CN107314738B - Hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system and data processing method - Google Patents
Hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system and data processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107314738B CN107314738B CN201710442137.6A CN201710442137A CN107314738B CN 107314738 B CN107314738 B CN 107314738B CN 201710442137 A CN201710442137 A CN 201710442137A CN 107314738 B CN107314738 B CN 107314738B
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/042—Calibration or calibration artifacts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system and data processing method, the experimental system includes the detection device measured to overflow thickness of liquid film, with for the caliberating device that conductance probe head response characteristic is demarcated used in detection device, and be connected with the overflow hole of experimental model, for coolant to be injected into the injection device that model surface forms liquid film.Caliberating device of the invention can realize that any thickness of liquid film is adjusted by adjusting block, and detection device can be realized the measurement of different-thickness liquid film, and injection device can guarantee the coolant in liquid storage device with overflow rather than mode of jet flows out.Data processing method of the invention can accurately calculate the thickness of current liquid film according to the peak-to-valley value of pumping signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hypersonic aircraft thermal protection field, more particularly to it is a kind of it is hypersonic under the conditions of formed and overflow
Flow liquid film and the experimental system and its data processing method that its thickness is measured.
Background technique
Harsh thermal environment, leading edge, the hair of aircraft wing and empennage are faced in hypersonic aircraft flight course
The thermal protection effect of motivation air intake duct leading edge, local protuberance object and the lesser leading edge position of observation window iso-curvature radius becomes limit
The bottleneck of aircraft development processed, need to improve the thermal protective performance of thermal protection system in conjunction with Active Cooling.
Current emerging overflow Film cooling is a kind of novel active cooling scheme, coolant liquid stream in a manner of overflow
Out, then spread forms the high-temperature gas outside Heat buffered layer isolation at liquid film under the action of body surface frictional resistance, liquid film
Evaporation process can also further decrease object plane hot-fluid, thus effective protection aircraft.In overflow liquid film Experimental Study of Cooling, liquid
Film thickness is most basic characteristic parameter, is the key parameter studied coolant mechanism and assess cooling performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind for forming overflow liquid film under the conditions of hypersonic and carrying out to its thickness
The experimental system and its data processing method of measurement.
Particularly, the present invention provides a kind of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system, comprising:
Detection device measures overflow thickness of liquid film, comprising:
Driving source, the signal generating unit including pumping signal needed for generating conductance probe head, and control exciting signal frequency
Frequency selection unit, and control pumping signal type waveform selecting unit；
Pumping signal expanding element, receives the pumping signal of the driving source, and generates the complete phase of frequency, phase, amplitude
Same pumping signal is exported；
Circuit is measured, the pumping signal of the pumping signal expanding element output is received, then measurement result is exported, including
Conductance probe head and the self-balancing bridge being connected with conductance probe head；
Idle loop receives the pumping signal of the pumping signal expanding element output, output using self-balancing bridge
Signal is the electromagnetic interference signal in measurement process；
Differential amplification unit, including in-phase proportion amplifier and difference proportional amplifier receive the measurement circuit and sky
Carry the signal in circuit and by amplifying and deducting electromagnetic interference signal after difference processing；
Zeroing unit is brought for controlling the amplification factor of differential amplification unit with eliminating electronic component parameter differences
Influence；
Data acquisition unit acquires the output signal for meeting specified requirement in the differential amplification unit；
Data processing unit: for receiving the output signal of the data acquisition unit and detecting the peak valley of output signal
Value, obtains thickness of liquid film according to peak-to-valley value；
Caliberating device is demarcated for the response characteristic to conductance probe head, comprising:
Pedestal；
Measurement bay is mounted on the pedestal, is U-shaped and is open towards horizontal direction；
Sink is horizontally arranged on the undersetting of the measurement bay, and with the groove for accommodating liquid, bottom is provided with peace
Fill the through-hole of the conductance probe head；
Spiral micrometer bar is mounted on the upper bracket of the measurement bay and vertical with the sink；
Adjusting block is mounted on the spiral micrometer bar close to one end of the sink and parallel with the sink；
Injection device is connected with the overflow hole of experimental model, forms liquid film, packet for coolant to be injected into model surface
It includes:
Liquid storage device, for storing coolant；
High-pressure air source, for pushing the coolant in the liquid storage device to export；
Pressure regulation unit is mounted in the high-pressure air source, is input in the liquid storage device for controlling the high-pressure air source
High-pressure gas pressure；
Solenoid valve is mounted on the infusion pipeline of the liquid storage device, for accurately controlling coolant injection length；
Shut-off valve is mounted on the downstream of the solenoid valve on infusion pipeline, for ending the on-off of infusion pipeline；
Controller, for controlling the open and close of the solenoid valve.
Flow regulating unit, for controlling the flow of coolant.
In an embodiment of the invention, the pumping signal expanding element is by two and the voltage follower structure that connects
At the performance parameter of two voltage followers is consistent, identical to be respectively the idle loop and measurement circuit offer
Pumping signal.
In an embodiment of the invention, zeroing unit, the tune are also connected in the differential amplification unit
Zero location makes output signal amplitude zero when thickness of liquid film is zero.
