CN107322763A - A kind of pervious concrete compression strength test shaped device and forming method - Google Patents

A kind of pervious concrete compression strength test shaped device and forming method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107322763A
CN107322763A CN201710741677.4A CN201710741677A CN107322763A CN 107322763 A CN107322763 A CN 107322763A CN 201710741677 A CN201710741677 A CN 201710741677A CN 107322763 A CN107322763 A CN 107322763A
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China
Prior art keywords
pressure
cuffs
die trial
sample
pressure cuffs
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CN201710741677.4A
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CN107322763B (en
Inventor
李海波
张冬
邢庆毅
赵得铭
孙启鹏
陈朋强
张萌
杨凡
张延杰
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Ji'nan Sijian (group) Co Ltd Concrete Mixing Center
JINAN SIJIAN GROUP) CONSTRUCTION CO Ltd
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Ji'nan Sijian (group) Co Ltd Concrete Mixing Center
JINAN SIJIAN GROUP) CONSTRUCTION CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201710741677.4A priority Critical patent/CN107322763B/en
Publication of CN107322763A publication Critical patent/CN107322763A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0094—Moulds for concrete test samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0097—Press moulds; Press-mould and press-ram assemblies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
    • G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of pervious concrete compression strength test shaped device and forming method.The specimen molding device includes pressurization lid, pressure foot, pressure head component, pressure cuffs, amesdial, die trial, the pervious concrete sample in die trial is compacted by hydraulic piston and pressure head component, the efficiency of shaping can be improved, the discreteness of compact density is improved, homogeneity is improved；Determine the deformation quantity of the outer wall of compression strength die trial after pressurization to judge and control the size deformation quantity that pervious concrete compression strength test is molded by amesdial, it is ensured that the apparent size quality of pervious concrete compression strength test.The shaping method of specimen comprises the following steps：Calculate, weigh, assembling, pressurizeing, elastic recovery, decomposition, compact density evaluation, conserve and solidify, Forming Quality evaluation, record result.

Description

A kind of pervious concrete compression strength test shaped device and forming method
Technical field
Field is tested the present invention relates to construction material, is to be related to a kind of pervious concrete compression strength test specifically Shaped device and forming method.
Background technology
Pervious concrete is used as celluar concrete, the characteristics of being radiated with ventilative, permeable, lightweight height, in Municipal Using ventilative concrete in construction, it can effectively utilize rainwater recharge of groundwater, alleviate the level of ground water decline in city, it is also favourable In some Urban Environmental Problems for solving surface gathered water, urban waterlogging etc., to building sponge city, promoting environment for human survival Benign development and urban rainwater management and water prevention and cure of pollution, improve the work such as urban development secondary environment problem, it is special to be respectively provided with Significance.
Pervious concrete has the characteristic different from normal concrete, permeable due to requiring high porosity and high water-permeability Concrete is practically free of fine aggregate, and it is equally distributed to form hole by coarse aggregate Surface coating a thin layer cement mortar mutually bonding Alveolate texture.The pervious concrete that this characteristic requirements is prepared is in a kind of sticky, dry mix state.And consolidate The main adhesion strength between coarse aggregate of the compression strength of pervious concrete is provided after change, thus it is guaranteed that cladding coarse aggregate surface Cement mortar thickness, control shaping concrete voids rate and concrete density be control pervious concrete compression strength key Factor.It is the inspection of pervious concrete compression strength in practical operation, it is ensured that the Forming Quality of pervious concrete compression strength test The key link of survey.
At present, existing standard criterion is directed to the resistance to compression that the self-characteristic offer of pervious concrete is adapted therewith Intensity test piece shaped device and corresponding compression strength forming method.According to existing general shaped device and forming method, one As need that the sample material mixed is fabricated into compression strength test using the method that vibration moulding or manual compaction are molded, Then test specimen is tested；Due to above-mentioned general specimen molding apparatus structure Shortcomings, lack effective monitoring device, It can only be estimated by operating personnel, therefore Forming Quality is difficult to ensure that；Likewise, using the anti-of this specimen molding device There is also deficiency for Compressive Strength forming method.
Using vibration moulding mode the cement mortar for coating coarse aggregate surface can be caused to depart from aggregate surface under effect of vibration, The cement mortar thickness reduction on cladding coarse aggregate surface is caused, and grout layer is formed in die trial bottom, so as to cause inside die trial Homogeneity of concrete is deteriorated, and the Sample density discreteness of shaping is big；, then can be because artificial using the method shaping of artificial estimation compacting The uncontrollability of operation is larger and inefficiency, causes density variance in the test specimen group with a collection of shaping big, corresponding detection Compression strength discreteness is also larger, and detection data are without representativeness, and the Sample density and design density variation of shaping are larger, test specimen Forming Quality fluctuation it is larger；Thus cause the test specimen for being made to existing two methods to carry out compressive strength test to be examined The numerical value measured out is inaccurate and larger discreteness easily occurs, without representativeness.
A kind of compression strength test shaped device for pervious concrete that inventor is studied, can control test specimen into The density and homogeneity of type, the representativeness for improving shaping test piece, the compression strength for being easy to more accurately determine material.The present apparatus is led to Cross and compaction in layers shaping is carried out to pervious concrete sample, while being entered by measurement apparatus to the compression deformation of the die trial with elasticity Row monitoring and evaluation, then the density of the pervious concrete test specimen of compaction moulding is compared with design load；Examination after shaping Mould deformation and compact density are all qualified, you can be determined as that pervious concrete resistance to compression specimen molding is up-to-standard.
Such a brand-new shaped device of correspondence, inventor also newly devises a kind of pervious concrete compression strength test shaping Method, is improved by the method for work to specimen molding link, designed specimen molding device is played it and is set The effect of meter, so that it is more accurate that data measured during compression test are carried out to compression strength test.
The content of the invention
The technical problem that this area faces at present is：Pervious concrete compression strength test shaping dress used at present Put, lack monitoring device, cause the test specimen density and density variance of making big, test specimen inside homogeneity is poor, shaping efficiency It is relatively low；Currently used pervious concrete compression strength forming method, forming process shortage monitoring, cause experiment to be tied simultaneously Fruit is fluctuated larger, and data measured and evaluation conclusion are not accurate enough.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of new pervious concrete compression strength test Shaped device and forming method, technical scheme are as follows：
A kind of pervious concrete compression strength test shaped device, it is characterised in that including：Pressurization lid, pressure foot, pressure cuffs, Die trial, pressure head component, 2 amesdials；
Wherein, the pressurization lid includes pressurization lid lower end, pressurization cylinder, piston rod, hydraulic oil pump and pressure control device, wherein institute Pressurization lid lower end is stated for plate armature, middle part is provided with through hole, the pressurization cylinder is vertical to be fixed on above pressurization lid lower end, described Pressurization cylinder lower end is provided through pressurization lid lower end through hole and by the flexible cylindrical piston bar of pressurization cylinder driving；
It is the open band elastic container in top for accommodating the die trial of pervious concrete sample, interior of the container is pros Body；
The amesdial includes bar portion and gauge outfit, and the bar portion includes hollow outer bar and the measuring staff in outer bar, the survey Club head exceeds outer club head；
The pressure foot for supporting pressurization lid include pressure foot base, 2 pressure foot supporting walls, 2 groups be used for amesdial Outer bar is fixed on the fixing device of pressure foot supporting walls, and the pressure foot base is slab construction, and the pressure foot supporting walls are Left and right is relatively vertically fixed on the contour straight wall on pressure foot base, and pressure foot supporting walls are additionally provided with to be worn for amesdial bar portion The pressure foot gaging hole crossed；
The pressure cuffs are in pressure foot, including pressure cuffs bottom, 2 pressure cuffs supporting walls, pressure cuffs ends, the pressurization Set bottom is flat board, and the pressure cuffs supporting walls are to be vertically fixed on the straight of pressure cuffs bottom in the same direction with pressure foot supporting walls The pressure cuffs gaging hole passed through for amesdial bar portion is additionally provided with wall, pressure cuffs supporting walls；The pressure cuffs end is solid for level The cube at the top of pressure cuffs supporting walls is scheduled on, the distance of pressure cuffs end bottom surface to pressure cuffs bottom is highly equal with die trial, Through hole pressure cuffs port provided with square in the middle part of pressure cuffs end, the pressure cuffs port is perpendicular to pressure cuffs end upper table The isometrical through hole and the length of side in face are equal with the die trial internal diameter length of side；
The pressure head component cross sectional dimensions pressed under for being driven in piston rod to sample is engaged with pressure cuffs port, bottom Face is plane, sideways provided with the mark that die trial upper limb whether is reached for identifying pressure head component bottom surface.
