CN107314738A - The thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film and data processing method - Google Patents
The thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film and data processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107314738A CN107314738A CN201710442137.6A CN201710442137A CN107314738A CN 107314738 A CN107314738 A CN 107314738A CN 201710442137 A CN201710442137 A CN 201710442137A CN 107314738 A CN107314738 A CN 107314738A
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/042—Calibration or calibration artifacts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
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- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film and data processing method, the experimental system includes the detection means measured to overflow thickness of liquid film, with the caliberating device for being demarcated to conductance probe head response characteristic used in detection means, and be connected with the spout hole of experimental model, the injection device for cooling agent to be injected into model surface formation liquid film.The caliberating device of the present invention can realize any thickness of liquid film regulation by regulating block, and detection means can realize the measurement of different-thickness liquid film, and injection device can ensure that the cooling agent in reservoir is flowed out with overflow rather than mode of jet.The data processing method of the present invention can accurately calculate the thickness of current liquid film according to the peak-to-valley value of pumping signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hypersonic aircraft thermal protection field, more particularly to it is a kind of it is hypersonic under the conditions of formed and overflow
Flow liquid film and the experimental system and its data processing method measured to its thickness.
Background technology
Leading edge, the hair of harsh thermal environment, aircraft wing and empennage are faced with hypersonic aircraft flight course
The thermal protection effect of motivation air intake duct leading edge, local protuberance thing and the less leading edge position of observation window iso-curvature radius turns into limit
The bottleneck of aircraft development processed, need to combine the thermal protective performance that Active Cooling improves thermal protection system.
Current emerging overflow Film cooling is a kind of new active cooling scheme, coolant stream in the way of overflow
Go out, then spread is into liquid film in the presence of body surface frictional resistance, the high-temperature gas formed outside Heat buffered layer isolation, liquid film
Evaporation process can also further reduce object plane hot-fluid, so as to effectively protect aircraft.In overflow liquid film Experimental Study of Cooling, liquid
Film thickness is most basic characteristic parameter, is the key parameter studied coolant mechanism and assess cooling performance.
The content of the invention
It is used to form overflow liquid film under the conditions of hypersonic it is an object of the invention to provide one kind and its thickness is carried out
The experimental system and its data processing method of measurement.
Especially, the present invention provides a kind of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film thick measurement experiment system, including：
Detection means, is measured to overflow thickness of liquid film, including：
The signal generating unit of pumping signal needed for driving source, including generation conductance probe head, and control exciting signal frequency
Frequency selection unit, and control pumping signal type waveform selecting unit；
Pumping signal expanding element, receives the pumping signal of the driving source, and produces the complete phase of frequency, phase, amplitude
Same pumping signal is exported；
Measuring loop, receives the pumping signal of the pumping signal expanding element output, then measurement result is exported, including
Conductance probe head and the self-balancing bridge being connected with conductance probe head；
Idle loop, the pumping signal of the pumping signal expanding element output is received using self-balancing bridge, it is exported
Signal is the electromagnetic interference signal in measurement process；
Differential amplification unit, including in-phase proportion amplifier and difference proportional amplifier, receive the measuring loop and sky
Carry the signal in loop and deduct electromagnetic interference signal after amplification and difference processing；
Zeroing unit, the multiplication factor for controlling differential amplification unit is brought with eliminating electronic component parameter differences
Influence；
Data acquisition unit, gathers the output signal for meeting in the differential amplification unit and specifying requirement；
Data processing unit：For receiving the output signal of the data acquisition unit and detecting the peak valley of output signal
Value, thickness of liquid film is worth to according to peak valley；
Caliberating device, is demarcated for the response characteristic to conductance probe head, including：
Pedestal；
Measurement bay, on the pedestal, is U-shaped and is open towards horizontal direction；
On tank, the undersetting for being horizontally arranged at the measurement bay, with the groove for accommodating liquid, peace is provided with bottom
Fill the through hole of the conductance probe head；
Spiral micrometer bar, it is on the upper bracket of the measurement bay and vertical with the tank；
Regulating block, installed in the spiral micrometer bar close to one end of the tank and parallel with the tank；
Injection device, is connected with the spout hole of experimental model, for cooling agent to be injected into model surface formation liquid film, bag
Include：
Reservoir, for storing cooling agent；
High-pressure air source, for promoting the cooling agent in the reservoir to export；
Pressure regulation unit, in the high-pressure air source, for controlling the high-pressure air source to input to the reservoir
High-pressure gas pressure；
Magnetic valve, on the infusion pipeline of the reservoir, for accurately controlling cooling agent injection length；
Stop valve, the downstream of the magnetic valve on infusion pipeline, the break-make for ending infusion pipeline；
Controller, the open and close for controlling the magnetic valve.
Flow regulating unit, the flow for controlling cooling agent.
In an embodiment of the invention, the pumping signal expanding element is by two and the voltage follower structure that connects
Performance parameter into, two voltage followers is consistent, to be respectively that the idle loop and the measuring loop provide identical
Pumping signal.
In an embodiment of the invention, zeroing unit, the tune are also associated with the differential amplification unit
Zero location makes output signal amplitude be zero when thickness of liquid film is zero.