In an embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition unit acquires the output letter of the differential amplification unit
Number when, frequency acquisition is at least not less than 10 times of exciting signal frequency, and system bandwidth is not less than 2 times of exciting signal frequency.
In an embodiment of the invention, the through-hole hole location center of the sink to the recess edge distance extremely
It is less twice of conductance probe head diameter, the depth of groove of the sink is at least twice of the adjusting block thickness.
In an embodiment of the invention, the spiral micrometer bar includes the adjustment barrel fixed with the measurement bay,
The adjusting rod being mounted in adjustment barrel adjusts the adjusting bolt of adjusting rod lifting, and after adjustment by adjusting rod locking
The locking device of position.
In an embodiment of the invention, the pedestal adjusting for adjusting the pedestal level is installed on the pedestal
Device, there are four the base adjusting devices and is separately mounted at four symmetric positions of the base bottom, including both ends
Screw rod with opposite threads, and it is screwed in the sleeve that the effect that supports and fixes is realized at screw rod both ends respectively；
The vertical adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spiral micrometer bar vertical angle, including fixation are installed on the measurement bay
Ring is mounted on the clamping unit of clamping spiral micrometer bar in fixed ring, and the clamping unit includes contacting with spiral micrometer bar
Arc panel, the hydraulic clamping bar being connect by universal shaft with arc panel.
In an embodiment of the invention, the liquid storage device includes:
Cylinder is the tubular structure of both ends open,
Cover board, upper cover plate and lower cover plate including closing off the both ends open of the cylinder, be provided on upper cover plate into
Port is provided with fluid hole on lower cover plate, and the flow regulating unit is mounted at the air inlet；
Sliding block is mounted in the cylinder, is divided into two spaces in drum shaft upward sliding sealing.
In an embodiment of the invention, the flow regulating unit, comprising:
Adjustment seat is mounted at the air inlet, the bellmouth including being located at the upper cover plate lower part, and is located on described
The cylindrical fixation hole that cover board top is connected to bellmouth；The frustoconical bevel angle of the bellmouth and the circular cone is 10~20 °；
Conical surface adjusting block, the circular cone of connecting column and lower part including top, connecting column is by being threadably mounted at fixation hole
Interior, the frustoconical bevel angle of circular cone and the frustoconical bevel angle of bellmouth are identical, and it is logical that the axial direction extended to circular cone is provided on connecting column
Road is provided with the interconnection being connected to axial passage on circular cone.
In an embodiment of the invention, a kind of aforementioned hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment is provided
The data processing method of system, includes the following steps:
Step 100, first derivation is carried out to the signal that data acquisition unit acquires by data processing unit；
Step 200, peak value is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 300, first derivative is sought again after carrying out reverse phase operation to original signal；
Step 400, valley is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 500, thickness of liquid film is determined according to signal peak-to-valley value, determines that the formula of thickness of liquid film is as follows according to peak-to-valley value:
Wherein, ViFor excitation signal amplitude, RfFor the feedback resistance value for measuring circuit self-balancing bridge, C is to pass through before testing
Demarcate determining measuring probe response characteristic.
Caliberating device of the invention can realize that any thickness of liquid film is adjusted by adjusting block, meet different calibration experiments and want
It asks, fine adjustments can be realized to adjusting block by spiral micrometer bar, the degree of regulation of thickness of liquid film is improved, solve conductance spy
The head uncertain problem of output characteristics.
Detection device of the invention can be realized the measurement of different-thickness liquid film, can produce specified value by driving source
Pumping signal can eliminate the interference signal generated in measurement process by idle loop and differential amplification unit, reduce error
To obtain accurate thickness of liquid film value.
Injection device of the invention can guarantee the coolant in liquid storage device with overflow rather than mode of jet flows out, cooling
The adjustable range of agent flux is wide, easy to adjust, response is fast, liquid film settling time is short and safe and reliable.
Data processing method of the invention can accurately calculate the thickness of current liquid film according to the peak-to-valley value of pumping signal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the detection device connection schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the caliberating device structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the injection device structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of pumping signal expanding element in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of differential amplification unit in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is that the pumping signal of the driving source output of one embodiment of the present invention and signal expansion module are supplied to measurement
The pumping signal schematic diagram in circuit and idle loop；
Fig. 7 is the output signal schematic diagram of the differential amplifier circuit of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the signal peak-to-valley value schematic diagram that the data processing unit of one embodiment of the present invention obtains；
Fig. 9 is the response characteristic schematic diagram of the measuring probe of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that the thickness of liquid film of one embodiment of the present invention changes over time；
Figure 11 is the data processing method flow chart of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the base adjusting device structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the vertical adjustment mechanism structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the flow regulating unit structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Measurement of correlation component, basic principle are arranged using the principle of conductive coupling mensuration by the present invention are as follows: coolant liquid
With certain conductivity, when thickness of liquid film difference, conductive capability is different, and liquid film electric conductivity value is mutually coupled with thickness of liquid film,
Therefore, thickness of liquid film can determine by measurement liquid film electric conductivity value.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, the hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system of one embodiment of the present invention
System generally includes for coolant liquid to be injected into model surface to form the cooling liquid injecting device of liquid film, to overflow liquid film
The detection device that thickness measures, and to the caliberating device that the response characteristic of measuring probe is demarcated.
