CN107326700B - Non-aqueous dyeing process method for fabric - Google Patents

Non-aqueous dyeing process method for fabric Download PDF

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CN107326700B
CN107326700B CN201610278279.9A CN201610278279A CN107326700B CN 107326700 B CN107326700 B CN 107326700B CN 201610278279 A CN201610278279 A CN 201610278279A CN 107326700 B CN107326700 B CN 107326700B
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fabric
solution
reactive dye
reverse micelle
color fixing
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CN107326700A (en
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简志伟
王燕茗
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Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU
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Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/38—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6138—Polymerisation products of glycols, e.g. Carbowax, Pluronics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/10—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups using reactive dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/14—Wool
    • D06P3/148—Wool using reactive dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
    • D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
    • D06P3/66—Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/02—After-treatment
    • D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-aqueous dyeing process method for fabric, which comprises the following steps: premixing a nonionic surfactant and an auxiliary surfactant, and dissolving the mixture in an organic solvent to prepare a reverse micelle solution; slowly injecting a reactive dye solution into the reverse micelle solution and continuously stirring until the reverse micelle solution is changed from turbid to clear to obtain a reverse micelle-encapsulated reactive dye solution; immersing the fabric in a reactive dye liquid packaged by a reverse micelle, and continuously vibrating at a constant temperature to perform adsorption dyeing until the adsorption dyeing reaches a balance; and adding a color fixing agent solution to obtain a reverse micelle-sealed color fixing agent solution, and continuously vibrating at a constant temperature to realize color fixing of the fabric. The invention adopts a one-bath method based on the nonionic surfactant to dye the fabric, so that the cost can be reduced and the dyeing effect can be ensured; meanwhile, the organic solvent is used as a medium, so that the water consumption can be reduced, the organic solvent can be effectively recovered, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

Description

Non-aqueous dyeing process method for fabric
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spinning, in particular to a non-aqueous dyeing process method for fabrics.
Background
Textile dyeing processes are generally carried out in aqueous media, but water-based dyeing methods and subsequent washing processes have adverse environmental effects, such as the emission of chemical pollutants and large amounts of colored waste water. Attempts have therefore been made to introduce new concepts in dyeing technology that avoid excessive water use, and in recent years dyeing technology that does not use water as a solvent has also been investigated.
In the existing dyeing technology, reverse micelle encapsulated dye (reversed micelle encapsulated dye) in organic solvent has been noticed as an alternative dyeing process, which can be used to reduce the amount of water used and also to facilitate uniform dyeing. Most of the reverse micelles used in the fabric dyeing process are composed of anionic surfactants, especially dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT), and the ionic head groups of the surfactant molecules used to form the reverse micelles adversely affect the polarity of the "pool" and, due to the interaction between electrostatic charges, the heterogeneous water microenvironment also negatively affects the application of the reverse micelles, such as the controlled release of reactive dyes on the fabric material and the competitive adsorption between the fabric surface and the polar head of the reverse micelle. Analytical studies on the kinetic adsorption curves and the measured K/S values show that nonionic surfactant-based reverse micelles such as 100 (polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether) (Triton X-100) do not have a significant adverse effect on the staining ability. Therefore, we can develop a nonionic surfactant-based reverse micelle for improving the dyeing ability of fabrics and further improving the process steps such as the fixation treatment therein. The existing dyeing process usually adopts a two-bath method, namely dyeing and color fixing are divided into two different containers for treatment, and the dyeing effect is poor due to the fact that the raw material proportion and the process parameters are not optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a non-aqueous dyeing process method for a fabric by using a one-bath method, aiming at the defects that the ionic dyeing method adopting the two-bath method in the existing dyeing method is easy to cause raw material waste and has poor dyeing effect.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the non-aqueous dyeing process for the fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, premixing the nonionic surfactant and the auxiliary surfactant, mixing and dissolving in an organic solvent to prepare a reverse micelle solution;
s2, dissolving a reactive dye in water to form a reactive dye solution, slowly injecting the reactive dye solution into the reverse micelle solution, and continuously stirring until the reverse micelle solution is changed from turbid to clear to obtain a reverse micelle-encapsulated reactive dye solution;
s3, immersing the fabric in the reactive dye solution packaged by the reverse micelle, and continuously vibrating at a constant temperature to carry out adsorption dyeing until the adsorption dyeing reaches balance;
s4, dissolving the color fixing agent in a small amount of water to obtain a color fixing agent solution; and (4) adding the color fixing agent solution into the reactive dye solution immersed with the reverse micelle encapsulation of the fabric in the step S3 to obtain the color fixing agent solution encapsulated by the reverse micelle, and continuously vibrating at a constant temperature to realize color fixing of the fabric. In the non-aqueous dyeing process for fabrics of the present invention,
after step S4, the non-aqueous dyeing process for fabric further includes step S5: taking out the fabric, washing the fabric in a hot water bath by using a cleaning agent, and then washing the fabric by using water; and step S6: spreading and airing the dyed fabric.