In an embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition unit gathers the output letter of the differential amplification unit
Number when, frequency acquisition is at least not less than 10 times of exciting signal frequency, and system bandwidth is not less than 2 times of exciting signal frequency.
In an embodiment of the invention, the through hole hole position center of the tank to the recess edge distance extremely
It is twice of conductance probe head diameter less, the depth of groove of the tank is at least twice of the regulating block thickness.
In an embodiment of the invention, the spiral micrometer bar includes the adjustment barrel fixed with the measurement bay,
Adjusting rod in adjustment barrel, the regulating bolt of regulation adjusting rod lifting, and by adjusting rod locking after adjustment
The locking device of position.
In an embodiment of the invention, the pedestal regulation for adjusting the base level is installed on the pedestal
Device, the base adjusting device has four and is separately mounted at four symmetric positions of the base bottom, including two ends
Screw rod with opposite threads, and the sleeve that support and fixation are realized in screw rod two ends is screwed in respectively；
The vertical adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spiral micrometer bar vertical angle, including fixation are installed on the measurement bay
Ring, clamps the grip unit of spiral micrometer bar in retainer ring, and the grip unit includes what is contacted with spiral micrometer bar
Arc, the hydraulic clamping bar being connected by universal drive shaft with arc.
In an embodiment of the invention, described reservoir includes：
Cylinder, is the tubular structure of both ends open,
Cover plate, including close off be provided with the upper cover plate and lower cover of the both ends open of the cylinder, upper cover plate into
Fluid hole is provided with gas port, lower cover, the flow regulating unit is arranged at the air inlet；
Sliding block, in the cylinder, two spaces are divided into drum shaft upward sliding sealing.
In an embodiment of the invention, the flow regulating unit, including：
Adjustment seat, at the air inlet, including the bellmouth positioned at the upper cover plate bottom, and on described
The cylindrical fixing hole that cover plate top is connected with bellmouth；The frustoconical bevel angle of the bellmouth and the circular cone is 10~20 °；
Conical surface regulating block, includes the connecting pole and the circular cone of bottom on top, connecting pole is by being threadably mounted at fixing hole
Interior, the frustoconical bevel angle of circular cone is identical with the frustoconical bevel angle of bellmouth, sets oriented circular cone axially extending logical on connecting pole
The interconnection connected with axial passage is provided with road, circular cone.
There is provided the thick measurement experiment of the foregoing hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film of one kind in an embodiment of the invention
The data processing method of system, comprises the following steps：
Step 100, the signal gathered by data processing unit to data acquisition unit carries out first derivation；
Step 200, peak value is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 300, first derivative is sought again after carrying out anti-phase computing to primary signal；
Step 400, valley is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 500, thickness of liquid film is determined according to signal peak-to-valley value, determines that the formula of thickness of liquid film is as follows according to peak-to-valley value：
Wherein, ViFor excitation signal amplitude, RfFor the feedback resistance value of measuring loop self-balancing bridge, C is to pass through before testing
Demarcate the measuring probe response characteristic determined.
The caliberating device of the present invention can realize any thickness of liquid film regulation by regulating block, and meeting different calibration experiments will
Ask, fine adjustments can be realized to regulating block by spiral micrometer bar, improve the degree of regulation of thickness of liquid film, solve conductance spy
The head uncertain problem of output characteristics.
The detection means of the present invention can realize the measurement of different-thickness liquid film, and specified value can be produced by driving source
Pumping signal, the interference signal produced in measurement process can be eliminated by idle loop and differential amplification unit, reduce error
To obtain accurate thickness of liquid film value.
The injection device of the present invention can ensure that the cooling agent in reservoir is flowed out with overflow rather than mode of jet, cooling
The adjustable range of agent flux is wide, easy to adjust, response is fast, liquid film setup time is short and safe and reliable.
The data processing method of the present invention can accurately calculate the thickness of current liquid film according to the peak-to-valley value of pumping signal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the detection means connection diagram of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the caliberating device structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the injection device structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of pumping signal expanding element in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of differential amplification unit in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is that the pumping signal and signal expansion module of the driving source output of one embodiment of the present invention are supplied to measurement
Loop and the pumping signal schematic diagram of idle loop；
Fig. 7 is the output signal schematic diagram of the differential amplifier circuit of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the obtained signal peak-to-valley value schematic diagram of data processing unit of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the response characteristic schematic diagram of the measuring probe of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that changes over time of thickness of liquid film of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the data processing method flow chart of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the base adjusting device structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the vertical adjustment mechanism structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the flow regulating unit structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention sets measurement of correlation part using the principle of conductive coupling mensuration, and its general principle is：Coolant
With certain electrical conductivity, when thickness of liquid film is different, its conductive capability is different, and liquid film electric conductivity value is mutually coupled with thickness of liquid film,
Therefore, it can determine that thickness of liquid film by measuring liquid film electric conductivity value.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, the thick measurement experiment system of the hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film of one embodiment of the present invention
System includes being used to coolant being injected into model surface to form the cooling liquid injecting device of liquid film in general manner, to overflow liquid film
The detection means that thickness is measured, and the caliberating device demarcated to the response characteristic of measuring probe.