It is preferred that, the pressure head component includes seaming chuck, push-down head and the lubricating oil between upper push-down head；Wherein institute It is cube to state in the middle part of the annular groove seat for carrying and matching with piston rod end at the top of seaming chuck, seaming chuck, and bottom is hemispherical Projection, raised surface is seaming chuck pressure-bearing surface, and the push-down head top is the closing of four walls, open-topped straight barrel type pressure-bearing Cylinder, pressure-bearing cylinder bottom carries the hemispherical groove being engaged with seaming chuck bottom, and the surface of groove is push-down head pressure-bearing surface, is pushed Head bottom is the cube coordinated with the formation of pressure cuffs port inner wall, is not held by each side of seaming chuck during external pressure with push-down head Pressure cylinder inwall spacing is not less than 0.5mm.
It is preferred that, the lateral thickness of the pressure head component is equal with the thickness of pressure cuffs end, the pressure head component side Mark be arranged on the side top edge of pressure head component.
It is preferred that, left and right is accordingly provided with least two die trial fastening clips, the pressurization on the pressure cuffs supporting walls Also left and right is accordingly provided with least two pressure cuffs fastening clips on seat supports wall.Further, the pressure cuffs anchorage clip Tool includes screw rod, and described screw rod one end is provided with the nut for turn screw rod, and the other end is provided with clamping plate, the pressure foot supporting walls Provided with the fastening screw hole I being engaged.
It is preferred that, the lateral surface of the pressure cuffs end and pressure cuffs bottom and the flush with outer surface of pressure cuffs supporting walls； The pressure cuffs gaging hole is horizontal rectangular through holes, and rectangular width is more than the diameter of pressure foot gaging hole；The test specimen into Under type device confined state, it is same vertical that pressure cuffs gaging hole, pressure foot gaging hole, piston rod, the center line of pressure cuffs port are located at On face.
It is preferred that, the fixing device of the pressure foot is arranged at, every group includes 2 locking plates, 1 locking screw holes With 1 lock screw, 2 locking plates are corresponding slab construction up and down, in the mode parallel with pressure foot base point Pressure foot gaging hole lateral wall upper and lower is not arranged on, and the locking screw holes and lock screw are arranged on the locking plate of side, institute State the center line of locking screw holes and the vertical and intersectant centerline of pressure foot gaging hole.
It is preferred that, the pressure control device include provide driving force suppress bar, the oil return valve for discharging pressure, from The petroleum pipeline of hydraulic oil pump outflow pressure, the oil inlet pipe for the pressurization incoming pressure of cylinder, the attachment valve for connecting oil inlet pipe and petroleum pipeline.
It is preferred that, the length of the pressure cuffs supporting walls and the spacing of 2 pressure cuffs supporting walls are all higher than die trial respective party Upward outside dimensions, pressure cuffs outer all directions size is less than the inner space that pressure foot supporting walls are formed with pressurization lid lower end Respective direction size.
A kind of forming method of application specimen molding device of the present invention, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Calculate：Density p is designed according to pervious concrete0Required sample size m is calculated with the volumeter of die trial1, perform Step 2；
Step 2：Weigh：By pervious concrete sample mix to be formed it is uniform after, by m11 group of 3 parts of sample is weighed respectively（Accurately To 1g）；Weigh the quality m of die trial0（It is accurate to 1g）, perform step 3；
Step 3：Assembling：Die trial is fitted into pressure cuffs, single group sample is put into pressure cuffs port, pressure head component is arranged on and added In gland port, above sample, pressure cuffs are integrally put into pressure foot, below piston rod, and by piston rod and pressure head component Assembling, is fitted into pressure foot gaging hole, pressure cuffs gaging hole by amesdial and the measuring staff crown is lived die trial side wall, then tighten locking screw The fixed amesdial outer bar of silk, record amesdial initial value l0（It is accurate to 0.001mm）, l0Should >=1mm；Perform step 4；
Step 4：Pressurization：Sample is suppressed, each suppressed time 2~5 seconds is adjacent to suppress interval twice 2~6 seconds；Suppress During first observe amesdial show value liAnd according to formula 1（lz=| li - l0|）Calculate deflection lz；If lz≤ 0.005d（D is the length of side in die trial）, then the position mark set in pressure head component is observed, if pressure head component bottom surface has reached examination Mould upper limb then thinks that specimen molding is finished, and performs step 6, step is continued executing with if pressure head component bottom surface is not up to die trial upper limb Rapid 4；If lz＞ 0.005d, then perform step 5；
Step 5：Elastic recovery：Stop pressurizeing and release pressure, allow die trial outer wall to be replied under elastic reaction itself, wait 30 seconds Amesdial show value l is observed afterwardsiAnd according to formula 1（lz=| li - l0|）Calculate deflection lz；Such as lz≤ 0.005d, then perform Step 4；Such as lz＞ 0.005d, then it is assumed that this part of sample shaping failure, removal amesdial, pressure head component, pressure cuffs take out examination Mould, is poured out after this part of sample by m1Benefit takes 1 part of sample, performs step 3；
Step 6：Decompose：Stop pressurizeing and releasing pressure, removal amesdial, pressure head component take out die trial, perform step 7；
Step 7：Compact density is evaluated：After the whole compaction mouldings of 3 parts of samples of this group, density calculating is carried out portionwise；
Weigh the gross mass m of pervious concrete sample in die trial and die trial after shaping2（It is accurate to 1g）, by formula 2（ρ1 = ( m2 – m0)×106/d3）Calculate shaping density p1（It is accurate to 1kg/m3）；
When | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0When≤1.5%, it can determine that this part of sample compact density is qualified；
When | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0During ＞ 1.5%, it can determine that this part of sample compact density is unqualified；
When 3 parts of sample compact densities of this group are qualified, it is qualified to be considered as this group of sample compact density, performs step 8；
When 3 parts of samples 1 part of compact densities of appearance of this group are unqualified, it is considered as this group of sample unqualified, it is necessary to resample, by public affairs Formula 3（(ρ0 /ρ1) ×m1）Result of calculation be set to m1New numerical value（It is accurate to 1g）, then perform step 2；
Step 8：Conserve and solidify：28d standard curings are carried out to the test specimen in die trial, maintenance finishes execution step 9；
Step 9：Forming Quality is evaluated：Compression strength detection is carried out to same 1 group of 3 test specimen that maintenance is finished, 3 detection numbers are obtained Value, according to formula 4（β=| Ymin- Ymax| × 100%/Ym（YminFor the minimum value in 1 group of 3 detection numerical value；YmaxFor 1 group 3 Detect the maximum in numerical value；YmFor the median in 1 group of 3 detection numerical value.））Calculate dispersion ratio β（It is accurate to 0.1%）；
It is determined as that Forming Quality is good if β≤10%, is determined as that Forming Quality is bad if β ＞ 10%；
Perform step 10；
Step 10：Result is recorded, is finished.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. in specimen molding device, increasing the space for storing sample by pressure cuffs port, storage is held beyond compression strength die trial Product（Before compacting）Pervious concrete, accomplish that pervious concrete mixture disposably can be densified to the appearance of compression strength die trial Accumulated amount, so as to reduce the number of times of compacting, improves the efficiency of shaping.
2. in specimen molding device, determine the deformation quantity of die trial outer wall after pressurization to judge and control by amesdial The size deformation quantity of water coagulation soil compression strength test shaping, it is ensured that the apparent size matter of pervious concrete compression strength test Amount.
3. in the specimen molding device of preferred scheme, the hemispherical of the seaming chuck and push-down head of pressure head component to be engaged Jog is combined, and contact surface is additionally provided with lubricating oil；Which can contact the recessed of the pervious concrete in die trial in push-down head bottom surface During convex surface, Automatic Levelling is realized inside pressure head component, the effect of counterpressure is reached, it is to avoid by the pervious concrete pressure in die trial Partially.
