CN107300725B - A kind of magnetic hysteresis is stretched sleet sensor and icing thickness detecting method - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic hysteresis is stretched sleet sensor and icing thickness detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107300725B CN107300725B CN201610231076.4A CN201610231076A CN107300725B CN 107300725 B CN107300725 B CN 107300725B CN 201610231076 A CN201610231076 A CN 201610231076A CN 107300725 B CN107300725 B CN 107300725B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
- G01B7/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flexible sleet sensors of magnetic hysteresis, comprising: the flexible probe of magnetic hysteresis；Shell, cavity is equipped in the shell, the flexible probe segment of the magnetic hysteresis extends in the cavity, the flexible probe of the magnetic hysteresis is connected with the shell, and the flexible probe of the magnetic hysteresis is equipped between driving coil and induction coil and the driving coil and induction coil positioned at the intracorporal part of the chamber is equipped with magnetic shield；Heating device, for melting the sleet of the flexible detecting head surface of the magnetic hysteresis；Control circuit is connected with the driving coil, the induction coil and heating device.The present invention can judge the generation of sleet, detect sleet thickness equivalent, be conducive to meteorological INTEGRATED SIGHT and prevent and reduce natural disasters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to meteorological detection technique fields, and in particular to a kind of magnetic hysteresis is stretched sleet sensor and the inspection of icing thickness
Survey method.
Background technique
Sleet is made of mixture of ice and water, and the object with temperature lower than 0 DEG C collides the precipitation that freezes immediately, be early winter or
A kind of diastrous weather that time at the beginning of last month of spring in winter is seen.Raindrop lower than 0 DEG C are able to maintain in the air that temperature is slightly below 0 DEG C
Supercooled state, appearance is identical with general raindrop, when it is on 0 DEG C of object below that it, which falls on temperature, is frozen into appearance at once
Smooth and transparent ice sheet, referred to as glaze.Serious glaze can break trees, electric pole, stop communication, power supply, interfere public
Road and railway traffic threaten the flight safety of aircraft.
Observation to sleet is that observation station is determined by the condensation phenomenon being immediately seen on earth's surface object, can not pass through gas
It is observed as radar, doppler instrument or other traditional observation methods；But can by radar come indirect estimated sleet formed can
Energy property has much.The radius of form of reflected intensity and precipitation of radar signal is related.Although raining than the signal for reflection of snowing
It is stronger, but since the radius ratio snowflake of raindrop is much smaller, it is how many by force unlike the signal avenged before to melt the rain come from snow.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of magnetic hysteresis stretch sleet sensor and
Icing thickness detecting method can judge the generation of sleet, detect sleet thickness equivalent, be conducive to meteorological INTEGRATED SIGHT and prevent
Calamity mitigation.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of flexible sleet sensor of magnetic hysteresis, comprising:
The flexible probe of magnetic hysteresis；
Shell, the shell is interior to be equipped with cavity, and the flexible probe segment of the magnetic hysteresis extends in the cavity, the magnetic hysteresis
Flexible probe is connected with the shell, and the flexible probe of the magnetic hysteresis is located at the intracorporal part of the chamber and is equipped with driving coil and sense
It answers and is equipped with magnetic shield between coil and the driving coil and induction coil；
Heating device, for melting the sleet of the flexible detecting head surface of the magnetic hysteresis；
Control circuit is connected with the driving coil, the induction coil and heating device.
Based on the above technical solution, the heating device includes heating rod, and the heating rod is installed on the chamber
Body is close to the side of the flexible probe of the magnetic hysteresis, and the upper end of the heating rod extends in the flexible probe of the magnetic hysteresis.
Based on the above technical solution, spring is equipped in the shell, the lower end of the spring is fixed equipped with spring
Part, the upper end of the spring are equipped with heating rod fixing piece, and the upper end of the spring supports the fixed heating rod fixing piece, described
The fixed heating rod of heating rod fixing piece.
Based on the above technical solution, temperature sensor, the temperature sensor are equipped in the inner cavity of the shell
For testing the temperature of the shell.
Based on the above technical solution, the shell includes upper housing, lower case and pedestal, under the upper housing
End and the junction of the lower case are equipped with upper seal, and the lower case and the junction of the pedestal are equipped with lower seal；
The flexible probe segment of the magnetic hysteresis extends in the upper housing, and the upper end phase of the magnetic hysteresis flexible probe and the upper housing
Even.
