CN107331906A - A kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure and lithium battery - Google Patents
A kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure and lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN107331906A CN107331906A CN201710536419.2A CN201710536419A CN107331906A CN 107331906 A CN107331906 A CN 107331906A CN 201710536419 A CN201710536419 A CN 201710536419A CN 107331906 A CN107331906 A CN 107331906A
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- lithium battery
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- ksd
- high temperature
- temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to lithium battery high temperature protection technical field, specially a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure and lithium battery, including lithium battery Block frameworks, KSD temperature switches, short-circuit overcurrent connector and heat-conducting layer；Lithium battery Block frameworks are that frame-shaped construction is used for self-contained battery main body, include the positive and negative terminals and the neck of inner side of connection battery main body both positive and negative polarity；Short-circuit overcurrent connector is conductor, is fixed in the neck on the inside of lithium battery Block frameworks, short-circuit overcurrent connector is connected on positive terminal and negative terminal to the KSD temperature switches of lithium battery Block frameworks respectively；KSD temperature switches are installed on lithium battery Block frameworks, are that open type has point temperatures closure function；Heat-conducting layer is attached to battery main body surface and contacted with KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point, and there is the present invention temperature identification and overtemperature to trigger safe short-circuit function, make the heat release of lithium battery thermal runaway gentle, will not occur on fire, blast, reach the function of lithium battery high temperature protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium battery high temperature protection technical field, specially a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure and lithium electricity
Pond.
Background technology
Lithium battery is that a class is negative material, the battery using non-aqueous electrolytic solution by lithium metal or lithium alloy.Lithium electricity
Pond due to having the advantages that small volume light weight, energy high power are big, self-discharge rate is low, environmentally friendly and service life is long, make its by
Gradually turn into the main flow of electrokinetic cell.
With the fast development of new-energy automobile market, lithium battery is got a lot of applications, and its safety problem is increasingly highlighted,
New-energy automobile fire accident happens occasionally, and its security turns into the focus of society.New-energy automobile it is on fire big absolutely
Partly cause is the thermal runaway of lithium battery, and lithium battery thermal runaway is on fire, and thermal expansion exhibition triggers the on fire of whole battery system and vehicle,
Therefore the requirement to the security performance of lithium-ion-power cell becomes stricter.Once existing new-energy automobile lithium battery lithium electricity
Thermal runaway occurs for pond, and battery main body occurs that temperature anomaly is raised, there is thermal runaway hidden danger on fire.
At present, lithium battery safe design is main improves in terms of System Design, typically higher by using heat endurance
Positive and negative pole material, the electrolyte with anti-flaming function, high-melting-point barrier film, ceramic-coated separator, the coating of negative pole ceramic surface, positive pole
Lug ceramic coated, PTC additives etc..Above safety measure can improve the security of battery, suppress battery thermal runaway
Occur and reduce thermal discharge when thermal runaway occurs, to avoid thermal runaway from sending out battery catches fire as far as possible.But with market pair
The continuous improvement of new-energy automobile course continuation mileage requirement, the requirement of battery energy density is constantly lifted, in order to meet energy density
Requirement, battery system design drains all available spaces substantially, and high-energy-density system security is poor, above-mentioned safety
The use of measure often runs in the opposite direction with high-energy-density System Design, it is difficult to fundamentally solve that lithium battery thermal runaway is on fire asks
Topic.
The content of the invention
The present invention is not enough in order to solve existing lithium battery security protection performance, easily occurs that lithium battery thermal runaway is on fire to ask
There is provided a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure for topic.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure, the lithium
Battery includes battery main body and shell, and the high temperature protection structure includes：Lithium battery Block frameworks, KSD temperature switches, short-circuit mistake
Current connection and heat-conducting layer；
The lithium battery Block frameworks are that frame-shaped construction is used for self-contained battery main body, including connection battery main body both positive and negative polarity is just
Negative terminal and the neck of inner side；The short-circuit overcurrent connector is conductor, the neck being fixed on the inside of lithium battery Block frameworks
Interior, short-circuit overcurrent connector is connected on positive terminal and negative terminal to the KSD temperature switches of lithium battery Block frameworks respectively；
The KSD temperature switches are installed on lithium battery Block frameworks, and KSD temperature switches include KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point,
There is point temperatures closure function for open type；
Space of the heat-conducting layer through lithium battery Block frameworks and battery main body, is attached to battery main body surface, and
Contacted with KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point.