4. in pervious concrete compression strength test forming method, in compression strength test forming process, to suppress and The mode of elastic recovery alternately is compacted, while also monitoring die trial deformation quantity to control sample dimensions by amesdial Scope, both enable specimen molding to smoothly complete, can note abnormalities data in time again, rejected in time, it is to avoid inaccurate sample The inaccurate conclusion brought.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the invention specimen molding apparatus structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the partial structural diagram and elevational schematic view of pressurization lid 2 in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pressure foot 15 in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of pressure head component 50 in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of push-down head 25 in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of seaming chuck 23 in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of pressure cuffs 26 in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 9 is compression strength shaping method of specimen schematic flow sheet in the present invention；
Wherein：2. pressurization lid, 3. oil inlet pipes, 4. attachment valves, 5. petroleum pipelines, 6. suppress bar, 7. oil return valves, 8. hydraulic oil pumps, 9. Priming valve, 10. pressurization lid lower ends, 11. bolts, 12. bolt hole I, 13. bolt hole II, 14. piston rods, 15. pressure foots, 16. locks Tight screw, 17. locking screw holes, 18. locking plates, 19. pressure foot gaging holes, 20. pressure cuffs fastening clips, 21. pressure foot bottoms Seat, 22. fastening screw hole Is, 23. seaming chucks, 24. lubricating oil, 25. push-down heads, 26. pressure cuffs, 27. fasten examination on screw hole IIs, 28. Mould fastening clips, 29. pressure cuffs gaging holes, 30. lower testing mould fastening clips, 31. amesdials, 32. die trials, 33. pressure foot upper ends, 34. spirit bubble, 35. locking plate grooves, 36. push-down head pressure-bearing surfaces, 37. annular grooves seat, 38. seaming chuck pressure-bearing surfaces, 39. is permeable In the middle part of concrete sample, 40. pressurization cylinders, 41. pressure foot supporting walls, 42. clamping plates, 43. screw rods, 44. seaming chucks, 45. nuts, 46. levelling bolt, 47. levelling screws, 48. pressure cuffs ends, 49. pressure cuffs supporting walls, 50. pressure head components, 51. pressure cuffs Port, 52. pressure-bearings cylinder.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, embodiment of the invention is described in detail as follows：
Embodiment 1：
A kind of pervious concrete compression strength test shaped device, including pressurization lid 2, pressure foot 15, pressure head component 50, pressure cuffs 26th, die trial 32, the amesdial 31 of 2 post rod types.
The die trial 32 is the open band elastoplast container in top, and lateral surface carries deep floor, and inner space is side Long 150mm square, is mainly used in accommodating pervious concrete sample 39 and is provided for the compression strength test formed after compacting Specification profile.The maximum gauge of the deep floor of die trial 32 described in the present embodiment is 10mm, and in the side of die trial 32 during distribution Leave the measurement position of amesdial 31 in center.The material of die trial 32 is because plastic material is both with flexible, again using plastic material It is easy to separate with the concrete after solidification.
The amesdial 31 is universal measurement equipment, including bar portion and gauge outfit, the bar portion include hollow outer bar and position In the measuring staff in outer bar, the measuring staff head is stretched out outside outer bar and outer bar can do sliding extension relatively, and measuring staff in gauge outfit with referring to Pin links, and gauge outfit is shown shift value by compressing measuring staff.The measuring staff head of the amesdial 31 is in the corresponding mode in left and right Relative two wall outer side centers of the difference top pressure in die trial 32.
The pressurization lid 2 includes pressurization lid lower end 10, pressurization cylinder 40, piston rod 14, hydraulic oil pump 8 and Stress control dress Put, wherein the pressurization lid lower end 10 is square steel plate armature, through hole of the middle part provided with an a diameter of 30mm, institute It is cylindrical shape to state pressurization cylinder 40, and cylinder entangles piston rod 14, and the pressurizing urges hydraulic oil of hydraulic oil pump 8 enters in the pressurization cylinder of cylinder 40 Portion promotes piston rod 14 to move；The pressurization cylinder 40 is vertical to be fixed on the top of pressurization lid lower end 10, the axis of piston rod 14 with Overlapping of axles in the through hole of pressurization lid lower end 10, and a diameter of 28mm of piston rod 14, piston rod 14 may pass through the through hole of pressurization lid lower end 10 Freely stretch；What the pressure control device included providing driving force suppresses bar 6, the oil return valve 7 for discharging pressure, from hydraulic pressure The petroleum pipeline 5 of the outflow pressure of oil pump 8, the oil inlet pipe 3 for the pressurization incoming pressure of cylinder 40, the connection for connecting oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 Valve 4；The oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 are hard tube, inconvenience bending；Attachment valve 4 can be blocked when needing dismounting pressurization lid 2 Petroleum pipeline 5, prevents oil leak, is easy to disconnect the connection of oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5, facilitates disassembling section.
The pressure foot 15 is used to support pressurization lid 2, including pressure foot base 21, pressure foot supporting walls 41,2 groups of fixation dresses Put, part material is steel.The pressure foot base 21 is slab construction；The pressure foot supporting walls 41 are 2 contour flat Hardened structure, left and right is relatively vertically welded on pressure foot base 21, and the bottom of pressure foot supporting walls 41 is additionally provided between two parties supplies thousand The pressure foot gaging hole 19 for dividing the bar portion of table 31 to pass through；The spatial form of pressure foot gaging hole 19 is cylinder, and the diameter of cylindrical bottom is omited More than the diameter of the outer bar of amesdial 31.
The fixing device is used to fix the outer bar of amesdial 31 through pressure foot gaging hole 19 in order to measure, every group Fixing device includes 2 locking plates 18,1 locking screw holes 17 and 1 lock screw 16, and 2 locking plates 18 are upper Under corresponding slab construction, be separately positioned in the mode parallel with pressure foot base 21 above and below the lateral wall of pressure foot gaging hole 19 Side, the locking screw holes 17 and lock screw 16 are arranged on the locking plate of side, and the center line of the locking screw holes 17 is with adding The vertical and intersectant centerline of wedge gaging hole 19, the length of lock screw 16 needs to guarantee to hold out against the outer bar of amesdial 31 under On the locking plate of side or on the inwall of pressure foot gaging hole 19.A groove is formd between both sides locking plate 18 up and down, for locking Clamping plate groove 35；Locking plate groove 35 is parallel with pressure foot base 21, passes across pressure foot gaging hole 19 in pressure foot supporting walls 41 Portal outside, diameter big 1mm of the width than pressure foot gaging hole 19 of locking plate groove 35.
The top of pressure foot supporting walls 41 is provided with pressure foot upper end 33；The pressure foot upper end 33 is 2 slab constructions, point Not Wei Yu 2 pressure foot supporting walls 41 upper end, it is parallel with pressure foot base 21 and extend on the outside of pressure foot, pressure foot upper end 33 medial surfaces are equal with the medial surface of pressure foot supporting walls 41.Exceed the outer position of pressure foot supporting walls 41 in pressure foot upper end 33 3 bolt hole II13 are respectively uniformly distributed, the purpose for setting pressure foot upper end 33 is solid for the ease of being connected with pressurization lid lower end 10 It is fixed；In order to ensure the firmness of connection, the outer of pressure foot upper end 33 and the distance of pressure foot supporting walls 41 in the horizontal direction Not less than 20mm.
The left and right ends of pressurization lid lower end 10 are respectively uniformly distributed on 3 bolt hole I12, bolt hole I12 position and pressure foot The bolt hole II13 aligned in position at end 33, pressurization lid lower end 10 and pressure foot upper end 33, connection are fixed by interior six square bolt 11 Pressurization lid lower end 10 and the edge of pressure foot upper end 33 are perfectly aligned afterwards.
6 pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 and the fastening screw being engaged are additionally provided with each pressure foot supporting walls 41 I22, the pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 are symmetrical in the way of up and down each 3, the set pressurization of two pressure foot supporting walls of left and right 41 The position of fastening clips 20 is covered to correspond.The pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 include screw rod 43, and described one end of screw rod 43 is provided with spiral shell Cap 45, the other end is provided with clamping plate 42；Wherein described nut 45 is fixed as one with screw rod 43, in order to pass through the turn spiral shell of nut 45 Bar 43；The clamping plate 42 is slab construction, and center is provided with screw, and screw rod 43 can screw in the screw of clamping plate 42 so as to strap 42, And clamping plate 42 can be screwed off when needing dismounting pressure cuffs fastening clips 20, take out screw rod 43 from fastening screw hole I 22.
Fixed using pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 after pressure cuffs 26, per the one side of the nearly pressure foot supporting walls 41 of side clamping plate 42 Distance to homonymy pressure foot supporting walls 41 is more than or equal to 10mm, in order to which pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 have adequate space behaviour Make；To make the pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 corresponding with the position of pressure foot gaging hole 19 simultaneously, in order to the assembly manipulation of amesdial 31； Also to make the inner surface of die trial 32 and the inner surface flush of pressure cuffs port 51 simultaneously, in order to load compacting sample.
