CN107330220B - Coal seam bedding gas drilling hole design method considering permeability anisotropy - Google Patents
Coal seam bedding gas drilling hole design method considering permeability anisotropy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing bedding gas drill holes of a coal seam in consideration of permeability anisotropy, which provides a set of reasonable bedding gas drill hole designing methods in consideration of permeability anisotropy through technical means of theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and experimental field data comparison.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine coal seam gas extraction, and particularly relates to a coal seam bedding gas drilling design method considering permeability anisotropy.
Background
The coal seam bedding drilling pre-pumping gas is one of the important technical means for coal mine gas control. The main factors influencing the coal seam bedding drilling and gas pre-pumping effect depend on the permeability of the coal seam and drilling and pumping process parameters (hole arrangement direction, hole arrangement density, drilling depth, drilling diameter, pumping and pumping negative pressure and the like) besides the gas content of the coal seam. The improvement of the coal bed permeability is a worldwide problem, and although years of research show that the remarkable effect of universality cannot be achieved; in addition, the traditional coal seam bedding drilling gas pre-pumping method and process have the problems of large drilling construction amount, low construction speed, long construction period, low drilling utilization rate, small single-hole extraction amount, low extraction rate, long extraction period, extraction blind areas and the like, and the problems easily cause the imbalance of the extraction proportion of the mine, influence the production continuation of the mine and fail to meet the safety production requirement of the mine. Therefore, under the conditions of time tightness and large engineering quantity, the gas pre-extraction technology can solve the contradictions by means of long-distance directional drilling along the stratum. Although the bedding long-distance directional drilling pre-extraction coal seam gas technology has the advantages that the technology has higher popularization value, the drilling extraction lacks a scientific and reasonable design scheme, the selection of some extraction technical parameters such as hole distribution directions, drilling hole intervals, extraction negative pressure and the like mostly depends on the traditional design thought and experience, and the anisotropic characteristic of the coal seam permeability is not considered. Therefore, the anisotropic coal permeability evolution model is deeply researched and considered, the three-dimensional flow numerical simulation program of the coal bed gas based on the anisotropic coal permeability evolution model is developed, a set of coal bed bedding drilling gas pre-pumping optimization design method considering the anisotropic coal permeability is provided, and the method has important theoretical and practical significance for fully exerting the advantages of bedding long-distance directional drilling gas pre-pumping technology and promoting the improvement of coal mine gas control level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to develop a coal seam gas three-dimensional flow numerical simulation program based on an anisotropic coal permeability evolution model according to the established anisotropic coal permeability evolution model, and finally provides a drilling and hole distribution scheme for the anisotropic coal seam bedding gas, which can accurately predict gas extraction quantity and pre-extraction period.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the coal seam bedding gas drilling hole design method considering permeability anisotropy specifically comprises the following steps:
1) collecting a large coal sample with the volume of more than or equal to 15cm x 15cm on a target coal seam working face, calibrating the accurate spatial position of the collected coal sample on site (specifically comprising the distance between the upper and lower boundary lines of the coal sample and a top and bottom plate, the spatial orientation of the coal sample and the positional relationship between the coal sample and a roadway), and labeling the corresponding part of the mine geological data;
2) transporting the collected coal samples back to a laboratory, sleeving cylindrical coal samples with the diameter of 5cm and the length of 10cm in different directions by using a testing machine, further determining the anisotropy characteristic of the permeability of the coal bed by using the coal samples, and simultaneously determining various basic parameters of the coal by using crushed coal;
3) analyzing occurrence states of coal beds according to mine geological data, and marking the directions of maximum permeability of coal beds in different areas of the same coal bed on the mine geological data;
4) comprehensively analyzing the mine geological data result and the permeability experiment test result, determining the maximum permeability direction of the coal bed in a specific area, and further determining the hole distribution direction of the drilled holes, wherein the hole distribution direction of the drilled holes is to ensure that the axial direction of the drilled holes is vertical to the maximum permeability direction;
5) before large-scale construction drilling, a part of experimental drilling holes are drilled, and drilling hole distribution parameters and extraction flow change are recorded. Fitting the extraction flow by adopting a researched and developed coal bed gas three-dimensional flow numerical simulation program, and preliminarily determining simulation parameters capable of representing the coal bed;
6) fitting the flow data of other drill holes by using the preliminarily determined simulation parameters, determining the simulation parameters capable of reflecting the coal seam characteristics according to the quality of the fitting result, selecting the parameters as the simulation parameters if the fitting result is good, and continuously performing experimental drilling to adjust the simulation parameters if the fitting result is not good;
7) performing numerical simulation on the extraction scheme in advance by using the finally determined simulation parameters, determining reasonable parameters such as drilling hole depth, hole spacing, negative pressure and the like, and predicting gas extraction quantity and a pre-extraction period;
8) constructing the coal seam gas extraction drill hole with consideration of coal seam permeability anisotropy, and selecting a proper drill hole construction and later maintenance process according to actual conditions of a mining area;
9) in the extraction process, the extraction data are recorded in time, and the difference between the actual extraction effect and the prediction result is contrastively analyzed, so that guidance is provided for the subsequent extraction design adjustment;
the coal bed gas three-dimensional flow numerical simulation program is developed by applying C + + language on the basis of a three-dimensional non-uniform grid finite difference numerical model, wherein the three-dimensional non-uniform grid finite difference numerical model is established according to a coal bed gas flow control equation considering anisotropy.
