CN107307884B - Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen - Google Patents
Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen Download PDFInfo
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- CN107307884B CN107307884B CN201710531725.7A CN201710531725A CN107307884B CN 107307884 B CN107307884 B CN 107307884B CN 201710531725 A CN201710531725 A CN 201710531725A CN 107307884 B CN107307884 B CN 107307884B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
- A61B8/5223—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data
Abstract
The present invention relates to Bladder Volume measurements, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen, it is the following steps are included: Step1: through abdomen scanning bladder, ultrasound obtains bladder two dimensional image, i.e. median sagittal plane D1；Step2: probe is rotated by 90 ° counterclockwise, obtains the maximum cross-section of bladder median sagittal plane, i.e. cross section D2 again；Step3: probe is rotated clockwise 45 ° on the basis of the first median sagittal plane D1 again, obtains the maximum cross-section of bladder median sagittal plane, i.e. left tilted surface D3 again；Step4: probe is rotated clockwise 45 ° on the basis of D2, obtains the maximum cross-section of bladder median sagittal plane, i.e. right tilted surface D4 again；Step5: the central point Q of median sagittal plane is positioned；Step6: measurement median sagittal plane D1, left tilted surface D3 and right tilted surface D4；Step7: measurement cross section D2；Step8: the actual volume of bladder is calculated according to formula.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Bladder Volume calculation method fields, and in particular to Bladder Volume is surveyed under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen
Amount, calculation method.
Background technique
The measurement of Bladder Volume, calculation method are a lot of, CT, MRI,131I-OIH, ultrasound, urethral catheterization etc., wherein with urethral catheterization compared with
To be accurate, Transabdominal Ultrasound mensuration with easy to operate, low-cost, Noninvasive, it is harmless the advantages that and be widely used in facing
Bed.
However, the form that bladder is manifested in different degrees of filling volume is different, from few residual volume to excessively filling
When the amount of being full of, the metamorphosis in sagittal plane is very big, and can follow without evident regularity, and the form on cross section mainly has irregular narrow
Small rectangular, the irregular ellipse of small strip, irregular approximation, irregular trapezoidal, approximate regulation rounded square and circle
Shape etc..Ultrasonic measurement calculated value often differs greatly with real data.Currently, clinically being calculated for bladder current volume main
It is to take arrow, the horizontal orthogonal 3 maximum diameters line number of two two dimensional slices according to i.e. d1, d2, d3, with traditional mathematics formulaV= 0.52×d1×d2×d3It is calculated, this formula is appropriate for the urine measurement of bladder abundant residues, and error is relatively small, to few
Measuring residual urine measurement, then error is larger, and main cause is that its form is irregularly caused when bladder is not full.By irregular form
The not standardized measured value of 3 of object is inserted in the ellipsoidal mathematical formulae of a rule by force and calculates, as a result necessarily with reality
There is larger gap on border.
Holmes creates empirical equation within 1973V=5PHThrough the empirical equation being calculated with Gong ChuanmeiV=10*d1* d2, sampled data is only two and constant is fixed, and the latter's constant " 10 " is to calculate to obtain to 200 normal human bladder's data,
Left and right, upper and lower two diameter (centimetre) are measured in each human bladder greatest cross-section, by the product of two diameter multiplications and to multiplicand 8-
12 respectively multiply one time, find out the smallest multiplicand of error through statistics.The bladder of various irregular forms is calculated using this formula,
Error range is very big.After replacement operation person, calculated value gap is obvious, and poor repeatability, quantitative criteria is not clear enough, easily causes to miss
Poor range increases.For in a way, bladder current volume, the master of operator are calculated using traditional oval ball formula
It sees judgement and occupies critical role, coefficient value range is indefinite from 0.5-0.7, takes section measurement+calculated value+subjective judgement+warp
Test=current capacities value, after replacement operation person, calculated value gap is obvious, and poor repeatability, quantitative criteria is not clear enough, easily causes
Error range increases.