The edge of pressure foot base 21 exceeds the 30mm of pressure foot supporting walls 41, and 4 angles of pressure foot base 21 are uniformly distributed 4 Individual levelling screw 47 and the levelling bolt 46 matched, pressure foot base 21 and the perpendicular both sides upper surface of pressure foot supporting walls 41 Center respectively sets 1 spirit bubble 34；Levelling bolt 46 and spirit bubble 34 coordinate, and make pressure foot base holding level, to Sample pressure process is more favourable.
The pressure cuffs 26 include pressure cuffs bottom, 2 pressure cuffs supporting walls 49, pressure cuffs ends 48, the pressure cuffs Bottom is flat board, and the pressure cuffs supporting walls 49 are to be vertically welded in the same direction on pressure cuffs bottom with pressure foot supporting walls 41 Contour straight wall, the bottom of pressure cuffs supporting walls 49 is additionally provided with the pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 passed through for the bar portion of amesdial 31 between two parties；It is described Pressure cuffs end 48 is the cube for being horizontally fixed on the top of pressure cuffs supporting walls 49；The bottom surface of pressure cuffs end 48 to pressure cuffs bottom The distance in portion is highly equal with die trial 32, pressure cuffs port 51 of the pressure cuffs end 48 between two parties provided with square, the pressure cuffs Port 51 is equal with the internal diameter length of side of die trial 32 for the isometrical through hole and the length of side perpendicular to the upper surface of pressure cuffs end 48；Pressure cuffs end The height of portion 48 is 60mm, ensures that the volume metapedes of interference fit die trial 32 all is waited to press to accommodate in the pressure cuffs port 51 with this Real sample.Pressure cuffs supporting walls 49 are vertical direction cuboid slab construction, and two walls be arranged in parallel, and thickness is 15mm, pressure cuffs Supporting walls length 49 and 2 spacing of pressure cuffs supporting walls 49 are 200mm, more than the full-size of the periphery of die trial 32.Pressure cuffs 26 Outer all directions size is less than the inner space respective direction size that pressure foot supporting walls 41 are formed with pressurization lid lower end 10.
Under specimen molding device confined state described in the present embodiment, pressure cuffs gaging hole 29, pressure foot gaging hole 19, piston rod 14th, pressure cuffs port 51, seaming chuck 23, the center line of die trial 32 are respectively positioned on same vertical plane.
The distance at the upper surface outer rim of pressure cuffs end 48 to the edge of pressure cuffs port 51 is 40mm, more than die trial ribs The maximum gauge of plate, the length of side of pressure cuffs end 48 and the equal length of pressure cuffs supporting walls 49, pressure cuffs end 48 respectively with 2 Pressure cuffs supporting walls 49 are mutually perpendicular to and connected at a right angle, and outside and the outer surface of pressure cuffs supporting walls 49 of pressure cuffs end 48 are put down Together.
Pressure cuffs supporting walls 49 are uniformly distributed 4 fastening screw hole IIs, 2 fastening screw hole IIs on top in 4 corners orientation Upper testing mould fastening clips 28 are fitted into, 2 fastening screw hole IIs of bottom are fitted into lower testing mould fastening clips 30, and the upper testing mould is tight It is the screw rod that one end carries clamping plate Gu fixture 28 is identical with the shape of lower testing mould fastening clips 30.The bottom of pressure cuffs supporting walls 49 Pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 is provided between two parties, and pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 is rectangular through holes, and rectangular width is more than pressure foot gaging hole 19 Diameter, length is the 1/3 of the length of pressure cuffs supporting walls 49.
The pressure head component 50 is used under the driving of the top pressure strength of piston rod 14 to the permeable coagulation in pressure cuffs port 51 Soil sample 39 presses, including seaming chuck 23, push-down head 25 and the lubricating oil 24 between upper push-down head.Wherein described seaming chuck 23 tops are with annular groove seat 37, and seaming chuck middle part 44 is cube, and bottom is hemispherical projections, the annular groove seat 37 Internal diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of piston rod 14.The top of push-down head 25 is the closing of four walls, open-topped straight barrel type pressure-bearing cylinder 52, 52 bottoms of pressure-bearing cylinder carry the hemispherical groove coordinated with the bottom of seaming chuck 23, and groove surface is push-down head pressure-bearing surface 36；Push-down head 25 bottoms are cube.
The height of push-down head pressure-bearing cylinder 52（Started at from the edge of push-down head pressure-bearing surface 36）With the height phase at seaming chuck middle part 44 Deng；The outer length of side of 52 cross sections of push-down head pressure-bearing cylinder is slightly less than the inset spacing of pressure cuffs port, and the cooperation formed after assembling is neither Hinder pressure head component to slide, the pervious concrete sample 39 in pressure cuffs port will not be caused to overflow again；Push-down head pressure-bearing cylinder 52 The inset spacing of cross section is slightly larger than the middle part length of side of seaming chuck, not by each side of seaming chuck during external pressure 23 with pushing after assembling Head pressure-bearing 52 inwall spacing of cylinder are not less than 0.5mm.
The wall thickness of push-down head pressure-bearing cylinder 52 is not less than 5mm.
The height of push-down head 25 is equal with the thickness of pressure cuffs end 48, therefore when the side of push-down head pressure-bearing cylinder 52 When upper limb is concordant with the upper surface of pressure cuffs end 48, that is, show that lower surface of the bottom of push-down head 25 with pressure cuffs end 48 is put down Together；Again because the lower surface and the upper limb of die trial 32 of pressure cuffs end 48 are contour, while push-down head pressure-bearing 52 side upper limbs of cylinder are For the side upper limb of in fact pressure head component 50, therefore the side upper limb of push-down head pressure-bearing cylinder 52 can be considered as mark press head group Whether the bottom surface of part 50 reaches the mark of the upper limb of die trial 32.
The course of work of the present embodiment is：
Die trial 32 is put into pressure cuffs 26, and intraoral edge in die trial 32 is alignd with the inner surface of pressure cuffs port 51；Adjustment adds The upper pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 of the both sides of gland 26 and lower pressure cuffs fastening clips 30, die trial 32 is fixed；Pass through pressure cuffs The pervious concrete sample 39 weighed up is inserted and shakeout in compression strength die trial 32 and pressure cuffs port 51 by port 51；In push-down head Pressure-bearing surface 36 smears one layer of lubricating oil 24, and seaming chuck 23 is put into push-down head 25, pressure head component 50 is combined into；By pressure head component 50 are put into pressure cuffs port 51 and the top of pervious concrete sample 39；Then by mounted pressure head component 50, pressure cuffs 26, Die trial 32 and pervious concrete sample 39 are moved entirely into immediately below the through hole of pressurization lid 2, and piston rod 14 is inserted into the ring of seaming chuck 23 In connected in star seat 37, the pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 set in adjustment pressure foot 15 fix pressure cuffs 26；By two amesdials 31 bar portions pass through pressure foot gaging hole 19 and pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 from the outside to the core respectively, by the measuring staff head top pressure of amesdial 31 in examination Mould（32）On outer wall and make the initial reading of amesdial 31 be more than 1mm；Then the lock screw 16 of pressure foot 15 is tightened, by amesdial 31 fix, and write down the initial reading of amesdial 31；Attachment valve 4 is adjusted, oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 are connected, priming valve 9 is closed With oil return valve 7；Swing is suppressed bar 6 and suppressed, and promotes pressurizing piston bar 14 and pressure head component 50 to pervious concrete sample 39 It is compacted；After the completion of work is suppressed, stop suppressing, unclamp oil return valve 7 and release pressure, record the numerical value of amesdial 31, unclamp Pressure foot set fastening clips 20 take out pressure cuffs 26, and pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 and lower pressure cuffs fastening clips 30 will in release Compression strength die trial 32 is taken out.
It is of the present invention permeable after the pervious concrete compression strength test shaped device described in the present embodiment Concrete crushing strength shaping method of specimen has following examples：
Embodiment 2-1：
Engineering design requirements：Pervious concrete strength grade is C20, and design density is 2115kg/m3, foamed concrete cooperation Than being shown in Table 1.
The C20 foamed concrete match ratios of table 1
This forming method is comprised the following steps that：
Step 1 is calculated：Pervious concrete mixture sample mix is uniform, pervious concrete design density p0For 2115kg/ m3, inset spacing d is used for 150mm square compression strength die trial 32, and the volume of die trial 32 is 3375000mm3, it is computed institute The sample size m needed1For 7138g；Perform step 2.