Based on the above technical solution, the intracavity diameter of the upper housing is less than the intracavity diameter of the lower case,
The interior of the lower case is equipped with circuit supporting plate, and the control circuit is installed on the circuit supporting plate.
Based on the above technical solution, the control circuit includes heating control circuit, driving circuit, receives circuit
And microprocessor, the heating control circuit connect the heating device and microprocessor, the driving circuit connects the drive
Moving winding and the microprocessor, induction coil and the microprocessor described in the reception circuit connection.
Based on the above technical solution, include the following steps:
Step 1, be arranged light condition under magnetic hysteresis stretch sleet sensor original resonance frequency f, maximum measurement with a thickness of
hmax, proportionality coefficient k between ice rain amounts of thickness variation and resonance frequency variable quantity；
Step 2, gradually simultaneously linear change is applied to the frequency of the driving signal in driving coil in a measurement period
fn, while recording the frequency f of each driving signalnThe induced voltage U of corresponding induction coiln；
Step 3, compare the induced voltage U of induction coil recordn, and find out maximum induced voltage UnxCorresponding resonance frequency
Rate fnx；
Step 4, according to the maximum induced voltage U of step 3nxCorresponding resonance frequency fnx, it is flexible to calculate current magnetic hysteresis
Icing thickness h=(f-f on probenx)/k。
Based on the above technical solution, wherein specific step is as follows for step 2:
If driving signal frequency fnValue are as follows: fn=f1+(n-1)Δf
Wherein, f1For preset original frequency, Δ f is to increase driving signal frequency every time, and n is that driving signal is applied to drive
The number of moving winding,
By driving signal frequency fn=f1+ (n-1) Δ f is applied to driving coil, records the frequency f of each driving signalnIt is right
The induced voltage U for the induction coil answeredn；By driving signal frequency fnIt makes comparisons with original resonance frequency f,
If fn=f, then enter step 3；
If fn≠ f then gradually increases the value of n, the natural number that wherein n is >=1, until fn=f, enters step 3.
Based on the above technical solution, wherein preset original frequency f1=f-k*h.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) a kind of flexible sleet sensor of magnetic hysteresis of the invention includes the flexible probe of magnetic hysteresis, shell, heating device and control
Circuit, the flexible probe of magnetic hysteresis are installed on the intracorporal driving coil of shell and induction coil are used to that magnetic hysteresis is motivated to stretch for incuding sleet
Contracting pops one's head in and detects signal, can further detect the thickness of sleet, and measurement result is accurate；It is visited in order to avoid magnetic hysteresis is flexible
Head long-time icing condition melts the frost of the flexible detecting head surface of magnetic hysteresis by heating device, so that measurement result is more accurate,
By measurement result and more element weather stations use in conjunction, can effectively make weather observations situation, for it is antifreeze, take precautions against natural calamities to do with mitigation and fill
The preparation of foot.
(2) temperature sensor, temperature sensing are additionally provided in the shell of the flexible sleet sensor of one of present invention magnetic hysteresis
Device is used to detect the temperature of surface of shell, effectively prevent heating device excessively to heat, is further ensured that the accuracy of measurement result.
(3) a kind of shell of the flexible sleet sensor of magnetic hysteresis of the invention is equipped with spring and spring mountings, due to sensing
Device and contacting rain water need to have preferable sealing, and spring of the invention and spring mountings are kept away for heating rod to be fixedly mounted
The case where globality and leakproofness for exempting from punching installation destruction shell, prevent sensor from crossing water, and internal wiring is burnt out；Simultaneously
The structure of spring and spring mountings is relatively simple, convenient for combination installation, good fixing effect.
(4) a kind of flexible sleet sensor of magnetic hysteresis of the invention carries out icing Thickness sensitivity using the flexible principle of magnetic hysteresis,
Constantly change the frequency for being applied to the driving signal of driving coil in one measurement period, and records the big of corresponding induced voltage
It is small, judge the corresponding frequency of maximum induced voltage is how many by comparing, this frequency is exactly the resonance frequency of the flexible probe of magnetic hysteresis
Rate, and then calculate sleet thickness.Icing thickness detecting method of the invention has very high sensitivity, flexible based on magnetic hysteresis
Principle detect sleet can influence to avoid steam to measurement result, improve measurement it is accurate calmly and reliability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged view of the H of Fig. 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is schematic block circuit diagram of the invention.