Further, KSD temperature switches are installed in lithium battery Block frameworks using forced buckle, and are excessively coordinated
KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point is set to be contacted with heat-conducting layer.
Further, coated insulation layer after short-circuit overcurrent connector insertion lithium battery Block framework necks, prevents short
Road.
Further, the strip of metal that short-circuit overcurrent connector can be made for high internal resistance material, is easily installed；Or
The cylindrical metal filament that high internal resistance material is made, reduces the abrasion between coordinating.
Further, one current-limiting resistance of series connection in the short-circuit overcurrent connector, for adjusting short circuit current flow.
The invention also provides a kind of lithium battery, including lithium battery high temperature protection structure as described above.
A kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the present invention, with temperature identification and overtemperature triggering safety short circuit reduction lithium battery
SOC function, makes the lithium battery safety short circuit reduction lithium battery SOC more than safe temperature, the thermal runaway heat release of low SOC lithium batteries
Gently, will not occur violent heat production so that on fire, blast, has reached the function of lithium battery high temperature protection.Lithium battery of the present invention with
Prior art is compared, with high temperature protection, the low beneficial effect of safe and reliable, rational in infrastructure, cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of plane semi-cutaway of lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the invention.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 J portions enlarged drawing.
Fig. 4 is a kind of profilograph of lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the invention.
Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 B-B sectional views.
Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 C portions enlarged drawing.
Fig. 7 is a kind of shorting link attachment structure schematic diagram of lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a kind of frame connecting structure schematic diagram of lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the lithium battery module schematic diagram constituted using the present invention.
Figure 10 is lithium battery heating test voltage ＆ temperature comparisons' figures with lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the present invention.
Figure 11 is lithium battery heating test voltage ＆ current vs' figures with lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the present invention.
Figure 12 is lithium battery heating test voltage ＆ current vs' figures without lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the present invention.
In figure, 1- lithium battery Block frameworks, 2-KSD temperature switches, 3- short circuit overcurrent connectors, 4- heat-conducting layers, 5- electricity
Tank main body, 6- current-limiting resistances, 7- poles, 8-KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point, 9- lithium battery modules, 10- fixing bolts, 11- short circuits
Overcurrent connector and KSD temperature switches junction, 12- short circuit overcurrent connectors and pole junction.
Embodiment
In order that the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, in conjunction with drawings and Examples, to this
Invention is further elaborated.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
Property work under the premise of the every other embodiment that is obtained, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 8 shows a kind of structural representation of lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the invention.
A kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure, the lithium battery includes battery main body 5 and shell, the high temperature protection structure bag
Include：Lithium battery Block frameworks 1, KSD temperature switches 2, short-circuit overcurrent connector 3 and heat-conducting layer 4；
The lithium battery Block frameworks 1 are that frame-shaped construction is used for self-contained battery main body 5, including connect battery main body both positive and negative polarity
Positive and negative terminals 7 and the neck of inner side；The short-circuit overcurrent connector 3 is conductor, is fixed on the inner side of lithium battery Block frameworks 1
Neck in, positive terminal and negative terminal to the KSD temperature that short-circuit overcurrent connector 3 connects lithium battery Block frameworks 1 respectively are opened
Close on 2；
The KSD temperature switches 2 are installed on lithium battery Block frameworks 1, and KSD temperature switches 2 include KSD temperature switch temperature-sensitives
Point 8, is that open type has point temperatures closure function；
Space of the heat-conducting layer 4 through lithium battery Block frameworks 1 and battery main body 5, is attached to the surface of battery main body 5,
And contacted with KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point 8.
Further, KSD temperature switches 2 are installed in lithium battery Block frameworks 1 using forced buckle, and are excessively matched somebody with somebody
Conjunction makes KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point 8 be contacted with heat-conducting layer 4.
Further, coated insulation layer after the short-circuit neck of the insertion lithium battery Block of overcurrent connector 3 frameworks 1, prevents short
Road.
Further, short-circuit overcurrent connector 3 can be strip of metal, be easily installed；Or cylindrical metal filament,
Reduce the abrasion between coordinating.