Step 2 is weighed：Respectively weigh 1 group of 3 parts of pervious concrete mixture sample standby（It is accurate to 1g）；In addition, weighing 3 The quality m of individual die trial 320（It is accurate to 1g）, it is 1232g, 1226g, 1239g；Perform step 3.
Step 3 is assembled：In order to improve efficiency, operated simultaneously with money compression strength test shaped device using 3 sets, Per 1 die trial 32 of correspondence of sleeve forming device；
Pressurization lid lower end 10 is connected with pressure foot upper end 33 using interior six square bolt 11；Die trial 32 is fitted into pressure cuffs 26, Intraoral edge in die trial 32 is set to be alignd with the inner surface of pressure cuffs port 51；Adjust the upper pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 of the both sides of pressure cuffs 26 With lower pressure cuffs fastening clips 30, die trial 32 is fixed；Single group sample is put into pressure cuffs port 51 and upper surface is shakeout； One layer of lubricating oil 24 is smeared in push-down head pressure-bearing surface 36, seaming chuck 23 is put into push-down head 25, pressure head component 50 is combined into；Will Pressure head component 50 is put into pressure cuffs port 51 and the top of pervious concrete sample 39；Then by mounted pressure head component 50, Pressure cuffs 26, die trial 32 and pervious concrete sample 39 are moved entirely into immediately below the through hole of pressurization lid 2, and piston rod 14 is inserted In the annular groove of pressure head 23 seat 37, the pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 set in adjustment pressure foot 15 fix pressure cuffs 26；By two The individual bar portion of amesdial 31 passes through pressure foot gaging hole 19 and pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 from the outside to the core respectively, by the measuring staff head of amesdial 31 Top pressure is in die trial（32）On outer wall and make the initial reading of amesdial 31 be more than 1mm；Then the lock screw 16 of pressure foot 15 is tightened, Amesdial 31 is fixed, the initial reading l of left and right sides amesdial 31 is write down respectively0（It is accurate to 0.001mm）；
In same 1 group of 3 parts of sample, the initial reading l of amesdial 310Respectively：
Attachment valve 4 is adjusted, oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 are connected, priming valve 9 and oil return valve 7 is closed；Perform step 4.
Step 4 is pressurizeed：Swing is suppressed bar 6 and suppressed, and promotes pressurizing piston bar 14 and pressure head component 50 to permeable mixed Solidifying soil mixture sample；Suppress speed to suppress 1 time at interval of 6 seconds, suppress a time control at 5 seconds；Speed is suppressed in control Observe simultaneously and record amesdial numerical value li, （It is accurate to 0.001mm）, and according to formula 1（lz=| li - l0|）Calculate change Shape amount lz；
0.005d is computed for 0.75mm, so if to meet lz≤ 0.005d standard, the then amesdial 31 after pressurizeing is read Number liScope should be：
The amesdial reading for suppressing the amesdial on the right side of 3 parts of samples of period and left side is controlled in the range of, when pressure head component 50 When side upper limb is concordant with the upper surface of pressure cuffs end 48, stop suppressing；Think that specimen molding is finished, perform step 6.
Step 6 is decomposed：Unclamp oil return valve 7 and release pressure, close attachment valve 4, by connecting for oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 Disconnect；Unclamp pressure foot set fastening clips 20 to take out pressure cuffs 26, pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 and lower pressurization are locked in release Gu fixture 30 takes out compression strength die trial 32；Perform step 7.
Step 7 compact density evaluation：After the whole compaction mouldings of 3 parts of samples of this group, density calculating is carried out portionwise；
Weigh the gross mass m of the pervious concrete sample 39 after being compacted in die trial 32 and die trial after the 3 parts of sample pressurizations of this group2 （It is accurate to 1g）, respectively 8382g, 8391g, 8373g；By formula 2（ρ1 = ( m2 – m0)×106/d3）Calculate compact density ρ1；
1st part of sample：ρ1=（8382-1232）×106/1503 = 2118kg/m3；| ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2118 - 2115| × 100%/2115=0.14%<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
2nd part of sample：ρ1=（8391-1226）×106/1503 = 2123kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2123 - 2115| × 100%/2115=0.38%<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
3rd part of sample：ρ1==（8373-1239）×106/1503 = 2114kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2114 - 2115| × 100%/2115=0.05%<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
3 parts of sample compact densities of this group are qualified, and it is qualified to be considered as this group of sample compact density, perform step 8.
Step 8 is conserved and solidified：28d standard curings are carried out to the test specimen in 3 die trials 32 of this group；Maintenance finishes execution Step 9.
Step 9 Forming Quality evaluation：Compression strength detection is carried out to same 1 group of 3 test specimen for finishing of maintenance, as a result for 25.6MPa、26.8MPa、24.7Mpa；According to formula 4（β=| Ymin- Ymax| × 100%/YmCalculate, it is discrete in compression strength group Rate β=| 26.8- 24.7| × 100%/25.6=8.2<10%, it can determine that Forming Quality is good；Perform step 10.
Step 10：Result is recorded, is finished.
Embodiment 2-2：
Engineering design requirements：Pervious concrete strength grade is C15, and design density is 2100kg/m3, foamed concrete cooperation Than being shown in Table 1.
The foamed concrete match ratio of table 1
This forming method is comprised the following steps that：
Step 1 is calculated：Pervious concrete mixture sample mix is uniform, pervious concrete design density p0For 2100kg/ m3, inset spacing d is used for 150mm square compression strength die trial 32, and the volume of die trial 32 is 3375000mm3, it is computed institute The sample size m needed1For 7088g；Perform step 2.
Step 2 is weighed：Respectively weigh 1 group of 3 parts of pervious concrete mixture sample standby（It is accurate to 1g）；In addition, weighing 3 The quality m of individual die trial 320（It is accurate to 1g）, it is 1232g, 1226g, 1239g；Perform step 3.
Step 3 is assembled：In order to improve efficiency, operated simultaneously with money compression strength test shaped device using 3 sets, Per 1 die trial 32 of correspondence of sleeve forming device；
Pressurization lid lower end 10 is connected with pressure foot upper end 33 using interior six square bolt 11；Die trial 32 is fitted into pressure cuffs 26, Intraoral edge in die trial 32 is set to be alignd with the inner surface of pressure cuffs port 51；Adjust the upper pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 of the both sides of pressure cuffs 26 With lower pressure cuffs fastening clips 30, die trial 32 is fixed；Single group sample is put into pressure cuffs port 51 and upper surface is shakeout； One layer of lubricating oil 24 is smeared in push-down head pressure-bearing surface 36, seaming chuck 23 is put into push-down head 25, pressure head component 50 is combined into；Will Pressure head component 50 is put into pressure cuffs port 51 and the top of pervious concrete sample 39；Then by mounted pressure head component 50, Pressure cuffs 26, die trial 32 and pervious concrete sample 39 are moved entirely into immediately below the through hole of pressurization lid 2, and piston rod 14 is inserted In the annular groove of pressure head 23 seat 37, the pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 set in adjustment pressure foot 15 fix pressure cuffs 26；By two The individual bar portion of amesdial 31 passes through pressure foot gaging hole 19 and pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 from the outside to the core respectively, by the measuring staff head of amesdial 31 Top pressure is in die trial（32）On outer wall and make the initial reading of amesdial 31 be more than 1mm；Then the lock screw 16 of pressure foot 15 is tightened, Amesdial 31 is fixed, the initial reading l of left and right sides amesdial 31 is write down respectively0（It is accurate to 0.001mm）；
In same 1 group of 3 parts of sample, the initial reading l of amesdial 310Respectively：
l0（mm） 1st part of sample 2nd part of sample 3rd part of sample
Right side amesdial 1.023 1.025 1.018
Left side amesdial 1.045 1.040 1.005
Attachment valve 4 is adjusted, oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 are connected, priming valve 9 and oil return valve 7 is closed；Perform step 4.
