CN107312906B - A kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost - Google Patents
A kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5264—Manufacture of alloyed steels including ferro-alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting processes of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost comprising following steps: the low-titaniumize that electric furnace carries out just steel-making liquid is smelted, the hypoxemia low-titaniumize of ladle refining furnace progress refining liquid steel is smelted, vacuum VD furnace carries out final degassing process to molten steel, protects molding to be poured steel ingot using whole argon gas twice；Under the premise of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel produced by the invention guarantees same product quality and data; using the VD vacuum suction of electric furnace+refining+twice; production cost is low, steel hardness is 190HBW or so; tensile strength is 640MPa or so, equipment and process route simple operations; general Special Steel Enterprise is applicable to be smelted, is poured using argon gas whole process protection, is poured purer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to smelting iron and steel technique, the smelter of more specifically a kind of ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost
Skill.
Background technique
The high-end bearing steel of Current Domestic relies on import mostly and vacuum induction+vacuum consumable is smelted, especially for axis
For holding the cost of steel, production cost is comparable height, using the about 10000 yuan/t of cost or so of this technique.High carbon chromium
The clarity of bearing steel influences the main metallurgical factor of bearing life in addition to oxide is mingled with because closely related with bearing life
Except object, Sulfide inclusion, there are also nitrogenize titanium inclusion.If oxygen content in steel and nitrogen content are lower, then the clarity of steel is got over
Good, bearing life is higher.To solve the problems, such as that domestic market is higher using the high-end bearing steel and production cost of a large amount of imports,
The unremitting effort of technical research department is passed through by my company, researches and develops the bearing steel for successfully producing the ultrapure low titanium of low cost finally.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a kind of ultrapure low titanium axis of low cost
Hold the smelting process of steel.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost, process flow:
(1) low-titaniumize that electric furnace carries out just steel-making liquid smelts control
The molten iron for selecting blast furnace self-produced, it is desirable that the molten iron for entering furnace should meet following standard:
C 3.5~4.5%, Si 0.2~0.5%, Mn 0.4~0.8%, P≤0.120%, the molten iron temperature of S≤0.080% 1250
~1400 DEG C；Using 60~70% molten iron proportion, Cr, Ni, Cu and other harmful elements are effectively prevented, are guaranteed in molten steel
Pb≤0.010%,Sn≤0.010%,As≤0.010%,Sb≤0.010%,Bi≤0.010%；It is operated using the high mixed carbon comtent of electric furnace,
The sharp acute degree that C-O reacts when making full use of oxygen decarburization goes field trash ability come degassing when guaranteeing the decarburization of molten steel；Due to C-O
The sharp acute increasing of reaction, ensure that the thickness of foam slag blanket, reduces molten steel and inhale nitrogen from atmosphere, be conducive to the pure of molten steel
Change.Using the operation of big quantity of slag stream slag, the basicity of slag is rationally controlled between 1.8~2.3, the severe degree reacted using C-O,
, as slag is discharged, under the early period of high mixed carbon comtent, stone will be added in batches after gas, field trash and harmful substance reaction in steel
Ash, points 4 times, every time plus 900kg, before charging for the first time, second batch, furnace charge is added after being powered 12 minutes in furnace bottom paver ash 900kg
Third batch is added after melting down, the 4th batch is added in decarbonizing process, sufficiently reacts heel row when gas, field trash and harmful substance and removes
Slag, in this way by more than three times change slag flow slag operation, sufficiently accomplished as far as possible by steel gas, be mingled with and be removed to remnants
At least, it is more advantageous to the control of the sublimate and gas flow of molten steel；It is operated using alloying after eccentric bottom tapping and furnace, sufficiently
Bits enter in ladle with tapping process in the tapping slag control furnace of control molten steel, cause molten steel impure, guarantee charge weight
Greater than 90% or more of tap, guarantee the pure of molten steel.Deoxidier and low titanium alloy and other conjunctions are added in tapping process
Gold removes the gas in steel in advance, and realizes low titanium alloying.