In the non-aqueous fabric dyeing method, in step S1, the non-ionic surfactant is long-chain polyglycol ether, and the molecular formula of the long-chain polyglycol ether is as follows: r1-O-（CH2CH2O）n-R2Wherein R is1Is H or C1～C4A type alkyl group; r2Being linear or branched C6～C18An alkyl group; n is an integer ranging from 7 to 12; in step S1, the co-surfactant is C5～C10An alkyl alcohol; the molar ratio of the auxiliary surfactant to the nonionic surfactant is 6-8.
In the non-aqueous dyeing process for fabric of the present invention, the nonionic surfactant is polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether, wherein R is1Is H, R2Is linear C13Alkyl, n is 12; the auxiliary surfactant is n-octanol (C)8H17OH)。
In the non-aqueous dyeing process for fabric of the present invention, in step S1, the organic solvent is C6-C9An organic solvent for an alkane; the molar concentration range of the nonionic surfactant in the organic solvent is 0.15 mol/L-0.36 mol/L.
In the non-aqueous fabric dyeing process of the invention, the organic solvent is n-octane (C)8H18)。
In the non-aqueous fabric dyeing process, in step S2, a reactive dye is dissolved in a small amount of water to prepare a reactive dye solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.3-20%, the volume ratio of the reverse micelle solution to the reactive dye solution is 14-50, and the reactive dye solution is slowly injected into the reverse micelle solution and continuously stirred at the speed of 400-1000 rpm.
In the non-aqueous dyeing process of the fabric, in step S3, the bath ratio of the fabric to the reactive dye solution encapsulated by the reverse micelles ranges from 1: 15-1: 7, the percentage of the mass of the reactive dye contained in the reactive dye liquid packaged by the reverse micelle to the mass of the fabric is 0.1-6%, the fabric is immersed in the reactive dye liquid packaged by the reverse micelle and then continuously vibrated at a certain frequency under a constant temperature condition, wherein the constant temperature is any one temperature of 313-333K, the vibration frequency range is 105 times/min-120 times/min, and the vibration time range is 0.6-1.5 hours.
In the non-aqueous dyeing process for fabric of the present invention, in step S4, the fixing agent is a weak base fixing agent; the concentration of the color fixing agent solution is 4 g/L-18 g/L; the volume ratio of the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelle to the color fixing agent solution is 15-50; and after the color fixing agent solution is added, obtaining a color fixing agent solution packaged by the reverse micelle, and continuously vibrating at a certain frequency under a constant temperature condition, wherein the constant temperature is any one temperature of 313-333K, the vibration frequency range is 105 times/min-120 times/min, and the vibration time range is 1 hour-2 hours.
In the non-aqueous dyeing process for the fabric, the fabric applied by the method is cotton fabric, wool or real silk.
