 is fixed, and when the sensor 2 moves at a constant speed, the sensor 1 obtains a tension value F1Sensor 2 obtains F2The method comprises the following steps:
F2X2＝F1X1+M (1)
let in the above formula
Then there is
F2＝b+F1k (2)
Wherein, X1、X2The distances from the sensor 1 and the sensor 2 to the center of rotation are shown, respectively, and it should be noted that F in the experiment is not in contact with the ball-and-disk in the opposite pull experiment2Can be equivalent to the actual friction force exerted on the steel ball by the lubricating oil film after the ball-disc contact in the friction force system, therefore, in order to eliminate the influence of the friction torque in the thrust ball bearing, only the sensor F needs to be read1Of the actual friction force F exerted by the lubricating film on the steel ball2It is calculated by fitting a formula.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a structure that the steel ball is matched with the round steel disc as a high-stress contact pair, and obtains the change process of the friction force of the contact pair at any time by pulling the pressure sensor, thereby improving the accuracy and the repeatability of the measured data, the translation plate can move back and forth along the table top to adjust the gyration radius, the practicability is good, the loading gyration device can accurately control the size of the loading force according to the requirement so as to ensure the accuracy of the measured result, and simultaneously the operation flexibility of the equipment is improved.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the disc driving device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a main structure of the steel ball fixing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the sensor fixing and adjusting device according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main structure of a loading slewing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a bearing housing according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the main structure of the translation device according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
the main structure of the simulation measuring device for the high-stress contact lubricating oil film friction force related to the embodiment comprises: the device comprises a supporting platform 1, a disc driving device 2, a steel ball fixing device 3, a sensor fixing and adjusting device 4, a loading rotary device 5 and a translation device 6; the supporting platform 1 is a four-leg supporting structure at the bottom, and the upper ends of the four supporting legs are respectively fixedly connected with four corners of the table board 61; disk drive unit 2 is fixed to be arranged in 1 upper surface of supporting platform and is close to leading edge department, and its major structure includes: the device comprises a round steel disc 21, a fixing device 22, a driven belt wheel 23, a driven shaft 24, a disc drive motor support 25, a disc drive motor 26, a synchronous belt wheel 27, a fixed disc 28 and a sleeve 29; the round steel disc 21 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the driven shaft 24, the round fixing device 22 for fixing the round steel disc 21 is arranged at the upper end of the round steel disc 21, the lower end of the driven shaft 24 penetrates through the fixing through hole 68 on the translation device 6, the driven belt wheel 23 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the driven shaft 24 and used for transmitting the power of the synchronous belt wheel 27 to drive the driven shaft 24 to rotate, the lower end of the driven shaft 24 is movably sleeved with the cylindrical hollow sleeve 29 close to the upper side of the driven belt wheel 23, the upper end of the sleeve 29 is fixedly connected with the fixed disc 28, the driven shaft 24 can freely rotate around a cavity in the middle of the sleeve 29, and bolt holes are formed in corresponding positions of the circumferential edges of the fixed disc 28 and the fixing through hole 68 and used for fixing the; the disk drive motor support 25 with the i-shaped structure is fixed at the rear position of the right edge of the table board 61, a notch of the disk drive motor support 25 faces inwards, a disk drive motor 26 for providing power is fixed in the notch, and an output shaft of the disk drive motor 26 penetrates through a lower side plate of the disk drive motor support 25 to be connected with the synchronous belt pulley 27 for driving the synchronous belt pulley 27 to rotate.
The steel ball fixing device 3 is located the upside of circle steel disc 21, and its major structure includes: a steel ball support 31, a steel ball sleeve 32, a tension wire nut 33 and a steel ball 34; the steel ball support 31 is of a round rod-shaped structure, the upper end of the steel ball support 31 is connected with the outer end of a loading plate 51 in the loading slewing device 5 and used for transmitting the force loaded by the loading slewing device 5 to the steel ball support 31, the lower end of the steel ball support 31 is in threaded connection with a cylindrical steel ball sleeve 32, two tensioning wire nuts 33 are arranged on the outer side surface of the steel ball sleeve 32, and the included angle between the two tensioning wire nuts 33 on the steel ball sleeve 32 is 180 degrees; is connected with a pressure sensor 45 in the sensor fixing and adjusting device 4 through a tension line; the lower end of the steel ball sleeve 32 is sleeved with a steel ball 34, the lower end of the steel ball 34 is in contact with the round steel disc 21 to serve as a high-stress contact pair, and the friction force change process of the contact pair is observed through a pressure sensor 45.
