CN107325027B - A method of extracting taurine from cattle heart - Google Patents
A method of extracting taurine from cattle heart Download PDFInfo
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C303/44—Separation; Purification
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Abstract
The invention belongs to taurine extractive technique fields; especially a kind of method that taurine is extracted from cattle heart; the extraction of taurine is completed by five pretreatment of raw material, cooking, filtering, extraction, crystallization steps; effectively the taurine in cattle heart can be extracted; it is easy to operate; extraction efficiency is high, and the content of taurine obtained is high, and impurity is few.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to taurine extractive technique field, especially a kind of method that taurine is extracted from cattle heart.
Background technique
Taurine is also known as β-aminoethanesulfonic acid, earliest by separating in cow-bezoar, therefore gains the name, and sterling is colourless or white oblique
Shape crystal, it, insoluble in organic solvents such as ether, is a kind of non-protein amino acid of sulfur-bearing that odorless, taurine chemical property, which is stablized,
Exist in vivo with free state；Principle active component of the taurine as rare Chinese medicine " cow-bezoar " has analgesia, antipyretic, town
Some column functions such as quiet, platelet aggregation-against, anticonvulsion, resistance rate is not normal, hypoglycemic, blood pressure lowering, strengthen immunity.
Currently, the production method of taurine has synthetic method and extraction method, wherein having material toxicity big, raw using synthetic method
The problems such as producing equipment investment height, environmental pollution, complex process；And use traditional water-boiling method good water-soluble using taurine
Property, it is extracted at relatively high temperatures using water as solvent, there is the advantages that low in cost, equipment is simple, and reagent is nontoxic, still
Recovery rate is not high, and purity is also low；Therefore the present invention improves taurine extraction process, has both improved the recovery rate of taurine,
Solve the problems, such as that cattle heart abandons waste again.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of method for extracting taurine from cattle heart.
It is achieved particular by following technical scheme:
A method of extracting taurine from cattle heart, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: taking fresh cattle heart, wash surface impurity, and being put into temperature is to be freezed at -10~-1 DEG C
1~3d is handled, room temperature is placed after taking-up, appropriate distilled water is added, be crushed to homogenate using pulverizer；
(2) cook: addition enzyme agent is mixed with the homogenate in step (1), is put into the shaking table that revolving speed is 100~180r/min
8~12h is handled, then ultrasonication is used to be placed on temperature to boil 10~15h in 60~80 DEG C, is filtered using gauze,
Obtain filter residue and filtrate；
(3) filter: above-mentioned steps filtrate is separated using ultrafiltration membrane filter, obtains clarified solution and concentrate, is retained
Molecular weight is 35000~50000；Concentrate is with above-mentioned filter residue mixing post-processing at feed；
(4) it extracts: using distilled water as eluent, using storng-acid cation exchange resin to clarification in step (3)
Liquid extracts, and obtains taurine extracting solution；
(5) it crystallizes: cow-bezoar extracting solution being subjected to concentration, the dehydrated alcohol of 4~5 times of volumes is added, obtains taurine
Crystallization, adds appropriate distilled water and is dissolved, then is recrystallized with the dehydrated alcohol of 4~5 times of volumes, and high-purity can be obtained
Taurine crystallization.
Step (1) the distilled water additional amount and cattle heart quality are added according to the proportion of (10~20) ml:1g.
The enzyme agent is followed successively by bromelain, pepsin, trypsase according to order of addition；Enzymolysis time is followed successively by
(4~6) h, (2~3) h, (2~3) h.
The pepsin, hydrolysis temperature are 30~34 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 1~2；Trypsase, hydrolysis temperature 35
~40 DEG C, enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 8~9；Bromelain, hydrolysis temperature are 38~43 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 6~8.
The ultrasonication frequency is 20~30KHz, and the processing time is 30~50s.
The shaking table temperature control is 30~40 DEG C.
First by clarified solution 8~11g/L of Concentration Modulation before step (4) extraction, pH value is 2.4~2.8.
The invention has the advantages that:
After the chilled processing of cattle heart, suitable distilled water is added and is crushed, provides good raw material for subsequent technique,
It is simultaneously the progress for promoting enzyme digestion reaction, so that the dissolution rate of the protein in cattle heart improves, and then reduces protein to filtering
With the influence of abstraction process；By the way that revolving speed, reaction time and the temperature of shaking table will be controlled in boiling process, make enzyme and homogenate can
It adequately mixes, helps to improve enzymolysis efficiency, improve work efficiency；By carrying out step-by-step processing to enzyme digestion reaction, spinach is successively used
Trailing plants protease, pepsin, trypsase digest homogenate, and control a step enzymolysis time, and then promote cell egg
The decomposition of white matter is precipitated, and improves the recovery rate of taurine；By using ultrasonication so that enzyme digestion reaction more fully into
Row, and then remaining partially protein is made further instead to give birth to enzyme digestion reaction；Using ultrafiltration membrane filter, the filtrate that cooking is obtained
It is further purified, removes extra impurity；By regulating and controlling the concentration and pH value of clarified solution, the recovery rate for improving taurine most passes through afterwards
After crystallization treatment, the taurine crystallization of high-purity can be obtained.