The implementation of the non-aqueous dyeing process method of the fabric has the following beneficial effects: the dyeing and color fixing processes are realized in the same container by adopting a one-bath method, so that the raw material cost is saved, the fabric can be effectively dyed by using the reactive dye encapsulated by the reverse micelle formed by the nonionic surfactant, the dyeing process is low in cost, the dyeing quality is good, and the operation is easy and safe; in the dyeing process, a better dyeing effect can be achieved without harsh process conditions, so that the energy consumption is saved; in the process of carrying out a non-aqueous dyeing process on the fabric by using the reactive dye, the non-aqueous dyeing process is basically completed under a medium temperature condition, the reactive dye is not easy to degrade, and finally, the dyed fabric is not easy to fade or fade in color intensity after the non-aqueous dyeing process is completed; by using the organic solvent as a medium, the water consumption can be reduced, the colored wastewater amount can be further reduced, the organic solvent can be effectively recovered, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a non-aqueous fabric dyeing process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of K/S value measurements for fabrics made by the non-aqueous dyeing process of fabrics of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of K/S values of a control fabric prepared by a conventional dyeing process.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the non-aqueous dyeing process of fabric according to the present invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
the invention provides a process method for dyeing a fabric in an organic solvent by using a nonionic surfactant reverse micelle-encapsulated hydrophilic reactive dye, namely a nonaqueous dyeing process, which can reduce the water consumption and has effective dyeability, namely excellent dyeing effect. By "non-aqueous dyeing process" is meant that the solvent used in the dyeing process is an organic solvent (i.e., a non-aqueous solvent). Since the reactive dyes are water soluble, they must be dissolved in a very small amount of water and then added to an organic solvent containing a non-ionic surfactant in which the hydrophilic segment of the non-ionic surfactant interacts with the reactive dye solution to self-assemble into nano-sized "pool" structures called reverse micelles. In addition, the one-bath method is adopted to replace the traditional two-bath method, and the nonionic surfactant is used for high-quality dyeing and color fixation in a single container, so that the dyeing effect is improved, and the raw material and energy cost is saved.
As shown in FIG. 1, the non-aqueous dyeing method of fabric provided by the invention comprises the following steps, which are specifically described as follows. It should be noted that the temperature used in the present invention is Kelvin temperature, and the unit is "K".
S1, preparing a reverse micelle solution: premixing the nonionic surfactant and the auxiliary surfactant by stirring, mixing and dissolving in an organic solvent to prepare the reverse micelle solution. The organic solvent selects an inert solvent as a medium, and under the action of the auxiliary surfactant, the lipophilic chain segment of the nonionic surfactant can face to the environment of an organic phase, so that the hydrophilic chain segment of the nonionic surfactant can face to a hydrophilic dye 'water pool' to be assembled into a stable reverse micelle solution. The co-surfactant functions to enhance the stability of the reverse micelle structure in the organic solvent.
Wherein the nonionic surfactant is long-chain polyglycol ether, and the molecular formula of the long-chain polyglycol ether is as follows: r1-O-（CH2CH2O）n-R2， R1Represents H or C1～C4A type alkyl group; r2C, represented as linear or branched6～C18An alkyl group; n is an integer in the range of 7 to 12. The auxiliary surfactant is C5～C10The alkyl alcohol, when the length of the carbon chain of the auxiliary surfactant is closer to the length of the carbon chain of the nonionic surfactant, the reverse micelle solution formed by the alkyl alcohol and the auxiliary surfactant has larger capability of loading the reactive dye.
The above nonionic surfactant is preferably polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether in which R is1Is H, R2Is linear C13The polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether is low in price and easy to obtain, a reverse micelle solution formed by the polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether serving as a nonionic surfactant is relatively stable, and a stable 'water pool' is formed by interaction of a hydrophilic chain segment of the polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether and a reactive dye solution more easily, so that the reactive dye is well concentrated in the 'water pool' of the reverse micelle. And the co-surfactant is preferably n-octanol (i.e., C)8H17OH) for the purpose of cost compromise and to increase as much as possible the stability of the reverse micelles and the ability of the reverse micelles to support the reactive dye solution, n-octanol to C9～C10The alkyl alcohol has low price and can also achieve the effects of better enhancing the stability of the reverse micelle solution and improving the capability of the reverse micelle solution for loading the reactive dye.