In figure: the flexible probe of 10- magnetic hysteresis, 11- driving coil, 12- induction coil, 13- choke coil, 14- heating rod, 15-
Spring, 16- spring mountings, 17- heating rod fixing piece, 18- circuit supporting plate, 20- shell, 21- upper housing, 22- lower case,
23- pedestal, 24- upper seal, 25- lower seal.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Referring to figs. 1 to 5, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of flexible sleet sensor of magnetic hysteresis, comprising:
Shell 20 comprising upper housing 21, lower case 22 and pedestal 23, upper housing 21 and lower case 22 are cylindrical,
And the diameter of upper housing 21 is less than the diameter of lower case 22, the lower end of upper housing 21 and the junction of lower case 22 are equipped with upper sealing
The junction of circle 24, lower case 22 and pedestal 23 is equipped with lower seal 25, and pedestal 23 is offered for being fastened with aviation plug
Mounting hole.
The flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis, is made of Fe-Ni alloy Magnetostrictive material, and the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis is in cylindrical body
Shape, the interior cylindrical cavity for being equipped with lower ending opening of the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis, the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis extend partially into upper housing 21
It is interior, and the outer surface of the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis is connected with the upper end of upper housing 21.
Lower case 22 and upper housing 21 are equipped with cylindric inner cavity, and the intracavity diameter of upper housing 21 is less than lower case 22
Intracavity diameter, and the inner cavity of lower case 22 and the inner cavity of upper housing 21 form perforative cavity to connection.The flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis
Lower end extend in upper housing 21, and the inner cavity of the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis, the inner cavity of upper housing 21 and lower case 22 at this time
Inner cavity is coaxial.
The outer surface of the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis in the inner cavity of upper housing 21, which is equipped with, carries out the flexible probe of magnetic hysteresis 10
Induction coil 12 that the variation of the driving coil 11 of excitation, the magnetic characteristic of probe 10 flexible to magnetic hysteresis is detected and be used for every
The choke coil 13 of disconnected driving coil 11 and induction coil 12, induction coil 12 drive line close to the upper end of the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis
Circle 11 is had a contest the lower end of the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis, and choke coil 13 is between induction coil 12 and driving coil 11.
Heating device comprising heating rod 14, heating rod 14 be installed in the inner cavity of upper housing 21 and heating rod 14 it is upper
End is upwardly into the inner cavity of the flexible probe 10 of magnetic hysteresis, is equipped with spring 15 in the inner cavity of upper housing 21, and the one of the inner cavity of lower case 22
End is equipped with spring mountings 16, and the upper end of the lower end of 16 fixed spring 15 of spring mountings, spring 15 is equipped with heating rod fixing piece
17, the upper end of spring 15 supports fixed heating rod fixing piece 17, the fixed heating rod 14 of heating rod fixing piece 17.
Temperature sensor is equipped in the inner cavity of shell 20, temperature sensor is used to test the temperature of shell 20.
Control circuit is equipped with circuit supporting plate 18 in the inner cavity of lower case 22, and circuit supporting plate 18 is for installing control electricity
Road.Control circuit includes heating control circuit, driving circuit, receives circuit, memory, voltage monitoring house dog, microprocessor
And interface board, heating control circuit connect heating rod 14 and microprocessor, driving circuit connects driving coil 11 and microprocessor,
Receive circuit connection induction coil 12 and microprocessor, memory connects microprocessor by bus, voltage monitoring house dog and
Microprocessor is connected, and interface board connects microprocessor, and provides power supply for each circuit
The running parameters such as frequency calibration parameter, the heatingization ice time parameter of sensor, voltage prison are stored in memory
Control house dog guarantees to restore in time after microprocessor leads to program fleet due to by strong jamming.
Driving circuit is made of DDS digital signal generator, DAC, high speed amplifier amplifier, and microprocessor controls DDS number
Character signal generator and DAC chip generate sine wave signal, then the drive of driving rear end after power amplification is carried out by operational amplifier
Moving winding.
It receives circuit to be made of amplifying circuit, ADC analog to digital conversion circuit, instrument amplifier receives induction coil micro-
Weak voltage signal is filtered amplification, and amplified voltage signal enters high-speed ADC and is converted to digital signal, then passes through SPI
For bus transfer to microprocessor, microprocessor must after carrying out a series of processing such as Fourier transformation and calculating to the data received
Freeze thickness data out.
