CN107299233A - A kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal - Google Patents
A kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107299233A CN107299233A CN201710376145.5A CN201710376145A CN107299233A CN 107299233 A CN107299233 A CN 107299233A CN 201710376145 A CN201710376145 A CN 201710376145A CN 107299233 A CN107299233 A CN 107299233A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/04—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by aluminium, other metals or silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, belong to microwave metallurgical technical field.Chromium oxide powder, aluminium powder, nitre powder, calcium oxide powder are well mixed and obtain mixed material by the present invention, reaction raw materials are entered in microwave reaction stove by its top feed mouthful, in the presence of microwave field in reacting furnace, rapid to dry and heat up, reaction raw materials are warming up to 1900 ~ 2100 DEG C in stove, it is incubated 10 ~ 40min, fully after the completion of reaction, molten metal chromium deposition bottom, slag liquid floating top, the molten metal of bottom is flowed out from the discharging opening of furnace bottom, crome metal is can obtain after casting.The inventive method uses microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, and the separation of slag gold, the process of metal phase segregation realize that smelting temperature is low in 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C of insulating process, it can be greatly reduced and smelts energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, belong to microwave metallurgical technical field.
Background technology
Chromium is as a kind of important strategic resource, because it has hardness height, good wearability, high temperature resistant and anticorrosive etc. excellent
Good characteristic, is widely used in metallurgical industry, refractory material and chemical industry.Crome metal as chromite reduction
Product, is usedMakeThe Ni-based alloying constituent with cobalt base superalloy, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy and corrosion resistant alloy etc. of production, is partly used for
Produce stainless steel and refractory steel.These materials are widely used in Aeronautics and Astronautics, nuclear reactor, automobile, shipbuilding, chemical industry and military project etc.
Industry.
The production technology of industrial crome metal, mainly smelts skill using electrolysis and crome metal melting oven process etc. at present
Art.With the attention increasingly to using energy source, the production technology of energy-saving metal chromium is developed, has been irresistible trend.
Number of patent application is that " 2012104266768 " disclose a kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, by three oxygen
Change two chromium powder material, aluminium powder and sodium chlorate mixing, obtain compound, compound is fed intake in two batches according to early stage material and later stage material, adopted
Smelted with perrin process, early stage material is put into smelting furnace, smelted, deslagging；It will expect in later stage to add with calcareous deoxidier and smelt
In stove, smelt, deslagging, obtain hypoxemia high-purity metal chromium, but its smelting temperature is 2200 ~ 2500 DEG C, still there is smelting temperature
It is too high, the shortcomings of energy consumption consumption is big.
Number of patent application is that " 2014105285553 " disclose a kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, first will
Mixed material is obtained after chromium oxide powder, aluminium powder, potassium chlorate powder, calcium oxide powder are well mixed；Obtained mixed material is carried out micro-
Wave heating, is warming up to temperature for 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, when temperature is incubated 30 ~ 40min after 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C of scopes tend to be steady,
Then proceed to be warming up to temperature for 1300 ~ 1450 DEG C when, molten metal deposited bottom, slag liquid floating top finally makes slag molten metal
Separation, now discharges molten metal, and the crome metal of bulk can be obtained after molten metal casting.But smelting in patent disclosed above
Refining temperature needs secondary temperature elevation and the more high-leveled and difficult acquisition of potassium chlorate powder price.
The content of the invention
The present invention has problem and shortage for prior art, and there is provided a kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, sheet
Method uses microwave aluminothermy metal smelting chromium, and for traditional mode of heating, environment-friendly and energy consumption is reduced；Using nitre conduct
Exothermic mixture, can reduce smelting temperature, and the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Chromium oxide powder, aluminium powder, nitre powder, calcium oxide powder are well mixed and obtain mixed material, wherein, with mass percent
Meter, chromium oxide powder accounts for 64 ~ 68% in mixed material, and aluminium powder, which accounts for 19 ~ 24%, nitre powder and accounts for 3 ~ 5%, calcium oxide powder, accounts for 6 ~ 9%；
（2）By step（1）Gained mixed material carries out microwave heating, temperature is warming up to for 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C, when temperature is 1100
~ 1200 DEG C of scopes carry out 10 ~ 40min of insulation, molten metal deposited bottom, slag liquid floating top, by the gold of bottom after tending to be steady
Belong to liquid discharging, molten metal casting produces crome metal；
The step（2）The microwave power of middle microwave heating is 1 ~ 10kW, and frequency is 2.45GHz；
Above-mentioned metal chromium component reaches label JCr99-B crome metal component requirements, and its main component is：Cr >=99.0wt%, Fe
≤ 0.40wt%, Si≤0.30wt%, Al≤0.30wt%.