The present invention completes the extraction of taurine by five pretreatment of raw material, cooking, filtering, extraction, crystallization steps, can
Effectively the taurine in cattle heart is extracted, easy to operate, extraction efficiency is high, and the content of taurine obtained is high, miscellaneous
Matter is few.
Specific embodiment
Tuberculosis specific embodiment is limited technical solution of the present invention is further below, but claimed
Range is not only limited to made description.
Embodiment 1
A method of extracting taurine from cattle heart, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: taking fresh cattle heart, wash surface impurity, and being put into temperature is to carry out freezing processing at -10 DEG C
1d places room temperature after taking-up, and appropriate distilled water is added, and is crushed to homogenate using pulverizer；
(2) cook: addition enzyme agent is mixed with the homogenate in step (1), is put into the shaking table that revolving speed is 100r/min and is handled
8h, then ultrasonication is used to be placed on temperature to boil 10h in 60 DEG C, it is filtered using gauze, obtains filter residue and filtrate；
(3) filter: above-mentioned steps filtrate is separated using ultrafiltration membrane filter, obtains clarified solution and concentrate, is retained
Molecular weight is 35000；Concentrate is with above-mentioned filter residue mixing post-processing at feed；
(4) it extracts: using distilled water as eluent, using storng-acid cation exchange resin to clarification in step (3)
Liquid extracts, and obtains taurine extracting solution；
(5) it crystallizes: cow-bezoar extracting solution being subjected to concentration, the dehydrated alcohol of 4 times of volumes is added, obtains taurine knot
Crystalline substance adds appropriate distilled water and is dissolved, then is recrystallized with the dehydrated alcohol of 4 times of volumes, and the ox sulphur of high-purity can be obtained
Acid crystal.
Step (1) the distilled water additional amount and cattle heart quality are added according to the proportion of 10ml:1g.
The enzyme agent is followed successively by bromelain, pepsin, trypsase according to order of addition；Enzymolysis time is followed successively by
4h, 2h, 2h.
The pepsin, hydrolysis temperature are 30 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 1；Trypsase, hydrolysis temperature are 35 DEG C, enzymatic hydrolysis
PH value is 8；Bromelain, hydrolysis temperature are 38 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 6.
The ultrasonication frequency is 20KHz, and the processing time is 30s.
The shaking table temperature control is 30 DEG C.
The step (4) is extracted preceding first by clarified solution Concentration Modulation 8g/L, pH value 2.4.
Embodiment 2
A method of extracting taurine from cattle heart, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: taking fresh cattle heart, wash surface impurity, and being put into temperature is to carry out freezing processing at -1 DEG C
3d places room temperature after taking-up, and appropriate distilled water is added, and is crushed to homogenate using pulverizer；
(2) cook: addition enzyme agent is mixed with the homogenate in step (1), is put into the shaking table that revolving speed is 180r/min and is handled
12h, then ultrasonication is used to be placed on temperature to boil 15h in 80 DEG C, it is filtered using gauze, obtains filter residue and filtrate；
(3) filter: above-mentioned steps filtrate is separated using ultrafiltration membrane filter, obtains clarified solution and concentrate, is retained
Molecular weight is 50000；Concentrate is with above-mentioned filter residue mixing post-processing at feed；
(4) it extracts: using distilled water as eluent, using storng-acid cation exchange resin to clarification in step (3)
Liquid extracts, and obtains taurine extracting solution；
(5) it crystallizes: cow-bezoar extracting solution being subjected to concentration, the dehydrated alcohol of 5 times of volumes is added, obtains taurine knot
Crystalline substance adds appropriate distilled water and is dissolved, then is recrystallized with the dehydrated alcohol of 5 times of volumes, and the ox sulphur of high-purity can be obtained
Acid crystal.
Step (1) the distilled water additional amount and cattle heart quality are added according to the proportion of 20ml:1g.
The enzyme agent is followed successively by bromelain, pepsin, trypsase according to order of addition；Enzymolysis time is followed successively by
6h, 3h, 3h.
The pepsin, hydrolysis temperature are 34 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 2；Trypsase, hydrolysis temperature are 40 DEG C, enzymatic hydrolysis
PH value is 9；Bromelain, hydrolysis temperature are 43 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 8.