The general > 0.80% of ordinary steel electric furnace mixed carbon comtent, mixed carbon comtent > 2.6%, furnace door oxygen lance flow > 3000m in this technique
3/h)
(2) enter the hypoxemia low-titaniumize smelting that ladle refining furnace carries out refining liquid steel:
By using lime 2-3kg/t, refining pre-melted slag 3-4kg/t, fluorite 0.1-1 kg/t, silicon carbide 0.2-1.0
Kg/t, aluminum shot 0.2-0.6 kg/t, ferrosilicon powder 0.2-0.6 kg/t rationally control the basicity of refining slag between 3~6, utilize
Refining furnace changes slag operation smelting, makes new slag melting again after slag generated after electric furnace steel tapping is poured out, and goes the nocuousness in slagging-off
Substance further carries out degassing to molten steel, goes to be mingled with and low titanium alloying to more can guarantee the sublimate of molten steel, essence
The white slag time is refined greater than 30min, to guarantee oxygen content≤10ppm in steel；Sulfur content≤10ppm；Ti content≤20ppm.
(3) vacuum VD furnace carries out final degassing process to molten steel twice:
Temperature is 1590 DEG C, VD vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, maintains 20~30min of vacuum time, using argon bottom-blowing intensity
0.1~0.2MPa；After being warming up to 1580 DEG C after broken sky, then carries out a VD and be vacuum-treated (the technological parameter of second of processing
It is consistent with first time), it is vacuum-treated by VD twice, further sufficiently by the oxygen in steel, nitrogen, hydrogen (oxygen content≤10ppm；
Hydrogen content≤1.0ppm；Nitrogen content≤35ppm) gas is down to lower, the soft blow time >=20min, fully ensure that field trash
It floats, molten steel is made to obtain sublimate, the carbonization rice husk before tapping after addition baking covers molten steel.
(4) molten steel is poured into clean ingot mould according to the suitable speed of steel ingot simulation casting
Molten steel is whole in casting process to use argon for protecting pouring, prevents contact of the molten steel again with air, occurs secondary
Oxidation and air-breathing have fully ensured that the degree of purity and ultra low gas content of molten steel.Follow the suitable speed of steel ingot simulation casting into
Row casting guarantees molten steel in the air-breathing of casting process and the internal soundness of steel ingot.
1500~1505 DEG C of pouring temperature, speed 2.0-2.2t/min in above-mentioned pouring technology.
The beneficial effect of the invention patent is:
1, under the premise of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel produced by the invention guarantees same product quality and data, using electric furnace+
Refining+twice VD vacuum suction, production cost be only 7000 yuan/ton, production cost is low.
2, steel hardness is 190HBW or so, and tensile strength is 640MPa or so.
3, equipment and process route simple operations, the applicable smelting of general Special Steel Enterprise.
4, it is poured, is poured purer using argon gas whole process protection.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below, so that those skilled in the art can be better
The solution present invention, but be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost, feature include the following steps:
(1) low-titaniumize that electric furnace carries out just steel-making liquid is smelted: going out the standard of furnace molten iron are as follows: C 3.5~4.5%, Si 0.2
~0.5%, Mn 0.4~0.8%, P≤0.120%, S≤0.080%, 1300 DEG C of molten iron temperature, wherein the ratio of molten iron is 65%；Have
The Pb≤0.010% for preventing Cr, Ni, Cu and other harmful elements, guaranteeing in molten steel of effect, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.010%,
Sb≤0.010%,Bi≤0.010%；It is operated using the high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity of electric furnace, high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity mixed carbon comtent > 3.0%；
Big furnace door oxygen lance flow 3000m3/h is rationally controlled the basicity of slag 2.0, is reacted using C-O using the operation of big quantity of slag stream slag
Severe degree, will be discharged after gas, field trash and the harmful substance reaction in steel with slag；Under above-mentioned high mixed carbon comtent, divide 4
Secondary addition lime, every time plus 900kg, before charging for the first time, second batch, furnace is added after being powered 12 minutes in furnace bottom paver ash 900kg
Expect that the melting down rear third that is added is criticized, the 4th batch is added in decarbonizing process, sufficiently reacts heel row when gas, field trash and harmful substance and removes
Slag, in this way by more than three times change slag flow slag operation, sufficiently accomplished as far as possible by steel gas, be mingled with and be removed to remnants
At least, it is more advantageous to the control of the sublimate and gas flow of molten steel；It is operated using alloying after eccentric bottom tapping and furnace, sufficiently
The tapping slag of molten steel is controlled, guarantees that charge weight is the 93% of tap, guarantees the pure of molten steel；It is added in tapping process de-
Oxygen agent and low titanium alloy and silicomangan remove the gas in steel in advance, and realize low titanium alloying, and gas contains after processing
Amount oxygen is 150ppm, the content of titanium alloy is 6ppm.