Sensor is fixed and adjusting device 4 is located translation stage 64 left and right sides border and leans on preceding department, and its major structure includes: the device comprises a one-dimensional translation table 41, a support foot 42, a support screw 43, a sensor connecting plate 44 and a pull pressure sensor 45; the one-dimensional translation stage 41 is movably connected with the translation stage 64, and can only move left and right along the translation stage 64, the upper surface of the one-dimensional translation table 41 is fixedly provided with a support foot 42 with an L-shaped structure, the middle of the upper side of the support foot 42 is connected with the lower end of a support screw 43, the sensor connecting plate 44 is of an L-shaped bent plate structure, the lower end of the sensor connecting plate is of a vertical flat plate structure, the upper end of the sensor connecting plate is of a short transverse plate structure bent outwards, the outer side of the vertical flat plate structure is tightly attached to the inner side of the support foot 42, a tension and pressure sensor 45 is fixed in the middle of the inner side of the vertical flat plate structure, the tension and pressure sensor 45 is connected with the tension wire nut 33 through a tension wire, the upper side of the supporting screw 43 is connected with the short transverse plate structure of the sensor connecting plate 44, the height of the sensor attachment plate 44, and further the height of the pressure sensor 45, is adjusted by adjusting the support screws 43.
The loading slewing device 5 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rear edge of the translation table 64, and the main structure of the loading slewing device comprises: a loading plate 51, a spring adjusting nut 52, a spring 53, a spring seat 54, a support side plate 55, thrust shafts 56, 57, a bearing seat 58, and a thrust ball bearing 59; the bearing seat 58 of a hollow cylindrical structure is fixedly arranged on the translation table 64, a thrust ball bearing 59 is arranged in the middle cavity of the bearing seat, the thrust ball bearing 59 is connected with a lower end bearing of the thrust shaft 56, the thrust shaft 56 can freely rotate around the thrust ball bearing 59 in the horizontal direction, the upper side of the thrust shaft 56 is of a rectangular parallelepiped plate-shaped structure, the middle of the thrust shaft 56 is connected with a spring seat 54 of a flat plate-shaped structure, the upper end of the thrust shaft 56 is rotatably connected with one end of the support side plate 55, and the support side plate 55 can rotate up and down around the thrust shaft 56; the other end of the supporting side plate 55 is connected with one end of a loading plate 51, and the other end of the loading plate 51 is connected with the steel ball support 31 to load the steel ball fixing device 3; a spring adjusting nut 52 is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the spring seat 54, a spring 53 is arranged at the upper end of the spring adjusting nut 52, and the upper end of the spring is connected with the bottom of one end of the loading plate 51 close to the supporting side plate 55, so as to control the loading force of the loading plate 51 by adjusting the spring adjusting nut 52.
The translation means 6 comprise: the table-board 61, the sliding block 62, the guide rail 63, the translation plate 64, the threaded front seat 65, the threaded rear seat 66, the translation screw 67 and the fixing through hole 68; a fixed through hole 68 is arranged at the position of the table top 61 close to the front edge, a translation plate 64 is arranged at the upper side of the table top 61, the lower surface of the translation plate 64 is provided with a threaded front seat 65, the upper surface of the table-board 61 is provided with a threaded rear seat 66, the threaded front seat 65 and the threaded rear seat 66 are connected through a translation screw 67, the translation screw 67 rotates to realize the horizontal movement of the translation plate 64, the upper surface of the table-board 61 is provided with a linear guide rail 63 and a slide block 62 structure extending along the front-back direction of the table-board 61, the lower surface of the translation plate 64 is provided with a groove matched with the guide rail 63 and the slide block 62, the slide block 62 can slide in the groove to reduce the friction resistance in the moving process of the translation plate 64, and the steel ball fixing device 3, the sensor fixing and adjusting device 4 and the loading slewing device 5 are driven to move back and forth by the translation plate 64 moving back and forth so as to adjust the slewing radius of the round steel disc 21.
