CN107314848B - Force measuring system of marine anchor winch and calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Force measuring system of marine anchor winch and calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107314848B CN107314848B CN201710699584.XA CN201710699584A CN107314848B CN 107314848 B CN107314848 B CN 107314848B CN 201710699584 A CN201710699584 A CN 201710699584A CN 107314848 B CN107314848 B CN 107314848B
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- anchor
- force measuring
- mooring
- marine
- force
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0061—Force sensors associated with industrial machines or actuators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0061—Force sensors associated with industrial machines or actuators
- G01L5/0066—Calibration arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
- G05B19/058—Safety, monitoring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/10—Plc systems
- G05B2219/16—Plc to applications
- G05B2219/163—Domotique, domestic, home control, automation, smart, intelligent house
Abstract
The invention discloses a force measuring system of a marine anchor and mooring machine and a calibration method thereof, which are arranged in a cabin and on a main deck of a ship and comprise an anchor and mooring machine body, a vertical guide pulley, a rope guider, an anchor, a force transducer and a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the anchor and mooring machine body is arranged in the cabin, the anchor and mooring machine body is provided with a plurality of steel wire ropes and anchor and mooring machine motors, the vertical guide pulleys are respectively arranged in the cabin and on the main deck, the rope guider is also arranged on the main deck, after sequentially passing through the vertical guide pulley in the cabin, the vertical guide pulley outside the cabin and the rope guider, the end part of the steel wire rope is connected with the anchor, the force transducer is arranged on a vertical guide pulley outside the cabin, and the anchor and the mooring machine body is in signal control connection with the PLC. The invention ensures that the calibration test is not needed to be carried out on the shore of the large-sized ship, and simultaneously ensures the accuracy of the force measuring device and the linear change of the numerical value of the force measuring device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to movement and positioning of a large ship, in particular to a force measuring system of a marine anchor and mooring machine and a calibration method thereof.
Background
With the development of large vessels on the sea, some large industrial vessels such as floating crane vessels, pipe laying vessels, oil production platforms and the like all use large anchor windlass to provide movement and positioning for them.
Sensor calibration of the anchor-windlass refers to detecting whether the accuracy of the load cell meets the standard or not by using standard metering instruments or equipment. Knowing the accuracy of the wire rope tension measurement of the marine anchor winch is critical to the safety of the vessel. The anchor winch system is provided with a force measuring device, calibration is required before formal use, the traditional testing method is to pass a high A-shaped steel frame through which a steel wire rope of an anchor winch enters the sea is arranged on the shore, a standard counterweight with known weight is tied at the end part of the steel wire rope, the counterweight is hoisted, then the force measuring device is calibrated, the counterweight is generally larger (several tons to tens of tons) because of the large pulling force of the anchor winch, and in order to ensure the calibration accuracy, one anchor winch is required to test at least 3 different counterweights.
The testing method is very complicated in the testing preparation working stage, a large ship is generally provided with 6-12 anchor winches, a force measuring device of each anchor winch is required to be calibrated, certain potential safety hazards exist in the process of testing the hoisting weight for many times, and the total time consumption of testing is quite long.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a force measuring system of a marine anchor and mooring machine and a calibration method thereof, so that a calibration test is not required to be carried out on the shore of a large-sized ship, and meanwhile, the accuracy of a force measuring device and the linear change of the numerical value of the force measuring device can be ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on the one hand, the force measuring system of the marine anchor and mooring machine is arranged in a cabin of a ship and on a main deck, and comprises an anchor and mooring machine body, vertical guide pulleys, a rope guider, an anchor, a force sensor and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control console, wherein the anchor and mooring machine body is arranged in the cabin, the anchor and mooring machine body is provided with a steel wire rope and an anchor and mooring machine motor, the vertical guide pulleys are respectively arranged in the cabin and on the main deck, the rope guider is also arranged on the main deck, and after the steel wire rope on the anchor and mooring machine body sequentially passes through the vertical guide pulleys in the cabin, the vertical guide pulleys outside the cabin and the rope guider, the end part of the steel wire rope is connected with the anchor, the force sensor is arranged on one vertical guide pulley outside the cabin, and the anchor and the mooring machine body is connected with the PLC control console through signal control.
The force transducer is arranged on a vertical guide pulley outside the cabin in an inclined angle.
The load cell is provided with a weight transmitter.
The weight transmitter is sleeved with a protective cover.
The protective cover is an aviation plug type protective cover.