The detection means is generally comprised：
Driving source, due to conductive coupling mensuration for active measurement, it is necessary to provide driving source ability normally for conductance probe head
Work, the driving source of present embodiment is made up of frequency selection unit, waveform selecting unit and signal generating unit.Wherein frequency
Selecting unit provides suitable resistance, capacitance for the oscillation network of signal generating unit, and controls to produce the frequency of pumping signal
Rate, frequency range is 100Hz~100kHz.Waveform selecting unit control signal generating unit produces the type of pumping signal：Can
For sine wave, triangular wave or square wave.Signal generating unit produces the pumping signal needed for conductance probe head, signal type and frequency by
Frequency selection unit and waveform selecting unit control.To avoid driving source to the electrolytic effect of coolant, driving source is necessary for handing over
Flow signal.
Pumping signal expanding element, it receives the pumping signal of driving source, and it is identical to produce frequency, phase, amplitude
Pumping signal exported so that following measuring loops and idle loop receives completely the same signal.This embodiment party
In formula, pumping signal expanding element can be made up of two and the voltage follower connect, the performance parameter of two voltage followers
It is completely the same, identical pumping signal can be respectively supplied to idle loop and measuring loop.
Measuring loop, receives the pumping signal of pumping signal expanding element output, then measurement result is exported, including with electricity
Lead the self-balancing bridge that probe is connected.Wherein, pumping signal is loaded into conductance probe head input, probe output by self-balancing bridge
End connects and composes feedback network with self-balancing bridge, and excitation signal strength is exported to following difference after being coupled with thickness of liquid film
Amplifying unit.
Exported after idle loop, the pumping signal that the output of pumping signal expanding element is received using self-balancing bridge.It is unloaded
The circuit of loop and measuring loop is constituted unanimously, but is not connected with conductance probe head, because electromagnetic environment is more in wind tunnel experiment
Complexity, so electromagnetic interference signal can be received by idle loop, and by differential amplification unit by the interference in measuring loop
Signal is deducted.
Differential amplification unit, including possess in-phase proportion amplifier and difference compared with high input impedance and common-mode interference rejection ratio
Divide proportional amplifier, differential amplification unit receives the signal of measuring loop and idle loop and passes through amplification and difference processing deduction
Exported after electromagnetic interference signal.It is possible to further connect a zeroing unit in differential amplification unit, zeroing unit is used for
The multiplication factor of differential amplification unit is controlled, the influence that electronic component parameter differences are brought can be eliminated, it is zero to make thickness of liquid film
When output signal amplitude be zero.
Meet the output signal for specifying requirement in data acquisition unit, collection differential amplification unit；Wherein, frequency acquisition will
Be not less than exciting signal frequency 10 times are sought, system bandwidth is not less than 2 times of exciting signal frequency.
Data processing unit：For receiving the output signal of data acquisition unit and detecting the peak-to-valley value of output signal, root
It is the overflow thickness of liquid film currently measured according to peak-to-valley value.In order to avoid electrolytic effect of the driving source to overflow liquid film, choosing
It is coupled with AC signal as pumping signal, but the thickness and the amplitude of output signal of overflow liquid film, does not change signal frequency
Rate, therefore to obtain the thickness of liquid film, it is necessary to detect the peak-to-valley value of output signal.
The injection device includes：
Reservoir 50, generally sealing structure, for storing cooling agent, material can be stainless steel.
High-pressure air source 60, stores pressure-air, for promoting the cooling agent in reservoir 50 to export, and is cooling agent injection
Power resources.The gases at high pressure that high-pressure air source 60 is provided have higher flow velocity, drive the fast response time of cooling agent, Ke Yibao
Card system has shorter liquid film setup time, meets the requirement for carrying out the experiment of overflow Film cooling in impulse type wind-tunnel.
Pressure regulation unit 70, on reservoir 50, for controlling high-pressure air source 60 to input to the gas in reservoir 50
Pressure, is to realize one of mode of Flow-rate adjustment, can be in series by pressure-reducing valve 71 and high-accuracy pressure regulator valve 72.Work as cooling agent
When flow is larger, experimental period is long, the gas gross mass that driving cooling agent needs is more, and gas can be just met using high-pressure air source 60
The pressure of high-pressure air source 60 in amount demand, present embodiment drives cooling agent and not needed so high up to 10~12MPa
Pressure, it is therefore desirable to which gas driving pressure is adjusted by pressure regulation unit 70.Pressure-reducing valve 71 can reduce the pressure of high-pressure air source 60 extremely
In the range of the pressure-bearing of pressure regulator valve 72.
Magnetic valve 62, on the infusion pipeline of reservoir 50, for accurately controlling cooling agent injection experimentses model
Time；Because fuel supplying in hypersonic pulsed wind tunnel experimental period is typically only a few tens of milliseconds, to ensure cooling agent injection and wind tunnel experiment
Flow field is synchronous, it is desirable to be precisely controlled cooling agent injection length, therefore need to be using fast-response magnetic valve 62 and according to its response characteristic
Contrived experiment sequential.
Stop valve 63, installed in the downstream of infusion pipeline solenoid 62, the break-make for ending infusion pipeline prevents defeated
The operation influence reservoir 50 of the liquid pipeline other end.Such as, need to be evacuated to limiting pressure in wind tunnel test storehouse before experiment, adopt
Cooling agent injection device can be isolated with vacuum environment with stop valve 63, improve system service life.