The key reaction of microwave aluminothermy metal smelting chromium is as follows：
Cr2O3+2Al=2Cr+Al2O3
6NaNO3+10Al=5Al2O3+2Na2O+3N2
2CaO+ Al2O3=2CaO·Al2O3
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）The inventive method technique is simple, flow is short；Using microwave as mode of heating, selectivity of material is added using it
The advantage of heat, simultaneously because microwave firing rate is fast, reaction is uniform, so as to reduce reaction temperature, greatly reduces metal
Scaling loss；It is more energy-efficient than traditional production technology in terms of energy consumption；
（2）It is of the invention big as liberated heat when exothermic mixture, nitre powder and aluminium powder reaction using nitre powder, it is going back for chromium oxide
Original reaction provides a part of heat, also reduces smelting temperature, saves the energy；And nitre powder is cheap, raw material is easy to get,
Its heating effect is more excellent；
（3）The present invention uses microwave thermit reduction metal smelting chromium, and the separation of slag gold, the process of metal phase segregation are 1100
Realized in ~ 1200 DEG C of insulating process, less than traditional smelting temperature and it also avoid reheating, be conducive to energy-conservation.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited
In the content.
Embodiment 1：A kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Mixture is obtained after 670kg chromium oxide powders, 190kg aluminium powders, 50kg nitre powder, 90kg calcium oxide powders are well mixed
Material, wherein calcium oxide powder accounts for the 67% of mixed material quality, and aluminium powder accounts for the 19% of mixed material quality, and nitre powder accounts for mixed material matter
The 5% of amount, calcium oxide powder accounts for the 9% of mixed material quality；
（2）By step（1）Gained mixed material reaction raw materials are added in microwave reaction stove by its top feed mouthful, and wherein microwave adds
Thermal power is 1 kW, and frequency is 2.45GHz, in the presence of the microwave field in reacting furnace, rapid to dry and heat up, reaction raw materials
1100 DEG C are warming up in stove, when temperature is incubated 40min, molten metal chromium deposition bottom, the floating of slag liquid after 1100 DEG C steady
Top, the molten metal of bottom is flowed out from the discharging opening of furnace bottom, crome metal is can obtain after casting.
Above-mentioned metal chromium component reaches label JCr98.5-B crome metal component requirements, and its main component is：With weight hundred
Fraction meter, Cr 99.07%, Fe 0.21%, Si 0.041%, Al 0.043%.
Embodiment 2：A kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Mixture is obtained after 660kg chromium oxide powders, 230kg aluminium powders, 40kg nitre powder, 70kg calcium oxide powders are well mixed
Material, wherein calcium oxide powder accounts for the 66% of mixed material quality, and aluminium powder accounts for the 23% of mixed material quality, and nitre powder accounts for mixed material matter
The 4% of amount, calcium oxide powder accounts for the 7% of mixed material quality；
（2）By step（1）Gained mixed material reaction raw materials are added in microwave reaction stove by its top feed mouthful, and wherein microwave adds
Thermal power is 4kW, and frequency is 2.45GHz, in the presence of the microwave field in reacting furnace, rapid to dry and heat up, reaction raw materials
1120 DEG C are warming up in stove, when temperature is incubated 30min, molten metal chromium deposition bottom, the floating of slag liquid after 1120 DEG C steady
Top, the molten metal of bottom is flowed out from the discharging opening of furnace bottom, crome metal is can obtain after casting；
The composition of the present embodiment crome metal reaches label JCr99-B crome metal component requirements, and its main component is：With weight hundred
Fraction meter, Cr 99.04%, Fe 0.141%, Si 0.052%, Al 0.048%.