Embodiment one, as shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 6, KSD temperature switches 2 are open type thermo bimetal's Kick type temperature detect switch (TDS), its
Performance matches with the size and amount of capacity of battery main body 5, and large scale is selected when size and the larger capacity of battery main body 5
The KSD temperature switch 2 strong with conveyance capacity, the closure triggering of KSD temperature switches 2 temperature can be selected according to actual needs.This implementation
The selected operating temperature of KSD temperature switches 2 of example is that lithium battery safe temperature higher limit is 100 DEG C.Short-circuit overcurrent connector 3 is selected
High internal resistance alloy material is made, for example：Nichrome, Aludirome, its resistance make short-circuit current value be defined in lithium battery appearance
1-3 times of amount, short circuit current flow IShort circuit=UBattery/RShort-circuit overcurrent connector.For example：When lithium battery is 4.2V40Ah, lithium battery of the present invention is high
The short-circuit current value of warm current design manual of protective structures is 40A-120A, and the internal resistance value of short-circuit overcurrent connector 3 is 35m Ω -100m Ω.
As shown in fig. 7, short-circuit overcurrent connector is connected 11 with KSD temperature switches, short-circuit overcurrent connector is connected 12 with pole.
When lithium battery spontaneous heating or external heat conduction rise lithium battery constant temperature, heat-conducting layer 4 is by heat transfer
To KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point 8, when lithium battery temperature is less than 100 DEG C of safe temperature higher limit, KSD temperature switches 2 are in opening
Road.After lithium battery temperature is beyond 100 DEG C of safe temperature, KSD temperature switches 2 are closed, and now the positive and negative interpolar of lithium battery passes through short
Pass by current connection 3 and KSD temperature switches 2 form short-circuit connection, lithium battery proceeds by quick from short circuit dischange reduction
Itself SOC, lithium battery heat endurance under low SOC states is higher, and the thermal runaway heat release of low SOC lithium batteries can be relatively mild, no
Can occur violent heat production so that on fire, blast, plays lithium battery high temperature protection function.
KSD temperature switches 2 have two kinds of mode of operations, and one kind is switch closure after overtemperature, when environment temperature returns to safety
Switch is automatic in temperature range disconnects；It is another to switch closure for overtemperature, until extraneous manual intervention switch can just recover to disconnect
State.The KSD temperature switches 2 of different working modes can be selected according to actual needs.
Embodiment two, short-circuit overcurrent connector 3 is from the high metal material of conductance as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, for example：
Copper, aluminium etc..In order to control short circuit current flow, it is to avoid short circuit current flow is excessive to cause KSD temperature switches 2 and short-circuit overcurrent connector
3 overheats, a current-limiting resistance 6 of being connected in short-circuit overcurrent connector 3, to reach the purpose of regulation short circuit current flow, short circuit electricity
Flow IShort circuit=UBattery/（RShort-circuit overcurrent connector+RCurrent-limiting resistance）, short-circuit current value is defined in 1-3 times of lithium battery capacity.
The invention also provides a kind of lithium battery, including lithium battery high temperature protection structure as described above.As shown in figure 9, by
The lithium battery group of multiple applications lithium battery high temperature protection structures of the present invention into lithium battery module 9, lithium battery superposition passes through fixation
Bolt 10 is fixed, and can constitute lithium battery module 9.
Figure 10 schemes to possess lithium battery high temperature protection structure lithium battery heating test voltage ＆ temperature comparisons of the present invention, Figure 11
To possess lithium battery high temperature protection structure lithium battery heating test voltage ＆ current vs' figures of the present invention.As illustrated, having used this
The lithium battery of invention lithium battery high temperature protection structure, KSD temperature switches are triggered when battery main body temperature is increased to 100 DEG C or so
Closure, battery occur short circuit current flow from 95A gradually decrease to 70A when lithium battery there occurs thermal runaway.Short-circuit process continue for 17
Minute, voltage drops to lithium battery after 3.7V from 4.1V and occurs thermal runaway voltage transient falling to 0V.Lithium battery is entirely heated
Cheng Wendu risings are more steady, and when thermal runaway occurs for lithium battery, temperature is because cell deformation is fluctuated, and further battery main body is held
Up to 300 DEG C of continuing rising start cooling, do not occur on fire, illustrates that lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the present invention effectively controls lithium electric
The thermal runaway exotherm rate in pond and total thermal discharge.