In recent years, the application of three-dimensional ultrasonography volume imaging technique makes the calculating of bladder volume have new direction again, former
Reason mainly by three orthogonal planes takes figure, sketches the contours the boundary of area-of-interest by hand, and instrument is automatically to sketching the contours area
Domain is sampled, and the bulking value that three-dimensional simulation is imaged and calculates imaging region automatically is formed.Although this technology makes two-dimensional space
Image is converted to three-dimensional space data, and enhances computing capability, but shortcoming is also evident from, to hardware device requirement
Height, needs to have three-dimensional volume probe and related software is supported, and usually the Ultrasound Instrument volume with three-dimensional volume function is big, is not easy
Portable mobile, inspection fee are high；Operator can must skillfully grasp the relevant operation technology of three-dimensional volume imaging；Whole operation,
Time-consuming for calculating cycle, poor in timeliness.
Currently, the product for having portable ultraphonic bladder to survey looks on the market occurs, principle be mostly by two dimension or it is three-dimensional at
Bladder intra well borders are calculated automatically by software as after to obtaining respective image perimeter, area data, according to being inserted in existing mathematics again
Formula acquires bladder capacity finally by each area data is combined, this method requires height to hardware device, needs individually to buy corresponding
Ultrasonic device, and in use during there is relevant condition to limit, such as abdomen have operative scar person, the person of being too obese
Deng, and it is then lack scope for their abilities to the object beyond its scanning zone.
An irregular object volume is sought from the angle of calculus, object need to be subdivided into n subsection and carry out operation,
This method has not required nothing more than relevant mathematical operational ability and basis, and very high to hardware device requirement, not only by wing
Guang carries out subtle three-dimensional weight dimension data sampling, decomposes complexity, operation time is too long, and timeliness is very poor, and clinical application is unrealistic.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the invention discloses Bladder Volumes under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen to survey
Amount, calculation method, calculate Bladder Volume by using above-mentioned measurement method, measurement of the invention, calculation method institute
It obtains data and actual quantity deviation is more accurate than other traditional measurement methods, compared with new-type measurement method, which is surveyed
Amount, calculation method are not necessarily to high expense, and measurement process is succinct, spend the time less, and ordinary ultrasonic machine can be used.
Of the present invention to be mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: Bladder Volume is surveyed under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen
Amount, calculation method, it the following steps are included:
Step1: through abdomen scanning bladder, ultrasound obtains bladder two dimensional image, the display depth of fixed sound window, as far as possible by wing
Guang boundary offers a clear explanation, and appropriate pressurization of popping one's head in, dynamics homeostasis shows bladder in the case where not influencing bladder substantially form as far as possible
The maximum cross-section of median sagittal plane, i.e. median sagittal plane D1；
Step2: probe is rotated by 90 ° counterclockwise, repeats the step in Step1, obtains bladder maximum cross section, i.e., transversal
Face D2；
Step3: rotating clockwise 45 ° for probe on the basis of D1, repeat the step in Step1, and it is left tiltedly to obtain bladder
The maximum cross-section of section, i.e. left tilted surface D3；
Step4: rotating clockwise 45 ° for probe on the basis of D2, repeat the step in Step1, and it is right tiltedly to obtain bladder
The maximum cross-section in face, i.e. right tilted surface D4；
Step5: the central point Q of median sagittal plane is positioned；
Step6: measurement median sagittal plane D1, left tilted surface D3 and right tilted surface D4；
Step7: measurement cross section D2；
Step8: the actual volume of bladder is calculated according to formula.
The localization method of central point Q in the Step5 is by two sampling radial lines of d1 and d2 on median sagittal plane D1
It is Q that intersection, which obtains intersection point,.
Sampling radial line d1, d2, d3 and d4 are provided on median sagittal plane D1 in the Step6；
Sampling radial line d1 on D1 are as follows: orificium urethrae internum-bladder top front, about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；On D1
Sample radial line d2 are as follows: maximum anteroposterior diameter, i.e., 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d3 on D1 are as follows: through Q point make up and down diameter, i.e., 9
O'clock to 3 o'clock lines；Sampling radial line d4 on D1 are as follows: bladder front lower place is through Q point to back upper place, about 1-2 point to 7-8 point line.
