CN107332443B - A kind of DC solid transformer and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of DC solid transformer and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107332443B CN107332443B CN201710691586.4A CN201710691586A CN107332443B CN 107332443 B CN107332443 B CN 107332443B CN 201710691586 A CN201710691586 A CN 201710691586A CN 107332443 B CN107332443 B CN 107332443B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of DC solid transformer and its control method.The DC solid transformer includes a filter inductance, multiple half-bridge submodules and multiple DC-DC isolated converters.Multiple half-bridge submodules, which are connected after cascading mutually with filter inductance, accesses medium voltage DC net, the output end of each half-bridge submodule is connect with the direct-flow input end of each DC-DC isolated converter, is connected after the DC output end of all DC-DC isolated converters is in parallel with low-voltage direct power grid or load.DC solid transformer of the present invention calculates the operation number of half-bridge submodule and DC-DC isolated converter by medium voltage DC net voltage and DC solid transformer actual motion power in real time, remaining half-bridge submodule and DC-DC isolated converter are in hot stand-by duty, realize the high-efficiency operation of complete machine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of applied power electronics, are related to DC grid and solid-state transformer more particularly to one
Kind DC solid transformer and its control method.
Background technique
With rapid development of economy, fossil fuel increasingly failure, so that the application of new energy is rapidly developed.Big portion
The new energy divided, such as photovoltaic, fuel cell, the electric energy issued is direct current energy, while direct current hair power transmission and distribution are as current
The important directions of power technology innovation are studied so that the fields such as direct current transportation, DC distribution net and microgrid progress into everybody
The visual field, can predict that DC grid is following development trend.
Basic equipment of traditional power transformer as electric system, cannot achieve DC voltage conversion.In recent years, with
The fast development of power electronic technique, solid-state transformer had received widespread attention as a kind of novel transformer.Solid-state becomes
Depressor is small in size in addition to having the advantages that, moreover it is possible to the tasks such as Power quality management and new energy access are completed, it more can be in direct current
As voltage transformation and the key equipment of energy management in power grid, thus become current research hotspot, and its research emphasis
Then it is to reduce volume and improves efficiency, it is therefore necessary to proposes one kind DC solid transformer small in size and can improve
The control method of working efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of DC solid transformer and its controlling party
Method, the New Topological and its control method can meet small size and efficient technical need.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of DC solid transformer, including filter inductance, multiple half-bridge submodules and the transformation of multiple DC-DC isolated forms
Device, the direct-flow input end anode after the multiple half-bridge sub-module cascade connect after the filter inductance with medium voltage DC net
Anode connects, and the direct-flow input end cathode after the multiple half-bridge sub-module cascade is connect with the cathode of medium voltage DC net, institute
Direct current output port, direct current output port and low pressure are formed after stating the DC output side parallel connection of multiple DC-DC isolated converters
DC grid or load connection, the direct current input side of each DC-DC isolated converter form direct-flow input end mouth, each
Direct-flow input end mouth is respectively connect with the DC output end of a half-bridge submodule.
The DC-DC isolated converter includes inverter, LC series resonance link, intermediate-frequency transformer, rectifier and
The DC side of one capacitor, the inverter is connect with the DC output end of half-bridge submodule, the exchange side series connection of the inverter
The primary side of the intermediate-frequency transformer is connected after the LC series resonance link, the exchange side of the rectifier connects the intermediate frequency and becomes
The DC side on the secondary side of depressor, first capacitor described in the DC side parallel of the rectifier, the rectifier connects low-voltage direct
Power grid or load.
The inverter and the rectifier include four full-controlled switch containing anti-paralleled diode, and four contain instead simultaneously
The full-controlled switch of union II pole pipe connects into full bridge structure；LC series resonance link includes resonant inductance and resonant capacitance, bunchiness
The connection of connection form.