In this embodiment, when measuring the friction force of the high-stress contact lubricating oil film, the specific measurement steps are as follows:
(1) adjustment of turning radius and loading force:
firstly, the translation screw 67 is adjusted to adjust the front and back positions of the translation plate 64, the rotation radius of the steel ball 34 is adjusted through the movement of the position of the table board 61, the spring adjusting nut 52 is adjusted according to the required loading force, and then the weight with the corresponding weight is placed on the loading plate 51 for accurate loading;
(2) adjusting the position of the tension and pressure sensor:
firstly, adjusting the height of a sensor connecting plate 44 by adjusting a supporting screw 43 to enable a pull pressure sensor 45 to reach the required height, fixing the supporting screw 43 after the adjustment is finished, then moving a one-dimensional translation table 41 to adjust the required tension, and fixing the one-dimensional translation table 41 after the adjustment is finished;
(3) acquiring friction force:
the disc driving motor 26 is started, the disc driving motor 26 drives the driven belt wheel 23 to rotate through the synchronous belt wheel 27, power is transmitted to the driven shaft 24 to drive the round steel disc 21 to rotate, the round steel disc 21 and the steel ball 34 jointly form a high-stress contact pair, the two tension and pressure sensors 45 are connected with the loading plate 51 in a counter-pulling mode through a tensioning line, the two tension and pressure sensors 45 are connected to the translation table 64, the tensioning line is tensioned by moving the translation table 64, and the loading plate 51 can freely rotate around the loading rotating device 5 under the condition that the loading plate is not tightly constrained by the two tension and pressure sensors 45; after the loading plate 51 is pulled and restrained by the two pull pressure sensors 45, the loading plate 51 generates a rotation trend under the action of the friction force of the contact pair, and the trend is transmitted to the pull pressure sensors 45 so as to obtain the friction force;
(4) on-line measurement and storage of friction:
the friction force between the round steel disc 21 and the steel ball 34 is measured through the tension pressure sensor 45, the friction force is captured by the data acquisition card USB5935 and transmitted to the PC end, an analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the PC end, a dynamic link library is called, program design is carried out on LabVIEW for data acquisition, the combination of the LabVIEW and the common data acquisition card USB5935 is realized, further, the acquisition, the processing and the data storage of the signal are realized, the friction force is directly read through an acquisition interface, and the on-line measurement and the storage of the friction force are completed;
(5) calibrating the measuring equipment:
the calibration of the system error in the measuring process can be realized by adopting the two pull pressure sensors 45 to pull oppositely, and because the rotation of the loading plate 51 is realized by supporting through the thrust ball bearing 59, if the steel ball (roller) is used) The rolling friction force of the thrust ball bearing 59 must be overcome to generate movement or movement tendency, in order to ensure the accuracy of friction force measurement, the friction torque in the thrust ball bearing 59 must be calibrated, a sensor counter-pull experiment designed by Chen et al is adopted, the value measured by the pull pressure sensor 45 is corrected, the friction torque for obstructing the movement of the steel ball 34 is assumed to be M, the two pull pressure sensors 45 are respectively named as a sensor 1 and a sensor 2 for distinguishing, when the sensor 1 is fixed and the sensor 2 moves at a constant speed, the sensor 1 obtains a pull force value F1Sensor 2 obtains F2The method comprises the following steps:
F2X2＝F1X1+M (1)
let in the above formula
Then there is
F2＝b+F1k (2)
Wherein, X1、X2The distances from the sensor 1 and the sensor 2 to the center of rotation are shown, respectively, and it should be noted that F in the experiment is not in contact with the ball-and-disk in the opposite pull experiment2Can be equivalent to the actual friction force exerted on the steel ball by the lubricating oil film after the ball-disc contact in the friction force system, therefore, in order to eliminate the influence of the friction torque in the bearing, the embodiment only needs to read the sensor F1Of the actual friction force F exerted by the lubricating film on the steel ball2It is calculated by fitting a formula.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a simulation measuring device of high stress contact lubricating oil film frictional force which characterized in that its major structure includes: the device comprises a supporting platform, a disc driving device, a steel ball fixing device, a sensor fixing and adjusting device, a loading rotary device and a translation device; the bottom of the supporting platform is a four-leg supporting structure, and the upper ends of the four supporting legs are respectively fixedly connected with four corners of the table board; the fixed supporting platform upper surface of arranging in of disc drive unit is close to leading edge department, and its major structure includes: the device comprises a round steel disc, a fixing device, a driven belt wheel, a driven shaft, a disc drive motor support, a disc drive motor, a synchronous belt wheel, a fixed disc and a sleeve; the circular steel disc is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the driven shaft, a circular fixing device for fixing the circular steel disc is arranged at the upper end of the circular steel disc, the lower end of the driven shaft penetrates through a fixing through hole in the translation device, a driven belt pulley is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the driven shaft and used for transmitting the power of the synchronous belt pulley to drive the driven shaft to rotate, a cylindrical hollow sleeve is movably sleeved at the