(2) the hypoxemia low-titaniumize that ladle refining furnace carries out refining liquid steel is smelted
Lime 2.5kg/t, refining pre-melted slag 3.5kg/t, 0.2 kg/t of fluorite, 0.3 kg/t of silicon carbide, aluminum shot 0.2 is added
Kg/t, 0.2 kg/t of ferrosilicon powder control the basicity of refining slag 4, change slag operation using refining furnace and smelt, by institute after electric furnace steel tapping
The slag of generation makes new slag melting after pouring out again, goes the harmful substance in slagging-off, thus more can guarantee the sublimate of molten steel, into
One step carries out degassing to molten steel, goes to be mingled with and low titanium alloying, and the refining white slag time is greater than 30min, to guarantee in steel
Oxygen content≤10ppm；Sulfur content≤10ppm；Ti content≤20ppm.
(3) vacuum VD furnace carries out final degassing process to molten steel twice
Temperature is 1590 DEG C, VD vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, maintains vacuum time 25min, using argon bottom-blowing intensity
0.15MPa；It after being warming up to 1580 DEG C after broken sky, then carries out primary above-mentioned VD and is vacuum-treated, be vacuum-treated by VD twice, into
Make oxygen content≤10ppm in steel；Hydrogen content≤1.0ppm；Nitrogen content≤35ppm；It the soft blow time >=20min, fully ensures that
The floating of field trash makes molten steel obtain sublimate, and the carbonization rice husk before tapping after addition baking covers molten steel.
(4) whole argon gas protection molding casting steel ingot is utilized.
Molten steel is whole in casting process to use argon for protecting pouring, prevents contact of the molten steel again with air, occurs secondary
Oxidation and air-breathing have fully ensured that the degree of purity and ultra low gas content of molten steel；Follow the suitable speed of steel ingot simulation casting into
Row casting guarantees molten steel in the air-breathing of casting process and the internal soundness of steel ingot, 1500~1505 DEG C of the pouring temperature, speed
For 2.0t/min.
Embodiment 2
A kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost, feature include the following steps:
(1) low-titaniumize that electric furnace carries out just steel-making liquid is smelted: going out the standard of furnace molten iron are as follows: C 3.5~4.5%, Si 0.2
~0.5%, Mn 0.4~0.8%, P≤0.120%, S≤0.080%, 1300 DEG C of molten iron temperature, wherein the ratio of molten iron is 65%；Have
The Pb≤0.010% for preventing Cr, Ni, Cu and other harmful elements, guaranteeing in molten steel of effect, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.010%,
Sb≤0.010%,Bi≤0.010%；It is operated using the high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity of electric furnace, high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity mixed carbon comtent > 3.0%；
Big furnace door oxygen lance flow 3000m3/h is rationally controlled the basicity of slag 2.0, is reacted using C-O using the operation of big quantity of slag stream slag
Severe degree, will be discharged after gas, field trash and the harmful substance reaction in steel with slag；Under above-mentioned high mixed carbon comtent, divide 4
Secondary addition lime, every time plus 900kg, before charging for the first time, second batch, furnace is added after being powered 12 minutes in furnace bottom paver ash 900kg
Expect that the melting down rear third that is added is criticized, the 4th batch is added in decarbonizing process, sufficiently reacts heel row when gas, field trash and harmful substance and removes
Slag, in this way by more than three times change slag flow slag operation, sufficiently accomplished as far as possible by steel gas, be mingled with and be removed to remnants
At least, it is more advantageous to the control of the sublimate and gas flow of molten steel；It is operated using alloying after eccentric bottom tapping and furnace, sufficiently
The tapping slag of molten steel is controlled, guarantees that charge weight is the 93% of tap, guarantees the pure of molten steel；It is added in tapping process de-
Oxygen agent and low titanium alloy and silicomangan remove the gas in steel in advance, and realize low titanium alloying, and gas contains after processing
Amount oxygen is 150ppm, the content of titanium alloy is 6ppm.