The organic solvent is preferably an inert solvent, and is preferably C6～C9An organic solvent for the alkyl group. More preferably, the organic solvent is n-octane (i.e., C)8H18) Not only has better inertia, but also the polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether and the n-octanol can more easily form stable reverse micelle solution in the n-octane.
Wherein the molar concentration range of the nonionic surfactant in the organic solvent is 0.15-0.36 mol/L, preferably 0.16 mol/L; the molar ratio of the auxiliary surfactant to the nonionic surfactant is 6-8, preferably 7.
S2, packaging: dissolving a reactive dye in a small amount of water to prepare a reactive dye solution with the mass percent concentration of 0.3-20%, slowly injecting the reactive dye solution into the reverse micelle solution and continuously stirring, wherein the stirring speed is preferably 400-1000 rpm until the reverse micelle solution is changed from turbid to clear, so as to obtain the reverse micelle-encapsulated reactive dye solution, and the volume ratio of the reverse micelle solution to the reactive dye solution is preferably 14-50, and more preferably 30. The reactive dye can be Levafix Red CA dye, Levafix Blue CA dye or Levafix Yellow CA dye, etc.
S3, adsorption dyeing: immersing the fabric in the reactive dye solution packaged by the reverse micelle, and continuously vibrating at a certain vibration frequency under the constant temperature condition to carry out adsorption dyeing until the adsorption dyeing reaches the balance. Wherein the bath ratio range of the fabric and the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelle is 1: 15-1: 7, the bath ratio refers to the volume of the organic solvent in the reverse micelle encapsulated active dye solution corresponding to 1g of the fabric, namely 7ml to 15ml of the organic solvent corresponding to 1g of the fabric. The mass ratio of the reactive dye contained in the reactive dye liquid packaged by the fabric and the reverse micelle is 0.1-6%. Wherein the constant temperature is any temperature of 313K to 333K, and the vibration frequency range is 105 times/min to 120 times/min, and more preferably 110 times/min; the vibration time range is 0.6-1.5 hours, and the adsorption dyeing can reach the balance.
S4, color fixing: dissolving a color fixing agent in a small amount of water to form a color fixing agent solution; adding the color fixing agent solution into the reversed micelle solution immersed with the fabric to obtain reversed micelle encapsulated color fixing agent solution, namely, dyeing and color fixing are carried out in the same container, namely, a bath method; and then continuously vibrating at a certain vibration frequency under the constant temperature condition to realize color fixation of the cotton fabric. Wherein the volume ratio range of the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelle and the fixing agent solution is 15-50, the constant temperature is any one temperature of 313K-333K, the vibration frequency range is 105 times/min-120 times/min, and the vibration time range is 1 hour-2 hours. The color fixing agent is weak-base color fixing agent, such as sodium carbonate or sodium phosphate, and preferably sodium carbonate, because the color fixing effect of the sodium carbonate is best, the concentration of the sodium carbonate can be in the range of 4 g/L-8 g/L.
S5, washing: taking out the fabric, washing the fabric in a hot water bath for 10-20 min by using a cleaning agent, and then thoroughly washing the fabric by using water, wherein the cleaning agent can be washing powder liquid, soap and the like, the concentration range of the washing powder in the washing powder liquid can be 1-3 g/L, and the temperature of the hot water bath is preferably 363K.
S6, drying: spreading and airing the dyed fabric.
It should be noted that, before step S1, the fabric needs to be pretreated and added to contain Na2CO3Mixing with soap to form solution, treating, and placing in constant temperature oscillator, stirring at 363K under 100rpm for 30min, wherein Na2CO3The concentration of the soap is 2g/L, and the concentration of the soap is 2 g/L; after treatment, the fabric was rinsed thoroughly with cold water and dried at room temperature.
In the application, the nonionic surfactant, the auxiliary surfactant and the organic solvent are all pure reagents. The reactive dye does not need further purification and can be directly used. The method may be used to dye fabrics including, but not limited to: cotton fabric, wool and silk.