upper side, close to the driven belt pulley, of the lower end of the driven shaft, the upper end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a fixed disc, the driven shaft can freely rotate around a cavity in the middle of the sleeve, bolt holes are formed in the corresponding positions of the circumferential edges of the fixed disc and the fixing through; the disk drive motor support with the I-shaped structure is fixed at the back of the right edge of the table board, the notch of the disk drive motor support faces inwards, a disk drive motor for providing power is fixedly arranged in the notch, and the output shaft of the disk drive motor penetrates through the lower side plate of the disk drive motor support to be connected with the synchronous belt pulley for driving the synchronous belt pulley to rotate; the steel ball fixing device is located the upside of circle steel disc, and its major structure includes: the steel ball support, the steel ball sleeve, the tensioning wire nut and the steel ball; the steel ball support is of a round rod-shaped structure, the upper end of the steel ball support is connected with the outer end of a loading plate in the loading slewing device and used for transmitting the force loaded by the loading slewing device to the steel ball support, the lower end of the steel ball support is in threaded connection with a cylindrical steel ball sleeve, two tensioning wire nuts are arranged on the outer side surface of the steel ball sleeve close to the upper part, the included angle between the two tensioning wire nuts on the steel ball sleeve is 180 degrees, and the steel ball support is connected with a pressure sensor in the sensor fixing and adjusting device through a tensioning wire; the lower end of the steel ball sleeve is sleeved with a steel ball, the lower end of the steel ball is in contact with the round steel disc to serve as a high-stress contact pair, and the friction force change process of the contact pair is observed through a pressure sensor; the sensor is fixed and adjusting device is located the translation device, and its major structure includes: the device comprises a one-dimensional translation table, a support foot, a support screw, a sensor connecting plate and a tension pressure sensor; the upper surface of the one-dimensional translation table is fixedly provided with a support foot with an L-shaped structure, the middle of the upper side of the support foot is connected with the lower end of a support screw, the sensor connecting plate is of an L-shaped bent plate structure, the lower end of the sensor connecting plate is of a vertical flat plate structure, the upper end of the support foot is of a short transverse plate structure bent outwards, the outer side of the vertical flat plate structure is tightly attached to the inner side of the support foot, the middle of the inner side of the vertical flat plate structure is fixedly provided with a pull pressure sensor, the pull pressure sensor is connected with a tension line nut through a tension line, the upper side of the support screw is connected with the short transverse plate structure of the sensor connecting plate, the height of the sensor connecting plate is adjusted through adjusting; the loading rotary device is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rear edge of the translation device, and the main structure of the loading rotary device comprises: the device comprises a loading plate, a spring adjusting nut, a spring seat, a supporting side plate, a thrust shaft, a bearing seat and a thrust ball bearing; a thrust ball bearing is arranged in a middle cavity of the hollow cylindrical structure, the thrust ball bearing is connected with a lower end bearing of a thrust shaft, the thrust shaft can freely rotate around the thrust ball bearing in the horizontal direction, the upper side of the thrust shaft is of a cuboid plate-shaped structure, the middle of the thrust shaft is connected with a spring seat of a plate-shaped structure, the upper end of the thrust shaft is rotatably connected with one end of a supporting side plate, and the supporting side plate can rotate up and down around the thrust shaft; the other end of the supporting side plate is connected with one end of a loading plate, and the other end of the loading plate is connected with a steel ball support and used for loading the steel ball fixing device; a spring adjusting nut is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the spring seat, a spring is arranged at the upper end of the spring adjusting nut, and the upper end of the spring is connected with the bottom of one end, close to the supporting side plate, of the loading plate so as to control the loading force of the loading plate by adjusting the spring adjusting nut; the translation device includes: the table comprises a table top, a sliding block, a guide rail, a translation plate, a threaded front seat, a threaded rear seat, a translation screw and a fixing through hole; the sliding device comprises a table top, a sliding plate, a linear guide rail, a sliding block structure, a steel ball fixing device, a sensor fixing and adjusting device and a loading rotary device, wherein a fixing through hole is formed in the position, close to the front edge of the table top, a translation plate is arranged on the upper side of the table top, a threaded front seat is arranged on the lower surface of the translation plate, a threaded rear seat is arranged on the upper surface of the table top, the threaded front seat and the threaded rear seat are connected through a translation screw rod, the translation screw rod rotates to realize horizontal movement of the translation plate, the linear guide rail and the sliding block structure which extend in the front-back direction of the table top are arranged on the upper surface of the table top, a groove matched with the guide rail and the sliding block is formed in the lower surface of the translation plate, the sliding block can slide.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one-dimensional translation stage is movably coupled to the translation plate and is capable of moving only left and right along the translation plate.
