CN1073049C - Improved process for recovering acidic gases - Google Patents

Improved process for recovering acidic gases Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1073049C
CN1073049C CN89103780A CN89103780A CN1073049C CN 1073049 C CN1073049 C CN 1073049C CN 89103780 A CN89103780 A CN 89103780A CN 89103780 A CN89103780 A CN 89103780A CN 1073049 C CN1073049 C CN 1073049C
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aqueous solution
alkanolamine
regenerated
carbon dioxide
carbonic acid
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN89103780A
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CN1048204A (en
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奥利·L·小里格斯
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Kerr McGee Chemical Corp
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Kerr McGee Chemical Corp
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Priority claimed from US07/190,838 external-priority patent/US4869884A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

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  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an improved method for separating and recovering acidic gases contained in mixed air flow. The improved method comprises the following steps: cooling an alkanolamine aqueous solution which comprises alkanolamine whose maximum concentration range is about 20% (weight) and is regenerated in the technological process to the highest temperature range of about 35 DEG C, and leading the cooled regenerated solution to an absorption region so as to enable the solution to be in contact with mixed air flow containing acidic gases. In the majority of the absorption region, the regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution basically keeps the temperature at which the aqueous solution is cooled.

Description

Reclaim improving one's methods of sour gas
The present invention relates to separate and reclaim the improvement of the method for sour gas contained in the mixed airflow, the processing that especially relates to the stack gas that contains carbonic acid gas reaches from wherein separating and reclaim the innovative approach of the method for carbonic acid gas.
There have been many kinds from mixed airflow, to separate the method that for example resembles carbonic acid gas, sulfurous gas, hydrogen sulfide and so on sour gas.The method of these sour gas of separation of a kind of success especially and widespread use is usually said " girbotol process ".This method (see Kirk-othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology Vol.1,2ed<1969〉821-822 page or leaf) except that being used for selexol process, also be used for separating and to reclaim the carbonic acid gas of stack gas (the same, Vol.4,2ed<1969 〉, 362 pages).In United States Patent (USP) NO.RE 18985 (on September 26th, 1933 issued), can find more complete and detailed description about this method.
Put it briefly " girbotol process " can regard a kind of two step method as, in first step, the gas mixture inlet air flow that contains sour gas contacts with alkanolamine or chain triacontanol amine solution at a suitable uptake zone.This contact is carried out in a certain temperature and pressure operational condition scope.No matter final purpose is to reclaim sour gas contained in the mixed airflow or only to the mixed airflow desulfurization etc., the specified conditions that are used for this contact will depend on the character and the employed alkanolamine of the mixed airflow through being subject to processing.About this point, already used operational condition in the first step of this method of realization, the temperature of for example have an appointment 80 (26 ℃) to about 150 (65 ℃) reaches from normal atmosphere to about 1000 pounds of/square inch (70.3kg/cm 2) pressure (see Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Tech-nology, Vol.1,2ed,<1969〉822 page).Under these conditions, sour gas combines sour gas/alkanolamine product that formation dissolves in alkanolamine with alkanolamine, thereby sour gas is separated from the mixed airflow through being subject to processing.
In second step of this method, sour gas/alkanolamine product discharges and is input to a suitable alkanolamine or chain triacontanol amine solution breeding blanket from the uptake zone.In this breeding blanket, the sour gas that produces in the uptake zone/alkanolamine product is decomposed, each sour gas and alkanolamine or chain triacontanol amine solution obtain regeneration simultaneously, and this regeneration step is to realize by sour gas/alkanolamine product being heated to the temperature of using in the first step (being absorption step) that is much higher than this method.The most frequently used temperature range is that about 220 °F (104 ℃) are to 240 °F (115 ℃) in second step.Through sending the uptake zone back to after regenerated alkanolamine or the chain triacontanol amine solution cooling, in the uptake zone, be used to handle the next batch mixed airflow.Sour gas can emit, if carbonic acid gas then can reclaim for further handling.
Usually, design and make the equipment that is used for aforesaid method according to predetermined operational condition.These conditions comprise: the composition of pending mixed gas inlet air flow and character, used alkanolamine and the effect when using in solution thereof, temperature and pressure or the like.After these operational conditions are determined, just can be easy to determine the parts of the needed suitable dimension of this equipment.But in case build up, the maximum capacity of aforesaid device is relatively-stationary, just can not increase its maximum capacity if do not carry out bigger transformation.Therefore, in aforesaid method, can increase any innovative approach that sour gas in the air-flow separates and don't need carry out the equipment based on aforesaid method bigger reconstruction, all be the marked improvement in this technical field.
