CN107316914B - System for realizing cooling of concentrating photovoltaic cells through radiation heat exchange with space - Google Patents
System for realizing cooling of concentrating photovoltaic cells through radiation heat exchange with space Download PDFInfo
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- CN107316914B CN107316914B CN201710717860.0A CN201710717860A CN107316914B CN 107316914 B CN107316914 B CN 107316914B CN 201710717860 A CN201710717860 A CN 201710717860A CN 107316914 B CN107316914 B CN 107316914B
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- photovoltaic cell
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A system for realizing cooling of concentrating photovoltaic cells through radiation heat exchange with space belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation of solar concentrating photovoltaic cells. The technical key points are as follows: the solar energy concentrating device comprises a composite parabolic concentrator, wherein the bottom of the composite parabolic concentrator is provided with a lower opening, a selective absorption-permeation-emission film is arranged at the lower opening, the selective absorption-permeation-emission film is attached to a concentrating photovoltaic cell panel, and the selective absorption-permeation-emission film consists of a matrix and nano particles arranged in the matrix. The selective absorption-transmission-emission film is covered above the concentrating photovoltaic cell panel, so that the spectral radiation of 380nm-1200nm of the spectral response wave band of the concentrating photovoltaic cell penetrates through the selective absorption-transmission-emission film as much as possible, and meanwhile, the part of energy which cannot be converted into electric energy in solar energy is converted into infrared thermal radiation energy of 8-13 mu m as much as possible, so that the purpose of realizing cooling of the concentrating photovoltaic cell by radiation heat exchange with space is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for cooling a concentrating photovoltaic cell, in particular to a system for cooling a concentrating photovoltaic cell by performing radiation heat exchange with space, and belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation of solar concentrating photovoltaic cells.
Background
Solar energy is one of effective ways for solving the problems of energy shortage, environmental pollution, greenhouse effect and the like caused by developing and utilizing fossil energy in the 21 st century due to the indefiniteness of reserves and cleanliness of development and utilization. The utilization of solar energy resources can be divided into photoelectric conversion utilization, photo-thermal conversion utilization and photochemical conversion utilization according to an energy conversion mode, wherein solar photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of cleanness, safety, convenience and the like, and the government of China supports the development of photovoltaic power generation industry greatly due to the fact that the solar energy resources of China are quite abundant and the territory area suitable for solar power generation is large. The silicon solar cell is the most commonly used photovoltaic cell at present, and has the advantages of mature process, good stability and the like. However, due to the defects of low photoelectric conversion efficiency, high cost and the like of the silicon solar cell, sunlight is concentrated on a high-performance concentrating photovoltaic cell with a small area by a focusing technology, and the solar radiation energy flow density is improved, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, and the cost is further reduced. While the part of the energy that cannot be converted into electrical energy will be accumulated in the converter in the form of photon vibrations, so-called thermal energy. From the second law of thermodynamics, it is known that the energy conversion efficiency is related to the temperature of the converter, i.e., the open circuit voltage of a solar cell decreases as the cell temperature increases. The problem of heat dissipation of concentrated photovoltaic cells is an important factor affecting photovoltaic cell performance and system reliability, and therefore, the problem of heat dissipation of cells must be considered when designing concentrated photovoltaic systems.
The traditional heat dissipation and cooling modes of the concentrating photovoltaic cell are as follows: air cooling, water cooling, micro-channel cooling, heat pipe cooling, etc. The air cooling technology is to add fins on the back of the battery plate, and the radiating effect is limited although the technology is simple; the heat transfer performance of water is better than that of wind, the natural water cooling heat dissipation effect is better than that of wind cooling, but the problems of leakage among working media, maintenance safety and the like are additionally considered; microchannel cooling is widely applied in the aspect of electronic product cooling, but has complex process and large power consumption of an additional fan; the heat pipe has good heat exchange performance, but the working medium is matched with the heat pipe material, and the high cooling cost of the heat pipe also leads to the inapplicability of the heat pipe to the large-scale application in the concentrating photovoltaic power generation industry. It is therefore very necessary to find a cooling method that is low cost and has good heat exchange properties.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Its purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.
In view of the above, the invention provides a system for cooling a concentrating photovoltaic cell by performing radiation heat exchange with space, so as to solve the above technical problems and achieve the purpose of reducing the surface temperature of the concentrating photovoltaic cell.
