CN107324785A - 一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖 - Google Patents
一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖 Download PDFInfo
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下成分:碳化硅、镁砂细粉、石英、页岩灰、陶瓷纤维、紫铜纤维、碳纤维、石墨烯、氮化铕、铬刚玉余量。本发明的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖针对炼钢电炉的超高温情况,在传统的耐火砖基础上添加了陶瓷纤维、紫铜纤维、碳纤维增强了抗渣侵蚀性能;添加了碳纤维和石墨烯显著提高了耐高温性能,而加入少量的页岩灰作为粘结剂,效果良好;而加入氮化铕则可以作为催化剂,提升镁砂细粉和铬刚玉在高温下的反应效果,从而提升耐高温性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域,尤其是设计一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖。
背景技术
电炉炼钢主要利用电弧热,在电弧作用区,温度高达4000℃。冶炼过程一般分为熔化期、氧化期和还原期,在炉内不仅能造成氧化气氛,还能造成还原气氛,因此脱磷、脱硫的效率很高。
此类炼钢炉即电炉种类有电弧炉、感应电炉、电渣炉、电子束炉、自耗电弧炉等。通常说的电炉钢是用碱性电弧炉生产的钢。
电炉钢多用来生产优质碳素结构钢、工具钢和合金钢。这类钢质量优良、性能均匀。在相同含碳量时,电炉钢的强度和塑性优于平炉钢。电炉钢用相近钢种废钢为主要原料,也有用海绵铁代替部分废钢。通过加入铁合金来调整化学成分、合金元素含量。
以废钢为原料的电炉炼钢,比之高炉转炉法基建投资少,同时由于直接还原的发展,为电炉提供金属化球团代替大部分废钢,因此就大大地推动了电炉炼钢。世界上现有较大型的电炉约1400座,电炉正在向大型、超高功率以及电子计算机自动控制等方面发展,最大电炉容量为400吨。
国外150吨以上的电炉几乎都用于冶炼普通钢,许多国家电炉钢产量的60~80%均为低碳钢。我国由于电力和废钢不足,主要用于冶炼优质钢和合金钢。
由于电炉炼钢的电弧作用区,温度可以高达4000℃,对耐火砖的要求非常高,一般的耐火砖无法满足工作要求,而现有的耐火砖一般需要经常更换,成本很高,故需要研发一种抗渣侵蚀性能和耐高温的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖。
一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下成分:碳化硅、镁砂细粉、石英、页岩灰、陶瓷纤维、紫铜纤维、碳纤维、石墨烯、氮化铕、铬刚玉余量。
优选的,所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下重量百分比的成分:碳化硅3-6%、镁砂细粉2-5%、石英8-15%、页岩灰2-4%、陶瓷纤维4-8%、紫铜纤维0.5-1%、碳纤维1-3%、石墨烯0.05-0.1%、氮化铕0.01-0.03%、铬刚玉余量。
进一步优选的,所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下重量百分比的成分:碳化硅4-5%、镁砂细粉3-4%、石英10-12%、页岩灰2-4%、陶瓷纤维5-7%、紫铜纤维0.5-1%、碳纤维1-3%、石墨烯0.05-0.1%、氮化铕0.01-0.03%、铬刚玉余量。
优选的,所述的镁砂细粉的粒径为≤50μm。
优选的,所述的页岩灰中,氧化钙的含量为25-40%,硫酸钙的含量为10-20%。
优选的,所述的铬刚玉的粒径为10-100μm。
优选的,所述的石墨烯为多层石墨烯材料。
油页岩属于非常规油气资源,以资源丰富和开发利用的可行性而被列为21世纪非常重要的接替能源。它与石油、天然气、煤一样都是不可再生的化石能源。在近200年的开发利用中,其资源状况、主要性质、开采技术以及应用研究方面都积累了不少经验。
油页岩(又称油母页岩)是一种高灰分的含可燃有机质的沉积岩。它和煤的主要区别是灰分超过40%,与碳质页岩的主要区别是含油率大于3.5%。
油页岩经低温干馏可以得到页岩油,页岩油类似原油,可以制成汽油、柴油或作为燃料油。除单独成藏外,油页岩还经常与煤形成伴生矿藏,一起被开采出来。
作为附加品,油页岩干馏和燃烧后的页岩灰主要用于生产水泥、砖等建筑材料。在德国,每年有30万吨油页岩用于水泥的生产。在中国,油页岩干馏和燃烧后的半焦灰渣用来制造砌块、砖、水泥、陶粒等建材产品。本发明利用页岩灰来制备耐火砖。