Embodiment 3：A kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Mixture is obtained after 640kg chromium oxide powders, 240kg aluminium powders, 40kg nitre powder, 80kg calcium oxide powders are well mixed
Material, wherein calcium oxide powder accounts for the 64% of mixed material quality, and aluminium powder accounts for the 24% of mixed material quality, and nitre powder accounts for mixed material matter
The 4% of amount, calcium oxide powder accounts for the 8% of mixed material quality；
（2）By step（1）Gained mixed material reaction raw materials are added in microwave reaction stove by its top feed mouthful, and wherein microwave adds
Thermal power is 7kW, and frequency is 2.45GHz, in the presence of the microwave field in reacting furnace, rapid to dry and heat up, reaction raw materials
1150 DEG C are warming up in stove, when temperature is incubated 25min, molten metal chromium deposition bottom, the floating of slag liquid after 1150 DEG C steady
Top, the molten metal of bottom is flowed out from the discharging opening of furnace bottom, crome metal is can obtain after casting.
The composition of the present embodiment crome metal reaches label JCr99-B crome metal component requirements, and its main component is：With weight
Measure percentage meter, Cr 99.45%, Fe 0.057%, Si 0.042%, Al 0.048%.
Embodiment 4：A kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Mixture is obtained after 680kg chromium oxide powders, 230kg aluminium powders, 30kg nitre powder, 60kg calcium oxide powders are well mixed
Material, wherein calcium oxide powder accounts for the 68% of mixed material quality, and aluminium powder accounts for the 23% of mixed material quality, and nitre powder accounts for mixed material matter
The 3% of amount, calcium oxide powder accounts for the 6% of mixed material quality；
（2）By step（1）Gained mixed material reaction raw materials are added in microwave reaction stove by its top feed mouthful, and wherein microwave adds
Thermal power is 10kW, and frequency is 2.45GHz, in the presence of the microwave field in reacting furnace, rapid to dry and heat up, reaction raw materials
1200 DEG C are warming up in stove, when temperature is incubated 10min, molten metal chromium deposition bottom, the floating of slag liquid after 1200 DEG C steady
Top, the molten metal of bottom is flowed out from the discharging opening of furnace bottom, crome metal is can obtain after casting.
The composition of the present embodiment crome metal reaches label JCr99-B crome metal component requirements, and its main component is：With weight
Measure percentage meter, Cr 99.67%, Fe 0.037%, Si 0.047%, Al 0.042%.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
（1）Chromium oxide powder, aluminium powder, nitre powder, calcium oxide powder are well mixed and obtain mixed material, wherein, with mass percent
Meter, chromium oxide powder accounts for 64 ~ 68% in mixed material, and aluminium powder, which accounts for 19 ~ 24%, nitre powder and accounts for 3 ~ 5%, calcium oxide powder, accounts for 6 ~ 9%；
（2）By step（1）Gained mixed material carries out microwave heating, temperature is warming up to for 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C, when temperature is 1100
~ 1200 DEG C of scopes carry out 10 ~ 40min of insulation, molten metal deposited bottom, slag liquid floating top, by the gold of bottom after tending to be steady
Belong to liquid discharging, molten metal casting produces crome metal.
2. the method for microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The microwave work(of microwave reaction stove
Rate is 1 ~ 10kW, and frequency is 2.45GHz.
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| CN201710376145.5A CN107299233A (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2017-05-25 | A kind of method of microwave aluminothermic reduction crome metal |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2674206C1 (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-05 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт химии Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук (ИХ ДВО РАН) | Method of complex processing of wastewater galvanic production |
| CN110201617A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-06 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of high energy reaction starting method |
| CN113913629A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-11 | 王景军 | Purification slag for metal chromium smelting and metal chromium smelting method |
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| JP2001348631A (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for reducing chromium-containing oxide |
| CN101538630A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-09-23 | 丁家伟 | Process and device for preparing chromium iron by using chromium ore powder |
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| CN103962568A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-08-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing reduction chromium powder through microwave heating |
| CN104313362A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Microwave aluminothermic reduction method of metal chromium |
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- 2017-05-25 CN CN201710376145.5A patent/CN107299233A/en active Pending
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| JP2001348631A (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for reducing chromium-containing oxide |
| CN101538630A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-09-23 | 丁家伟 | Process and device for preparing chromium iron by using chromium ore powder |
| CN102586637A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-18 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing multi-component niobium alloy cast ingot |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2674206C1 (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-12-05 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт химии Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук (ИХ ДВО РАН) | Method of complex processing of wastewater galvanic production |
| CN110201617A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-06 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of high energy reaction starting method |
| CN113913629A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-11 | 王景军 | Purification slag for metal chromium smelting and metal chromium smelting method |
| CN113913629B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2023-03-03 | 王景军 | Purification slag for metal chromium smelting and smelting method of metal chromium |
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Application publication date: 20171027 |
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