Controller 61, for providing the power supply of the work of magnetic valve 62, and receives clock signal to control opening for magnetic valve 62
Open and close.
Injection device operationally, injects quantitative cooling agent into reservoir 50 first, now, stop valve 63 and electromagnetism
Then valve 62 injects gases at high pressure using high-pressure air source 60 all in closed mode into reservoir 50, logical according to requirement of experiment
The pressure during regulation gases at high pressure injection of pressure regulation unit 70 is crossed, the cooling agent in reservoir 50 is born predetermined pressure, then
Stop valve 63 is opened, then is opened by controller 61 according to requirement of experiment control magnetic valve 62, the cooling agent in reservoir 50 is existed
Inputted under predetermined pressure by high-pressure transfusion tube to experimental model；Complete after experiment, then magnetic valve 62 is closed by controller 61
With high-pressure air source 60, experiment is completed.Injection device can ensure the cooling agent in reservoir with overflow rather than mode of jet stream
Go out, the adjustable range of coolant flow is wide, easy to adjust, response is fast, liquid film setup time is short and safe and reliable.
The spout hole of the overflow thickness of liquid film measurement experiment system of present embodiment, cooling agent injection device and experimental model
It is connected, is used to cooling agent being injected into model surface formation liquid film in wind tunnel experiment；Caliberating device can produce appointed thickness
Liquid film, is demarcated for testing the preceding response characteristic to conductance probe head；Detection means connects with conductance probe head, during wind tunnel experiment
For being measured to overflow thickness of liquid film.
Detection means and the structure and the course of work of injection device has above been clearly stated, has been not repeated herein.With
The flow of lower simple declaration injection device and measurement apparatus in experiment：
In wind tunnel experiment, it is to form liquid film to carry out thickness of liquid film measurement precondition, now needs to utilize injection device
Coolant is injected into by model surface by spout hole, then coolant in the presence of Hypersonic Flow Field frictional resistance spread in mould
Type surface is so as to form liquid film；And flow during coolant injection can be adjusted and be controlled by injection device.
Detection means is connected with the conductance probe head on experimental model, and conductance probe head is concordant with model surface, liquid film
The electric conductivity value of thickness and conductance probe head is coupled, the peak valley for the differential amplification unit output signal that detection means is obtained using measurement
Value and conductance probe head response characteristic obtained by calibrating before experiment, you can obtain the actual thickness of current liquid film.In present embodiment
Detection means can realize the measurement of different-thickness liquid film, the pumping signal of specified value can be produced by driving source, is passed through
Idle loop and differential amplification unit can eliminate the interference signal produced in measurement process, reduce error to obtain accurate liquid
Film thickness values.
The response characteristic of conductance probe head is measured by caliberating device in present embodiment.The caliberating device includes：
Pedestal 10, and the U-shaped measurement bay 20 on pedestal 10, tank 40 and spiral on measurement bay 20 are surveyed
Microbot 30, and the regulating block 35 in spiral micrometer bar 30.
The U-shaped opening of measurement bay 20 forms upper bracket 21 and undersetting 22 respectively towards horizontal direction, its two side, and it leads to
U-shaped bottom is crossed to be connected with pedestal 10.Tank 40 is horizontally arranged on the undersetting 22 of measurement bay 20, accommodates the groove 41 1 of liquid
Face is relative with upper bracket 21, and the through hole 42 for installing conductance probe head is provided with the bottom of tank 40.Spiral micrometer bar 30 is vertically pacified
On the upper bracket 21 of measurement bay 20, and it is vertically opposite with tank 40, spiral micrometer bar 30 can realize the adjustment of collapsing length,
Regulating block 35 is arranged on spiral micrometer bar 30 close to one end of tank 40 and parallel with tank 40；Regulating block 35 is used to adjust tank
The thickness of liquid in 40, it realizes the depth of the contact with tank 40 by the regulation of spiral micrometer bar 30, so as to realize that liquid is thick
The adjustment of degree.Pedestal 10 and measurement bay 20 can be made using stainless steel, to avoid cooled corrosion.
The demarcation of response characteristic is completed before wind tunnel test, caliberating device when in use, by the conductance of detection means
Probe is in the through hole 42 of the bottom of tank 40, it is ensured that the end face of conductance probe head is flushed with the bottom surface of tank 40, adjusts spiral
Micrometer bar 30 makes regulating block 35 be buckled on tank 40, and ensures seamless, record now spiral between the contact surface of both contacts
Scale on micrometer bar 30, position when this scale is liquid film zero thickness；Then added into the groove 41 of tank 40 appropriate
Coolant, rotating screw micrometer bar 30 is to drive regulating block 35 to be moved upward, and now the thickness of liquid film of coolant can be by spiral shell
Revolve the liquid film scale when current scale of micrometer bar 30 subtracts zero thickness to calculate, stop regulation spiral shell when thickness of liquid film, which is met, to be required
Micrometer bar 30 is revolved, the thickness of liquid film of current coolant is measured by thickness of liquid film detection means and result is recorded.According to need
Will, re-adjustments and measurement process, you can response characteristic of the demarcation conductance probe head in entirely measurement range.