The coal bed gas flow control equation considering the anisotropy is obtained by correcting the coal bed gas flow control equation based on a coal anisotropy coal permeability model.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a set of reasonable permeability anisotropy considered coal seam bedding gas drilling hole design method through theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and experimental field data comparison, and the method has the main advantages that:
(1) the coal seam bedding gas drilling design method considering permeability anisotropy overcomes the blindness that the conventional coal seam drilling extraction drilling hole distribution design lacks theoretical support, and improves the reasonable and effective utilization rate of drilling.
(2) The hole distribution scheme obtained based on the coal seam permeability anisotropy can obviously improve the gas extraction quantity, the field data shows that the maximum single-hole extraction quantity can be improved by 20 times, and the minimum obvious extraction effect can also be improved by several times.
(3) By utilizing the coal bed gas three-dimensional flow numerical simulation program, the gas extraction amount and the pre-extraction period can be accurately predicted in advance, and a basis is provided for arrangement of a mine mining continuation plan.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a bulk coal sample according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bulk coal sample sampling site according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of gas drilling and hole placement of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the direction of maximum permeability of the present invention as a function of borehole;
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings
The coal seam bedding gas drilling hole design method considering permeability anisotropy, disclosed by the invention, as shown in figures 1-4, comprises the following specific implementation steps:
(1) collecting a large coal sample 5 in a target coal seam 2, and calibrating the accurate spatial position of the collected coal sample on site, wherein the accurate spatial position specifically comprises a distance H1 between the coal sample and a top plate 1 and a distance H2 between the coal sample and a bottom plate 3; the spatial orientation of the coal sample is marked by a three-dimensional coordinate system consistent with the roadway, wherein the x direction is the trend direction of the coal bed, the y direction is the trend direction of the coal bed, and the z direction is the vertical direction of the coal bed; and simultaneously recording the position relation between the large coal sample 5 and the roadway 4, and labeling the corresponding part of the mine geological data.
(2) The collected large coal samples 5 are transported back to a laboratory, cylindrical coal samples with the diameter of 5cm and the length of 10cm in different directions are extracted by using an experimental machine, the axial direction of the coal samples is recorded when the cylindrical coal samples are extracted, and the axial direction is recorded as the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively, so that the anisotropic characteristic of the permeability of the coal bed is further determined, the test result shows that the permeability of the coal bed in the direction (x direction) is the largest, the permeability of the coal bed in the direction (y direction) is the second, and the permeability of the coal bed in the vertical direction (z direction) is the smallest, and all basic parameters are determined by using the extracted coal samples.
(3) According to occurrence conditions of coal seams in the mine geological data, the maximum permeability directions 6 of the coal seams 201, 202 and 203 in different areas of the same coal seam are marked on the mine geological data.
(4) Comprehensively analyzing the results of mine geological data and permeability experiments, and comprehensively analyzing the results of the mine geological data and the results of the permeability experiments, and determining the directions of the maximum permeability of coal seams in different areas of the same coal seam, wherein the directions 6 of the maximum permeability of the coal seams 201, 202 and 203 in the areas form included angles (90-alpha), (90-beta) and (90-gamma) with the coal wall respectively, so that the hole distribution azimuth angle of the drilled holes of the coal seams in the areas can be determined, the axial direction of the drilled holes is vertical to the direction of the maximum permeability, and the hole distribution azimuth angles of the drilled holes of the coal seams 201, 202 and 203 in the areas are respectively alpha, beta and gamma.
(5) Before large-scale construction drilling, a part of experimental drilling holes are drilled, and drilling hole distribution parameters and extraction flow change are recorded. And fitting the extraction flow by adopting a researched and developed coal bed gas three-dimensional flow numerical simulation program, and preliminarily determining simulation parameters capable of representing the coal bed.