The non-aqueous dyeing process of the fabric according to the invention is illustrated below by means of different examples. The fabrics used were pretreated before dyeing, i.e. the washed fabrics were immersed in a solution containing 2g/L of sodium carbonate and 2g/L of soap and placed under vibration at 363K by means of a constant temperature vibrator. The fabric was then thoroughly rinsed with cold water and dried at room temperature.
Example 1:
in this example, the nonionic surfactant is polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether, i.e., R in the formula1Is H, R2Is linear C13Alkyl, n is 12. 0.0175mol of n-octanol and 0.0025mol of nonionic surfactant are premixed in a beaker at room temperature by stirring, in the ratio 7: 1, mixing and dissolving in 15ml of n-octane to prepare a reverse micelle solution; dissolving a certain amount of Levafix Red CA reactive dye in a very small amount of water to prepare 0.5ml of 5 mass percent reactive dye solution, slowly injecting the reactive dye solution into the reverse micelle solution, forcibly stirring the solution at the rotating speed of 600rpm for 2min after injection, and clarifying the solution to obtain reverse micelle encapsulated reactive dye solution, wherein the mass ratio of the reactive dye to 1 gram of fabric is 2.5 percent; a sample of 1g cotton fabric was mixed at a bath ratio of 1: 15 in proportion, immersing the container containing the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelles with immersed fabrics in the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelles in proportion, and vibrating the container at 333K by a constant temperature vibrator at the vibration frequency of 110 times/minute for 1 hour; dissolving sodium carbonate in a small amount of water to prepare a sodium carbonate aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 8.4%, wherein the volume ratio of the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelles to the color fixing agent solution is 15: 1, directly adding a color fixing agent aqueous solution into the reactive dye liquid container immersed in the reverse micelle encapsulation of the cotton fabric to ensure that the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 5.6g/L, and vibrating for 1 hour at the temperature of 333K and the vibration frequency of 110 times/minute; the fixed cotton fabric was taken out, washed in 363K water bath containing 2g/L washing powder for 15 minutes, then rinsed thoroughly with water and spread to dry at room temperature.
Example 2:
in this example, the nonionic surfactant is polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether, i.e., R in the formula1Is H, R2Is linear C13Alkyl, n is 12. 0.0156mol of n-octanol and 0.0024mol of nonionic surfactant are premixed in a beaker at room temperature by stirring, in a ratio of 6.5: 1, mixing and dissolving in 10ml of normal octane to prepare a reverse micelle solution; will be fixedDissolving Levafix Red CA reactive dye in a small amount of water to prepare 0.5ml of 7 mass percent reactive dye solution, slowly injecting the reactive dye solution into the reverse micelle solution, forcibly stirring at 800rpm for 5min after injection, and clarifying the solution to obtain reverse micelle encapsulated reactive dye solution, wherein the mass percent of the reactive dye compared with 1g of fabric is 3.5%; a sample of 1g cotton fabric was mixed at a bath ratio of 1: 10 in proportion, immersing the container containing the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelles for immersing the fabric in the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelles for 0.6 hour at 328K by a constant temperature vibrator, wherein the vibration frequency is 105 times/minute; dissolving sodium carbonate in a small amount of water to prepare a sodium carbonate aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 12.6%, wherein the volume ratio of the reactive dye solution encapsulated by the reverse micelles to the color fixing agent solution is 20: 1, directly adding a color fixing agent aqueous solution into the reactive dye liquid container immersed in the reverse micelle encapsulation of the cotton fabric to ensure that the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 6.3g/L, and vibrating for 1.5 hours at the vibration frequency of 105 times/minute at the temperature of 328K; the dyed cotton fabric was taken out, washed in a boiling water bath containing 2g/L of washing powder for 15 minutes, then rinsed thoroughly with water and spread to dry at room temperature.