Caliberating device can realize any thickness of liquid film regulation by regulating block 35, meet different calibration experiment requirements, lead to
Fine adjustments can be realized to regulating block 35 by crossing spiral micrometer bar 30, improve the thickness of liquid film precision of regulation, solve conductance spy
The head uncertain problem of response characteristic.
There is provided the experimentation that a specific example illustrates detection means in an embodiment of the invention.
1) injection device of coolant is connected with the spout hole of experimental model；
2) conductance probe head is installed on experimental model, it is ensured that conductance probe head surface is concordant with model surface；
3) conductance probe head is connected with the self-balancing bridge of measuring loop, while using identical wire and idle loop
Self-balancing bridge be connected, but the other end of wiring does not connect conductance probe head, keeps open-circuit condition.Measuring loop and idle loop connect
Thread path will keep identical, so that both are in identical electromagnetic noise environment；
4) power supply of detection means is connected, pumping signal type is determined by waveform selecting unit, selects single by frequency
Member determines the frequency of pumping signal.Wherein, measured thickness of liquid film need to select higher pumping signal with time fluctuation when very fast
Frequency, Fig. 6 is the respectively excitation of signal generating unit generation from top to bottom in the pumping signal schematic diagram that driving source is produced, figure
Signal, the pumping signal for being supplied to measuring loop and the pumping signal for being supplied to idle loop；
5) output end of detection means is connected with data acquisition unit, and the frequency acquisition of data acquisition unit should be excitation letter
More than 10 times of number frequency；
6) the output signal amplitude of detection means is also zero when regulation zeroing unit makes thickness of liquid film be zero；
7) wind-tunnel, injection device and detection means are started, in the work of Hypersonic Flow Field frictional resistance after coolant injection
Under, it is liquid film in model surface spread, utilizes the change of data acquisition unit records detection means signal in experimentation.
8) signal obtained by data processing unit to data acquisition unit carries out peak-to-valley value processing, in conjunction with conductance probe head
Response characteristic, you can obtain the thickness of current liquid film.Wherein, Fig. 7 is the signal schematic representation that differential amplifier circuit is exported, Fig. 8
For the peak-to-valley value signal schematic representation after data processing unit processing, Fig. 9 is the response characteristic schematic diagram of conductance probe head, and Figure 10 is to survey
The schematic diagram that the thickness of liquid film obtained is changed over time.
As shown in Figure 4,5, the signal flow in the above-mentioned course of work is as follows：
Signal generating unit realizes there are three pins while exporting sinusoidal, square wave and triangle respectively using ICL8038 chips
Ripple signal, pumping signal type is controlled by the variable connector of waveform selecting unit；It is signal by frequency selection unit
Unit provides suitable resistance capacitance value, determines the frequency of signal generating unit pumping signal, measured thickness of liquid film is with the time
From the pumping signal of upper frequency when fluctuating very fast.
Signal generating unit produces pumping signal and is delivered to pumping signal expanding element, and expanding element is integrated using A1, A2
Amplifier constitute two voltage followers in parallel, follow signal generating unit produce i.e. exportable two frequencies of pumping signal,
The identical pumping signal of amplitude, phase, is respectively supplied to the self-balancing bridge of measuring loop and idle loop.
Pumping signal is loaded into conductance probe head two ends, pumping signal and thickness of liquid film phase by the self-balancing bridge of measuring loop
Coupling, signal amplitude changes, output end of the signal after coupling through self-balancing bridge transmit into differential amplification unit by
The homophase input amplifier that A5 integrated transporting dischargings are constituted；Electromagnetic noise signal is loaded into difference by idle loop by self-balancing bridge
In the homophase input amplifier being made up of in amplifying unit A4.
The output signal of two homophase input amplifiers passes to the differential ratio being made up of in differential amplification unit A6 simultaneously
Two output signals of A4, A5 are carried out differential amplification processing by example amplifier, deduct noise signal during measurement, and realize to surveying
Measure the amplification of signal.
Differential amplification unit output end is connected with collecting unit, realizes the collecting work of measurement signal, collecting unit frequency
10 times of exciting signal frequency should be not less than.
As shown in figure 11, overflowing liquid thickness is sought there is provided a kind of aforementioned detection devices in an embodiment of the invention
The computational methods of degree, comprise the following steps：
Step 100, the signal gathered by data processing unit to data acquisition unit carries out first derivation；
Step 200, peak value is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 300, first derivative is sought again after carrying out anti-phase computing to primary signal；
Step 400, valley is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 500, thickness of liquid film is determined according to signal peak-to-valley value.
Wherein, in step 500, according to signal peak-to-valley value V0, thickness of liquid film is determined using following formula,
Wherein, ViFor excitation signal amplitude, RfFor the feedback resistance value of measuring loop self-balancing bridge, C rings for conductance probe head
Characteristic is answered, can be determined before experiment by demarcating.