The detection device generally comprises:
Driving source, since conductive coupling mensuration is actively to measure, needing to provide driving source for conductance probe head could be normal
Work, the driving source of present embodiment are made of frequency selection unit, waveform selecting unit and signal generating unit.Wherein frequency
Selecting unit provides suitable resistance, capacitance for the oscillation network of signal generating unit, and controls the frequency for generating pumping signal
Rate, frequency range are 100Hz~100kHz.Waveform selecting unit controls the type that signal generating unit generates pumping signal: can
For sine wave, triangular wave or square wave.Signal generating unit generate conductance probe head needed for pumping signal, signal type and frequency by
Frequency selection unit and waveform selecting unit control.To avoid driving source to the electrolytic effect of coolant liquid, driving source is necessary for handing over
Flow signal.
Pumping signal expanding element, receives the pumping signal of driving source, and it is identical to generate frequency, phase, amplitude
Pumping signal exported so that following measurement circuits and idle loop receive completely the same signal.This embodiment party
In formula, pumping signal expanding element can be by two and the voltage follower connect is constituted, the performance parameter of two voltage followers
It is completely the same, identical pumping signal can be respectively supplied to idle loop and measurement circuit.
Measure circuit, receive the pumping signal of pumping signal expanding element output, then measurement result is exported, including with electricity
Lead the self-balancing bridge that probe is connected.Wherein, pumping signal is loaded into conductance probe head input terminal, probe output by self-balancing bridge
End connects and composes feedback network with self-balancing bridge, and excitation signal strength and thickness of liquid film export after being coupled to following difference
Amplifying unit.
Idle loop is exported after being received the pumping signal of pumping signal expanding element output using self-balancing bridge.It is unloaded
The circuit in circuit and measurement circuit is constituted unanimously, but is not connect with conductance probe head, because electromagnetic environment is more in wind tunnel experiment
Complexity so electromagnetic interference signal can be received by idle loop, and will measure the interference in circuit by differential amplification unit
Signal deducts.
Differential amplification unit, including having in-phase proportion amplifier and difference compared with high input impedance and common-mode interference rejection ratio
Divide proportional amplifier, differential amplification unit receives the signal in measurement circuit and idle loop and deducts by amplification and difference processing
It is exported after electromagnetic interference signal.It is possible to further connect a zeroing unit in differential amplification unit, zeroing unit is used for
The amplification factor for controlling differential amplification unit can eliminate the influence of electronic component parameter differences bring, make thickness of liquid film zero
When output signal amplitude be zero.
Data acquisition unit acquires the output signal for meeting specified requirement in differential amplification unit；Wherein, frequency acquisition is wanted
10 times not less than exciting signal frequency are asked, system bandwidth is not less than 2 times of exciting signal frequency.
Data processing unit: the output signal of acquisition unit and the peak-to-valley value of output signal is detected for receiving data, root
The overflow thickness of liquid film currently measured can be obtained according to peak-to-valley value.In order to avoid driving source is to the electrolytic effect of overflow liquid film, choosing
It uses AC signal as pumping signal, but the thickness of overflow liquid film is only coupled with the amplitude of output signal, does not change signal frequency
Rate, therefore to obtain the thickness of liquid film, need to detect the peak-to-valley value of output signal.
The injection device includes:
Liquid storage device 50, generally sealing structure, for storing coolant, material can be stainless steel.
High-pressure air source 60, storing pressure-air for pushing the coolant in liquid storage device 50 to export is that coolant injects
Power resources.The high pressure gas flow velocity with higher that high-pressure air source 60 provides, drives the fast response time of coolant, Ke Yibao
Card system has shorter liquid film settling time, meets the requirement for carrying out the experiment of overflow Film cooling in impulse type wind-tunnel.
Pressure regulation unit 70 is mounted on liquid storage device 50, the gas being input in liquid storage device 50 for controlling high-pressure air source 60
Pressure is one of the mode for realizing flow adjusting, can be in series by pressure reducing valve 71 and high-accuracy pressure regulator valve 72.Work as coolant
When flow is larger, experimental period is long, the gas gross mass that driving coolant needs is more, can just meet gas using high-pressure air source 60
Amount demand, 60 pressure of high-pressure air source in present embodiment is up to 10~12MPa, but it is so high to drive coolant not need
Pressure, it is therefore desirable to pass through 70 regulating gas driving pressure of pressure regulation unit.Pressure reducing valve 71 can reduce by 60 pressure of high-pressure air source extremely
Within the scope of the pressure-bearing of pressure regulator valve 72.
Solenoid valve 62 is mounted on the infusion pipeline of liquid storage device 50, for accurately controlling coolant injection experiments model
Time；Since fuel supplying in hypersonic pulsed wind tunnel experimental period is typically only a few tens of milliseconds, to guarantee coolant injection and wind tunnel experiment
Flow field is synchronous, it is desirable that is precisely controlled coolant injection length, therefore need to be using fast-response solenoid valve 62 and according to its response characteristic
Contrived experiment timing.
Shut-off valve 63 is mounted on the downstream of infusion pipeline solenoid 62, for ending the on-off of infusion pipeline, prevents defeated
The operation of the liquid pipeline other end influences liquid storage device 50.Such as, it needs to be evacuated to limiting pressure in wind tunnel test storehouse before experiment, adopt
Coolant injection device can be isolated with shut-off valve 63 with vacuum environment, improve system service life.