On the other hand, the calibration method of the force measuring system of the marine anchor and mooring machine comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of force measuring systems of the marine anchor windlass on a ship, running the ship to the sea, throwing anchors of the force measuring systems of the marine anchor windlass into the sea, and enabling the anchors to grasp the seabed;
s2, firstly braking a force measuring system of the marine anchor and mooring machines, closing the force measuring systems of the other marine anchor and mooring machines, starting an anchor and mooring machine motor to be calibrated, and enabling the anchor and mooring machine body to tighten the steel wire rope;
s3, when the ship stops and stabilizes, the actual torque of the anchor-mooring motor to be calibrated is unchanged, and a PLC console records the reading T of the torque 1 ；
S4, recording the rope outlet radius r of the steel wire rope when the subscript is recorded by the PLC control console 1 Calculating the first steel wire rope pulling force F 1 ＝T 1 *u/r 1 F is to F 1 The value is used as a standard value of calibration, and u in the formula is the total speed ratio;
s5, increasing the torque of the motor of the anchor and mooring machine according to the S3 and S4 methods, and testing the readings T of the torque twice 2 And T 3 And two rope-discharging radii r 2 And r 3 Calculating the second and third steel wire rope pulling forces F according to the total speed ratio u 2 And F 3 ；
S6, pulling the steel wire rope for the second time and the third time to obtain the pulling force F 2 And F 3 The value of the force measurement system is compared with the value of the force measurement sensor, and the two values are consistent, so that the force measurement system of the marine anchor-mooring machine is in linear change and the measured value is accurate;
s7, after the calibration of the force measuring system of the marine anchor and mooring machine is finished, calibrating the force measuring system of the next marine anchor and mooring machine in sequence according to the steps S2 to S7 until all the force measuring systems of the marine anchor and mooring machines on the whole ship are calibrated completely.
In the step S4, the total speed ratio is the total speed ratio from the motor of the anchoring machine to the winding drum on the anchoring machine.
In the step S4, F is 1 The value is used as the standard value of calibration, namely, the reading of the force transducer is changed into F 1 Values.
In the step S4, the rope outlet radius is the distance from the steel wire rope to the center of the winding drum on the anchoring machine body.
In the technical scheme, the force measuring system of the marine anchor and mooring machine and the calibration method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can save a great deal of complicated preliminary preparation work, and particularly, the process of large-mass counterweight and lifting can be omitted;
2. the calibration method is safe in process, and after the anchor is thrown into the sea, the calibration can be completed only by controlling the PLC console, so that no potential safety hazard exists;
3. the invention can achieve high efficiency and high speed, the whole calibration process time is short, the operation is simple, and the calibration time is greatly shortened;
4. the invention has accurate calibration result, when the anchor-windlass is in static state, the accurate value of the torque of the anchor-windlass motor can be converted into the tension value of the steel wire rope, the tension value can be used as the calibration basis, and the precision of the force sensor is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion a of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the load cell of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a state of use diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the force measuring system for a ship anchor and mooring machine provided by the present invention is mainly disposed in a cabin 1 and on a main deck 2 of a ship, the force measuring system 100 for a ship anchor and mooring machine comprises an anchor and mooring machine body 3, a vertical guide pulley 4, a rope guider 5, an anchor 6, a load cell 7 and a PLC control console 8, wherein the anchor and mooring machine body 3 is mounted in the cabin 1, the anchor and mooring machine body 3 is provided with a steel wire rope 9 and an anchor and mooring machine motor 10, the steel wire rope 9 is wound on a winding drum 11 of the anchor and mooring machine body 3, in this embodiment, 2 vertical guide pulleys 4 are disposed, one is disposed in the cabin 1, the other is disposed on the main deck 2 outside the cabin 1, the rope guider 5 is also mounted on the main deck 2, after the head end of the steel wire rope 9 on the winding drum 11 of the anchor and mooring machine body 3 sequentially passes through the vertical guide pulley 4 arranged in the cabin 1, the vertical guide pulley 4 arranged on the outer main deck 2 of the cabin 1 and the rope guider 5, the head end of the steel wire rope 9 is connected with the anchor 6, the force transducer 7 is arranged on the vertical guide pulley 4 on the outer main deck 2 of the cabin 1, and the rope inlet and outlet angles of the vertical guide pulley 4 are fixed, so that the value measured by the force transducer 7 is very accurate, the stress direction is shown as the arrow direction in fig. 3, and the signal control between the anchor and mooring machine body 3 and the PLC control console 8 is connected, so that the PLC control console 8 can read and store the moment transmission value of the anchor and mooring machine motor 10 and the tension value of the steel wire rope 9 for calibration operation.