Sampling radial line d5, d6, d7 and d8 are symmetrically arranged on left tilted surface D3 in the Step6；
Sampling radial line d5 on D3 are as follows: 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d6 on D3 are as follows: 9 points to 3 lines；On D3
Sampling radial line d7 are as follows: about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d8 on D3 are as follows: about 1-2 point to 7-8 point line.
Sampling radial line d9, d10, d11 and d12 are symmetrically arranged on right tilted surface D4 in the Step3；
Sampling radial line d9 on D4 are as follows: 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d10 on D4 are as follows: 9 points to 3 lines；D4
On sampling radial line d11 are as follows: about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d12 on D4 are as follows: about 1-2 point to 7-8 point connects
Line.
Sampling radial line d13, d14, d15 and d16 are symmetrically arranged on cross section D2 in the Step7；
This face should show the maximum cross section of bladder as far as possible, in principle this bread point containing Q, the sampling radial line d13 on D2 are as follows:
12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d14 on D2 are as follows: maximum transverse diameter, 9 points to 3 lines；Sampling radial line d15 on D2 are as follows:
Through Q point make it is left back-right before maximum diameter, about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d16 on D2 are as follows: after Q point makees the right side-
Left front maximum diameter, about 7-8 point are to 1-2 point line.
The sampling radial line d13 on sampling the radial line d9 and D2 on sampling radial line d5, D4 on D3 should be with the sampling diameter on D1
Line d2 is equal or close, and error controls within 0.5cm as far as possible.
The sampling radial line on sampling the radial line d10 and D2 on sampling radial line d6, D4 on sampling radial line d3, D3 on D1
D14 should be measured away from the same depth of body surface.
Median sagittal plane D1, cross section D2, left tilted surface D3 and 4 sampling radial lines of each section right tilted surface D4 are both needed to through Q
Point cross, and the sampling radial line in every face cross after substantially in " rice " font arrange.
Calculation formula in the Step8 are as follows:
V=1/6π[(d1+d2+…+d16)/16]3(1)
In formula: V is the volume of bladder to be measured, and unit is milliliter；π is pi, value 3.1415926；d1…d16
For the sampling diameter line length on the median sagittal plane D1, cross section D2, left tilted surface D3 and the right tilted surface D4 that measure, unit is centimetre,
It is accurate to 2 significant digits.
The method have the advantages that:
1, Bladder Volume is calculated by using above-mentioned measurement method, obtained by measurement of the invention, calculation method
Data and actual quantity deviation are more accurate than other traditional measurement methods, compared with new-type measurement method, invention measurement,
Calculation method is not necessarily to high expense, and measurement process is succinct, spends the time less, and ordinary ultrasonic machine can be used.
2, operation result is compared with existing conventional method calculated result, closer to actual data value, and if it is desired to
Obtain more accurate data value, the multiple in sampling face can be increased, as 4*2=8,4*3=12 ..., while sampling the number of line
Amount also will with the quantity in face increase and increase, as the face 4* number, the face 8* number, the face 16* number ....Due in practical operation, measurement is
Than relatively time-consuming process, therefore, measurement method of the present invention be set to 1 point, 4 faces, 16 lines measurement pattern, efficiency connects very much
Nearly real data can save the operating time, while guarantee the practicability and accuracy of data.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of computation model of the invention, the central point that 1 point — that is, 16 lines cross.
Fig. 2 is the cutting plane structural schematic diagram of computation model of the invention, 4 faces — that is, 4 regular octahedrons along same plane,
Same axis is rotatably arranged, two 45 degree of adjacent surface angulations.
Fig. 3 is present invention determine that bit map/bitmap, the i.e. dial plate of similar to Clock and Watch used in 16 sampling radial line d1 ... d16.
Fig. 4 is that median sagittal plane D1 of the present invention up-samples radial line layout drawing.
Fig. 5 is that left tilted surface D3 of the present invention up-samples radial line layout drawing.
Fig. 6 is that right tilted surface D4 of the present invention up-samples radial line layout drawing.
Fig. 7 is that cross section D2 of the present invention up-samples radial line layout drawing.
Fig. 8 is the two dimensional image for four sections of bladder that the present invention is obtained using ultrasound in the specific implementation process.