Example 3:
in this example, the nonionic surfactant is polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether, i.e., R in the formula1Is H, R2Is linear C13Alkyl, n is 12. 0.018mol of n-octanol and 0.0024mol of nonionic surfactant were premixed in a beaker at room temperature by stirring, in a ratio of 7.5: 1, mixing and dissolving in 13ml of n-octane to prepare a reverse micelle solution; dissolving a certain amount of Levafix Red CA reactive dye in a very small amount of water to prepare 0.5ml of reactive dye solution with the mass percent of 3%, slowly injecting the reactive dye solution into the reverse micelle solution, forcibly stirring the solution at the rotating speed of 1000rpm for 5min after injection, and clarifying the solution to obtain reverse micelle encapsulated reactive dye solution, wherein the mass percent of the reactive dye compared with 1 gram of fabric is 1.5%; a sample of 1g cotton fabric was treated at a bath ratio of 1: 13 in proportion is immersed in the reverse micelle encapsulated reactive dye solution, and the cotton fabric is immersed in the solutionThe container of the reverse micelle-encapsulated active dye solution is vibrated at the temperature of 333K by a constant-temperature vibrator, the vibration frequency is 120 times/minute, and the vibration time is 1.5 hours; dissolving sodium carbonate in a small amount of water to prepare a sodium carbonate aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 14.6%, wherein the volume ratio of the reactive dye solution encapsulated by the reverse micelles to the color fixing agent solution is 26: 1, directly adding a color fixing agent aqueous solution into the reactive dye liquid container immersed in the reverse micelle encapsulation of the fabric, enabling the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution to be 5.6g/L, and vibrating for 2 hours at the temperature of 333K and the vibration frequency of 120 times/minute; the dyed cotton fabric was taken out, washed in a boiling water bath containing 2g/L of washing powder for 15 minutes, then rinsed thoroughly with water and spread to dry at room temperature.
Example 4:
the difference from the example 1 is that in the reactive dye solution encapsulated by the reverse micelle prepared in the dyeing process, the mass percentage of the reactive dye compared with 1g of the fabric is 0.5 percent; the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution added in the fixation process is 4 g/L.
Example 5:
the difference from example 2 is that in this example, the mass percentage of the reactive dye in the reactive dye solution encapsulated by the reverse micelle prepared in the dyeing process is 6% compared with 1g of the fabric; the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution added in the fixation process is 8 g/L.
The mass percentages of the dye in the reactive dye solutions encapsulated by reverse micelles in the previous examples 1-5 compared to 1g of fabric correspond to the concentrations of the fixing agent (soda ash) in table 1.
Table 1: concentrations of fixing agent corresponding to the mass percentages of dyes of examples 1-5
Unit of Example 4 Example 3 Example 1 Example 2 Example 5
Concentration of dye % 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 6
Concentration of fixing agent g/L 4 5.6 5.6 6.3 8
Examples 6 to 10:
examples 6 to 10 correspond to examples 1 to 5, with the only difference that the Levafix Red CA reactive dye was replaced by Levafix Blue CA reactive dye.
Examples 11 to 15:
examples 11 to 15 correspond to examples 1 to 5, with the only difference that the Levafix Red CA reactive dye was replaced by a Levafix Yellow CA reactive dye.
Example 16: the difference from the embodiment 1 is thatR in the molecular formula of the surfactant1Is C2Type alkyl, R2Is linear C12Alkyl, n is 10.
Example 17: the difference from example 1 is that R in the formula of the nonionic surfactant1Is C3Type alkyl, R2Is branched C10Alkyl, n is 8.
Example 18: the difference from example 1 is that R in the formula of the nonionic surfactant1Is C4Type alkyl, R2Is linear C18Alkyl, n is 10.
Example 19: the difference from example 18 is that R2Is branched C18An alkyl group.
Example 20:
the difference from example 1 is that in this example, R in the formula of the nonionic surfactant is1Is C1Type alkyl, R2Is linear C6Alkyl, n is 7.
Example 21: the difference from example 20 is that R2Is branched C6An alkyl group.
Example 22: the difference from the example 1 is that R2Is branched C13An alkyl group.