In an embodiment of the invention, the spiral micrometer bar 30 in caliberating device, can directly select existing skill
The micrometer caliper of fine adjustment function can be realized in art.Following structure can also be used, including one is fixed with upper bracket 21
The female adjustment barrel 31 of band, and the adjusting rod 32 by being threaded onto in adjustment barrel 31, and one with adjusting rod 32
The regulating bolt 33 of contact.Regulating bolt 33 can be connected directly or by gear with adjusting rod 32, by regulating bolt 33 compared with
Less movement on adjusting rod 32 is realized in big rotation, can improve the mobile accuracy of adjusting rod 32.Additionally can be in spiral
The locking device that adjusting rod 32 is locked to position after adjustment is set on micrometer bar 30, and specific locking device can be any one
Kind can be by regulating bolt 33 or the locked structure in current location of adjusting rod 32, such as：Set in regulating bolt 33 corresponding
Bayonet socket, a swingle is flexibly connected on the outer wall of adjustment barrel 31, it is caught in bayonet socket by the rotation of swingle, you can anti-
Only regulating bolt 33 is rotated.When needing to adjust again, swingle is set to leave bayonet socket.
In an embodiment of the invention, the hole position center of through hole 42 of tank 40 to the edge of groove 41 distance at least
For twice of conductance probe head diameter, to avoid influence of the edge of groove 40 to conductance probe head Electric Field Distribution.Further, tank 40
The depth of groove 41 be at least twice of the thickness of regulating block 35, to avoid coolant in calibration process from overflowing.
In an embodiment of the invention, the shape of groove 41 of the tank 40 can be rectangle or circle, and adjust
Shape of the shape and size of block 35 then with groove 41 is corresponding.Tank 40 and regulating block 35 can be using insulation materials such as lucite
Material makes, it is to avoid the Electric Field Distribution in influence liquid film.
As shown in figure 12, in an embodiment of the invention, can be with to enable pedestal 10 to be maintained at horizontality
The base adjusting device 11 of regulation base level height is installed on pedestal 10, the base adjusting device 11 there are four and pacified respectively
At four symmetric positions of the bottom of pedestal 10, including two ends carry the screw rod 112 of opposite threads, and are screwed in screw rod respectively
Realize the sleeve 111 of support and fixation in 112 two ends.One end that two of two sleeves 111 are located remotely from each other respectively with support
Face and the contact or fixed of the bottom of pedestal 10, can be by side clockwise or counterclockwise when some side of pedestal 10 is tilted
To screw rod 112 is turned, screw rod 112 puts in or stretched out in sleeve 111, so that the side is raised and lowered, reaches whole
The horizontal adjustment of pedestal.
Further, in an embodiment of the invention, the regulation water of tank 40 can also be installed on measurement bay 20
The tank adjusting means of level state, tank adjusting means can equally set four and be separately mounted to four of the bottom of tank 40
At symmetric position, the concrete structure of tank adjusting means can be consistent with the foregoing structure of base adjusting device 11, and it is by adjusting
The distance of the whole relative measurement frame 20 of tank 40 realizes the horizontal adjustment of tank 40.Tank adjusting means can be adjusted with pedestal and filled
Put 11 installations, can also only be fitted into one simultaneously.
In an embodiment of the invention, the adjustment barrel 31 of spiral micrometer bar 30 can be fixed with measurement bay 20 and connected
Connect, adjustment barrel 31 is fixed into the plumbness of standard so that later stage regulating block 35 can also be kept and the level of tank 40
State.
As shown in figure 13, in addition, spiral micrometer bar 30 can also be flexibly connected as an entirety with measurement bay 20, now
The vertical adjustment mechanism 34 of the regulation vertical angle of spiral micrometer bar 30, the vertical adjustment mechanism 34 can be installed on measurement bay 20
A retainer ring 341 can be included, and the grip unit of spiral micrometer bar 30 is clamped in retainer ring 341, it is specific to press from both sides
Hold the arc 342 that unit can include contacting with adjustment barrel 31, the hydraulic clip being connected by universal drive shaft 344 with arc 342
Hold bar 343.
Retainer ring 341 can be the direct cavity ring that is formed by measurement bay 20 or on measurement bay 20
One ring, adjustment barrel 31 is vacantly clamped in retainer ring 341 by two arcs 342, two hydraulic clamping bars 343
One end is connected with arc 342 by universal drive shaft 344 respectively, and the other end is flexibly connected with retainer ring 341.Adjustment barrel 31 is by two
After arc 342 is gripped relatively, in the case that the active force of two grip units is consistent with clip position in theory, regulation
Cylinder 31 is in the state perpendicular to tank 40, now, it is not necessary to adjust.Once adjustment barrel 31 is inclined in vertical direction
Tiltedly, then the hydraulic clamping bar 343 of corresponding edge can be controlled to carry out the adjustment of upper lower angle, hydraulic clamping bar 343 can be with fixation
The connection of ring 341 one end is fulcrum, the tie point change force application location of relative universal drive shaft 344, and now the position of arc 342 is not
Become, but hydraulic clamping bar 343 applies to the thrust on arc 342 and can changed, the same lower angle on one of the thrust
In the range of change, due to the presence of universal drive shaft 344 so that arc 342 will not be moved when adjustment barrel 31 is tilted, can guarantee
While screw thread micrometer 30 stability of bar itself, change the angle of inclination of adjustment barrel 31, until it is exactly perpendicularly to tank 40.
In an embodiment of the invention, specific reservoir 50 can include the cylinder of a both ends open tubulose
51, and the both ends open of closed cylinder 51 cover plate, the sliding block 54 in cylinder, and regulation gases at high pressure enter reservoir
Flow regulating unit 55 when 50.