Controller 61 for providing the power supply of the work of solenoid valve 62, and receives clock signal to control opening for solenoid valve 62
It opens and closes.
Injection device at work, injects quantitative coolant into liquid storage device 50 first, at this point, shut-off valve 63 and electromagnetism
Then valve 62 injects high pressure gas into liquid storage device 50 using high-pressure air source 60 all in closed state, logical according to requirement of experiment
Pressure when pressure regulation unit 70 adjusts high pressure gas injection is crossed, so that the coolant in liquid storage device 50 is born scheduled pressure, then
Shut-off valve 63 is opened, then solenoid valve 62 is controlled according to requirement of experiment by controller 61 and is opened, the coolant in liquid storage device 50 is made to exist
Experimental model is input to by high-pressure transfusion tube under predetermined pressure；After completing experiment, then pass through the closing solenoid valve 62 of controller 61
With high-pressure air source 60, experiment is completed.Injection device can guarantee the coolant in liquid storage device with overflow rather than mode of jet stream
Out, the adjustable range of coolant flow is wide, easy to adjust, response is fast, liquid film settling time is short and safe and reliable.
The overflow thickness of liquid film measurement experiment system of present embodiment, the overflow hole of coolant injection device and experimental model
It is connected, forms liquid film for coolant to be injected into model surface in wind tunnel experiment；Caliberating device can produce specified thickness
Liquid film, for being demarcated before testing to the response characteristic of conductance probe head；Detection device connects with conductance probe head, when wind tunnel experiment
For being measured to overflow thickness of liquid film.
The structure and the course of work of detection device and injection device has been clearly stated in front, is not repeated herein.With
The process of lower simple declaration injection device and measuring device in experiment:
In wind tunnel experiment, carrying out thickness of liquid film measurement precondition is to form liquid film, needs to utilize injection device at this time
Coolant liquid is injected into model surface by overflow hole, then coolant liquid under the action of Hypersonic Flow Field frictional resistance spread in mould
Type surface is to form liquid film；And flow when coolant liquid injection can be adjusted and be controlled by injection device.
Detection device is connected with the conductance probe head being mounted on experimental model, and conductance probe head is concordant with model surface, liquid film
The electric conductivity value of thickness and conductance probe head is coupled, the peak valley for the differential amplification unit output signal that detection device is obtained using measurement
Value and conductance probe head response characteristic obtained by calibrating before experiment, can be obtained the actual thickness of current liquid film.In present embodiment
Detection device can be realized the measurement of different-thickness liquid film, can produce the pumping signal of specified value by driving source, pass through
Idle loop and differential amplification unit can eliminate the interference signal generated in measurement process, reduce error to obtain accurate liquid
Film thickness values.
The response characteristic of conductance probe head is measured by caliberating device in present embodiment.The caliberating device includes:
Pedestal 10, and the U-shaped measurement bay 20 being mounted on pedestal 10, the sink 40 being mounted on measurement bay 20 and spiral are surveyed
Microbot 30, and the adjusting block 35 being mounted in spiral micrometer bar 30.
For the U-shaped opening of measurement bay 20 towards horizontal direction, two sides are respectively formed upper bracket 21 and undersetting 22, lead to
U-shaped bottom is crossed to connect with pedestal 10.Sink 40 is horizontally arranged on the undersetting 22 of measurement bay 20, accommodates the groove 41 1 of liquid
Face and upper bracket 21 are opposite, and the bottom of sink 40 is provided with the through-hole 42 of installation conductance probe head.Spiral micrometer bar 30 is vertically pacified
On the upper bracket 21 of measurement bay 20, and it is vertically opposite with sink 40, spiral micrometer bar 30 can realize the adjustment of collapsing length,
Adjusting block 35 is mounted on spiral micrometer bar 30 close to one end of sink 40 and parallel with sink 40；Adjusting block 35 is for adjusting sink
The thickness of liquid in 40, by adjustings of spiral micrometer bar 30 realize with the contact depth of sink 40, to realize that liquid is thick
The adjustment of degree.Pedestal 10 and measurement bay 20 can be made of stainless steel, to avoid cooled corrosion.
The calibration of response characteristic is completed before wind tunnel test, and caliberating device when in use, will test the conductance of device
Probe is mounted in the through-hole 42 of 40 bottom of sink, guarantees that the end face of conductance probe head is flushed with the bottom surface of sink 40, adjusts spiral
Micrometer bar 30 is buckled in adjusting block 35 on sink 40, and both guarantees seamless between the contact surface of contact, record spiral at this time
Scale on micrometer bar 30, position when this scale is liquid film zero thickness；Then it is added into the groove 41 of sink 40 appropriate
Coolant liquid, rotate spiral micrometer bar 30 to drive adjusting block 35 to be moved upward, the thickness of liquid film of coolant liquid can be by spiral shell at this time
Liquid film scale when 30 current scale of micrometer bar subtracts zero thickness is revolved to calculate, and stops adjusting spiral shell when thickness of liquid film is met the requirements
Micrometer bar 30 is revolved, is measured by thickness of liquid film of the thickness of liquid film detection device to current coolant liquid and records result.According to need
It wants, re-adjustments and measurement process, response characteristic of the conductance probe head in entire measuring range can be demarcated.