Using the icing thickness detecting method of the flexible sleet sensor of above-mentioned magnetic hysteresis, include the following steps:
Step 1, be arranged light condition under magnetic hysteresis stretch sleet sensor original resonance frequency f, maximum measurement with a thickness of
hmax, proportionality coefficient k between ice rain amounts of thickness variation and resonance frequency variable quantity；
Step 2, gradually change the frequency f for the driving signal being applied in driving coil in a measurement periodn, remember simultaneously
Record the frequency f of each driving signalnThe induced voltage U of corresponding induction coiln, the specific steps are as follows:
If driving signal frequency fnValue are as follows: fn=f1+(n-1)Δf
Wherein, f1For preset original frequency, and f1=f-k*h, Δ f are to increase driving signal frequency every time, and n is driving
Signal is applied to the number of driving coil,
By driving signal frequency fn=f1+ (n-1) Δ f is applied to driving coil, records the frequency f of each driving signalnIt is right
The induced voltage U for the induction coil answeredn；By driving signal frequency fnIt makes comparisons with original resonance frequency f,
If fn=f, then enter step 3；
If fn≠ f then gradually increases the value of n, the natural number that wherein n is >=1, until fn=f, enters step 3；
Step 3, compare the induced voltage U of induction coil recordn, and find out maximum induced voltage UnxCorresponding resonance frequency
Rate fnx；
Step 4, according to the maximum induced voltage U of step 3nxCorresponding resonance frequency fnx, it is flexible to calculate current magnetic hysteresis
Icing thickness h=(f-f on probenx)/k。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, for those skilled in the art, is not departing from
Under the premise of the principle of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection of the invention
Within the scope of.The content being not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (8)
- The sleet sensor 1. a kind of magnetic hysteresis is stretched characterized by comprisingThe flexible probe (10) of magnetic hysteresis；Shell (20), the shell (20) is interior to be equipped with cavity, and the flexible probe (10) of the magnetic hysteresis extends partially into the cavity, The flexible probe (10) of the magnetic hysteresis is connected with the shell (20), and the flexible probe (10) of the magnetic hysteresis is located at the intracorporal portion of the chamber Divide to be equipped between driving coil (11) and induction coil (12) and the driving coil (11) and induction coil (12) and is equipped with magnetic Shielding part；Heating device, for melting the sleet on flexible probe (10) surface of the magnetic hysteresis；Control circuit is connected with the driving coil (11), the induction coil (12) and heating device；The heating device includes heating rod (14), and the heating rod (14) is installed on the cavity close to the flexible spy of the magnetic hysteresis The side of head (10), and the upper end of the heating rod (14) extends in the flexible probe (10) of the magnetic hysteresis；Spring (15) are equipped in the shell (20), the lower end of the spring (15) is equipped with spring mountings (16), the spring (15) upper end is equipped with heating rod fixing piece (17), and the upper end of the spring (15) supports the fixed heating rod fixing piece (17), the fixed heating rod (14) of the heating rod fixing piece (17).
- The sleet sensor 2. a kind of magnetic hysteresis as described in claim 1 is stretched, it is characterised in that: in the inner cavity of the shell (20) Equipped with temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is used to test the temperature of the shell (20).
- The sleet sensor 3. a kind of magnetic hysteresis as described in claim 1 is stretched, it is characterised in that: the shell (20) includes upper casing Body (21), lower case (22) and pedestal (23), the lower end of the upper housing (21) and the junction of the lower case (22) are equipped with Upper seal (24), the lower case (22) and the junction of the pedestal (23) are equipped with lower seal (25)；The magnetic hysteresis is stretched The probe (10) that contracts extends partially into the upper housing (21), and the flexible probe (10) of the magnetic hysteresis and the upper housing (21) Upper end is connected.
- The sleet sensor 4. a kind of magnetic hysteresis as claimed in claim 3 is stretched, it is characterised in that: the inner cavity of the upper housing (21) Diameter is less than the intracavity diameter of the lower case (22), and the interior of the lower case (22) is equipped with circuit supporting plate (18), the control Circuit (30) processed is installed on the circuit supporting plate (18).