Preferably, the force transducer 7 is installed on the vertical guide pulley 4 on the main deck 2 at a certain inclination angle, and the force transducer 7 is in the same direction as the steel wire rope 9 when measuring, so that the measured value of the force transducer 7 is accurate.
Preferably, the load cell 7 is provided with a weight transmitter 12, and the weight transmitter 12 is sleeved with a protective cover 13 for protecting the weight transmitter 12. The protective cover 13 is preferably an aviation plug type protective cover.
Referring to fig. 5, the calibration method of the force measuring system of the marine anchor and mooring machine provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, when a ship runs to the sea, a plurality of anchor windlass force measuring systems 100 for the ship are installed on the ship (generally, 6 to 12 anchor windlass force measuring systems are adopted, the installation positions of the 8 anchor windlass force measuring systems are shown in fig. 5 in the embodiment), anchors 6 of the anchor windlass force measuring systems 100 for the ship are thrown into the sea floor, and the anchors 6 grasp the sea floor;
s2, firstly, braking one of the marine anchor-twisting machine force measuring systems 100 to start calibration operation, closing the other seven marine anchor-twisting machine force measuring systems 100, and starting an anchor-twisting machine motor 10 of the marine anchor-twisting machine force measuring system 100 to be calibrated to enable a winding drum 11 of an anchor-twisting machine body 3 to tighten a steel wire rope 9;
s3, when the ship stops and stabilizes, the actual torque of the anchor and mooring motor 3 of the anchor and mooring motor force measuring system 100 for the ship to be calibrated is unchanged, and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control console 8 records the reading T of the torque 1 And the reading T 1 The display can be accurately performed on the PLC control console 8;
s4, recording the rope outlet radius r of the steel wire rope 9 when the PLC control console 8 is in the lower standard 1 So that the first steel wire rope tension F can be calculated 1 ＝T 1 *u/r 1 F is to F 1 The value is used as a standard value of calibration, and the reading of the load cell 7 is changed into F in a control program 1 The value of u is the total speed ratio, namely the total speed ratio from the motor 10 of the anchoring machine to the winding drum 11 on the body 3 of the anchoring machine, and the rope outlet radius r 1 Is the distance from the wire rope 9 to the centre of the drum 11 on the body 3 of the anchoring machine.
S5, increasing the torque of the motor 10 of the anchor and mooring machine according to the methods S3 and S4, and testing the readings T of the torque twice 2 And T 3 And two rope-discharging radii r 2 And r 3 Calculating the second and third steel wire rope pulling forces F according to the total speed ratio u 2 And F 3 ；
S6, pulling the steel wire rope for the second time and the third time to obtain the pulling force F 2 And F 3 If the values of the two times of the values are consistent with the values of the force sensor 7, the fact that the force measurement system 100 of the marine anchor-windlass is in linear change and the measured value is accurate is indicated;
s7, after the calibration of the force measuring system 100 of the marine anchor and mooring machine is finished, calibrating the force measuring system 100 of the next marine anchor and mooring machine in sequence according to the steps S2 to S7 until all eight marine anchor and mooring machine force measuring systems 100 on the whole ship are calibrated.
In summary, after the invention is applied, a calibration test is not required when the ship is at shore, 6-12 anchors are thrown into the sea when the ship is at sea, each anchor is used for grasping the seabed, all anchor winch bodies except for the calibration anchor winch body are braked, a motor is started to tighten the steel wire rope of the calibration anchor winch body, when the ship is stable and the actual transmission moment of the anchor winch motor (accurately displayed in a PLC (programmable logic controller)) is unchanged, the actual torque of the reel is calculated according to the total speed ratio of the anchor winch motor to the reel by utilizing the value, the pulling force of the steel wire rope is calculated according to the radius of the steel wire rope on the reel, the value is used as the calibration value of the anchor winch force measuring device, each anchor winch is tested for three groups of different data, the accuracy of the force measuring device and the linear change of the value of the force measuring device are ensured, and the force measuring devices of other winches are calibrated sequentially after one test is finished.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are provided for illustration only and not for limitation of the invention, and that variations and modifications of the above described embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the invention as long as they fall within the true spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a marine anchor winch force measurement system, locate in the cabin of boats and ships, on the main deck, a serial communication port, including anchor winch body, vertical guide pulley, the rope guide, the anchor, force transducer and PLC control cabinet, anchor winch body locates in the cabin, have wire rope and anchor winch motor on the anchor winch body, vertical guide pulley has a plurality of, locate in the cabin respectively, and on the main deck, the rope guide is also located on the main deck, after the wire rope on the anchor winch body passes perpendicular guide pulley in the cabin, the perpendicular guide pulley outside the cabin and the rope guide in proper order, wire rope's tip links to each other with the anchor, force transducer locates on a vertical guide pulley outside the cabin, anchor winch body links to each other with PLC control cabinet signal control.