Caliberating device can realize that any thickness of liquid film is adjusted by adjusting block 35, meet different calibration experiment requirements, lead to
Fine adjustments can be realized to adjusting block 35 by crossing spiral micrometer bar 30, improve the thickness of liquid film precision of adjusting, solve conductance spy
The head uncertain problem of response characteristic.
In an embodiment of the invention, the experimentation that a specific example illustrates detection device is provided.
1) injection device of coolant liquid is connected with the overflow hole of experimental model；
2) conductance probe head is installed on experimental model, guarantees that conductance probe head surface is concordant with model surface；
3) conductance probe head is connected with the self-balancing bridge in measurement circuit, while uses identical conducting wire and idle loop
Self-balancing bridge be connected, but the other end of wiring does not connect conductance probe head, keeps open-circuit condition.Measurement circuit and idle loop connect
Thread path will keep identical, so that the two is in identical electromagnetic noise environment；
4) power supply for connecting detection device, determines pumping signal type by waveform selecting unit, is selected by frequency single
Member determines the frequency of pumping signal.Wherein, higher pumping signal need to be selected when measured thickness of liquid film fluctuates very fast at any time
Frequency, Fig. 6 are the pumping signal schematic diagram that driving source generates, and are from top to bottom respectively the excitation that signal generating unit generates in figure
Signal, the pumping signal for being supplied to measurement circuit and the pumping signal for being supplied to idle loop；
5) output end of detection device is connected with data acquisition unit, and the frequency acquisition of data acquisition unit should be excitation letter
Numbers 10 times of frequency or more；
6) adjusting zeroing unit makes the output signal amplitude of detection device when thickness of liquid film zero also be zero；
7) start wind-tunnel, injection device and detection device, in the work of Hypersonic Flow Field frictional resistance after coolant liquid injection
Under, it is liquid film in model surface spread, utilizes the variation of data acquisition unit records detection device signal during the experiment.
8) peak-to-valley value processing is carried out to the signal that data acquisition unit obtains by data processing unit, in conjunction with conductance probe head
Response characteristic, the thickness of current liquid film can be obtained.Wherein, Fig. 7 is the signal schematic representation of differential amplifier circuit output, Fig. 8
For data processing unit treated peak-to-valley value signal schematic representation, Fig. 9 is the response characteristic schematic diagram of conductance probe head, and Figure 10 is to survey
The schematic diagram that the thickness of liquid film obtained changes over time.
As shown in Figure 4,5, the signal flow in the above-mentioned course of work is as follows:
Signal generating unit realizes that there are three pins to export sinusoidal, square wave and triangle respectively simultaneously using ICL8038 chip
Wave signal controls pumping signal type by the variable connector of waveform selecting unit；It is signal by frequency selection unit
Unit provides suitable resistance capacitance value, determines the frequency of signal generating unit pumping signal, measured thickness of liquid film is at any time
The pumping signal of upper frequency is selected when fluctuating very fast.
Signal generating unit generates pumping signal and is delivered to pumping signal expanding element, and expanding element is integrated using A1, A2
Amplifier two voltage followers in parallel of composition, i.e. exportable two frequencies of pumping signal for following signal generating unit to generate,
The identical pumping signal of amplitude, phase is respectively supplied to the self-balancing bridge in measurement circuit and idle loop.
Pumping signal is loaded into conductance probe head both ends, pumping signal and thickness of liquid film phase by the self-balancing bridge in measurement circuit
Coupling, signal amplitude changes, the signal after coupling through the output end of self-balancing bridge be transmitted in differential amplification unit by
The homophase input amplifier that A5 integrated transporting discharging is constituted；Electromagnetic noise signal is loaded into difference by self-balancing bridge by idle loop
In the homophase input amplifier being made of in amplifying unit A4.
The output signal of two homophase input amplifiers passes to the differential ratio being made of in differential amplification unit A6 simultaneously
Example amplifier carries out differential amplification processing to two output signals of A4, A5, deducts noise signal when measurement, and realize to survey
Measure the amplification of signal.
Differential amplification unit output end is connected with acquisition unit, realizes the collecting work of measuring signal, acquisition unit frequency
10 times of exciting signal frequency should be not less than.
As shown in figure 11, in an embodiment of the invention, a kind of aforementioned detection devices are provided and seek overflowing liquid film thickness
The calculation method of degree, includes the following steps:
Step 100, first derivation is carried out to the signal that data acquisition unit acquires by data processing unit；
Step 200, peak value is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 300, first derivative is sought again after carrying out reverse phase operation to original signal；
Step 400, valley is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 500, thickness of liquid film is determined according to signal peak-to-valley value.
Wherein, in step 500, according to signal peak-to-valley value V0, thickness of liquid film is determined using following formula,
Wherein, ViFor excitation signal amplitude, RfFor the feedback resistance value for measuring circuit self-balancing bridge, C rings for conductance probe head
Characteristic is answered, can be determined by calibration before test.