(2) the hypoxemia low-titaniumize that ladle refining furnace carries out refining liquid steel is smelted
Lime 2.5kg/t, refining pre-melted slag 3.5kg/t, fluorite 0.6kg/t, 0.5 kg/t of silicon carbide, aluminum shot 0.5 is added
Kg/t, 0.5 kg/t of ferrosilicon powder, the basicity for controlling refining slag is 5, changes slag operation using refining furnace and smelts, by institute after electric furnace steel tapping
The slag of generation makes new slag melting after pouring out again, goes the harmful substance in slagging-off, thus more can guarantee the sublimate of molten steel, into
One step carries out degassing to molten steel, goes to be mingled with and low titanium alloying, and the refining white slag time is greater than 30min, to guarantee in steel
Oxygen content≤10ppm；Sulfur content≤10ppm；Ti content≤20ppm.
(3) vacuum VD furnace carries out final degassing process to molten steel twice
Temperature is 1590 DEG C, VD vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, maintains vacuum time 25min, using argon bottom-blowing intensity
0.15MPa；It after being warming up to 1580 DEG C after broken sky, then carries out primary above-mentioned VD and is vacuum-treated, be vacuum-treated by VD twice, into
Make oxygen content≤10ppm in steel；Hydrogen content≤1.0ppm；Nitrogen content≤35ppm；It the soft blow time >=20min, fully ensures that
The floating of field trash makes molten steel obtain sublimate, and the carbonization rice husk before tapping after addition baking covers molten steel.
(4) whole argon gas protection molding casting steel ingot is utilized.
Molten steel is whole in casting process to use argon for protecting pouring, prevents contact of the molten steel again with air, occurs secondary
Oxidation and air-breathing have fully ensured that the degree of purity and ultra low gas content of molten steel；Follow the suitable speed of steel ingot simulation casting into
Row casting guarantees molten steel in the air-breathing of casting process and the internal soundness of steel ingot, 1500~1505 DEG C of the pouring temperature, speed
For 2.0t/min.
Embodiment 3
A kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost, feature include the following steps:
(1) low-titaniumize that electric furnace carries out just steel-making liquid is smelted: going out the standard of furnace molten iron are as follows: C 3.5~4.5%, Si 0.2
~0.5%, Mn 0.4~0.8%, P≤0.120%, S≤0.080%, 1300 DEG C of molten iron temperature, wherein the ratio of molten iron is 65%；Have
The Pb≤0.010% for preventing Cr, Ni, Cu and other harmful elements, guaranteeing in molten steel of effect, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.010%,
Sb≤0.010%,Bi≤0.010%；It is operated using the high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity of electric furnace, high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity mixed carbon comtent 3.0%；Greatly
Furnace door oxygen lance flow 1200m3/h rationally controls the basicity of slag 2.0, utilizes C-O reaction using the operation of big quantity of slag stream slag
Severe degree, as slag is discharged after gas, field trash and the harmful substance in steel are reacted；Under above-mentioned high mixed carbon comtent, divide 4 times
Lime is added, every time plus 900kg, before charging for the first time, second batch, furnace charge is added after being powered 12 minutes in furnace bottom paver ash 900kg
Third batch is added after melting down, the 4th batch is added in decarbonizing process, sufficiently reacts heel row when gas, field trash and harmful substance and removes
Slag, in this way by more than three times change slag flow slag operation, sufficiently accomplished as far as possible by steel gas, be mingled with and be removed to remnants
At least, it is more advantageous to the control of the sublimate and gas flow of molten steel；It is operated using alloying after eccentric bottom tapping and furnace, sufficiently
The tapping slag of molten steel is controlled, guarantees that charge weight is the 93% of tap, guarantees the pure of molten steel；It is added in tapping process de-
Oxygen agent and low titanium alloy and silicomangan remove the gas in steel in advance, and realize low titanium alloying, and gas contains after processing
Amount oxygen is 150ppm, the content of titanium alloy is 6ppm.