The invention provides a system for realizing cooling of a concentrating photovoltaic cell by radiation heat exchange with space, which comprises a compound parabolic condenser, wherein the bottom of the compound parabolic condenser is provided with a lower opening, a selective absorption-transmission-emission film is arranged at the lower opening and is attached to the concentrating photovoltaic cell panel, and the selective absorption-transmission-emission film consists of a matrix and nano particles arranged in the matrix.
Further: the matrix is polymethylpentene matrix, polyvinyl fluoride matrix or acrylic resin matrix, and the nano particles are TiO 2 Or SiO 2 。
Further: the substrate is a polymethylpentene substrate, and the thickness of the polymethylpentene substrate is 50 mu m; the nano particles are TiO 2 And (3) particles. The numerical analysis result shows that the selective absorption-transmission-emission film has high emissivity in the 8-13 mu m wave band and low absorptivity in the 380nm-1200nm spectral response wave band, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the temperature of the concentrating photovoltaic cell by carrying out radiation heat exchange with space.
Further: the particle radius of the nanoparticle is 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.0 μm, 2.0 μm, 3.0 μm or 4.0 μm.
Further: the volume fraction of the nanoparticles in the selective absorption-transmission-emission film is 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%. The absorption rate of the selective absorption-transmission-emission film in the wave band of 380nm-1200nm is as small as possible, and the emissivity of the selective absorption-transmission-emission film in the wave band of 8-13 mu m is as large as possible, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the selective absorption-transmission-emission film with space radiation heat exchange and the cooling effect of the concentrating photovoltaic cell are improved.
The beneficial effects are that:
the temperature of the outer space of the atmosphere is close to absolute zero, and is an ideal cold source, but the atmosphere prevents the radiation and heat dissipation of the ground to space. However, between the atmospheric window (8-13 μm) band, the absorption rate of the atmosphere is low, the transmittance is large, and this band is just in the far infrared region of the ground object radiation at normal temperature, and the ground energy can be radiated to the outer space through this band. The invention attaches the selective absorption-transmission-emission film on the surface of the concentrating photovoltaic cell, so that the concentrating photovoltaic cell has high emissivity in the 8-13 mu m wave band and low absorptivity in the 380nm-1200nm spectral response wave band. Therefore, on one hand, the absorption rate of the film in the 380nm-1200nm of the spectral response band can be reduced, so that the influence of the film on the energy of the absorption spectral response band of the concentrating photovoltaic cell is reduced, and on the other hand, the heat of the concentrating photovoltaic cell can be converted into 8-13 mu m of radiant energy as much as possible, and the radiant energy is dissipated into space through an atmospheric window, so that the aim of reducing the temperature of the concentrating photovoltaic cell is fulfilled.
Drawings
Fig. 1: a schematic diagram of a cooling system of a concentrating photovoltaic system battery (arrows in the figure indicate concentrated light paths);
fig. 2: a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 1;
fig. 3: the spectral absorptivity of the film was determined as a function of the particle volume fraction (f v ) A graph of the variation of (2);
fig. 4: the spectral absorptivity of the film was plotted against the particle size (D).
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the interest of clarity and conciseness, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with system-and business-related constraints, and that these constraints will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.
It should be noted here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the device structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
Examples: the system for realizing cooling of the concentrating photovoltaic cell by radiation heat exchange with space comprises a compound parabolic concentrator 1, wherein a lower opening is arranged at the bottom of the compound parabolic concentrator 1, a selective absorption-transmission-emission film 2 is arranged at the lower opening, the selective absorption-transmission-emission film 2 is attached to the concentrating photovoltaic cell panel 3, and the selective absorption-transmission-emission film 2 consists of a matrix 21 and nano particles 22 arranged in the matrix. The matrix 21 is a polymethylpentene matrix; the nanoparticle 22 is TiO 2 . The thickness of the substrate 21 was 50. Mu.m.
The numerical analysis result shows that the selective absorption-transmission-emission film has high emissivity in the 8-13 mu m wave band and low absorptivity in the 380nm-1200nm spectral response wave band, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the temperature of the concentrating photovoltaic cell by carrying out radiation heat exchange with space. The particle radius of the nanoparticle 22 is 0.4 μm. The volume fraction of the nanoparticles in the selective absorption-transmission-emission film 2 was 4%. The absorption rate of the selective absorption-transmission-emission film in the wave band of 380nm-1200nm is as small as possible, and the emissivity of the selective absorption-transmission-emission film in the wave band of 8-13 mu m is as large as possible, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the selective absorption-transmission-emission film with space radiation heat exchange and the cooling effect of the concentrating photovoltaic cell are improved.