The present invention relates to from a kind of mixed gas inlet air flow to separate and to reclaim the innovative approach of the continuation method of sour gas, especially relate to the improvement of following continuation method: isolate sour gas by the mixed gas inlet air flow is contacted with the regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution in the uptake zone in the method.Contact causes forming the rich sour gas effluent liquid stream that contains sour gas/alkanolamine product in this.The effluent liquid stream of this rich sour gas reclaims and delivers into the breeding blanket from the uptake zone.In the breeding blanket, this effluent liquid stream is heated to above the temperature of zone of action, thereby makes the sour gas/alkanolamine reaction product decomposes generation sour gas that generates in the zone of action and make the regeneration of the alkanolamine aqueous solution.Sour gas reclaims from the breeding blanket as the cat head effluent stream, and the regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution reclaims from the breeding blanket as effluent liquid stream.A kind of liquid stream in back is recovered and is recycled to the uptake zone, is used for handling the charge air flow of next batch acid gas-containing.
Innovative approach of the present invention relates to the absorption stage of aforesaid method.Itself comprises innovative approach, the regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution is imported the uptake zone, the above-mentioned regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution contains the most about 20% (weight) of alkanolamine concentration range, this regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution is remained on be not more than about 35 ℃ temperature range.Use the result who improves one's methods of the present invention, improved the segregation ratio of sour gas, thereby improved the actual quantity of separation and restored acid gas.
Unique accompanying drawing represent in the method general step and the schematic illustration of material flow.Innovative approach of the present invention is to be fit to this method.
Have now found that, implement the absorption rate that corrective measure of the present invention can improve in containing certain sour gas or some and plant the air-flow of sour gas this sour gas or acid gas mixture. Put it briefly, of the present invention improving one's methods comprises, that use produces in technical process, have alkanolamine concentration range maximum and be about the preferably about 15% alkanolamine aqueous solution to about 20% (weight) of 20% (weight), be cooled to be enough to make this solution in most of uptake zone, to remain on the highest about 35 ℃ temperature as absorbent and with the alkanolamine aqueous solution of regeneration.
Describe in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and consist of step of the present invention and corrective measure. For convenience of explanation, the below just utilizes the MEA aqueous solution of regenerating in the technical process to come the about 135 ℃ of situations to about 140 ℃ carbon dioxide enriched boiler flue of temperature ranges that the present invention is described as absorbent. This flue gas is through the bottom of piping 12 input uptake zones 14, and the bottom of flue gas input uptake zone 14 also upwards flows through uptake zone 14, and it contacts with the MEA water solution flow of the regeneration that flows downward at this. Effective the contact in fact between the MEA aqueous solution of the flue gas of adverse current and regeneration carried out among a pair of absorber portion 15 and 16 that is positioned at 14 tops, uptake zone. Usually, absorber portion 15 and 16 comprises the various packing materials that are supported, such as labor Shen (Raushing) ring, Lai Xin (Lessing) ring, Bel (Berl) saddle packing, Ying Teluokesi (Intalox) saddle packing etc. or a series of tower tray, for example bubble-cap and screen tray.
The regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous solution is by pipeline 32 and a top that is set directly at the dispenser device (not shown) importing uptake zone 14 of absorber portion 15 tops.According to innovative approach of the present invention, the regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous solution will be cooled to a certain temperature and be imported into uptake zone 14 under this temperature.Said temperature remains unchanged basically in most of zone of uptake zone 14.About this point, when the regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous solution is cooled to about 80F (26 ℃) extremely during the temperature range of about 95 (35 ℃) by pipeline 32 input uptake zones 14 and dispenser device (not shown), this solution will remain in this temperature range in the major part of uptake zone 14.Mean that according to " major part " term the moisture monoethanolamine solution of regeneration remains in the said temperature scope in the absorber portion of uptake zone accounts for overall 50% scope at least.With reference to the accompanying drawings, this " major part " is equivalent to the whole absorber portion 15 of uptake zone 14.Temperature by the moisture monoethanolamine solution of regeneration in the whole absorber portion 15 of uptake zone 14 remains within the said temperature scope, improves the carbon dioxide absorption rate that is mixed in the carbon dioxide enriched boiler flue by the moisture monoethanolamine solution of regeneration.Especially found through experiments, temperature by the moisture monoethanolamine solution of regenerating is maintained at about 26 ℃ to about 35 ℃ temperature range, and the specific absorption of using this solution to obtain than when being higher than 36 ℃ by this solution carbon dioxide absorption rate can improve about 5% to 10%.According to the result of the above-mentioned raising specific absorption that obtains, do not need the equipment sequence that is used for implementing present method is carried out the actual quantity that bigger expansion just can improve the carbonic acid gas of recovery.