The ultrasonication frequency is 30KHz, and the processing time is 50s.
The shaking table temperature control is 40 DEG C.
The step (4) is extracted preceding first by clarified solution Concentration Modulation 11g/L, pH value 2.8.
Embodiment 3
A method of extracting taurine from cattle heart, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: taking fresh cattle heart, wash surface impurity, and being put into temperature is to carry out freezing processing at -5 DEG C
3d places room temperature after taking-up, and appropriate distilled water is added, and is crushed to homogenate using pulverizer；
(2) cook: addition enzyme agent is mixed with the homogenate in step (1), is put into the shaking table that revolving speed is 120r/min and is handled
10h, then ultrasonication is used to be placed on temperature to boil 14h in 75 DEG C, it is filtered using gauze, obtains filter residue and filtrate；
(3) filter: above-mentioned steps filtrate is separated using ultrafiltration membrane filter, obtains clarified solution and concentrate, is retained
Molecular weight is 40000；Concentrate is with above-mentioned filter residue mixing post-processing at feed；
(4) it extracts: using distilled water as eluent, using storng-acid cation exchange resin to clarification in step (3)
Liquid extracts, and obtains taurine extracting solution；
(5) it crystallizes: cow-bezoar extracting solution being subjected to concentration, the dehydrated alcohol of 4 times of volumes is added, obtains taurine knot
Crystalline substance adds appropriate distilled water and is dissolved, then is recrystallized with the dehydrated alcohol of 5 times of volumes, and the ox sulphur of high-purity can be obtained
Acid crystal.
Step (1) the distilled water additional amount and cattle heart quality are added according to the proportion of 15ml:1g.
The enzyme agent is followed successively by bromelain, pepsin, trypsase according to order of addition；Enzymolysis time is followed successively by
6h, 3h, 2h.
The pepsin, hydrolysis temperature are 32 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 1；Trypsase, hydrolysis temperature are 40 DEG C, enzymatic hydrolysis
PH value is 8；Bromelain, hydrolysis temperature are 40 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 8.
The ultrasonication frequency is 25KHz, and the processing time is 40s.
The shaking table temperature control is 35 DEG C.
The step (4) is extracted preceding first by clarified solution Concentration Modulation 10g/L, pH value 2.6.
Test example 4
A method of extracting taurine from cattle heart, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: taking fresh cattle heart, wash surface impurity, and being put into temperature is to carry out freezing processing at -8 DEG C
2d places room temperature after taking-up, and appropriate distilled water is added, and is crushed to homogenate using pulverizer；
(2) cook: addition enzyme agent is mixed with the homogenate in step (1), is put into the shaking table that revolving speed is 150r/min and is handled
10h, then ultrasonication is used to be placed on temperature to boil 12h in 70 DEG C, it is filtered using gauze, obtains filter residue and filtrate；
(3) filter: above-mentioned steps filtrate is separated using ultrafiltration membrane filter, obtains clarified solution and concentrate, is retained
Molecular weight is 45000；Concentrate is with above-mentioned filter residue mixing post-processing at feed；
(4) it extracts: using distilled water as eluent, using storng-acid cation exchange resin to clarification in step (3)
Liquid extracts, and obtains taurine extracting solution；
(5) it crystallizes: cow-bezoar extracting solution being subjected to concentration, the dehydrated alcohol of 5 times of volumes is added, obtains taurine knot
Crystalline substance adds appropriate distilled water and is dissolved, then is recrystallized with the dehydrated alcohol of 4 times of volumes, and the ox sulphur of high-purity can be obtained
Acid crystal.
Step (1) the distilled water additional amount and cattle heart quality are added according to the proportion of 18ml:1g.
The enzyme agent is followed successively by bromelain, pepsin, trypsase according to order of addition；Enzymolysis time is followed successively by
5h, 3h, 2h.
The pepsin, hydrolysis temperature are 31 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 2；Trypsase, hydrolysis temperature are 36 DEG C, enzymatic hydrolysis
PH value is 8；Bromelain, hydrolysis temperature are 42 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 7.
The ultrasonication frequency is 26KHz, and the processing time is 35s.
The shaking table temperature control is 38 DEG C.
The step (4) is extracted preceding first by clarified solution Concentration Modulation 9g/L, pH value 2.7.