(2) the hypoxemia low-titaniumize that ladle refining furnace carries out refining liquid steel is smelted
Lime 2.5kg/t, refining pre-melted slag 3.5kg/t, 0.2 kg/t of fluorite, 0.3 kg/t of silicon carbide, aluminum shot 0.2 is added
Kg/t, 0.2 kg/t of ferrosilicon powder control the basicity of refining slag 4, change slag operation using refining furnace and smelt, by institute after electric furnace steel tapping
The slag of generation makes new slag melting after pouring out again, goes the harmful substance in slagging-off, thus more can guarantee the sublimate of molten steel, into
One step carries out degassing to molten steel, goes to be mingled with and low titanium alloying, and the refining white slag time is greater than 30min, to guarantee in steel
Oxygen content≤10ppm；Sulfur content≤10ppm；Ti content≤20ppm.
(3) vacuum VD furnace carries out final degassing process to molten steel twice
Temperature is 1590 DEG C, VD vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, maintains vacuum time 25min, using argon bottom-blowing intensity
0.15MPa；It after being warming up to 1580 DEG C after broken sky, then carries out primary above-mentioned VD and is vacuum-treated, be vacuum-treated by VD twice, into
Make oxygen content≤10ppm in steel；Hydrogen content≤1.0ppm；Nitrogen content≤35ppm；It the soft blow time >=20min, fully ensures that
The floating of field trash makes molten steel obtain sublimate, and the carbonization rice husk before tapping after addition baking covers molten steel.
(4) whole argon gas protection molding casting steel ingot is utilized.
Molten steel is whole in casting process to use argon for protecting pouring, prevents contact of the molten steel again with air, occurs secondary
Oxidation and air-breathing have fully ensured that the degree of purity and ultra low gas content of molten steel；Follow the suitable speed of steel ingot simulation casting into
Row casting guarantees molten steel in the air-breathing of casting process and the internal soundness of steel ingot, 1500~1505 DEG C of the pouring temperature, speed
For 2.0t/min.
Embodiment 4
A kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost, feature include the following steps:
(1) low-titaniumize that electric furnace carries out just steel-making liquid is smelted: going out the standard of furnace molten iron are as follows: C 3.5~4.5%, Si 0.2
~0.5%, Mn 0.4~0.8%, P≤0.120%, S≤0.080%, 1300 DEG C of molten iron temperature, wherein the ratio of molten iron is 65%；Have
The Pb≤0.010% for preventing Cr, Ni, Cu and other harmful elements, guaranteeing in molten steel of effect, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.010%,
Sb≤0.010%,Bi≤0.010%；It is operated using the high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity of electric furnace, high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity mixed carbon comtent 1.0%；Greatly
Furnace door oxygen lance flow 3200m3/h rationally controls the basicity of slag 2.0, utilizes C-O reaction using the operation of big quantity of slag stream slag
Severe degree, as slag is discharged after gas, field trash and the harmful substance in steel are reacted；Under above-mentioned high mixed carbon comtent, divide 4 times
Lime is added, every time plus 900kg, before charging for the first time, second batch, furnace charge is added after being powered 12 minutes in furnace bottom paver ash 900kg
Third batch is added after melting down, the 4th batch is added in decarbonizing process, sufficiently reacts heel row when gas, field trash and harmful substance and removes
Slag, in this way by more than three times change slag flow slag operation, sufficiently accomplished as far as possible by steel gas, be mingled with and be removed to remnants
At least, it is more advantageous to the control of the sublimate and gas flow of molten steel；It is operated using alloying after eccentric bottom tapping and furnace, sufficiently
The tapping slag of molten steel is controlled, guarantees that charge weight is the 93% of tap, guarantees the pure of molten steel；It is added in tapping process de-
Oxygen agent and low titanium alloy and silicomangan remove the gas in steel in advance, and realize low titanium alloying, and gas contains after processing
Amount oxygen is 150ppm, the content of titanium alloy is 6ppm.