As mentioned above, 14 cause generating soluble carbonic acid gas/monoethanolamine reaction product by the moisture monoethanolamine solution absorbing carbon dioxide of regenerating in the uptake zone, and the result forms a kind of poor carbonic acid gas overfire air stream and a kind of carbon dioxide enriched effluent liquid stream.14 discharges also can enter the atmosphere by pipeline 17 poor carbonic acid gas overfire air stream from the uptake zone by a pipeline 17.Carbon dioxide enriched effluent liquid stream 14 is discharged and is transported to heat exchange zone 20 by pipeline 18 from the uptake zone by a pipeline 18, transfers to the top of breeding blanket 24 again by pipeline 22.
Carbon dioxide enriched effluent liquid stream is by being heated to about 220 °F (104 ℃) in breeding blanket 24, decomposes and separates to the temperature range of about 240 (115 ℃).Decomposing required heat can provide by the stream that boils again of discharging from the monoethanolamine aqueous solution storage tank of the poor carbonic acid gas that is arranged in 24 bottoms, breeding blanket.Boil circulation piping 36 again and from this storage tank, discharge, behind reboiler 38, return breeding blanket 24 by pipeline 44 again.The steam that utilization is reclaimed from reboiler by steam-pipe 40 input reboilers 38 and by steam condenser pipe 42 is to boiling the stream heat supply again, boil again stream be heated to from about 104 ℃ to about 115 ℃ temperature range, when it turns back to breeding blanket 24 by pipeline 44, just provide the carbon dioxide enriched effluent liquid of decomposition to flow needed heat.
As mentioned above, carbon dioxide enriched effluent liquid stream resolves into the effluent liquid stream of carbon dioxide enriched cat head effluent stream and poor carbonic acid gas in breeding blanket 24.Carbon dioxide enriched overhead streams goes out air communication piping 46 discharges on 24 tops from the breeding blanket, by condenser 48 so that the monoethanolamine solution condensation of wherein carrying secretly enters reception area 50 then.The monoethanolamine solution that contains and be condensed in carbon dioxide enriched cat head effluent stream is collected in the reception area 50.The monoethanolamine of condensation turns back to the top of breeding blanket 24 from reception area 50 by pipeline 52.Carbonic acid gas in the uncooled cat head effluent stream that is included in carbonic acid gas reclaims from reception area 50 by pipeline 54.
The monoethanolamine aqueous solution that the regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous solution accumulates in the bottom of breeding blanket 24 and forms above-mentioned poor carbonic acid gas is accumulated.This accumulating further provides regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous solution source, and this solution is recycled to uptake zone 14 and is used therein.This regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous solution is delivered to heat exchange zone 20 by pipeline 26 24 discharges from the breeding blanket, it and the carbon dioxide enriched effluent liquid stream generation indirect heat exchange that flows into by pipeline 18 at this.Resulting refrigerative monoethanolamine solution is discharged from heat exchange zone 20 by pipeline 28, and imports the top of uptake zone 14 again by pump 30 and pipeline 32.
Will be before the overcooled regeneration monoethanolamine aqueous solution imports uptake zone 14 again, by a water cooler 34 make its further be cooled to about 26 ℃ to about 35 ℃ temperature range.In addition, regulate the monoethanolamine concentration in the regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous solution as required, so that the about 15% required monoethanolamine concentration to about 20% (weight) to be provided.If need to add monoethanolamine, it can be in this system arbitrary position between uptake zone 14 and the breeding blanket 24 be input in the backhaul of the regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous solution (not shown equipment therefor).
Find that in the embodiment of this invention the regenerated monoethanolamine aqueous temperature in uptake zone 14 was very important, the concentration of this solution also was very crucial.For example have been found that under the lesser temps that uses in the present invention that the per-cent variation of absorption rate of carbon dioxide begins to reduce if the monoethanolamine concentration of aqueous solution surpasses about 20% (weight).According to instruction among the United States Patent (USP) NO.RE18985 and hint, this discovery is unexpected.This patent is pointed out clearly, preferentially selects the alkanolamine of viscosity higher for use, and trolamine for example is because this viscosity higher helps to obtain higher acid gas absorption speed.The meaning below implying in this patent, the low viscosity alkanolamine of the use high density for example solution of monoethanolamine also helps to obtain higher uptake rate.But shown in following data, though actual absorption speed improves with strength of solution, the concentration that the per-cent of carbon dioxide absorption rate changes with the monoethanolamine aqueous solution surpasses about 20% (weight) and significantly reduction.