The substrate 21 in this embodiment may also be selected to be a polyvinyl fluoride substrate or an acrylic resin substrate; the nanoparticles 22 may be selected as SiO 2 . The particle radius of the nanoparticle 22 may be selected to be 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.0 μm, 2.0 μm, 3.0 μm or 4.0 μm. The volume fraction of the nanoparticles in the selective absorption-transmission-emission film 2 may also be selected to be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%. FIGS. 3 and 4 show the spectral absorptivity of the selectively absorbing-transmitting filmAs a function of particle volume fraction (f v ) And the particle diameter (D).
Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments adopted for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the core technical solution disclosed in the present invention, but the scope of protection defined by the present invention is still subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A system for realizing cooling of concentrating photovoltaic cells by radiation heat exchange with space is characterized in that: the solar energy concentrating device comprises a composite parabolic concentrator (1), wherein the bottom of the composite parabolic concentrator (1) is provided with a lower opening, a selective absorption-transmission-emission film (2) is arranged at the lower opening, the selective absorption-transmission-emission film (2) is attached to a concentrating photovoltaic cell panel (3), and the selective absorption-transmission-emission film (2) consists of a matrix (21) and nano particles (22) arranged in the matrix; so that the light has high emissivity in the 8-13 mu m wave band and low absorptivity in the 380nm-1200nm spectral response wave band; the heat of the concentrating photovoltaic cell is converted into radiation energy of 8-13 mu m, and the radiation energy is dissipated into space through an atmospheric window, so that the temperature of the concentrating photovoltaic cell is reduced.
2. A system for cooling a concentrated photovoltaic cell by radiation heat exchange with space as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the matrix (21) is polymethylpentene matrix, polyvinyl fluoride matrix or acrylic resin matrix, and the nano particles (22) are TiO 2 Or SiO 2 。
3. A system for cooling a concentrated photovoltaic cell by radiation heat exchange with space as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the substrate (21) is a polymethylpentene substrate, and the thickness of the substrate is 50 mu m; the nano particles are TiO 2 And (3) particles.
4. A system for cooling a concentrated photovoltaic cell by radiation heat exchange with space as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the particle radius of the nanoparticle (22) is 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.0 μm, 2.0 μm, 3.0 μm or 4.0 μm.
5. The system for cooling a concentrated photovoltaic cell by radiation heat exchange with space according to claim 4, wherein: the volume fraction of the nanoparticles (22) in the selective absorption-transmission-emission film (2) is 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%.
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| CN106972068A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-21 | 武汉大学 | The method for improving solar energy power generating plate photovoltaic conversion efficiency |
| CN110608548B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2024-04-23 | 浙江耀伏能源管理有限公司 | Flat plate type ground space radiation cooler with air flow passage |
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| CN101093968A (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2007-12-26 | 吴云涛 | Condensing solar power generation plate reflected from composite parabola |
| CN102089598A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2011-06-08 | 3M创新有限公司 | Solar concentrating mirror |
| CN102593225A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 张一熙 | Method for solving heat dissipation problem of concentrating photovoltaic power generation system |
| KR101221958B1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2013-01-15 | 한국항공대학교산학협력단 | Hybrid energy conversion apparatus utilizing solar energy |
| CN105957912A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-09-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multifunctional spectrum selective encapsulation material |
| CN106208950A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2016-12-07 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of dish-style reflective concentration photo-electric power generation system being conducive to crop growth |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9929690B2 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2018-03-27 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Spectrally-engineered solar thermal photovoltaic devices |
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| CN101093968A (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2007-12-26 | 吴云涛 | Condensing solar power generation plate reflected from composite parabola |
| CN102089598A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2011-06-08 | 3M创新有限公司 | Solar concentrating mirror |
| CN102593225A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 张一熙 | Method for solving heat dissipation problem of concentrating photovoltaic power generation system |
| KR101221958B1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2013-01-15 | 한국항공대학교산학협력단 | Hybrid energy conversion apparatus utilizing solar energy |
| CN105957912A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-09-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multifunctional spectrum selective encapsulation material |
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