3. The simulation measuring device for the friction force of the high-stress contact lubricating oil film according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific measuring method is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) adjustment of turning radius and loading force:
firstly, adjusting a translation screw to adjust the front and rear positions of a translation plate, adjusting the turning radius of a steel ball through the movement of the table top position, adjusting a spring adjusting nut according to the required loading force, and then placing a weight with corresponding weight on a loading plate for accurate loading;
(2) adjusting the position of the tension and pressure sensor:
firstly, adjusting a support screw to adjust the height of a sensor connecting plate to enable a tension pressure sensor to reach the required height, fixing the support screw after the adjustment is finished, then moving a one-dimensional translation table to adjust the required tension, and fixing the one-dimensional translation table after the adjustment is finished;
(3) acquiring friction force:
the disc driving motor is started, the disc driving motor drives the driven belt pulley to rotate through the synchronous belt pulley, power is transmitted to the driven shaft to drive the round steel disc to rotate, the round steel disc and the steel ball jointly form a high-stress contact pair, the two tension and pressure sensors are connected with the loading plate in a counter-pulling mode through the tensioning wire, the two tension and pressure sensors are connected to the translation plate, the tensioning wire is tensioned by moving the translation plate, and the loading plate can freely rotate around the loading rotating device under the condition that the loading plate is not tightly restrained by the two tension and pressure sensors; when the loading plate is pulled and restrained by the two pull pressure sensors, the loading plate generates a rotation trend under the action of the friction force of the contact pair, and the trend is transmitted to the pull pressure sensors to further acquire the friction force;
(4) on-line measurement and storage of friction:
measuring the friction force between the round steel disc and the steel ball through a pull pressure sensor, capturing and transmitting the friction force to a PC (personal computer) end through a data acquisition card USB (universal serial bus), converting an analog signal into a digital signal through the PC end, carrying out program design on LabVIEW for data acquisition by calling a dynamic link library, realizing the combination of the LabVIEW and the USB of a common data acquisition card, further realizing the acquisition, processing and data storage of the signal, directly reading out the friction force through an acquisition interface, and finishing the on-line measurement and storage of the friction force;
(5) calibrating the measuring equipment:
the calibration of system errors in the measuring process can be realized by adopting two tension and pressure sensors for opposite pulling, the rotation of a loading plate needs to be realized by supporting through a thrust ball bearing, if a steel ball generates a movement or movement trend, the rolling friction force of the thrust ball bearing needs to be overcome, in order to ensure the accuracy of friction force measurement, the friction torque in the thrust ball bearing needs to be calibrated, the numerical value measured by the tension and pressure sensors is obtained through a sensor opposite pulling experiment, the numerical value measured by the tension and pressure sensors is corrected, the two tension and pressure sensors are respectively named as a sensor 1 and a sensor 2 for distinguishing on the assumption that the friction torque obstructing the movement of the steel ball is M, when the sensor 1 is fixed and the sensor 2 moves at a constant speed, the sensor 1 obtains a tension value F1The sensor 2 obtains the pulling force value F2The method comprises the following steps:
F2X2＝F1X1+M (1)
let in the above formula
Then there is
F2＝b+F1k (2)
Wherein, X1、X2Respectively, sensor 1 and sensors 2 toDistance of the center of gyration, it should be noted that F in the experiment is not in contact with the ball-disk in the opposite-pull experiment2Can be equivalent to the actual friction force exerted on the steel ball by the lubricating oil film after the ball-disc contact in the friction force system, therefore, in order to eliminate the influence of the friction torque in the thrust ball bearing, only the sensor F needs to be read1Of the actual friction force F exerted by the lubricating film on the steel ball2It is calculated by fitting a formula.
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| CN109813239B (en) * | 2019-02-17 | 2020-10-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Cam-tappet contact pair lubricating oil film measuring instrument and use method thereof |
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| CN115718065A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-02-28 | 深圳大学 | Friction measuring device |
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| JP3297379B2 (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2002-07-02 | 神鋼造機株式会社 | Friction and wear testing machine |
| JP2001147166A (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-29 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Lubricating function evaluating method and device therefor |
| JP3595318B2 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2004-12-02 | 神鋼造機株式会社 | Friction and wear test equipment |
| CN202109889U (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-01-11 | 青岛理工大学 | Thrust Ball Bearing Lubricating Oil Film Measuring Instrument |
| CN202204476U (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-04-25 | 上海大学 | Constant-inclination angle surface contact film lubrication measuring apparatus |
| CN102410902B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-12-25 | 河南科技大学 | Ball and disc type tester for measuring elastic fluid frictional force of lubricant |
| CN105510033B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 青岛理工大学 | Tapered roller bearing lubricating oil film measurement simulation device and contact pair adjusting method |
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