Fig. 9 is the clinical bladder actual volume measured using urination method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 7, Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen, it the following steps are included:
Step1: through abdomen scanning bladder, ultrasound obtains bladder two dimensional image, the display depth of fixed sound window, as far as possible by wing
Guang boundary offers a clear explanation, and appropriate pressurization of popping one's head in, dynamics homeostasis shows bladder in the case where not influencing bladder substantially form as far as possible
The maximum cross-section of median sagittal plane, i.e. median sagittal plane D1；
Step2: probe is rotated by 90 ° counterclockwise, repeats the step in Step1, obtains bladder maximum cross section, i.e., transversal
Face D2；
Step3: rotating clockwise 45 ° for probe on the basis of D1, repeat the step in Step1, and it is left tiltedly to obtain bladder
The maximum cross-section of section, i.e. left tilted surface D3；
Step4: rotating clockwise 45 ° for probe on the basis of D2, repeat the step in Step1, and it is right tiltedly to obtain bladder
The maximum cross-section in face, i.e. right tilted surface D4；
Step5: the central point Q of median sagittal plane is positioned；
Step6: measurement median sagittal plane D1, left tilted surface D3 and right tilted surface D4；
Step7: measurement cross section D2；
Step8: the actual volume of bladder is calculated according to formula.
Further, the localization method of the central point Q in the Step5 is by the d1 and d2 two on median sagittal plane D1
It is Q that item, which samples radial line intersection and obtains intersection point,.
Further, sampling radial line d1, d2, d3 and d4 are provided on the median sagittal plane D1 in the Step6；
Further, the sampling radial line d1 on D1 are as follows: orificium urethrae internum-bladder top front, about 4-5 point to 10-11 point connect
Line；Sampling radial line d2 on D1 are as follows: maximum anteroposterior diameter, i.e., 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d3 on D1 are as follows: through on Q point work
Lower diameter, i.e., 9 points to 3 lines；Sampling radial line d4 on D1 are as follows: bladder front lower place is through Q point to back upper place, about 1-2 point to 7-8 point
Line.
Further, sampling radial line d5, d6, d7 and d8 are symmetrically arranged on the left tilted surface D3 in the Step6；
Further, the sampling radial line d5 on D3 are as follows: 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d6 on D3 are as follows: 9 points to 3 points
Line；Sampling radial line d7 on D3 are as follows: about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d8 on D3 are as follows: about 1-2 point to 7-8
Point line.
Further, sampling radial line d9, d10, d11 and d12 are symmetrically arranged on the right tilted surface D4 in the Step3；
Further, the sampling radial line d9 on D4 are as follows: 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d10 on D4 are as follows: 9 points to 3
Point line；Sampling radial line d11 on D4 are as follows: about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d12 on D4 are as follows: about 1-2 point is extremely
7-8 point line.
Further, sampling radial line d13, d14, d15 and d16 are symmetrically arranged on the cross section D2 in the Step7；
Further, this face should show the maximum cross section of bladder as far as possible, in principle this bread point containing Q, the sampling on D2
Radial line d13 are as follows: 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d14 on D2 are as follows: maximum transverse diameter, 9 points to 3 lines；Sampling on D2
Radial line d15 are as follows: through Q point make it is left back-right before maximum diameter, about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d16 on D2 are as follows: through Q
Point make it is right after-left front maximum diameter, about 7-8 point to 1-2 point line.
Further, on D3 sampling radial line d5, D4 on sampling radial line d9 and D2 on sampling radial line d13 should on D1
Sampling radial line d2 it is equal or close, error controls within 0.5cm as far as possible.
Further, on sampling the radial line d10 and D2 on sampling radial line d6, D4 on sampling radial line d3, D3 on D1
Sampling radial line d14 should be measured away from the same depth of body surface.
Further, 4 sampling diameters of median sagittal plane D1, cross section D2, left tilted surface D3 and each section right tilted surface D4
Line is both needed to cross through Q point, and the sampling radial line in every face cross after substantially in " rice " font arrange.