Example 23: the difference from example 1 is that the reactive dye is Levafix Blue CA reactive dye.
Example 24: the difference from example 1 is that the reactive dye is Levafix Yellow CA reactive dye.
Example 25: the difference from example 1 is that the fixing agent is replaced by sodium carbonate for sodium phosphate.
Example 26: the difference from example 1 is that cotton fabric was replaced with wool fabric.
Example 27: the difference from example 1 is that cotton fabric was replaced with silk fabric.
Comparative examples 1 to 5
A certain amount of salt was dissolved in 15ml of water to obtain a salt solution. Then 1gm of cotton fabric was immersed in the salt solution and the vessel was water-bathed for 10 minutes. The temperature was 50 ℃ and the vibration frequency was 110 times/min. Table 2 shows the mass percentages of the dyes of comparative examples 1 to 5 in comparison with 1g of fabric, respectively corresponding to the salt solution concentrations. The corresponding amount of Levafix Red CA dye was dissolved in the salt solution based on table 2. And the container was placed in a water bath environment for 1 hour of dyeing treatment. The temperature was 50 ℃ and the vibration frequency was 110 times/min. After dyeing, a certain amount of aqueous sodium carbonate solution (1ml) was added to the vessel and the fixation treatment was carried out by shaking for 1 hour under the same conditions as in the dyeing process. The dye concentrations of the fixing agent (i.e. sodium carbonate) for the different mass percentages are given in table 2. After fixation, the cotton cloth was immersed in 25ml of a washing powder solution (2 g/L) and placed in a water bath with 110 oscillations/min for 15 minutes. Washing the washed cotton cloth with water and drying.
Table 2: concentrations of salt solution and fixing agent corresponding to mass percents of dyes of comparative examples 1-5
Unit of Comparative example 4 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 5
Concentration of dye % 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 6
Concentration of salt solution g/L 13.3 23.3 30 34.7 43.3
Concentration of fixing agent g/L 4 5.6 5.6 6.3 8
Comparative examples 6 to 10:
comparative examples 6 to 10 correspond to comparative examples 1 to 5, with the only difference that the Levafix Red CA reactive dye was replaced by Levafix Blue CA reactive dye.
Comparative examples 11 to 15:
comparative examples 11 to 15 correspond to comparative examples 1 to 5, with the only difference that the Levafix Red CA reactive dye was replaced by a Levafix Yellow CA reactive dye.
The cotton fabrics dyed by the non-aqueous dyeing process prepared in examples 1 to 15 were used as a test article, and the cotton fabrics dyed by the aqueous dyeing process in comparative examples 1 to 15 were used as a control article. The K/S values of the test article and the control article are measured as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. Can be used for testing articles and pairs through K/S valuesThe staining effect of the photographs was compared. The K/S value refers to the color intensity of the dyed fabric and is calculated by the Kubelka-Munk formula: K/S = (1-R)2and/2R, wherein R is the reflectance of the fabric, as determined by spectrophotometer SF650 (DataColor International, USA), with a wavelength range of 400nm to 700nm and 10nm spacing. The greater the value of K/S, the better the coloration of the cotton fabric.
From the results of fig. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the adsorption dyeing effect of the reactive dye using reverse micelle encapsulation formed in an organic solvent (non-aqueous solvent) by the one-bath method is slightly lower than that of the aqueous solution.