Step 4 is pressurizeed：Swing is suppressed bar 6 and suppressed, and promotes pressurizing piston bar 14 and pressure head component 50 to permeable mixed Solidifying soil mixture sample；Suppress speed to suppress 1 time at interval of 2 seconds, suppress a time control at 2 seconds；Speed is suppressed in control Observe simultaneously and record amesdial numerical value li, （It is accurate to 0.001mm）, and according to formula 1（lz=| li - l0|）Calculate change Shape amount lz；
0.005d is computed for 0.75mm, so if to meet lz≤ 0.005d standard, the then amesdial 31 after pressurizeing is read Number liScope should be：
li（mm） 1st part of sample 2nd part of sample 3rd part of sample
Right side amesdial 0.273~1.773 0.275~1.775 0.268~1.768
Left side amesdial 0.295~1.795 0.290~1.790 0.255~1.755
2nd part of sample and the 3rd part of sample during suppressing on the right side of amesdial and the amesdial reading in left side control in scope It is interior, when the side upper limb of pressure head component 50 is concordant with the upper surface of pressure cuffs end 48, stop suppressing；Think this two parts of specimen moldings Finish, perform step 6；
It is 1.778mm that the amesdial reading on the right side of the 1st part of sample is found during suppressing, and the amesdial reading in left side is 1.803mm, Runaway, perform step 5.
Step 5 elastic recovery：Stop suppressing and releasing the pressure of pressurization lid 2, allow the outer wall of die trial 32 to make in elasticity itself Replied with lower；The reading of amesdial 31 is observed after waiting 30 seconds, the amesdial reading on right side is 1.117mm, the amesdial in left side Reading is 1.134mm, and amesdial reading is fallen after rise to control range；Step 4 is performed again.
Second of step 4 is pressurizeed：Manipulation suppresses bar 6 and sample is suppressed, and frequency is suppressed in attenuating, and will suppress speed is Suppressed 1 time at interval of 3 seconds, suppress a time control at 4 seconds, the amesdial on right side and the amesdial reading in left side are controlled In the range of；When the side upper limb of pressure head component 50 is concordant with the upper surface of pressure cuffs end 48, stop suppressing；Think this part of test specimen into Type is finished, and performs step 6；
Step 6 is decomposed：Unclamp oil return valve 7 and release pressure, close attachment valve 4, oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 are connected into disconnection； Unclamp pressure foot set fastening clips 20 to take out pressure cuffs 26, pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 and lower pressure cuffs fastening clips in release 30 take out compression strength die trial 32；Perform step 7.
Step 7 compact density evaluation：After the whole compaction mouldings of 3 parts of samples of this group, density calculating is carried out portionwise；
Weigh the gross mass m of the pervious concrete sample 39 after being compacted in die trial 32 and die trial after the 3 parts of sample pressurizations of this group2 （It is accurate to 1g）, respectively 8345g, 8357g, 8365g；By formula 2（ρ1 = ( m2 – m0)×106/d3）Calculate compact density ρ1；
1st part of sample：ρ1=（8345-1232）×106/1503 = 2107kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2107- 2100| × 100%/2100=0.33%<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
2nd part of sample：ρ1=（8357-1226）×106/1503 =2113 kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2113 - 2100| × 100%/2100=0.62%<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
3rd part of sample：ρ1=（8365-1239）×106/1503 =2111 kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2111 - 2100| × 100%/2100=0.52%<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
3 parts of sample compact densities of this group are qualified, and it is qualified to be considered as this group of sample compact density, perform step 8.
Step 8 is conserved and solidified：28d standard curings are carried out to the test specimen in 3 die trials 32 of this group；Maintenance finishes execution Step 9.
Step 9 Forming Quality evaluation：Compression strength detection is carried out to same 1 group of 3 test specimen for finishing of maintenance, as a result for 18.7MPa、19.5MPa、20.2MPa；According to formula 4（β=| Ymin- Ymax| × 100%/YmCalculate, it is discrete in compression strength group Rate β=| 20.2- 18.7| × 100%/19.5=7.7<10%, it can determine that Forming Quality is good；Perform step 10.
Step 10：Result is recorded, is finished.
Embodiment 2-3：
Engineering design requirements：Pervious concrete strength grade is C25, and design density is 2149kg/m3, foamed concrete cooperation Than being shown in Table 1.
The foamed concrete match ratio of table 1
This forming method is comprised the following steps that：
Step 1 is calculated：Pervious concrete mixture sample mix is uniform, pervious concrete design density p0For 2149kg/ m3, inset spacing d is used for 150mm square compression strength die trial 32, and the volume of die trial 32 is 3375000mm3, it is computed institute The sample size m needed1For 7253g；Perform step 2.
Step 2 is weighed：Respectively weigh 1 group of 3 parts of pervious concrete mixture sample standby（It is accurate to 1g）；In addition, weighing 3 The quality m of individual die trial 320（It is accurate to 1g）, it is 1232g, 1226g, 1239g；Perform step 3.
Step 3 is assembled：In order to improve efficiency, operated simultaneously with money compression strength test shaped device using 3 sets, Per 1 die trial 32 of correspondence of sleeve forming device；
Pressurization lid lower end 10 is connected with pressure foot upper end 33 using interior six square bolt 11；Die trial 32 is fitted into pressure cuffs 26, Intraoral edge in die trial 32 is set to be alignd with the inner surface of pressure cuffs port 51；Adjust the upper pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 of the both sides of pressure cuffs 26 With lower pressure cuffs fastening clips 30, die trial 32 is fixed；Single group sample is put into pressure cuffs port 51 and upper surface is shakeout； One layer of lubricating oil 24 is smeared in push-down head pressure-bearing surface 36, seaming chuck 23 is put into push-down head 25, pressure head component 50 is combined into；Will Pressure head component 50 is put into pressure cuffs port 51 and the top of pervious concrete sample 39；Then by mounted pressure head component 50, Pressure cuffs 26, die trial 32 and pervious concrete sample 39 are moved entirely into immediately below the through hole of pressurization lid 2, and piston rod 14 is inserted In the annular groove of pressure head 23 seat 37, the pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 set in adjustment pressure foot 15 fix pressure cuffs 26；By two The individual bar portion of amesdial 31 passes through pressure foot gaging hole 19 and pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 from the outside to the core respectively, by the measuring staff head of amesdial 31 Top pressure is in die trial（32）On outer wall and make the initial reading of amesdial 31 be more than 1mm；Then the lock screw 16 of pressure foot 15 is tightened, Amesdial 31 is fixed, the initial reading l of left and right sides amesdial 31 is write down respectively0（It is accurate to 0.001mm）；
In same 1 group of 3 parts of sample, the initial reading l of amesdial 310Respectively：
l0（mm） 1st part of sample 2nd part of sample 3rd part of sample
Right side amesdial 1.015 1.005 1.020
Left side amesdial 1.022 1.012 1.014
Attachment valve 4 is adjusted, oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 are connected, priming valve 9 and oil return valve 7 is closed；Perform step 4.
Step 4 is pressurizeed：Swing is suppressed bar 6 and suppressed, and promotes pressurizing piston bar 14 and pressure head component 50 to permeable mixed Solidifying soil mixture sample；Suppress speed to suppress 1 time at interval of 3 seconds, suppress a time control at 3 seconds；Speed is suppressed in control Observe simultaneously and record amesdial numerical value li, （It is accurate to 0.001mm）, and according to formula 1（lz=| li - l0|）Calculate change Shape amount lz；
0.005d is computed for 0.75mm, so if to meet lz≤ 0.005d standard, the then amesdial 31 after pressurizeing is read Number liScope should be：
li（mm） 1st part of sample 2nd part of sample 3rd part of sample
Right side amesdial 0.265~1.765 0.255~1.755 0.270~1.770
Left side amesdial 0.272~1.772 0.262~1.762 0.264~1.764
The amesdial reading for suppressing the amesdial on the right side of 3 parts of samples of period and left side is controlled in the range of, when pressure head component 50 When side upper limb is concordant with the upper surface of pressure cuffs end 48, stop suppressing；Think that specimen molding is finished, perform step 6.
Step 6 is decomposed：Unclamp oil return valve 7 and release pressure, close attachment valve 4, by connecting for oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 Disconnect；Unclamp pressure foot set fastening clips 20 to take out pressure cuffs 26, pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 and lower pressurization are locked in release Gu fixture 30 takes out compression strength die trial 32；Perform step 7.
Step 7 compact density evaluation：After the whole compaction mouldings of 3 parts of samples of this group, density calculating is carried out portionwise；It is first right 1st part of sample is calculated, and weighs the pervious concrete sample 39 after being compacted in die trial 32 and die trial after the 1st part of sample pressurization Gross mass m2（It is accurate to 1g）, it is 8629g；By formula 2（ρ1 = ( m2 – m0)×106/d3）Calculate shaping density p1；
1st part of sample：ρ1=（8629-1232）×106/1503 =2192kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2192- 2149| × 100%/2149=2%>1.5%, it can determine that compact density is unqualified；
When 1 part of compact density of appearance is unqualified, it is considered as this group of sample unqualified, it is necessary to resample, by formula 3（(ρ0 /ρ1) ×m1= (2149 /2192) ×7253 = 7111g）Result of calculation 7111 be set to m1New numerical value（It is accurate to 1g）, with Step 2 is performed afterwards.