Further, the calculation formula in the Step8 are as follows:
V=1/6π[(d1+d2+…+d16)/16]3(1)
In formula: V is the volume of bladder to be measured, and unit is milliliter；π is pi, value 3.1415926；d1…d16
For the sampling diameter line length on the median sagittal plane D1, cross section D2, left tilted surface D3 and the right tilted surface D4 that measure, unit is centimetre,
It is accurate to 2 significant digits.
Embodiment 2:
The course of work and working principle of the invention are as follows:
The present invention is broadly divided into two parts to realize, first is that measurement, second is that calculating.
Measurement method is mainly built upon what inventor carried out from the theoretical basis of wound.
The theory is i.e.: the spherosome assuming that object A (VA=VB) identical as object B volume, A are positive, B is anomalistic object,
In so object A and object B the quantity of the point of minimum unit, straight line composed by the point of these minimum units away from
From being equal.If the intracavitary point Q centered on taking arbitrary point of object B, and B surface arbitrary point can straight line connect central point Q, that
The average value of all diameter line length summations by central point is centainly equal with the diameter of A in the irregularity body.
Derive as a result, an anomalistic object, its it is intracavitary take certain point Q, and do corresponding N equal portions diameter through the Q point
Line sampling, then, sampling line it is more, the average value found out closer to its form be sphere when diameter value.
In order to guarantee precision, while measurement operation duration is reduced, improves the actual clinical of present invention measurement, calculation method
Application value, take 1 point, 4 faces, 16 lines measurement pattern, an anomalistic object can virtually be become into an approximate spheres
32 face bodies substitute into sphere volume calculation formula and obtain volume data using the average value of 16 lines,
V=1/6π[(d1+d2+…+d16)/16]3。
π=3.1415926
D1, d2 ... d16 is 16 sampling radial line length values
Operation result is compared with existing conventional method calculated result, closer to actual data value.
If it is intended to obtaining more accurate data value, the multiple in sampling face can be increased, as 4*2=8,4*3=12 ...,
Sampling the quantity of line simultaneously will also increase with the quantity in face and be increased, as the face 4* number, the face 8* number, the face 16* number ....Due to reality
Border operation in, measurement be than relatively time-consuming process, therefore, measurement method of the present invention be set to 1 point, 4 faces, 16 lines measurement pattern,
Its efficiency very close to real data, can save the operating time, while guaranteeing the practicability and accuracy of data.
Based on above-mentioned theoretical basis, the present invention is applied to clinic, by using the above method to the volume of bladder
It measures, and then substitutes traditional measurement method.
Central point shown such as Fig. 1, that as 1 point — that is, 16 lines cross, and the point centered on Q.
Shown such as Fig. 2,4 faces — that is, 4 regular octahedrons are rotatably arranged along same plane, same axis, two adjacent surface angulations
45 degree.
Shown such as Fig. 3-7, each face is polygon-octagonal in 16 lines — that is, above-mentioned 4 faces, each octagonal have 4 it is right
There are 16 diagonal lines in linea angulata, 4 faces.
Embodiment 3:
Such as Fig. 8-9, Fig. 8 (a) and (b), (c) and (d) are the present invention in the specific implementation process using the ultrasonic bladder obtained
The two dimensional image of four sections.
The first step, the bladder two dimensional image obtained through abdomen scanning bladder, ultrasound, the display depth of fixed sound window, as far as possible
Bladder boundary is offered a clear explanation, appropriate pressurization of popping one's head in, dynamics homeostasis is shown as far as possible in the case where not influencing bladder substantially form
Bladder median sagittal plane D1, i.e. catheter long axis view or urethra long axis view, maximum cross section D2.Left tilted surface D3, right tilted surface
D4 is that rotating detector about 45o clockwise, counterclockwise is obtained respectively on the basis of median sagittal plane.Above-mentioned 4 sections are in principle
It is that probe rotates acquisition in the same axial direction.
Second step, the localization method (i.e. central point in 1: 4 face, 16 line, be named as Q point) of Q point
Bladder median sagittal plane d1, d2 diameter intersection point makes Q point setting in the substantial middle area of bladder as far as possible as Q point.