Cover plate can specifically include the upper cover plate 52 and lower cover 53 for closing off the both ends open of cylinder 51, make whole cylinder
51 become a seal.The air inlet 521 entered for the gases at high pressure of high-pressure air source 60, lower cover are provided with upper cover plate 52
The fluid hole 531 for flowing out the internal coolant of reservoir 50 is provided with 53.Upper cover plate 52 and lower cover 531 can pass through bolt
56 fix with cylinder 51.In addition, in other embodiments, upper cover plate 52 or lower cover 53 can also be directly as cylinders
51 part, and only with a removable cover.
Sliding block 54 is arranged in cylinder 51, is slidingly sealed cylinder 51 is divided into two spaces in the axial direction.The material of sliding block 54
Material can be nylon, and seal groove 541 is designed with the circumference of sliding block 54 and the medial surface of cylinder 51, be installed in seal groove 541
Have and form sealed sealing ring 542 with the internal face of cylinder 51.In addition, the edge of sliding block 54 its upper and lower surface and side in processing
Angle need to keep right angle, to avoid clamping stagnation occur in the moving process of sliding block 54.
As shown in figure 14, flow regulating unit 55 is arranged in air inlet 521, including adjustment seat 551 and the supporting conical surface
Regulating block 552, adjustment seat 551 can be the individual components being arranged in the air inlet 121 of upper cover plate 12, air intake now
Hole 521 can be a through hole for running through upper cover plate 52, and adjustment seat 551 is sealingly mounted in the through hole.In others implementation
In mode, adjustment seat 551 can also be formed directly by air inlet 521, i.e., air inlet 521 is directly formed and conical surface regulating block 552
The shape of cooperation.Specific adjustment seat 551 includes the bellmouth 5511 positioned at the bottom indent of upper cover plate 52, and positioned at upper cover plate 52
The cylindrical fixing hole 5512 that top is connected with bellmouth 5511.
Conical surface regulating block 552 includes the connecting pole 5522 on top and the circular cone 5521 of bottom, and connecting pole 1522 passes through spiral shell
Line is arranged in fixing hole 5512, and the frustoconical bevel angle of circular cone 5522 is identical with the frustoconical bevel angle of bellmouth 5511, connecting pole
Set on 5522 and be provided with what is connected with axial passage 5523 on the axially extending passage 5523 of oriented circular cone, circular cone 5521
Interconnection 5524.
In present embodiment, the upper space that reservoir 50 is divided into by sliding block 54 can be empty as the receiving of gases at high pressure
Between, and lower space can as cooling agent storage area, the isolation gases at high pressure and cooling agent of sliding block 54, it is in gases at high pressure
Pressure under extrude opposite side cooling agent, can not only avoid gases at high pressure enter cylinder 51 when impinging cooling agent caused by shake
Swing, gases at high pressure can also be avoided to tie up coolant circuit influence flow.
Flow regulating unit 55 is by conical surface regulating block 552 and the cooperation of adjustment seat 551, to adjust gases at high pressure path
Sectional area, so as to realize the control to high-pressure gas flow, gases at high pressure enter conical surface regulating block 552 by axial passage 5523,
Entered again by space of the interconnection 5524 between conical surface regulating block 552 and conical seat 551 in cylinder 51.Conical surface regulating block
552 material can be that can set external screw thread on brass, connecting pole 5522, and can set what is be engaged in fixing hole 5512
Internal thread, when turning clockwise, conical surface regulating block 552 is moved up, and its distance between adjustment seat 551 is moved closer to, and is reduced
The passage sections of gases at high pressure, accordingly reduce the flow of gases at high pressure；When conical surface regulating block 552 is threaded to top, the conical surface
Regulating block 552 is contacted with adjustment seat 551 completely, can end current path.During rotate counterclockwise conical surface regulating block 552, its effect
It is opposite with the effect turned clockwise.