In an embodiment of the invention, the spiral micrometer bar 30 in caliberating device, can directly select existing skill
It can be realized the micrometer caliper of fine adjustment function in art.Following structure can also be used, including one is fixed with upper bracket 21
Band internal thread adjustment barrel 31, and pass through the adjusting rod 32 being threaded onto adjustment barrel 31 and one and adjusting rod 32
The adjusting bolt 33 of contact.Adjust bolt 33 can be connect directly or by gear with adjusting rod 32, by adjusting bolt 33 compared with
Lesser movement on adjusting rod 32 is realized in big rotation, and the mobile accuracy of adjusting rod 32 can be improved.It additionally can be in spiral
The locking device that adjusting rod 32 is locked to position after adjustment is set on micrometer bar 30, and specific locking device can be any one
Kind can will adjust bolt 33 or adjusting rod 32 locks the structure in current location, and such as: setting is corresponding on adjusting bolt 33
Bayonet is flexibly connected a swingle on the outer wall of adjustment barrel 31, so that it is caught in bayonet, Ji Kefang by the rotation of swingle
Bolt 33 is only adjusted to rotate.When needing to adjust again, swingle is made to leave bayonet.
In an embodiment of the invention, the 42 hole location center of through-hole of sink 40 to 41 edge of groove distance at least
It is twice of conductance probe head diameter, the influence to avoid 40 edge of groove to conductance probe head field distribution.Further, sink 40
41 depth of groove be at least twice of 35 thickness of adjusting block, overflowed to avoid coolant liquid in calibration process.
In an embodiment of the invention, 41 shape of groove of the sink 40 can be rectangle or circle, and adjust
The shape and size of block 35 are then corresponding with the shape of groove 41.Sink 40 and adjusting block 35 can be using insulation materials such as organic glasses
Material production avoids influencing the field distribution in liquid film.
It as shown in figure 12, in an embodiment of the invention, can be with to be able to maintain pedestal 10 in horizontality
The base adjusting device 11 of installation and adjustment pedestal level height on pedestal 10, there are four the base adjusting devices 11 and pacifies respectively
At four symmetric positions of 10 bottom of pedestal, the screw rod 112 of opposite threads is had including both ends, and is screwed in screw rod respectively
Realize the sleeve 111 for the effect that supports and fixes in 112 both ends.Two one end being located remotely from each other of two sleeves 111 respectively with support
Face and the contact or fixed of the bottom of pedestal 10 can be by sides clockwise or counterclockwise when the inclination of some side of pedestal 10
To screw rod 112 is turned, screw rod 112 puts in or stretches out in sleeve 111, so that the side be made to be raised and lowered, reaches entire
The horizontal adjustment of pedestal.
Further, in an embodiment of the invention, can also on measurement bay 20 40 water of installation and adjustment sink
The sink regulating device of level state, sink regulating device equally can be set four and be separately mounted to four of 40 bottom of sink
At symmetric position, the specific structure of sink regulating device can be consistent with 11 structure of base adjusting device above-mentioned, passes through tune
The distance of whole 40 relative measurement frame 20 of sink realizes the horizontal adjustment of sink 40.Sink regulating device can be adjusted with pedestal and be filled
It sets 11 while installing, can also only be fitted into one.
In an embodiment of the invention, the adjustment barrel 31 of spiral micrometer bar 30 can be with the fixed company of measurement bay 20
It connects, adjustment barrel 31 is fixed into the plumbness of standard, so that later period adjusting block 35 is also able to maintain and 40 level of sink
State.
As shown in figure 13, in addition, spiral micrometer bar 30 can also be flexibly connected as a whole with measurement bay 20, at this time
Can on measurement bay 20 30 vertical angle of installation and adjustment spiral micrometer bar vertical adjustment mechanism 34, the vertical adjustment mechanism 34
It may include a fixed ring 341, and be mounted on the clamping unit of clamping spiral micrometer bar 30 in fixed ring 341, it is specific to press from both sides
Holding unit may include the arc panel 342 contacted with adjustment barrel 31, the hydraulic clip being connect by universal shaft 344 with arc panel 342
Hold bar 343.
Fixed ring 341 can be the cavity ring directly formed by measurement bay 20, be also possible to be mounted on measurement bay 20
One ring, adjustment barrel 31 are vacantly clamped in fixed ring 341 by two arc panels 342, two hydraulic clamping bars 343
One end is connect with arc panel 342 by universal shaft 344 respectively, and the other end is flexibly connected with fixed ring 341.Adjustment barrel 31 is by two
After arc panel 342 grips relatively, theoretically under the active force and clip position unanimous circumstances of two clamping units, adjust
Cylinder 31 is in the state perpendicular to sink 40, at this point, not needing to adjust.Once adjustment barrel 31 is inclined in vertical direction
Tiltedly, then the hydraulic clamping bar 343 that can control corresponding edge carries out the adjustment of lower angle, and hydraulic clamping bar 343 can be with fixation
It is fulcrum that ring 341, which connects one end, and the tie point of opposite universal shaft 344 changes force application location, and the position of arc panel 342 is not at this time
Become, but the thrust that hydraulic clamping bar 343 is applied on arc panel 342 can change, the thrust is equally in a upper lower angle
Variation in range, since the presence of universal shaft 344 can guarantee so that arc panel 342 will not be moved when adjustment barrel 31 tilts
While screw thread micrometer 30 stability of bar itself, change the tilt angle of adjustment barrel 31, until it is exactly perpendicularly to sink 40.