Third step, sagittal plane and inclined-plane measurement method
Median sagittal plane: (the maximum front and back d1 (orificium urethrae internum-bladder top front, about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line), d2
Diameter, 12 points to 6 lines), d3(makees diameter up and down, 9 points to 3 lines through Q point), d4(bladder front lower place through Q point to back upper place,
About 1-2 point is to 7-8 point line).
Left tilted surface: d5(12 point to 6 lines), d6(9 point to 3 lines), d7(about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line) and, d8
(about 1-2 point to 7-8 point line)；
Right tilted surface: d9(12 point to 6 lines), d10(9 point to 3 lines), d11(about 4-5 point to 10-11 point line),
D12(about 1-2 point is to 7-8 point line).
4th step, cross section measurement method
This face should show the maximum cross section of bladder as far as possible, in principle this bread point containing Q；
D13(12 point is to 6 lines), d14(maximum transverse diameter, 9 points to 3 lines), d15(through Q point make it is left back-right before most
Major diameter, about 4-5 point are to 10-11 point line), d16(through Q point make it is right after-left front maximum diameter, about 7-8 point to 1-2 point line).
Above-mentioned 4 faces, 4 diagonal lines in each face, line are substantially arranged in " rice " font after crossing.
D5, d9, d13 in principle should be equal or close with d2, and error controls within 0.5cm as far as possible, and d3, d6, d10 should be
It being measured away from the same depth of body surface, 4 radial lines of above-mentioned each section are both needed to cross through Q point, it can substantially be arranged in " rice " font,
When measurement, as far as possible by corner with respect to.
5th step brings data into and calculates volume
V=1/6π[(d1+d2+…+d16)/16]3
≈0.1666*3.1415*[(6.55+6.00+7.62+8.82+6.09+8.11+7.09+8.64+6.00+7.83+
7.11+9.21+6.55+10.30+9.20+9.83)/16] 3
≈0.523*[106.31/13] 3
≈0.523*8.183
≈286 ml
6th step, error analysis
It is 290ml by the way that practical urethral catheterization amount can be read in Fig. 9, and measurement through the invention, calculation method calculate
The data arrived are 286ml, with actual error 4ml.Pass throughV=0.52×d1×d2×The data that d3 is calculated are V=0.52×7.62×6.55×10.3268 ml of ≈, when coefficient is changed to 0.7V=0.7×7.62×6.55×10.3≈359ml。
Thus, it is possible to obtain using measurement of the invention, calculation method the data obtained and actual quantity deviation than other
Traditional measurement method is accurate, and compared with new-type measurement method, the invention measurement, calculation method are not necessarily to high expense, and
And measurement process is succinct, spends the time less, ordinary ultrasonic machine can be used.
Through the above description, those skilled in the art completely can be in the model without departing from this invention technical idea
In enclosing, various changes and amendments are carried out all within protection scope of the present invention.Unaccomplished matter of the invention, belongs to ability
The common knowledge of field technique personnel.
Claims (9)
1. under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method, which is characterized in that it the following steps are included:
Step1: through abdomen scanning bladder, ultrasound obtains bladder two dimensional image, the display depth of fixed sound window, as far as possible by bladder side
Boundary offers a clear explanation, and appropriate pressurization of popping one's head in, dynamics homeostasis shows that bladder is hit exactly in the case where not influencing bladder substantially form as far as possible
The maximum cross-section of sagittal plane, i.e. median sagittal plane D1；
Step2: probe is rotated by 90 ° counterclockwise, repeats the step in Step1, obtains bladder maximum cross section, i.e. cross section
D2；
Step3: probe is rotated clockwise 45 ° on the basis of D1, repeats the step in Step1, obtains the left scarf of bladder
Maximum cross-section, i.e. left tilted surface D3；
Step4: probe is rotated clockwise 45 ° on the basis of D2, repeats the step in Step1, obtains bladder right tilted surface
Maximum cross-section, i.e. right tilted surface D4；
Step5: the central point Q of median sagittal plane is positioned；
Step6: measurement median sagittal plane D1, left tilted surface D3 and right tilted surface D4；
Step7: measurement cross section D2；
Step8: the actual volume of bladder is calculated according to formula；
Calculation formula in the Step8 are as follows:
V= π[(d1+d2+…+d16)/16]3/ 6 (1)
In formula: V is the volume of bladder to be measured, and unit is milliliter；π is pi, value 3.1415926；D1 ... d16 is to survey
Median sagittal plane D1, cross section D2, the sampling diameter line length on left tilted surface D3 and right tilted surface D4, unit is centimetre, accurately
To 2 significant digits.
2. Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The localization method of central point Q in the Step5 is to obtain two sampling radial line intersections of d1 and d2 on median sagittal plane D1
Intersection point is Q.
3. Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Sampling radial line d1, d2, d3 and d4 are provided on median sagittal plane D1 in the Step6；
Sampling radial line d1 on D1 are as follows: orificium urethrae internum-bladder top front, 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling diameter on D1
Line d2 are as follows: maximum anteroposterior diameter, i.e., 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d3 on D1 are as follows: through Q point make up and down diameter, i.e., 9 points to 3 points
Line；Sampling radial line d4 on D1 are as follows: bladder front lower place is through Q point to back upper place, 1-2 point to 7-8 point line.
4. Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Sampling radial line d5, d6, d7 and d8 are symmetrically arranged on left tilted surface D3 in the Step6；
Sampling radial line d5 on D3 are as follows: 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d6 on D3 are as follows: 9 points to 3 lines；Adopting on D3
Sample radial line d7 are as follows: 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d8 on D3 are as follows: 1-2 point to 7-8 point line.
5. Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Sampling radial line d9, d10, d11 and d12 are symmetrically arranged on right tilted surface D4 in the Step3；
Sampling radial line d9 on D4 are as follows: 12 points to 6 lines；Sampling radial line d10 on D4 are as follows: 9 points to 3 lines；On D4
Sample radial line d11 are as follows: 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d12 on D4 are as follows: 1-2 point to 7-8 point line.
6. Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Sampling radial line d13, d14, d15 and d16 are symmetrically arranged on cross section D2 in the Step7；
This face should show the maximum cross section of bladder as far as possible, this bread point containing Q, the sampling radial line d13 on D2 are as follows: 12 points to 6 points
Line；Sampling radial line d14 on D2 are as follows: maximum transverse diameter, 9 points to 3 lines；Sampling radial line d15 on D2 are as follows: make through Q point left
Maximum diameter before afterwards-right side, 4-5 point to 10-11 point line；Sampling radial line d16 on D2 are as follows: through Q point make it is right after-left front maximum diameter,
7-8 point is to 1-2 point line.
7. Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The sampling radial line d13 on sampling the radial line d9 and D2 on sampling radial line d5, D4 on D3 should be equal with the sampling radial line d2 on D1
Or it is close, error controls within 0.5cm as far as possible.
8. Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
On D1 sampling radial line d3, D3 on sampling radial line d6, D4 on sampling radial line d10 and D2 on sampling radial line d14 should away from
The same depth of body surface measures.
9. Bladder Volume measurement, calculation method under a kind of two-dimensional ultrasound through abdomen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Median sagittal plane D1, cross section D2, left tilted surface D3 and 4 sampling radial lines of each section right tilted surface D4 are both needed to cross through Q point, and
The sampling radial line in every face is substantially arranged in " rice " font after crossing.
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| US5964710A (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 1999-10-12 | Srs Medical, Inc. | System for estimating bladder volume |
| CN1246944A (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 2000-03-08 | Ge医疗系统有限公司 | Semiautomatic segmentation method for estimating three-D volumes |
| CN102274051A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-12-14 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Method and system for automatically measuring bladder volume of ultrasonic image |
| CN103750863A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 绵阳美科电子设备有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic volume measuring probe and measuring method thereof |
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| GB2391625A (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-11 | Diagnostic Ultrasound Europ B | Instantaneous ultrasonic echo measurement of bladder urine volume with a limited number of ultrasound beams |
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| CN1246944A (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 2000-03-08 | Ge医疗系统有限公司 | Semiautomatic segmentation method for estimating three-D volumes |
| US5964710A (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 1999-10-12 | Srs Medical, Inc. | System for estimating bladder volume |
| CN102274051A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-12-14 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Method and system for automatically measuring bladder volume of ultrasonic image |
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