The half-bridge submodule includes a half-bridge bridge arm and the second capacitor, and the half-bridge bridge arm is contained instead simultaneously by upper and lower two
The full-controlled switch of union II pole pipe is composed in series, and the collector of the upper tube of the half-bridge bridge arm is connected with the anode of the second capacitor,
The emitter of down tube is connect with the cathode of the second capacitor, and the midpoint of the half-bridge bridge arm and the emitter of bridge arm down tube are as half-bridge
The direct-flow input end of submodule, DC output end of the positive and negative anodes of second capacitor as half-bridge submodule.
The control method of the DC solid transformer includes power control and voltage control.
The power control or voltage control are realized by adjusting the operative duty cycles of operation half-bridge submodule, are run
Full-controlled switch in DC-DC isolated converter is with constant 50% duty cycle.In all half-bridge submodules, except operation
Outside half-bridge submodule, remaining half-bridge submodule is in hot stand-by duty, i.e., permanent open-minded in down tube, upper tube off state.Institute
Have in DC-DC isolated converter, in addition to running DC-DC isolated converter, remaining DC-DC isolated converter is in hot standby
It is with state, i.e., permanent to be in all full-controlled switch off states.Operation half-bridge submodule number should be less than or be equal to total half-bridge
Number of modules, operation DC-DC isolated converter number should be less than or are equal to total DC-DC isolated converter number.
It is as follows to run half-bridge submodule number calculating method:
The half-bridge submodule operation number n is able to satisfy minimum half-bridge of medium voltage DC net voltage pressure resistance by calculating
Number of modules n1, and certain margin Δ n is given, and calculate and be able to satisfy the minimum of the DC solid transformer actual motion power
Half-bridge submodule number n2, take n1And n2Both middle the larger value determines:
In formula, n1For the minimum half-bridge submodule number for being able to satisfy the voltage pressure resistance of medium voltage DC net, Δ n is nargin, n2For
It is able to satisfy the minimum half-bridge submodule number of the DC solid transformer actual motion power, UHdcFor medium voltage DC net electricity
Pressure, UdcminFor the minimum operating voltage of half-bridge submodule, PoFor the DC solid transformer actual motion power, PdcnFor
The half-bridge submodule rated power, n are that the half-bridge submodule runs number, and max (), which refers to, to be maximized, and ceil (), which refers to, to be taken
More than or equal to the smallest positive integral of specified expression formula.
DC-DC isolated converter runs number and is equal to half-bridge submodule operation number, when half-bridge submodule is in operation
The DC-DC isolated converter of state, the DC output end connection of operation half-bridge submodule also should be at operating status.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The invention proposes a kind of DC solid transformer and its control method, DC solid transformer has small in size
The characteristics of, be conducive to the area occupied for reducing DC solid transformer, control method can be determined according to actual operating conditions
The operation number of half-bridge submodule and DC-DC isolated converter, do not need whole half-bridge submodules and whole DC-DC every
Release converter is devoted oneself to work, and inoperative half-bridge submodule and inoperative DC-DC isolated converter can be at stand-by heat shape
State is conducive to extend component life and reduces loss, improves whole efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the integrated circuit structural schematic diagram of DC solid transformer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the half-bridge sub-modular structure schematic diagram of DC solid transformer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the DC-DC isolated converter structural schematic diagram of DC solid transformer of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the half-bridge submodule of DC solid transformer of the present invention runs number calculator block diagram.
Fig. 5 is that DC solid transformer of the present invention is in the status diagram under normal operation.
Fig. 6 is a kind of control block diagram of DC solid transformer efficiency of the present invention control.