The invention combines a one-bath method with a nonionic surfactant encapsulated active dye technology, and compared with a reverse micelle technology used in the prior art, the dyeing method can effectively dye cotton fabrics while avoiding using excessive water, and has stronger dyeability on the cotton fabrics. And the continuous treatment process by the one-bath method can ensure effective dyeing and color fixation and save raw materials. In addition, the dyeing process of the invention does not need special process conditions from the energy-saving point of view, and has no high requirement on the dyeability of cotton cloth. The non-aqueous dyeing process can be realized at a lower temperature range (50-70 ℃), and the reactive dye encapsulated in the reverse micelle is not easy to hydrolyze to prepare cotton cloth, so that the color development and the tinting strength of the dye are not lost in the cleaning process, and the good dyeing quality can be maintained. The dyeing process of the invention does not need electrolyte, thus eliminating the pollution of the electrolyte to the environment. The dyeing process of the organic solvent is also very environmentally friendly because the amount of water used and the amount of colored wastewater treatment are greatly reduced, and the organic solvent can also be effectively recovered.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A non-aqueous fabric dyeing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, carrying out the steps of mixing the nonionic surfactant and the auxiliary surfactantPremixing, mixing and dissolving in an organic solvent to prepare a reverse micelle solution; the molar ratio of the auxiliary surfactant to the nonionic surfactant is 6-8; the nonionic surfactant is polyethylene glycol-12-tridecyl ether, wherein R1Is H, R2Is linear C13Alkyl, n is 12; the auxiliary surfactant is n-octanol; the organic solvent is C6-C9An organic solvent for an alkane; the molar concentration range of the nonionic surfactant in the organic solvent is 0.15-0.36 mol/L;
s2, dissolving a reactive dye in water to form a reactive dye solution, slowly injecting the reactive dye solution into the reverse micelle solution, and continuously stirring until the reverse micelle solution is changed from turbid to clear to obtain a reverse micelle-encapsulated reactive dye solution; dissolving a reactive dye in a small amount of water to prepare a reactive dye solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.3-20%, wherein the volume ratio of the reverse micelle solution to the reactive dye solution is 14-50, and the reactive dye solution is slowly injected into the reverse micelle solution and continuously stirred at the speed of 400-1000 rpm;
s3, immersing the fabric in the reactive dye solution packaged by the reverse micelle, and continuously vibrating at a constant temperature to carry out adsorption dyeing until the adsorption dyeing reaches balance; the bath ratio range of the fabric and the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelle is 1: 15-1: 7, the percentage of the mass of the reactive dye contained in the reactive dye liquid packaged by the reverse micelle to the mass of the fabric is 0.1-6%, the fabric is immersed in the reactive dye liquid packaged by the reverse micelle and then continuously vibrated at a certain frequency under a constant temperature condition, wherein the constant temperature is any one temperature of 313-333K, the vibration frequency range is 105 times/min-120 times/min, and the vibration time range is 0.6-1.5 hours;
s4, dissolving a color fixing agent in a small amount of water to obtain a color fixing agent solution, adding the color fixing agent solution into the reactive dye liquid immersed in the reverse micelle encapsulation of the fabric in the step S3 to obtain the color fixing agent liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelle, and continuously vibrating at a constant temperature to realize color fixing of the fabric; the color fixing agent is a weak base color fixing agent; the concentration of the color fixing agent solution is 4-18 g/L, and the volume ratio of the reactive dye liquid encapsulated by the reverse micelles to the color fixing agent solution is 15-50; after the color fixing agent solution is added, the vibration is continuously carried out at a certain frequency under the constant temperature condition, wherein the constant temperature is any one temperature of 313-333K, the vibration frequency range is 105 times/min-120 times/min, and the vibration time range is 1 hour-2 hours.
2. The non-aqueous dyeing process for fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that after step S4, the non-aqueous dyeing process for fabric further comprises step S5: taking out the fabric, washing the fabric in a hot water bath by using a cleaning agent, and then washing the fabric by using water; and step S6: spreading and airing the dyed fabric.
3. The non-aqueous dyeing process for fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic solvent is n-octane.
4. A process for the non-aqueous dyeing of fabrics according to any of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the fabrics used in the process are cotton, wool or silk fabrics.
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CN109505169B (en) * 2018-11-19 2021-03-30 浙江环发纺织印染有限公司 Waterless dyeing method for synchronously dyeing and fixing deep-tone cotton fabric
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CN109797581B (en) * 2019-01-31 2021-04-16 浙江迎丰科技股份有限公司 Low-water dyeing process for cotton fiber fabric
CN115679716A (en) * 2021-07-28 2023-02-03 香港理工大学 Dyeing method and dye liquor for terylene and blended fabric thereof based on reverse micelle system
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