- The sleet sensor 5. a kind of magnetic hysteresis as described in claim 1 is stretched, it is characterised in that: the control circuit includes heating Control circuit, driving circuit receive circuit and microprocessor, and the heating control circuit connects the heating device and micro process Device, the driving circuit connect the driving coil and the microprocessor, induction coil described in the receptions circuit connection with The microprocessor.
- 6. using a kind of icing thickness detecting method of the flexible sleet sensor of magnetic hysteresis as described in claim 1, feature exists In including the following steps:Step 1, the original resonance frequency f of the flexible sleet sensor of magnetic hysteresis under light condition is set, and maximum measurement is with a thickness of hmax, Proportionality coefficient k between ice rain amounts of thickness variation and resonance frequency variable quantity；Step 2, gradually simultaneously linear change is applied to the frequency f of the driving signal in driving coil in a measurement periodn, together The frequency f of each driving signal of Shi JilunThe induced voltage U of corresponding induction coiln；Step 3, compare the induced voltage U of induction coil recordn, and find out maximum induced voltage UnxCorresponding resonance frequency fnx；Step 4, according to the maximum induced voltage U of step 3nxCorresponding resonance frequency fnx, calculate the flexible probe of current magnetic hysteresis On icing thickness h=(f-fnx)/k。
- 7. icing thickness detecting method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that wherein, specific step is as follows for step 2: If driving signal frequency fnValue are as follows: fn=f1+(n-1)ΔfWherein, f1For preset original frequency, Δ f is to increase driving signal frequency every time, and n is that driving signal is applied to driving line The number of circle, by driving signal frequency fn=f1+ (n-1) Δ f is applied to driving coil, records the frequency f of each driving signaln The induced voltage U of corresponding induction coiln；By driving signal frequency fnIt makes comparisons with original resonance frequency f, if fn=f, then into Enter step 3；If fn≠ f then gradually increases the value of n, the natural number that wherein n is >=1, until fn=f, enters step 3.
- 8. icing thickness detecting method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: wherein, the f in step 21=f-k*h.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610231076.4A CN107300725B (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2016-04-14 | A kind of magnetic hysteresis is stretched sleet sensor and icing thickness detecting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610231076.4A CN107300725B (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2016-04-14 | A kind of magnetic hysteresis is stretched sleet sensor and icing thickness detecting method |
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| CN107300725B true CN107300725B (en) | 2019-09-13 |
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| CN109211082B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-09-01 | 佛山市艾芯智能科技有限公司 | Detection method and detector for thickness of metal sheet |
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| US4745804A (en) * | 1986-12-08 | 1988-05-24 | Dataproducts New England, Inc. | Accretion type ice detector |
| CN2128729Y (en) * | 1992-05-23 | 1993-03-24 | 王新平 | Portable pachymeter |
| CN2160884Y (en) * | 1993-03-04 | 1994-04-06 | 石油大学(华东) | Magnetoelectric parallel type non-magnetic sensor for coating gaugemetre |
| CN1448689A (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2003-10-15 | 大连理工大学 | Contact type automatic ice and snow depth measuring method |
| CN201697603U (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-01-05 | 哈尔滨市东北汽车电子工程技术研究开发中心 | Ice sensor adopting vibration tube principle |
| CN202368791U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-08-08 | 武汉航空仪表有限责任公司 | Bushing type icing sensitive vibration component |
-
2016
- 2016-04-14 CN CN201610231076.4A patent/CN107300725B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4745804A (en) * | 1986-12-08 | 1988-05-24 | Dataproducts New England, Inc. | Accretion type ice detector |
| CN2128729Y (en) * | 1992-05-23 | 1993-03-24 | 王新平 | Portable pachymeter |
| CN2160884Y (en) * | 1993-03-04 | 1994-04-06 | 石油大学(华东) | Magnetoelectric parallel type non-magnetic sensor for coating gaugemetre |
| CN1448689A (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2003-10-15 | 大连理工大学 | Contact type automatic ice and snow depth measuring method |
| CN201697603U (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-01-05 | 哈尔滨市东北汽车电子工程技术研究开发中心 | Ice sensor adopting vibration tube principle |
| CN202368791U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-08-08 | 武汉航空仪表有限责任公司 | Bushing type icing sensitive vibration component |
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| CN107300725A (en) | 2017-10-27 |
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