Second of step 2 is weighed：Respectively weigh 1 group of 3 parts of pervious concrete mixture sample standby（It is accurate to 1g）；This Outside, the quality m of 3 die trials 32 is weighed0（It is accurate to 1g）, it is 1232g, 1226g, 1239g；Perform step 3.
Second of step 3 is assembled：In order to improve efficiency, entered simultaneously with money compression strength test shaped device using 3 sets Row operation, per 1 die trial 32 of correspondence of sleeve forming device；
Pressurization lid lower end 10 is connected with pressure foot upper end 33 using interior six square bolt 11；Die trial 32 is fitted into pressure cuffs 26, Intraoral edge in die trial 32 is set to be alignd with the inner surface of pressure cuffs port 51；Adjust the upper pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 of the both sides of pressure cuffs 26 With lower pressure cuffs fastening clips 30, die trial 32 is fixed；Single group sample is put into pressure cuffs port 51 and upper surface is shakeout； One layer of lubricating oil 24 is smeared in push-down head pressure-bearing surface 36, seaming chuck 23 is put into push-down head 25, pressure head component 50 is combined into；Will Pressure head component 50 is put into pressure cuffs port 51 and the top of pervious concrete sample 39；Then by mounted pressure head component 50, Pressure cuffs 26, die trial 32 and pervious concrete sample 39 are moved entirely into immediately below the through hole of pressurization lid 2, and piston rod 14 is inserted In the annular groove of pressure head 23 seat 37, the pressure cuffs fastening clips 20 set in adjustment pressure foot 15 fix pressure cuffs 26；By two The individual bar portion of amesdial 31 passes through pressure foot gaging hole 19 and pressure cuffs gaging hole 29 from the outside to the core respectively, by the measuring staff head of amesdial 31 Top pressure is in die trial（32）On outer wall and make the initial reading of amesdial 31 be more than 1mm；Then the lock screw 16 of pressure foot 15 is tightened, Amesdial 31 is fixed, the initial reading l of left and right sides amesdial 31 is write down respectively0（It is accurate to 0.001mm）；
In same 1 group of 3 parts of sample, the initial reading l of amesdial 310Respectively：
l0（mm） 1st part of sample 2nd part of sample 3rd part of sample
Right side amesdial 1.017 1.010 1.008
Left side amesdial 1.005 1.017 1.012
Attachment valve 4 is adjusted, oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 are connected, priming valve 9 and oil return valve 7 is closed；Perform step 4.
Second of step 4 is pressurizeed：Swing is suppressed bar 6 and suppressed, and promotes 50 pairs of pressurizing piston bar 14 and pressure head component Pervious concrete mixture sample；Suppress speed to suppress 1 time at interval of 3 seconds, suppress a time control at 3 seconds；Control is beaten Pressure speed is observed simultaneously and records amesdial numerical value li, （It is accurate to 0.001mm）, and according to formula 1（lz=| li - l0|） Calculate deflection lz；
0.005d is computed for 0.75mm, so if to meet lz≤ 0.005d standard, the then amesdial 31 after pressurizeing is read Number liScope should be：
li（mm） 1st part of sample 2nd part of sample 3rd part of sample
Right side amesdial 0.267~1.767 0.260~1.760 0.258~1.758
Left side amesdial 0.255~1.755 0.267~1.767 0.262~1.762
The amesdial reading for suppressing the amesdial on the right side of 3 parts of samples of period and left side is controlled in the range of, when pressure head component 50 When side upper limb is concordant with the upper surface of pressure cuffs end 48, stop suppressing；Think that specimen molding is finished, perform step 6.
Second of step 6 is decomposed：Unclamp oil return valve 7 and release pressure, attachment valve 4 is closed, by oil inlet pipe 3 and petroleum pipeline 5 Connection disconnect；Unclamp pressure foot set fastening clips 20 pressure cuffs 26 are taken out, in releases pressure cuffs fastening clips 28 and it is lower add Gland fastening clips 30 take out compression strength die trial 32；Perform step 7.
Second of step 7 compact density evaluation：After the whole compaction mouldings of 3 parts of samples of this group, densitometer is carried out portionwise Calculate；
Weigh the gross mass m of the pervious concrete sample 39 after being compacted in die trial 32 and die trial after the 3 parts of sample pressurizations of this group2 （It is accurate to 1g）, respectively 8476g, 8473g, 8508g,；By formula 2（ρ1 = ( m2 – m0)×106/d3）Calculate shaping close Spend ρ1；
1st part of sample：ρ1=（8476-1232）×106/1503 =2146kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2146- 2149| × 100%/2149=0.14%<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
2nd part of sample：ρ1=（8473-1226）×106/1503 =2147 kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2147 - 2149| × 100%/2149=0.1<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
3rd part of sample：ρ1==（8508-1239）×106/1503 =2154kg/m3, | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0=| 2154 - 2149| × 100%/2149=0.23<1.5%, it can determine that compact density is qualified；
3 parts of sample compact densities of this group are qualified, and it is qualified to be considered as this group of sample compact density, perform step 8.
Step 8 is conserved and solidified：28d standard curings are carried out to the test specimen in 3 die trials 32 of this group；Maintenance finishes execution Step 9.
Step 9 Forming Quality evaluation：Compression strength detection is carried out to same 1 group of 3 test specimen for finishing of maintenance, as a result for 28.9MPa、30.6MPa、31.2MPa；According to formula 4（β=| Ymin- Ymax| × 100%/YmCalculate, it is discrete in compression strength group Rate β=| 31.2- 28.9| × 100%/30.6=7.5<10%, it can determine that Forming Quality is good；Perform step 10.
Step 10：Result is recorded, is finished.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention. A variety of modifications to embodiment will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein general Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, is not described in detail The part presented with partial enlargement, is prior art, herein without repeating.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to herein These shown embodiments, and it is to fit to the most wide scope consistent with feature with principles disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of pervious concrete compression strength test shaped device, it is characterised in that including：Pressurization lid（2）, pressure foot （15）, pressure cuffs（26）, die trial（32）, pressure head component（50）, 2 amesdials（31）；
Wherein, the pressurization lid（2）Including pressurization lid lower end（10）, pressurization cylinder（40）, piston rod（14）, hydraulic oil pump（8）With Pressure control device, wherein the pressurization lid lower end（10）For plate armature, middle part is provided with through hole, the pressurization cylinder（40）It is perpendicular To being fixed on pressurization lid lower end（10）Top, the pressurization cylinder（40）Lower end is provided through pressurization lid lower end（10）Through hole is simultaneously added Pressure cylinder（40）The flexible cylindrical piston bar of driving（14）；
For accommodating pervious concrete sample（39）The die trial（32）For the band elastic container that top is open, container inside sky Between be square；
The amesdial（31）Including bar portion and gauge outfit, the bar portion includes hollow outer bar and the measuring staff in outer bar, institute Measuring staff head is stated beyond outer club head；
For supporting pressurization lid（2）The pressure foot（15）Including pressure foot base（21）, 2 pressure foot supporting walls（41）、2 Group is used for amesdial（31）Outer bar is fixed on pressure foot supporting walls（41）Fixing device, the pressure foot base（21）It is flat Hardened structure, the pressure foot supporting walls（41）Pressure foot base is relatively vertically fixed on for left and right（21）On contour straight wall, Pressure foot supporting walls（41）It is additionally provided with and supplies amesdial（31）The pressure foot gaging hole that bar portion is passed through（19）；
The pressure cuffs（26）Located at pressure foot（15）It is interior, including pressure cuffs bottom, 2 pressure cuffs supporting walls（49）, pressure cuffs End（48）, the pressure cuffs bottom is flat board, the pressure cuffs supporting walls（49）For with pressure foot supporting walls（41）In the same direction It is vertically fixed on the straight wall of pressure cuffs bottom, pressure cuffs supporting walls（49）On be additionally provided with and supply amesdial（31）What bar portion was passed through adds Gland gaging hole（29）；The pressure cuffs end（48）To be horizontally fixed on pressure cuffs supporting walls（49）The cube at top, pressurization Cover end（48）Distance and die trial of the bottom surface to pressure cuffs bottom（32）It is highly equal, pressure cuffs end（48）Middle part is provided with pros The through hole pressure cuffs port of shape（51）, the pressure cuffs port（51）For perpendicular to pressure cuffs end（48）The isometrical of upper surface leads to Hole and the length of side and die trial（32）The internal diameter length of side is equal；
For in piston rod（14）The pressure head component pressed under driving to sample（50）Cross sectional dimensions and pressure cuffs port （51）It is engaged, bottom surface is plane, sideways provided with for identifying pressure head component（50）Whether bottom surface reaches die trial（32）Upper limb Mark.