In present embodiment, the frustoconical bevel angle of adjustment seat 551 and conical surface regulating block 552 can be between 10~20 °, such as originally
The frustoconical bevel angle that embodiment is used is 15 °.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that detailed herein have shown and described multiple showing for the present invention
Example property embodiment, still, still can be direct according to present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
It is determined that or deriving many other variations or modifications for meeting the principle of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is understood that and recognized
It is set to and covers other all these variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film, it is characterised in that including：
Detection means, is measured to overflow thickness of liquid film, including：
The signal generating unit of pumping signal needed for driving source, including generation conductance probe head, and control the frequency of exciting signal frequency
Rate selecting unit, and control the waveform selecting unit of pumping signal type；
Pumping signal expanding element, receives the pumping signal of the driving source, and it is identical to produce frequency, phase, amplitude
Pumping signal is exported；
Measuring loop, receives the pumping signal of the pumping signal expanding element output, then measurement result is exported, including conductance
Probe and the self-balancing bridge being connected with conductance probe head；
Idle loop, the pumping signal of the pumping signal expanding element output, its output signal are received using self-balancing bridge
For the electromagnetic interference signal in measurement process；
Differential amplification unit, including in-phase proportion amplifier and difference proportional amplifier, receive the measuring loop and unloaded time
The signal on road simultaneously deducts electromagnetic interference signal after amplification and difference processing；
Zeroing unit, the multiplication factor for controlling differential amplification unit, to eliminate the shadow that electronic component parameter differences are brought
Ring；
Data acquisition unit, gathers the output signal for meeting in the differential amplification unit and specifying requirement；
Data processing unit：For receiving the output signal of the data acquisition unit and detecting the peak-to-valley value of output signal, root
Thickness of liquid film is worth to according to peak valley；
Caliberating device, is demarcated for the response characteristic to conductance probe head, including：
Pedestal；
Measurement bay, on the pedestal, is U-shaped and is open towards horizontal direction；
On tank, the undersetting for being horizontally arranged at the measurement bay, with the groove for accommodating liquid, installation institute is provided with bottom
State the through hole of conductance probe head；
Spiral micrometer bar, it is on the upper bracket of the measurement bay and vertical with the tank；
Regulating block, installed in the spiral micrometer bar close to one end of the tank and parallel with the tank；
Injection device, is connected with the spout hole of experimental model, for cooling agent to be injected into model surface formation liquid film, including：
Reservoir, for storing cooling agent；
High-pressure air source, for promoting the cooling agent in the reservoir to export；
Pressure regulation unit, in the high-pressure air source, for controlling the high-pressure air source to input to the height in the reservoir
Press gas pressure；
Magnetic valve, on the infusion pipeline of the reservoir, for accurately controlling cooling agent injection length；
Stop valve, the downstream of the magnetic valve on infusion pipeline, the break-make for ending infusion pipeline；
Controller, the open and close for controlling the magnetic valve.
Flow regulating unit, the flow for controlling cooling agent.
2. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The pumping signal expanding element is by two and the voltage follower that connects is constituted, the performance parameter one of two voltage followers
Cause, to be respectively that the idle loop and the measuring loop provide identical pumping signal.
3. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Zeroing unit is also associated with the differential amplification unit, the zeroing unit believes output when thickness of liquid film is zero
Number amplitude is zero.
4. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
When the data acquisition unit gathers the output signal of the differential amplification unit, frequency acquisition is at least not less than excitation letter
10 times of number frequency, system bandwidth is not less than 2 times of exciting signal frequency.
5. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The through hole hole position center of the tank is at least twice of conductance probe head diameter to the distance of the recess edge, the water
The depth of groove of groove is at least twice of the regulating block thickness.
6. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The spiral micrometer bar includes the adjustment barrel fixed with the measurement bay, and the adjusting rod in adjustment barrel, regulation is adjusted
The regulating bolt of pole lifting, and the adjusting rod is locked to the locking device of position after adjustment.
7. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The base adjusting device for adjusting the base level is installed on the pedestal, the base adjusting device have four and
It is separately mounted at four symmetric positions of the base bottom, including two ends carry the screw rod of opposite threads, and be screwed in respectively
Realize the sleeve of support and fixation in screw rod two ends；
The vertical adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spiral micrometer bar vertical angle, including retainer ring are installed on the measurement bay, pacified
The grip unit of spiral micrometer bar is clamped in retainer ring, the grip unit includes the arc contacted with spiral micrometer bar
Plate, the hydraulic clamping bar being connected by universal drive shaft with arc.
8. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described reservoir includes：
Cylinder, is the tubular structure of both ends open,
Cover plate, including close off and be provided with air inlet on the upper cover plate and lower cover of the both ends open of the cylinder, upper cover plate,
Fluid hole is provided with lower cover, the flow regulating unit is arranged at the air inlet；
Sliding block, in the cylinder, two spaces are divided into drum shaft upward sliding sealing.
9. the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Flow regulating unit, including：
Adjustment seat, at the air inlet, including the bellmouth positioned at the upper cover plate bottom, and positioned at the upper cover plate
The cylindrical fixing hole that top is connected with bellmouth；The frustoconical bevel angle of the bellmouth and the circular cone is 10~20 °；
Conical surface regulating block, includes the connecting pole and the circular cone of bottom on top, and connecting pole is bored by being threadably mounted in fixing hole
The frustoconical bevel angle of shape block is identical with the frustoconical bevel angle of bellmouth, and the axially extending passage of oriented circular cone is set on connecting pole, cone
The interconnection connected with axial passage is provided with shape block.
10. a kind of data processing method of the thick measurement experiment system of hypersonic overflow liquid film cooling film described in claim 1, its
It is characterised by, comprises the following steps：
Step 100, the signal gathered by data processing unit to data acquisition unit carries out first derivation；
Step 200, peak value is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 300, first derivative is sought again after carrying out anti-phase computing to primary signal；
Step 400, valley is found out using zero passage detection method；
Step 500, thickness of liquid film is determined according to signal peak-to-valley value, determines that the formula of thickness of liquid film is as follows according to peak-to-valley value：
<mrow>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>CR</mi>
<mi>f</mi>
</msub>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Wherein, ViFor excitation signal amplitude, RfFor the feedback resistance value of measuring loop self-balancing bridge, C demarcates to pass through before experiment
The measuring probe response characteristic of determination.
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| CN107421713A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-01 | 大连理工大学 | Turbulent liquid film wave frequency and the system of velocity of wave in a kind of measurement pipe |
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