2. The force measuring system of a marine anchoring and mooring machine according to claim 1 wherein the force measuring sensor is arranged on a vertical guide pulley outside the cabin at an oblique angle.
3. The force measuring system of the marine anchoring machine according to claim 2, wherein the force measuring sensor is provided with a weight transducer.
4. A force measuring system for a marine anchor and mooring machine according to claim 3 wherein the weight transmitter is provided with a protective cover.
5. The force measuring system of a marine anchor and mooring machine according to claim 4 wherein said protective cover is an aviation plug type protective cover.
6. A method of calibrating a force measuring system for a marine anchor and mooring machine according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
s1, arranging a plurality of force measuring systems of the marine anchor windlass on a ship, running the ship to the sea, throwing anchors of the force measuring systems of the marine anchor windlass into the sea, and enabling the anchors to grasp the seabed;
s2, firstly braking a force measuring system of the marine anchor and mooring machines, closing the force measuring systems of the other marine anchor and mooring machines, starting an anchor and mooring machine motor to be calibrated, and enabling the anchor and mooring machine body to tighten the steel wire rope;
s3, when the ship stops and stabilizes, the actual torque of the anchor-mooring motor to be calibrated is unchanged, and a PLC console records the reading T of the torque 1 ；
S4, recording the rope outlet radius r of the steel wire rope when the subscript is recorded by the PLC control console 1 Calculating the first steel wire rope pulling force F 1 ＝T 1 *u/r 1 F is to F 1 The value is used as a standard value of calibration, and u in the formula is the total speed ratio;
s5, increasing the torque of the motor of the anchor and mooring machine according to the S3 and S4 methods, and testing the readings T of the torque twice 2 And T 3 And two rope-discharging radii r 2 And r 3 Calculating the second and third steel wire rope pulling forces F according to the total speed ratio u 2 And F 3 ；
S6, pulling the steel wire rope for the second time and the third time to obtain the pulling force F 2 And F 3 The value of the force measurement system is compared with the value of the force measurement sensor, and the two values are consistent, so that the force measurement system of the marine anchor-mooring machine is in linear change and the measured value is accurate;
s7, after the calibration of the force measuring system of the marine anchor and mooring machine is finished, calibrating the force measuring system of the next marine anchor and mooring machine in sequence according to the steps S2 to S7 until all the force measuring systems of the marine anchor and mooring machines on the whole ship are calibrated completely.
7. The method for calibrating a force measuring system of a marine anchoring machine according to claim 6, wherein in the step S4, the total speed ratio is the total speed ratio of the anchoring machine motor to the reel on the anchoring machine body.
8. The method for calibrating a force measuring system of a marine anchor and mooring machine according to claim 6, wherein in step S4, F is defined as 1 The value is used as the standard value of calibration, namely, the reading of the force transducer is changed into F 1 Values.
9. The method for calibrating a force measuring system of a marine anchoring machine according to claim 6, wherein in the step S4, the radius of the outgoing rope is the distance from the wire rope to the center of a reel on the anchoring machine.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710699584.XA CN107314848B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | Force measuring system of marine anchor winch and calibration method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710699584.XA CN107314848B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | Force measuring system of marine anchor winch and calibration method thereof |
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| CN107314848A CN107314848A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
| CN107314848B true CN107314848B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB236167A (en) * | 1924-06-28 | 1925-08-27 | Atlas Werke Ag | An improved electrical anchor winch or capstan |
| CN201406288Y (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-02-17 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Arm stand sliding system of heavy floating crane |
| CN105571707A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-11 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Novel weight sensor calibration method for anchor and mooring machine |
| CN207036322U (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-02-23 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | A kind of anchor winch dynamometric system peculiar to vessel |
-
2017
- 2017-08-16 CN CN201710699584.XA patent/CN107314848B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB236167A (en) * | 1924-06-28 | 1925-08-27 | Atlas Werke Ag | An improved electrical anchor winch or capstan |
| CN201406288Y (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-02-17 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Arm stand sliding system of heavy floating crane |
| CN105571707A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-11 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Novel weight sensor calibration method for anchor and mooring machine |
| CN207036322U (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-02-23 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | A kind of anchor winch dynamometric system peculiar to vessel |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 韩林青 ; 江一帆 ; 陈雷 ; .船舶绞车绳张力检测技术.船舶工程.2016,(S2),第105-109页. * |
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