2. shaped device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure head component（50）Including seaming chuck（23）、 Push-down head（25）And the lubricating oil between upper push-down head（24）；Wherein described seaming chuck（23）Top is carried and piston rod （14）The annular groove seat that termination matches（37）, seaming chuck middle part（44）For cube, bottom is hemispherical projections, described to push Head（25）Top is the closing of four walls, open-topped straight barrel type pressure-bearing cylinder（52）, pressure-bearing cylinder（52）Bottom is carried and seaming chuck （23）The hemispherical groove that bottom is engaged, push-down head（25）Bottom is and pressure cuffs port（51）Cube that inwall formation coordinates Body, not by seaming chuck during external pressure（23）Each side and push-down head pressure-bearing cylinder（52）Inwall spacing is not less than 0.5mm.
3. shaped device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure head component（50）Lateral thickness and pressurization Cover end（48）Thickness it is equal, the pressure head component（50）The mark of side is arranged on pressure head component（50）Side top Edge.
4. shaped device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure cuffs supporting walls（49）Upper left and right is accordingly Provided with least two die trial fastening clips, the pressure foot supporting walls（41）Upper also left and right is accordingly provided with least two pressure cuffs Fastening clips（20）.
5. shaped device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure cuffs end（48）With pressure cuffs bottom Lateral surface and pressure cuffs supporting walls（49）Flush with outer surface；The pressure cuffs gaging hole（29）For horizontal rectangular through holes, length Square width is more than pressure foot gaging hole（19）Diameter；Under the specimen molding device confined state, pressure cuffs gaging hole（29）、 Pressure foot gaging hole（19）, piston rod（14）, pressure cuffs port（51）Center line be located at same vertical plane on.
6. shaped device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be arranged at the pressure foot（15）The fixed dress Put, every group includes 2 locking plates（18）, 1 locking screw holes（17）With 1 lock screw（16）, 2 locking plates （18）For up and down corresponding slab construction, with pressure foot base（21）Parallel mode is separately positioned on pressure foot gaging hole（19） Lateral wall upper and lower, the locking screw holes（17）And lock screw（16）It is arranged on the locking plate of side, the locking screw holes （17）Center line and pressure foot gaging hole（19）Vertical and intersectant centerline.
7. shaped device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure control device includes providing driving force Suppress bar（6）, oil return valve for discharging pressure（7）, from hydraulic oil pump（8）Spread out of the petroleum pipeline of pressure（5）, for pressurization cylinder （40）The oil inlet pipe of incoming pressure（3）, connection oil inlet pipe（3）And petroleum pipeline（5）Attachment valve（4）.
8. shaped device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the pressure cuffs fastening clips（20）Including screw rod （43）, the screw rod（43）One end is provided with the nut for turn screw rod（45）, the other end is provided with clamping plate（42）, the pressure foot Supporting walls are provided with the fastening screw hole I being engaged（22）.
9. shaped device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure cuffs supporting walls（49）Length and 2 Pressure cuffs supporting walls（49）Spacing be all higher than die trial（32）Outside dimensions in respective direction, pressure cuffs（26）Outer all directions Size is less than pressure foot supporting walls（41）With pressurization lid lower end（10）The inner space respective direction size of formation.
10. the forming method of shaped device described in a kind of application claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1 is calculated：Density p is designed according to pervious concrete0And die trial（32）Volumeter calculate required sample size m1, Perform step 2；
Step 2 is weighed：By pervious concrete sample to be formed（39）After mix is uniform, by m11 group of 3 parts of sample is weighed respectively （It is accurate to 1g）；Weigh die trial（32）Quality m0（It is accurate to 1g）, perform step 3；
Step 3 is assembled：By die trial（32）It is fitted into pressure cuffs（26）, single group sample is put into pressure cuffs port（51）, will press Head assembly（50）Installed in pressure cuffs port（51）Above interior, sample, by pressure cuffs（26）Entirety is put into pressure foot（15）It is interior, living Stopper rod（14）Lower section, and by piston rod（14）With pressure head component（50）Assembling, by amesdial（31）It is fitted into pressure foot gaging hole （19）, pressure cuffs gaging hole（29）And make the firmly die trial of the measuring staff crown（32）Side wall, then tightens lock screw（16）Fixed amesdial （31）Outer bar, records amesdial（31）Initial value l0（It is accurate to 0.001mm）, l0Should >=1mm；Perform step 4；
Step 4 is pressurizeed：Sample is suppressed, each suppressed time 2~5 seconds is adjacent to suppress interval twice 2~6 seconds；Suppress During first observe amesdial（31）Show value liAnd according to formula 1（lz=| li - l0|）Calculate deflection lz；If lz≤ 0.005d（D is the length of side in die trial）, then pressure head component is observed（50）The position mark of upper setting, if pressure head component（50）Bottom surface Die trial is reached（32）Upper limb then thinks that specimen molding is finished, and step 6 is performed, if pressure head component（50）Bottom surface is not up to die trial （32）Upper limb then continues executing with step 4；If lz＞ 0.005d, then perform step 5；
Step 5 elastic recovery：Stop pressurizeing and simultaneously release pressure, allow die trial（32）Outer wall is replied under elastic reaction itself, etc. After observation amesdial show value l after 30 secondsiAnd according to formula 1（lz=| li - l0|）Calculate deflection lz；Such as lz≤ 0.005d, Then perform step 4；Such as lz＞ 0.005d, then it is assumed that this part of sample shaping failure, removal amesdial（31）, pressure head component（50）、 Pressure cuffs（26）, take out die trial（32）, pour out after this part of sample by m1Benefit takes 1 part of sample, performs step 3；
Step 6 is decomposed：Stop pressurizeing and releasing pressure, removal amesdial（31）, pressure head component（50）, take out die trial（32）； Perform step 7；
Step 7 compact density evaluation：After the whole compaction mouldings of 3 parts of samples of this group, density calculating is carried out portionwise；
Weigh the die trial after shaping（32）With pervious concrete sample in die trial（39）Gross mass m2（It is accurate to 1g）, by formula 2 （ρ1 = ( m2 – m0)×106/d3）Calculate shaping density p1（It is accurate to 1kg/m3）；
When | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0When≤1.5%, it can determine that this part of sample compact density is qualified；
When | ρ1 - ρ0| × 100%/ρ0During ＞ 1.5%, it can determine that this part of sample compact density is unqualified；
When 3 parts of sample compact densities of this group are qualified, it is qualified to be considered as this group of sample compact density, performs step 8；
When 3 parts of samples 1 part of compact densities of appearance of this group are unqualified, it is considered as this group of sample unqualified, it is necessary to resample, by public affairs Formula 3（(ρ0 /ρ1) ×m1）Result of calculation be set to m1New numerical value（It is accurate to 1g）, then perform step 2；
Step 8 is conserved and solidified：To die trial（32）In test specimen carry out 28d standard curings, maintenance finish execution step 9；
Step 9 Forming Quality evaluation：Compression strength detection is carried out to same 1 group of 3 test specimen that maintenance is finished, 3 detections are obtained Numerical value, according to formula 4（β=| Ymin- Ymax| × 100%/Ym（YminFor the minimum value in 1 group of 3 detection numerical value；YmaxFor 1 group 3 Maximum in individual detection numerical value；YmFor the median in 1 group of 3 detection numerical value.））Calculate dispersion ratio β（It is accurate to 0.1%）；
It is determined as that Forming Quality is good if β≤10%, is determined as that Forming Quality is bad if β ＞ 10%；
Perform step 10；
Step 10：Result is recorded, is finished.
CN201710741677.4A 2017-08-25 2017-08-25 Permeable concrete compressive strength test piece forming device and forming method Active CN107322763B (en)

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CN109551623A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-04-02 为海（泰州）建材有限公司 A kind of special stable type sliding support connection frame
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CN111537418A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-08-14 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for evaluating grouting performance of cement asphalt composite concrete cementing material

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CN111537418A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-08-14 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for evaluating grouting performance of cement asphalt composite concrete cementing material

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