Fig. 7 is a kind of control block diagram of DC solid transformer voltage of the present invention control.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of DC solid transformer, which is characterized in that including filter inductance 100, multiple half-bridge submodules
Block 200 and multiple DC-DC isolated converters 300, the direct-flow input end anode series connection after multiple half-bridge submodules 200 cascade are filtered
Connect after wave inductance 100 with the anode of medium voltage DC net, multiple half-bridge submodules 200 cascade after direct-flow input end cathode and
The cathode of medium voltage DC net connects, and forms direct current output after the DC output side of multiple DC-DC isolated converters 300 is in parallel
Port, direct current output port and low-voltage direct power grid or load connect, the direct current input of each DC-DC isolated converter 300
Side forms direct-flow input end mouth, and each direct-flow input end mouth is connect with the DC output end of a half-bridge submodule 200, DC-DC
Isolated converter 300 and half-bridge submodule 200 correspond.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, half-bridge submodule 200 includes a half-bridge bridge arm and the second capacitor 210, partly
Bridge bridge arm is composed in series by upper and lower two insulated gate bipolar transistors containing anti-paralleled diode, the collection of the upper tube of half-bridge bridge arm
Electrode and the emitter of down tube are connect with the positive and negative anodes of the second capacitor 210 respectively, the midpoint of half-bridge bridge arm and the hair of bridge arm down tube
Direct-flow input end of the emitter-base bandgap grading as half-bridge submodule 200, direct current of the positive and negative anodes of the second capacitor 210 as half-bridge submodule 200
Output end.
In the present embodiment, there are three different switch states for each half-bridge submodule, respectively put into, cut off and are latched
State.Investment state refers to that bridge insulated gate bipolar transistor is open-minded, lower bridge insulated gate bipolar transistor shutdown, and electric current is total
It is to be circulated by the upper tube of half-bridge, half-bridge submodule output voltage can consider equal to the second capacitance voltage；Excision state refers to
Upper bridge insulated gate bipolar transistor shutdown, down tube is open-minded, and electric current circulates always by the down tube of half-bridge, the output of half-bridge submodule
Voltage can consider equal to 0；Blocking refers to that upper and lower bridge arm insulated gate bipolar transistor simultaneously turns off, this situation master
To start in system, failure and switching dead stage occur.
In the present embodiment, half-bridge submodule can be divided into two classes, respectively operation half-bridge submodule and stand-by heat half-bridge
Module.Operation half-bridge submodule is referred to the switch state of upper and lower bridge arm insulated gate bipolar transistor and is cut with the switching frequency set
The half-bridge submodule changed.Under normal operation, only operation half-bridge submodule puts into and is cutting off between two states to set
Fixed switching frequency switching, upper and lower two bridge arms do complementary conducting.Stand-by heat half-bridge submodule refers to except operation half-bridge submodule
Remaining half-bridge submodule outside block.Stand-by heat half-bridge submodule is when operating normally, if the operating condition of DC solid transformer
It does not change, then permanent to turn off in upper bridge insulated gate bipolar transistor, lower bridge arm opening state is that is, permanent in excision shape
State.Operation half-bridge submodule and the fundamental difference of stand-by heat half-bridge submodule are that the insulated gate run in half-bridge submodule is double
The switching frequency operation that bipolar transistor is needed to set, and stand-by heat half-bridge submodule is in DC solid transformer operating condition
In the case where constant, perseverance is in excision state, i.e., the insulated gate bipolar transistor in half-bridge submodule is without switch motion.
Half-bridge submodule, which runs number and runs number calculating method according to half-bridge submodule, to be determined, total half-bridge submodule number should be greater than or
Equal to operation half-bridge submodule number, operation half-bridge submodule number should be greater than or equal to the half-bridge submodule for being in investment state
Number.Total half-bridge submodule number is able to satisfy the technical requirements that most harsh operating condition proposes, but DC solid transformer is not
It is certain permanent in most harsh operating condition, therefore in the case where operating condition allows, part half-bridge submodule can be set as
Stand-by heat half-bridge submodule reduces the switching loss of switching device, improves complete machine working efficiency.
By running the switching of half-bridge submodule switch state, DC solid transformer can be determined in investment state
Half-bridge submodule number, realize to operation half-bridge submodule output voltage control, with meet operation the pressure resistance of half-bridge submodule with
And the technical requirements that DC solid transformer station high-voltage side bus power proposes.