The following examples only provide for the present invention is described, are not to be used for limiting the scope of the invention.In these embodiments, all umbers or percentage ratio all are meant weight except as otherwise noted.
Embodiment
To the monoethanolamine aqueous solution that the saturated chamber adding of the round shape gas 25ml of sintered glass dividing plate is housed in its underpart.This chamber and the monoethanolamine aqueous solution that is mounted in it equilibrate to a steady temperature in a constant temperature oil bath.After reaching temperature equilibrium, carbonic acid gas is imported in this chamber continuously by the inlet mouth that is arranged on sintered glass dividing plate below.Unabsorbed carbonic acid gas is discharged by the air outlet that is arranged on this top, chamber.The time that carbonic acid gas is transfused to this chamber is one hour.
When the above-mentioned time finished, the chamber of containing the monoethanolamine aqueous solution was cooled to room temperature, reclaims this monoethanolamine aqueous solution and analyzes carbon dioxide content.
As mentioned above, a series of experimental results that the monoethanolamine aqueous solution of use different concns carries out under differing temps are listed in table I and II.The table III comprises the viscosity data about the monoethanolamine aqueous solution that uses under above-mentioned differing temps.
The carbonic acid gas of table I when monoethanolamine solution concentration (weight %) is following numerical value
Specific absorption (Grams Per Minute)
Sequence number Temperature ℃ 15 20 25 30
A B C 49 39 35 2.65 2.69 2.84 3.47 3.54 3.81 3.88 3.90 4.11 4.01 4.05 4.21
The table II increases carbonic acid gas between 5% (weight) one by one in monoethanolamine concentration
The per-cent of specific absorption changes
Sequence number Temperature ℃ 15-20 20-25 25-30
A B C 49 39 35 30.9 31.6 34.0 11.8 10.2 7.9 3.3 3.8 2.4
The viscosity (CP) of the monoethanolamine solution of table III when concentration (weight %) is following numerical value *
Sequence number Temperature ℃ 15 20 25 30
A B C 49 39 35 0.94 1.14 1.22 1.08 1.22 1.42 1.22 1.54 1.66 1.42 1.79 1.99
* the CP-centipoise is measured under 60 rev/mins of operations with the Brookfield viscometer (DV-2 type) of a ultralow adapter is housed.
Can find out obviously that from the data of table II and III the per-cent of carbon dioxide absorption rate changes with strength of solution and increases (increasing with soltion viscosity) and when significantly reducing especially strength of solution and surpassing about 20% (weight)
Though according to be considered to preferred specific embodiments described constitute method of the present invention self-evident can be under the situation that does not exceed the spirit and scope of the present invention to its changes and improvements.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of continuation method that from carbon dioxide enriched air-flow, reclaims carbonic acid gas, the absorber portion of this air-flow in the uptake zone contacted with a kind of alkanolamine aqueous solution, form the cat head effluent stream of poor carbonic acid gas and carbon dioxide enriched effluent liquid stream, carbon dioxide enriched effluent liquid stream is heated in the breeding blanket, form the effluent liquid stream of carbon dioxide enriched cat head effluent stream and poor carbonic acid gas, above-mentioned poor carbonic acid gas effluent liquid stream has closed the regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution, this regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution is sent back in the uptake zone again, and the innovative approach of this method comprises:
Make temperature T that the regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution is cooled to be enough to make this solution in the absorber portion of at least 50% uptake zone, keep not being higher than 32 ℃ temperature, the scope that the above-mentioned regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution contains the concentration C of alkanolamine is 15%<C≤20% (weight), and will import the uptake zone through the overcooled regeneration alkanolamine aqueous solution, so that it contacts above-mentioned carbon dioxide enriched air-flow and from wherein removing carbonic acid gas in absorber portion.
2, according to the continuation method of claim 1, wherein the temperature T of the regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution is cooled to the scope of 26≤T<32 ℃.
3, according to the continuation method of claim 1, wherein the alkanolamine in the regenerated alkanolamine aqueous solution is a monoethanolamine.
CN89103780A 1988-05-06 1989-06-17 Improved process for recovering acidic gases Expired - Fee Related CN1073049C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/190,838 US4869884A (en) 1988-05-06 1988-05-06 Process for recovering acidic gases

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CN1048204A CN1048204A (en) 1991-01-02
CN1073049C true CN1073049C (en) 2001-10-17

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BG (1) BG60008A3 (en)
BR (1) BR8907421A (en)
RO (1) RO105105B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4231735B2 (en) * 2003-02-04 2009-03-04 新日本製鐵株式会社 Method and apparatus for separating and recovering carbon dioxide
CN101837236B (en) * 2009-12-29 2013-02-27 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Flue gas desulfurization method
CN102351624B (en) * 2011-08-24 2013-12-11 西安交通大学 System for preparing low-carbon olefins by CO2 hydrogenation

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CN1048204A (en) 1991-01-02
RO105105B1 (en) 1994-12-10
BR8907421A (en) 1991-05-07

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