本发明的有益之处在于:本发明的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下成分:碳化硅、镁砂细粉、石英、页岩灰、陶瓷纤维、紫铜纤维、碳纤维、石墨烯、氮化铕、铬刚玉余量。本发明的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖针对炼钢电炉的超高温情况,在传统的耐火砖基础上添加了陶瓷纤维、紫铜纤维、碳纤维增强了抗渣侵蚀性能;添加了碳纤维和石墨烯显著提高了耐高温性能,而加入少量的页岩灰作为粘结剂,效果良好;而加入氮化铕则可以作为催化剂,提升镁砂细粉和铬刚玉在高温下的反应效果,从而提升耐高温性能。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下重量百分比的成分:碳化硅4.5%、镁砂细粉3.5%、石英10.5%、页岩灰2.5%、陶瓷纤维5.5%、紫铜纤维0.8%、碳纤维1.5%、石墨烯0.08%、氮化铕0.02%、铬刚玉余量。
所述的镁砂细粉的粒径为≤50μm。
所述的页岩灰中,氧化钙的含量为32%,硫酸钙的含量为18%。
所述的铬刚玉的粒径为10-100μm。
所述的石墨烯为多层石墨烯材料。
实施例2
一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下重量百分比的成分:碳化硅4%、镁砂细粉4%、石英10%、页岩灰4%、陶瓷纤维5%、紫铜纤维1%、碳纤维1%、石墨烯0.1%、氮化铕0.01%、铬刚玉余量。
所述的镁砂细粉的粒径为≤50μm。
所述的页岩灰中,氧化钙的含量为40%,硫酸钙的含量为10%。
所述的铬刚玉的粒径为10-100μm。
所述的石墨烯为多层石墨烯材料。
实施例3
一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下重量百分比的成分:碳化硅5%、镁砂细粉3%、石英12%、页岩灰2%、陶瓷纤维7%、紫铜纤维0.5%、碳纤维3%、石墨烯0.05%、氮化铕0.03%、铬刚玉余量。
所述的镁砂细粉的粒径为≤50μm。
所述的页岩灰中,氧化钙的含量为25%,硫酸钙的含量为20%。
所述的铬刚玉的粒径为10-100μm。
所述的石墨烯为多层石墨烯材料。
以下对实施例1-3的样品进行检测,得到如下数据:
本发明的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖的抗渣侵蚀性能和耐高温性能相比于市场上的传统产品显著提升。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,其特征在于,包括以下成分:碳化硅、镁砂细粉、石英、页岩灰、陶瓷纤维、紫铜纤维、碳纤维、石墨烯、氮化铕、铬刚玉 余量。
2.如权利要求1所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,其特征在于,所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下重量百分比的成分:碳化硅 3-6%、镁砂细粉 2-5%、石英 8-15%、页岩灰 2-4%、陶瓷纤维 4-8%、紫铜纤维 0.5-1%、碳纤维 1-3%、石墨烯 0.05-0.1%、氮化铕 0.01-0.03%、铬刚玉 余量。
3.如权利要求1所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,其特征在于,所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,包括以下重量百分比的成分:碳化硅 4-5%、镁砂细粉 3-4%、石英 10-12%、页岩灰 2-4%、陶瓷纤维 5-7%、紫铜纤维 0.5-1%、碳纤维 1-3%、石墨烯 0.05-0.1%、氮化铕 0.01-0.03%、铬刚玉 余量。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,其特征在于,所述的镁砂细粉的粒径为≤50μm。
5.如权利要求1-3任一所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,其特征在于,所述的页岩灰中,氧化钙的含量为25-40%,硫酸钙的含量为10-20%。
6.如权利要求1-3任一所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,其特征在于,所述的铬刚玉的粒径为10-100μm。
7.如权利要求1-3任一所述的炼钢电炉专用耐火砖,其特征在于,所述的石墨烯为多层石墨烯材料。
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