As shown in figure 3, DC-DC isolated converter 300 includes inverter 310, LC series resonance link 320, intermediate frequency change
Depressor 330, rectifier 340 and first capacitor 350.The DC side of inverter 310 and the DC output end of half-bridge submodule 200 connect
It connects, the primary side of intermediate-frequency transformer 330, rectifier 340 is connected after the exchange side series LC series resonance link 320 of inverter 310
Exchange side connection intermediate-frequency transformer 330 secondary side, the DC side parallel first capacitor 370 of rectifier 340, rectifier 340
DC side connects low-voltage direct power grid or load.
In the present embodiment, inverter and rectifier include four insulated gate bipolar crystal containing anti-paralleled diode
Pipe, four insulated gate bipolar transistors containing anti-paralleled diode connect into full bridge structure.Full bridge structure is a kind of modularization
Structure, convenient for integrated, production and management.
In the present embodiment, LC resonance link includes resonant inductance 350 and resonant capacitance 360, is connected at cascade.LC
Resonance link and inverter, intermediate-frequency transformer and rectifier constitute series resonant converter, are conducive to improve working efficiency, reduce
DC-DC isolated converter volume.
In the present embodiment, the direct current of the operating status of DC-DC isolated converter and DC-DC isolated converter inputs
Hold the operating status of the half-bridge submodule of connection identical.When half-bridge submodule is in operating status, half-bridge submodule direct current output
The DC-DC isolated converter of end connection is also at operating status, i.e. inverter and rectifier in DC-DC isolated converter
In anti-paralleled diode switching frequency operation of the insulated gate bipolar transistor to set.When half-bridge submodule is in hot standby
Hot stand-by duty, i.e. DC- are also at the DC-DC isolated converter of state, the connection of half-bridge submodule DC output end
The insulated gate bipolar transistor of the anti-paralleled diode in inverter and rectifier in DC isolated converter is turned off.
As shown in figure 4, half-bridge submodule runs number n by medium voltage DC net voltage UHdcWith DC solid transformer
Actual motion power PoIt determines.Detailed process is,
The voltage of real-time measurement medium voltage DC net, since there are certain operating voltage range, half-bridges for half-bridge submodule
Submodule needs to cascade the high voltage that could bear medium voltage DC net, considers that half-bridge submodule is in minimum operating voltage, real
When calculate and can bear the minimum half-bridge submodule number of medium voltage DC net voltage, since network voltage may be mutated, to calculating
As a result certain nargin:
In formula, n1For the minimum half-bridge submodule number for being able to satisfy the voltage pressure resistance of medium voltage DC net, Δ n is nargin, abundant
Degree takes 1 or 2, UHdcFor medium voltage DC net voltage, UdcminFor the minimum operating voltage of half-bridge submodule, ceil () refer to take be greater than or
Equal to the smallest positive integral of specified expression formula.
The operation power for reading DC solid transformer in real time calculates in real time since there are rated power for half-bridge submodule
It is able to satisfy the minimum half-bridge submodule number of DC solid transformer station high-voltage side bus power, since Power Systems do not consider generally to dash forward
Become, do not consider nargin:
In formula, n2For the minimum half-bridge submodule number for being able to satisfy DC solid transformer actual motion power, PoIt is straight
Flow solid-state transformer actual motion power, PdcnFor half-bridge submodule rated power, ceil (), which refers to take, is greater than or equal to specified table
Up to the smallest positive integral of formula.
In order to simultaneously meet voltage and power demand, take the maximum value of two above calculated result:
N=max (n1,n2)
N is that half-bridge submodule runs number, and max (), which refers to, to be maximized.
DC-DC isolated converter runs number and is equal to half-bridge submodule operation number, when half-bridge submodule is in operation
The DC-DC isolated converter of state, the DC output end connection of operation half-bridge submodule also should be at operating status.
It should be noted that total half-bridge submodule number and total DC-DC isolated converter number should be respectively greater than or be equal to half-bridge
Submodule runs number and DC-DC isolated converter runs number.