(6) And fitting the flow data of other drill holes by using the preliminarily determined simulation parameters, determining the simulation parameters capable of reflecting the coal seam characteristics according to the quality of the fitting result, selecting the parameters as the simulation parameters if the fitting result is good, and continuously performing the experimental drill holes to adjust the simulation parameters if the fitting result is not ideal.
(7) And performing numerical simulation on the extraction scheme in advance by using the finally determined simulation parameters, determining reasonable parameters such as the hole depth of the drill hole, the hole spacing, the negative pressure and the like, and predicting the gas extraction quantity and the pre-extraction period.
(8) The coal seam gas extraction drill hole with the coal seam permeability anisotropy considered is constructed, and a proper drill hole construction and later maintenance process is selected according to the actual conditions of a mining area.
(9) And in the extraction process, the extraction data is recorded in time, and the difference between the actual extraction effect and the prediction result is contrastively analyzed, so that guidance is provided for the subsequent extraction design adjustment.
Claims (3)
1. The coal seam bedding gas drilling hole design method considering permeability anisotropy specifically comprises the following steps:
1) collecting a large coal sample with the volume of more than or equal to 15cm x 15cm on a target coal seam working face, calibrating the accurate spatial position of the collected coal sample on site, specifically comprising the distance between the upper boundary line and the lower boundary line of the coal sample and a top bottom plate, the spatial orientation of the coal sample and the positional relationship between the coal sample and a roadway, and labeling the corresponding part of the geological data of the mine;
2) transporting the collected coal samples back to a laboratory, sleeving cylindrical coal samples with the diameter of 5cm and the length of 10cm in different directions by using a testing machine, further determining the anisotropy characteristic of the permeability of the coal bed by using the coal samples, and simultaneously determining various basic parameters of the coal by using crushed coal;
3) analyzing occurrence states of coal beds according to mine geological data, and marking the directions of maximum permeability of coal beds in different areas of the same coal bed on the mine geological data;
4) comprehensively analyzing the mine geological data result and the permeability experiment test result, determining the maximum permeability direction of the coal bed in a specific area, and further determining the hole distribution direction of the drilled holes, wherein the hole distribution direction of the drilled holes is to ensure that the axial direction of the drilled holes is vertical to the maximum permeability direction;
5) before large-scale construction of drilling, drilling partial experimental drill holes, recording drilling hole distribution parameters and extraction flow change, fitting extraction flow by adopting a researched and developed coal seam gas three-dimensional flow numerical simulation program, and preliminarily determining simulation parameters capable of representing a coal seam;
6) fitting the flow data of other drill holes by using the preliminarily determined simulation parameters, determining the simulation parameters capable of reflecting the coal seam characteristics according to the quality of the fitting result, selecting the parameters as the simulation parameters if the fitting result is good, and continuously performing experimental drilling to adjust the simulation parameters if the fitting result is not good;
7) performing numerical simulation on the extraction scheme in advance by using the finally determined simulation parameters, determining reasonable drilling hole depth, hole spacing and negative pressure parameters, and predicting gas extraction quantity and a pre-extraction period;
8) constructing the coal seam gas extraction drill hole with consideration of coal seam permeability anisotropy, and selecting a proper drill hole construction and later maintenance process according to actual conditions of a mining area;
9) and in the extraction process, the extraction data is recorded in time, and the difference between the actual extraction effect and the prediction result is contrastively analyzed, so that guidance is provided for the subsequent extraction design adjustment.
2. The design method for gas drilling holes in bedding coal seam considering permeability anisotropy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal bed gas three-dimensional flow numerical simulation program is developed by applying C + + language on the basis of a three-dimensional non-uniform grid finite difference numerical model, wherein the three-dimensional non-uniform grid finite difference numerical model is established according to a coal bed gas flow control equation considering anisotropy.
3. The design method for gas drilling holes in bedding coal seam considering permeability anisotropy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the coal bed gas flow control equation considering the anisotropy is obtained by correcting the coal bed gas flow control equation based on a coal anisotropy coal permeability model.
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| CN109446602B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2022-09-09 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Numerical test method for extracting gas from ultra-thick coal seam through ground vertical drilling |
| CN110118713B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2022-10-25 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for testing in-situ anisotropy main permeability of coal bed |
| CN112727534B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-11-23 | 重庆大学 | Gas drilling hole arrangement method based on true three-dimensional stress and permeability dynamic change |
| CN115110921B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-07-14 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Pressure-maintaining displacement extraction method for gas in permeable anisotropic coal seam |
| CN116663276B (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2024-01-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Synchronous inversion method for coal bed gas pressure and permeability |
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