In an embodiment of the invention, specific liquid storage device 50 may include the cylinder of a both ends open tubulose
51 and 51 both ends open of closed cylinder cover board, be mounted on the intracorporal sliding block 54 of cylinder, and adjust high pressure gas and enter liquid storage device
Flow regulating unit 55 when 50.
Cover board can specifically include the upper cover plate 52 and lower cover plate 53 for closing off 51 both ends open of cylinder, make entire cylinder
51 become a seal.The air inlet 521 of the high pressure gas entrance for high-pressure air source 60, lower cover plate are provided on upper cover plate 52
The fluid hole 531 for flowing out 50 internal coolant of liquid storage device is provided on 53.Upper cover plate 52 and lower cover plate 531 can pass through bolt
56 is fixed with cylinder 51.In addition, in other embodiments, upper cover plate 52 or lower cover plate 53 can also be directly as cylinders
51 a part, and only with a removable cover.
Sliding block 54 is mounted in cylinder 51, is slidingly sealed cylinder 51 is divided into two spaces in the axial direction.The material of sliding block 54
Material can be nylon, and design has seal groove 541 in the circumferential direction of sliding block 54 and 51 medial surface of cylinder, install in seal groove 541
There is the sealing ring 542 that sealing is formed with 51 inner wall of cylinder.In addition, the edge of sliding block 54 its upper and lower surface and side in processing
Angle need to keep right angle, to avoid there is clamping stagnation in 54 moving process of sliding block.
As shown in figure 14, flow regulating unit 55 is mounted in air inlet 521, including adjustment seat 551 and the matched conical surface
Adjusting block 552, adjustment seat 551 can be the individual components in the air inlet 121 that one is mounted on upper cover plate 12, air inlet at this time
Hole 521 can be the through-hole for running through upper cover plate 52, and adjustment seat 551 is sealingly mounted in the through-hole.Implement in others
In mode, adjustment seat 551 can also be formed directly by air inlet 521, i.e., air inlet 521 is directly formed and conical surface adjusting block 552
The shape of cooperation.Specific adjustment seat 551 includes the bellmouth 5511 positioned at 52 lower part indent of upper cover plate, and is located at upper cover plate 52
The cylindrical fixation hole 5512 that top is connected to bellmouth 5511.
Conical surface adjusting block 552 includes the connecting column 5522 on top and the circular cone 5521 of lower part, and connecting column 1522 passes through spiral shell
Line is mounted in fixation hole 5512, and the frustoconical bevel angle of circular cone 5522 is identical as the frustoconical bevel angle of bellmouth 5511, connecting column
It is provided with the axial passage 5523 extended to circular cone on 5522, is provided on circular cone 5521 and to be connected to axial passage 5523
Interconnection 5524.
In present embodiment, liquid storage device 50 is empty by the receiving that the upper space that sliding block 54 is divided into can be used as high pressure gas
Between, and lower space can be used as the storage space of coolant, high pressure gas and coolant is isolated in sliding block 54, in high pressure gas
Pressure under squeeze the other side coolant, vibration caused by impinging cooling agent when can not only enter cylinder 51 to avoid high pressure gas
It swings, high pressure gas can also be avoided, which to tie up coolant circuit, influences flow.
Flow regulating unit 55 passes through the cooperation of conical surface adjusting block 552 and adjustment seat 551, to adjust high pressure gas access
Sectional area, to realize the control to high-pressure gas flow, high pressure gas enters conical surface adjusting block 552 by axial passage 5523,
The gap by interconnection 5524 between conical surface adjusting block 552 and conical seat 551 enters in cylinder 51 again.Conical surface adjusting block
552 material can be brass, external screw thread can be set on connecting column 5522, and can be set and match in fixation hole 5512
Internal screw thread, when rotating clockwise, conical surface adjusting block 552 is moved up, and distance moves closer between adjustment seat 551, is reduced
The passage sections of high pressure gas, accordingly reduce the flow of high pressure gas；When conical surface adjusting block 552 is threaded to top, the conical surface
Adjusting block 552 is contacted with adjustment seat 551 completely, can end current path.When rotary cone adjusting block 552 counterclockwise, effect
It is opposite with the effect rotated clockwise.