Embodiment 5
A method of extracting taurine from cattle heart, comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: taking fresh cattle heart, wash surface impurity, and being put into temperature is to carry out freezing processing at -6 DEG C
1d places room temperature after taking-up, and appropriate distilled water is added, and is crushed to homogenate using pulverizer；
(2) cook: addition enzyme agent is mixed with the homogenate in step (1), is put into the shaking table that revolving speed is 100r/min and is handled
12h, then ultrasonication is used to be placed on temperature to boil 13h in 65 DEG C, it is filtered using gauze, obtains filter residue and filtrate；
(3) filter: above-mentioned steps filtrate is separated using ultrafiltration membrane filter, obtains clarified solution and concentrate, is retained
Molecular weight is 48000；Concentrate is with above-mentioned filter residue mixing post-processing at feed；
(4) it extracts: using distilled water as eluent, using storng-acid cation exchange resin to clarification in step (3)
Liquid extracts, and obtains taurine extracting solution；
(5) it crystallizes: cow-bezoar extracting solution being subjected to concentration, the dehydrated alcohol of 4 times of volumes is added, obtains taurine knot
Crystalline substance adds appropriate distilled water and is dissolved, then is recrystallized with the dehydrated alcohol of 5 times of volumes, and the ox sulphur of high-purity can be obtained
Acid crystal.
Step (1) the distilled water additional amount and cattle heart quality are added according to the proportion of 12ml:1g.
The enzyme agent is followed successively by bromelain, pepsin, trypsase according to order of addition；Enzymolysis time is followed successively by
4h, 3h, 3h.
The pepsin, hydrolysis temperature are 33 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 1；Trypsase, hydrolysis temperature are 39 DEG C, enzymatic hydrolysis
PH value is 9；Bromelain, hydrolysis temperature are 41 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 7.
The ultrasonication frequency is 24KHz, and the processing time is 47s.
The shaking table temperature control is 32 DEG C.
The step (4) is extracted preceding first by clarified solution Concentration Modulation 9g/L, pH value 2.8.
Test example 1
Embodiment group extracts taurine using the present invention program, and control group is using traditional handicraft water-boiling method to ox sulphur
Acid extracts, and test material raw material is the same cattle heart, and test result is as follows:
As seen from the experiment, taurine significant effect is extracted using the present invention program and is higher than control group, wherein embodiment 1
5 taurine of~embodiment extracts yield and is all remarkably higher than control group, and content is 4.8mg/g or more, wherein with 3 scheme of embodiment
Extracted content of taurine is most, and taurine extracts yield and reaches 5.34mg/g.
It is important to point out that, above embodiments and test example are only limitted to do further technical solution of the present invention herein
Elaboration and understanding, should not be understood as it is further to technical solution of the present invention limited, what those skilled in the art made
The innovation and creation of non-protruding essential characteristics and marked improvement still fall within protection category of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for extracting taurine from cattle heart, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: taking fresh cattle heart, wash surface impurity, and being put into temperature is to carry out freezing processing at -10~-1 DEG C
1~3d places room temperature after taking-up, distilled water is added, is crushed to homogenate using pulverizer；The distilled water additional amount and cattle heart matter
Amount is added according to the proportion of (10~20) ml:1g；
(2) cook: addition enzyme agent is mixed with the homogenate in step (1), is put into the shaking table that revolving speed is 100~180r/min and is handled
8~12h, then ultrasonication is used to be placed on temperature to boil 10~15h in 60~80 DEG C, it is filtered, is obtained using gauze
Filter residue and filtrate；The enzyme agent is followed successively by bromelain, pepsin, trypsase according to order of addition；Enzymolysis time according to
Secondary is (4~6) h, (2~3) h, (2~3) h；
(3) filter: above-mentioned steps filtrate is separated using ultrafiltration membrane filter, obtains clarified solution and concentrate, retains molecule
Amount is 35000~50000；Concentrate is with above-mentioned filter residue mixing post-processing at feed；
(4) extract: using distilled water as eluent, using storng-acid cation exchange resin to clarified solution in step (3) into
Row extracts, and obtains taurine extracting solution；
(5) it crystallizes: taurine extracting solution being subjected to concentration, the dehydrated alcohol of 4~5 times of volumes is added, obtains taurine knot
Crystalline substance adds appropriate distilled water and is dissolved, then is recrystallized with the dehydrated alcohol of 4~5 times of volumes, and the ox of high-purity can be obtained
Sulfonic acid crystallization.
2. the method for taurine is extracted from cattle heart as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pepsin, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature
Degree is 30~34 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 1~2；Trypsase, hydrolysis temperature are 35~40 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 8~9；Pineapple egg
White enzyme, hydrolysis temperature are 38~43 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH value is 6~8.
3. the method for taurine is extracted from cattle heart as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultrasonication frequency is
20~30KHz, processing time are 30~50s.
4. the method for taurine is extracted from cattle heart as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shaking table temperature control is 30
~40 DEG C.
5. the method for taurine is extracted from cattle heart as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (4) is first before extracting
Clarified solution concentration is adjusted to 8~11g/L, pH value is 2.4~2.8.
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