Figure 12 is without the voltage ＆ current vs that test is heated using lithium battery high temperature protection structure lithium battery of the present invention
Figure, as illustrated, when lithium battery temperature is increased to 200 DEG C or so generation thermal runaways.Voltage quickly falls to 0V, lithium electricity by 4.1V
It is on fire that pond temperature is increased to 1300 DEG C or so generations by 200 DEG C rapidly.
By experimental verification, a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure of the invention can be effectively reduced the SOC of lithium battery, drop
Exotherm rate and total thermal discharge during low lithium battery generation thermal runaway.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only that for clarity, those skilled in the art should
Using specification as an entirety, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
It may be appreciated other embodiment.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure, the lithium battery includes battery main body and shell, its spy of the high temperature protection structure
Levy and be：Including lithium battery Block frameworks, KSD temperature switches, short-circuit overcurrent connector and heat-conducting layer；
The lithium battery Block frameworks are that frame-shaped construction is used for self-contained battery main body, including connection battery main body both positive and negative polarity is just
Negative terminal and the neck of inner side；The short-circuit overcurrent connector is conductor, the neck being fixed on the inside of lithium battery Block frameworks
Interior, short-circuit overcurrent connector is connected on positive terminal and negative terminal to the KSD temperature switches of lithium battery Block frameworks respectively；
The KSD temperature switches are installed on lithium battery Block frameworks, and KSD temperature switches include KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point,
There is point temperatures closure function for open type；
Space of the heat-conducting layer through lithium battery Block frameworks and battery main body, is attached to battery main body surface, and
Contacted with KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point.
2. a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The KSD temperature switches are adopted
It is installed on forced buckle in lithium battery Block frameworks, and excessively coordinating makes KSD temperature switches temperature-sensitive point be connect with heat-conducting layer
Touch.
3. a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The short-circuit overcurrent
One current-limiting resistance of series connection in connector, for adjusting short circuit current flow.
4. a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The short-circuit overcurrent
Connector is the strip of metal being made up of high internal resistance alloy material, and the high internal resistance alloy material may be selected from：Nichrome, siderochrome
Aluminium alloy.
5. a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The short-circuit overcurrent
Connector is the cylindrical metal filament being made up of high internal resistance alloy material, and the high internal resistance alloy material may be selected from：Nichrome,
Aludirome.
6. a kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The short-circuit overcurrent
Coated insulation layer after connector insertion lithium battery Block framework necks.
7. a kind of lithium battery, it is characterised in that：Including the lithium battery high temperature protection knot as described in any one in claim 1-6
Structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710536419.2A CN107331906B (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2017-07-04 | A kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure and lithium battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710536419.2A CN107331906B (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2017-07-04 | A kind of lithium battery high temperature protection structure and lithium battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107331906A true CN107331906A (en) | 2017-11-07 |
| CN107331906B CN107331906B (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109860740A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of control method, device and battery pack for alleviating the sprawling of battery pack thermal runaway |
| CN110370984A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-10-25 | 清华大学 | Power battery thermal runaway method for early warning |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1255253A (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 2000-05-31 | 艾利森公司 | Battery with charge control circuitary |
| CN103000957A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-27 | 杭州万好万家动力电池有限公司 | Chargeable electric bicycle lithium battery module with function of thermal runaway protection |
| CN204834789U (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-02 | 陈小冰 | Lithium ion batteries cathode materials protection device |
-
2017
- 2017-07-04 CN CN201710536419.2A patent/CN107331906B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1255253A (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 2000-05-31 | 艾利森公司 | Battery with charge control circuitary |
| CN103000957A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-27 | 杭州万好万家动力电池有限公司 | Chargeable electric bicycle lithium battery module with function of thermal runaway protection |
| CN204834789U (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-02 | 陈小冰 | Lithium ion batteries cathode materials protection device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109860740A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of control method, device and battery pack for alleviating the sprawling of battery pack thermal runaway |
| CN110370984A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-10-25 | 清华大学 | Power battery thermal runaway method for early warning |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN107331906B (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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