(2) the hypoxemia low-titaniumize that ladle refining furnace carries out refining liquid steel is smelted
Lime 2.5kg/t, refining pre-melted slag 3.5kg/t, 0.2 kg/t of fluorite, 0.3 kg/t of silicon carbide, aluminum shot 0.2 is added
Kg/t, 0.2 kg/t of ferrosilicon powder control the basicity of refining slag 4, change slag operation using refining furnace and smelt, by institute after electric furnace steel tapping
The slag of generation makes new slag melting after pouring out again, goes the harmful substance in slagging-off, thus more can guarantee the sublimate of molten steel, into
One step carries out degassing to molten steel, goes to be mingled with and low titanium alloying, and the refining white slag time is greater than 30min, to guarantee in steel
Oxygen content≤10ppm；Sulfur content≤10ppm；Ti content≤20ppm.
(3) vacuum VD furnace carries out final degassing process to molten steel twice
Temperature is 1590 DEG C, VD vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, maintains vacuum time 25min, using argon bottom-blowing intensity
0.15MPa；It after being warming up to 1580 DEG C after broken sky, then carries out primary above-mentioned VD and is vacuum-treated, be vacuum-treated by VD twice, into
Make oxygen content≤10ppm in steel；Hydrogen content≤1.0ppm；Nitrogen content≤35ppm；It the soft blow time >=20min, fully ensures that
The floating of field trash makes molten steel obtain sublimate, and the carbonization rice husk before tapping after addition baking covers molten steel.
(4) whole argon gas protection molding casting steel ingot is utilized.
Molten steel is whole in casting process to use argon for protecting pouring, prevents contact of the molten steel again with air, occurs secondary
Oxidation and air-breathing have fully ensured that the degree of purity and ultra low gas content of molten steel；Follow the suitable speed of steel ingot simulation casting into
Row casting guarantees molten steel in the air-breathing of casting process and the internal soundness of steel ingot, 1500~1505 DEG C of the pouring temperature, speed
For 2.0t/min.
Steel ingot performance obtained by above embodiments is as follows:
1 steel hardness of embodiment is 195HBW, tensile strength 645MPa, oxygen content≤3ppm；Sulfur content≤4ppm；Hydrogen
Content≤0.1ppm；Ti content≤6ppm.；
2 steel hardness of embodiment is 182HBW, tensile strength 628MPa, oxygen content≤4ppm；Sulfur content≤6ppm；Hydrogen
Content≤0.4ppm；Ti content≤11ppm.；
3 steel hardness of embodiment is 161HBW, tensile strength 604MPa, oxygen content≤10ppm；Sulfur content≤10ppm；
Hydrogen content≤0.7ppm；Ti content≤20ppm.
4 steel hardness of embodiment is 165HBW, tensile strength 617MPa, oxygen content≤10ppm；Sulfur content≤8ppm；
Hydrogen content≤0.6ppm；Ti content≤18ppm.