In present embodiment, the frustoconical bevel angle of adjustment seat 551 and conical surface adjusting block 552 can be between 10~20 °, such as originally
The frustoconical bevel angle that embodiment uses is 15 °.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that present invention has been shown and described in detail herein multiple shows
Example property embodiment still without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can according to the present disclosure directly
Determine or deduce out many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (9)
1. hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system characterized by comprising
Detection device measures overflow thickness of liquid film, comprising:
Driving source, the signal generating unit including pumping signal needed for generating conductance probe head, and the frequency of control exciting signal frequency
Rate selecting unit, and the waveform selecting unit of control pumping signal type；
Pumping signal expanding element, receives the pumping signal of the driving source, and it is identical to generate frequency, phase, amplitude
Pumping signal is exported；
Circuit is measured, the pumping signal of the pumping signal expanding element output is received, then measurement result is exported, including conductance
Probe and the self-balancing bridge being connected with conductance probe head；
Idle loop receives the pumping signal of the pumping signal expanding element output, output signal using self-balancing bridge
For the electromagnetic interference signal in measurement process；
Differential amplification unit, including in-phase proportion amplifier and difference proportional amplifier receive the measurement circuit and unloaded go back to
The signal on road simultaneously deducts electromagnetic interference signal after amplification and difference processing；
Zeroing unit, for controlling the amplification factor of differential amplification unit, to eliminate electronic component parameter differences bring shadow
It rings, and makes output signal amplitude zero when adjusting thickness of liquid film and being zero；
Data acquisition unit acquires the output signal for meeting specified requirement in the differential amplification unit；
Data processing unit: for receiving the output signal of the data acquisition unit and detecting the peak-to-valley value of output signal, root
Thickness of liquid film is obtained according to peak-to-valley value；
Caliberating device is demarcated for the response characteristic to conductance probe head, comprising:
Pedestal；
Measurement bay is mounted on the pedestal, is U-shaped and is open towards horizontal direction；
Sink is horizontally arranged on the undersetting of the measurement bay, and with the groove for accommodating liquid, bottom is provided with installation institute
State the through-hole of conductance probe head；
Spiral micrometer bar is mounted on the upper bracket of the measurement bay and vertical with the sink；
Adjusting block is mounted on the spiral micrometer bar close to one end of the sink and parallel with the sink；
Injection device is connected with the overflow hole of experimental model, forms liquid film for coolant to be injected into model surface, comprising:
Liquid storage device, for storing coolant；
High-pressure air source, for pushing the coolant in the liquid storage device to export；
Pressure regulation unit is mounted in the high-pressure air source, the height being input in the liquid storage device for controlling the high-pressure air source
Press gas pressure；
Solenoid valve is mounted on the infusion pipeline of the liquid storage device, for accurately controlling coolant injection length；
Shut-off valve is mounted on the downstream of the solenoid valve on infusion pipeline, for ending the on-off of infusion pipeline；
Controller, for controlling the open and close of the solenoid valve；
Flow regulating unit, for controlling the flow of coolant.
2. hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The pumping signal expanding element is by two and the voltage follower that connects is constituted, the performance parameter one of two voltage followers
It causes, to be respectively that the idle loop and the measurement circuit provide identical pumping signal.
3. hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
When the data acquisition unit acquires the output signal of the differential amplification unit, frequency acquisition is at least not less than excitation letter
10 times of number frequency, system bandwidth are not less than 2 times of exciting signal frequency.
4. hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The distance of through-hole hole location center to the recess edge of the sink is at least twice of conductance probe head diameter, the water
The depth of groove of slot is at least twice of the adjusting block thickness.
5. hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The spiral micrometer bar includes the adjustment barrel fixed with the measurement bay, and the adjusting rod being mounted in adjustment barrel is adjusted and adjusted
The adjusting bolt of pole lifting, and by the locking device of adjusting rod locking position after adjustment.
6. hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The base adjusting device for adjusting the pedestal level is installed on the pedestal, the base adjusting device there are four and
It is separately mounted at four symmetric positions of the base bottom, the screw rod of opposite threads is had including both ends, and be screwed in respectively
Realize the sleeve for the effect that supports and fixes in screw rod both ends；
The vertical adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spiral micrometer bar vertical angle, including fixed ring are installed on the measurement bay, pacified
The clamping unit of spiral micrometer bar is clamped in fixed ring, the clamping unit includes the arc contacted with spiral micrometer bar
Plate, the hydraulic clamping bar being connect by universal shaft with arc panel.
7. hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The liquid storage device includes:
Cylinder is the tubular structure of both ends open,
Cover board, upper cover plate and lower cover plate including closing off the both ends open of the cylinder are provided with air inlet on upper cover plate,
Fluid hole is provided on lower cover plate, the flow regulating unit is mounted at the air inlet；
Sliding block is mounted in the cylinder, is divided into two spaces in drum shaft upward sliding sealing.
8. hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described
Flow regulating unit, comprising:
Adjustment seat is mounted at the air inlet, the bellmouth including being located at the upper cover plate lower part, and is located at the upper cover plate
The cylindrical fixation hole that top is connected to bellmouth；
Conical surface adjusting block, the circular cone of connecting column and lower part including top, connecting column are bored by being threadably mounted in fixation hole
The frustoconical bevel angle of shape block and the frustoconical bevel angle of bellmouth are identical, and the axial passage extended to circular cone, cone are provided on connecting column
The interconnection being connected to axial passage is provided on shape block；
The frustoconical bevel angle of the bellmouth and the circular cone is 10~20 °.
9. the data processing method of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thickness measurement experiment system described in a kind of claim 1,
It is characterized in that, includes the following steps:
Step 100, first derivation is carried out to the signal that data acquisition unit acquires by data processing unit；
Step 200, peak value is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 300, first derivative is sought again after carrying out reverse phase operation to original signal；
Step 400, valley is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 500, thickness of liquid film is determined according to signal peak-to-valley value, determines that the formula of thickness of liquid film is as follows according to peak-to-valley value:
Wherein, ViFor excitation signal amplitude, RfFor the feedback resistance value for measuring circuit self-balancing bridge, C is to pass through calibration before testing
Determining measuring probe response characteristic, V0For signal peak-to-valley value.
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