As shown in figure 5, in the present embodiment, DC solid transformer connects medium voltage DC net and low-voltage direct power grid,
DC solid transformer is in the state operated normally, runs a number calculating method through half-bridge submodule and calculates in real time, current work
Under the conditions of work, required operation half-bridge submodule number n is less than total half-bridge submodule number N, therefore n half-bridge submodule is in
Operating status, (N-n) a half-bridge submodule are in hot stand-by duty.DC solid transformer is only to the work of operation half-bridge submodule
It is adjusted as duty ratio to meet work requirements, i.e., operation half-bridge submodule is in PWM state, and stand-by heat half-bridge submodule is permanent
In excision state, i.e. down tube perseverance is open-minded, the shutdown of upper tube perseverance.The working condition of DC-DC isolated converter connected to it half
The working condition of bridge submodule is consistent, and the switching device in operation DC-DC isolated converter is hot standby with 50% duty cycle
It is turned off with the switching device perseverance in DC-DC isolated converter.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, power control includes power ring, total pressure ring, inductive current ring and half-bridge submodule
Block runs number calculator.The output power instruction of DC solid transformer is carried out through power ring, total pressure ring and inductive current ring
After PI is adjusted, result is the half-bridge submodule number k that should be at investment state, should be at the half-bridge submodule number and half of investment state
After the calculated result of bridge submodule operation number calculator is divided by, as a result as the work duty for running half-bridge submodule upper tube
Than most obtaining the control wave of operation half-bridge submodule switching device through PWM modulation afterwards.
As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, voltage control includes Voltage loop, total pressure ring, inductive current ring and half-bridge submodule
Block runs number calculator.The output voltage instruction of DC solid transformer is carried out through Voltage loop, total pressure ring and inductive current ring
After PI is adjusted, result is the half-bridge submodule number k that should be at investment state, should be at the half-bridge submodule number and half of investment state
After the calculated result of bridge submodule operation number calculator is divided by, as a result as the work duty for running half-bridge submodule upper tube
Than most obtaining the control wave of operation half-bridge submodule switching device through PWM modulation afterwards
A specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail above, but specific during the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments
Details can carry out a variety of equivalents to technical solution of the present invention, these are equivalent within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention
Transformation all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of control method of DC solid transformer, it is characterised in that:
The control method of the DC solid transformer includes that power control and voltage control,
Power control or voltage control realized by adjusting the operative duty cycles of operation half-bridge submodule, operation DC-DC every
Full-controlled switch in release converter is with constant 50% duty cycle；In all half-bridge submodules, except operation half-bridge
Outside module, remaining half-bridge submodule is in hot stand-by duty, i.e., permanent open-minded in down tube, upper tube off state；In all DC-DC
In isolated converter, in addition to running DC-DC isolated converter, remaining DC-DC isolated converter is in hot stand-by duty,
It is i.e. permanent to be in all full-controlled switch off states；
It is as follows to run half-bridge submodule number calculating method:
In formula, n1For the minimum half-bridge submodule number for being able to satisfy the voltage pressure resistance of medium voltage DC net, Δ n is nargin, n2For that can expire
The minimum half-bridge submodule number of the foot DC solid transformer station high-voltage side bus power, UHdcFor medium voltage DC net voltage, UdcminFor
The minimum operating voltage of half-bridge submodule, PoFor the DC solid transformer actual motion power, PdcnFor half-bridge
Module rated power, n are that the half-bridge submodule runs number, and max (), which refers to, to be maximized, and ceil (), which refers to take, to be greater than or equal to
The smallest positive integral of specified expression formula；
The DC-DC isolated converter operation number is equal to the half-bridge submodule and runs number, when the half-bridge submodule
Block is in operating status, and the DC-DC isolated converter of the DC output end connection of the operation half-bridge submodule is also answered
It is in operating status.
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| CN109600049A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of DC solid transformer |
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