Electric furnace high mixed carbon comtent operation as seen from the above embodiment, if oxygen-supply quantity is insufficient, C-O underaction, the gas in steel
After body, field trash and harmful substance reaction cannot slag discharge, cause in steel impurity content high, influence the performance of steel, lead to
Oxygen, if mixed carbon comtent is insufficient, also the same underaction causes impurity content height in steel, influences the performance of steel.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) low-titaniumize that electric furnace carries out just steel-making liquid is smelted
(2) the hypoxemia low-titaniumize that ladle refining furnace carries out refining liquid steel is smelted
(3) vacuum VD furnace carries out final degassing process to molten steel twice
(4) whole argon gas protection molding casting steel ingot is utilized；
Step (1) step are as follows: by using 60~70% molten iron proportion, effectively prevent Cr, Ni, Cu and other nocuousness
Element guarantees Pb≤0.010%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.010% in molten steel, Sb≤0.010%, Bi≤0.010%；It utilizes
The high mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity operation of electric furnace rationally controls the basicity of slag between 1.8~2.3, benefit using the operation of big quantity of slag stream slag
The severe degree reacted with C-O, as slag is discharged after gas, field trash and the harmful substance in steel are reacted；Match in above-mentioned height
Under carbon amounts, point 4 additions lime, every time plus 900kg, before charging for the first time, furnace bottom paver ash 900kg adds after being powered 12 minutes
Enter second batch, third batch is added after furnace charge is melting down, the 4th batch is added in decarbonizing process, when gas, field trash and harmful substance are filled
Point reaction heel row slagging-off, in this way by more than three times change slag flow slag operation, sufficiently accomplished as far as possible by steel gas, press from both sides
The miscellaneous remnants that are removed to are minimum, are more advantageous to the control of the sublimate and gas flow of molten steel；Using being closed after eccentric bottom tapping and furnace
Aurification operation, sufficiently controls the tapping slag of molten steel, guarantees that charge weight is greater than the 90% of tap, guarantees the pure of molten steel；Going out
Deoxidier and low titanium alloy and silicomangan are added during steel, removes the gas in steel in advance, and realize low titanium alloy
Change, gas content oxygen is 150ppm after processing, the content of titanium alloy is 6ppm；
The step (2) are as follows: lime 2-3kg/t, refining pre-melted slag 3-4kg/t, fluorite 0.1-1 kg/t, silicon carbide 0.2- is added
1.0 kg/t, aluminum shot 0.2-0.6 kg/t, ferrosilicon powder 0.2-0.6 kg/t, control the basicity of refining slag between 3~6, utilize
Refining furnace changes slag operation smelting, makes new slag melting again after slag generated after electric furnace steel tapping is poured out, and goes the nocuousness in slagging-off
Substance further carries out degassing to molten steel, goes to be mingled with and low titanium alloying to more can guarantee the sublimate of molten steel, essence
The white slag time is refined greater than 30min, to guarantee oxygen content≤10ppm in steel；Sulfur content≤10ppm；Ti content≤20ppm；
The step (3) are as follows: temperature is 1590 DEG C, VD vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, maintains 20~30min of vacuum time, the bottom of using
0.1~0.2MPa of blowing argon gas intensity；It after being warming up to 1580 DEG C after broken sky, then carries out primary above-mentioned VD and is vacuum-treated, by two
Secondary VD is vacuum-treated, into the oxygen content≤10ppm made in steel；Hydrogen content≤1.0ppm；Nitrogen content≤35ppm；The soft blow time >=
20min has fully ensured that the floating of field trash, and molten steel is made to obtain sublimate, the carbonization rice husk covering before tapping after addition baking
Molten steel；
The step (4) are as follows: molten steel is whole in casting process uses argon for protecting pouring, prevents molten steel from connecing again with air
Secondary oxidation and air-breathing occur for touching, have fully ensured that the degree of purity and ultra low gas content of molten steel；Follow steel ingot simulation casting
Suitable speed is poured, and guarantees molten steel in the air-breathing of casting process and the internal soundness of steel ingot.
2. a kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The standard into furnace molten iron out is required in step (1) are as follows: C 3.5~4.5%, Si 0.2~0.5%, Mn 0.4~0.8%, P≤
0.120%, S≤0.080%, 1250~1400 DEG C of molten iron temperature, wherein the ratio of molten iron is 60~70%.
3. a kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
High mixed carbon comtent large oxygen quantity mixed carbon comtent > 2.6% in step (1)；Big furnace door oxygen lance flow > 3000m3/h.
4. a kind of smelting process of the ultrapure low titanium bearing steel of low cost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Step (4) are as follows: 1500~1505 DEG C of the pouring temperature, speed 2.0-2.2t/min.
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| CN110872639A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Smelting method for controlling titanium content of high-carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN109628694A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 西峡县耀辉冶金材料有限公司 | A kind of ultralow nitrogen ultralow titanium molten steel refining agent and preparation method |
| CN110527909A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-03 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the beating steel GCr15 of ultralow titanium containing Cu-J |
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