CN107295829B - Method for sprouting seeds of yellow ginseng - Google Patents
Method for sprouting seeds of yellow ginseng Download PDFInfo
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- CN107295829B CN107295829B CN201710707704.6A CN201710707704A CN107295829B CN 107295829 B CN107295829 B CN 107295829B CN 201710707704 A CN201710707704 A CN 201710707704A CN 107295829 B CN107295829 B CN 107295829B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus. The method comprises the following steps: 1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is selected from 10% H2O2One or more of 2% NaClO and 75% ethanol; 2) culture in a culture medium: spreading the sterilized seeds in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination; 3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the obtained seeds capable of accelerating germination in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare seeds capable of accelerating germination; 4) sprouting: the obtained germination accelerating seeds are sown in soil applied with slow release fertilizer and cultivated until the seeds germinate. The method for sprouting the seeds of the yellow ginseng can improve the sprouting rate and the sprouting index of the seeds of the yellow ginseng and reduce the pollution rate and the sprouting starting time of the seeds of the yellow ginseng.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant breeding, in particular to a method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus.
Background
Huangshen is sweet in taste and warm in nature, and has the effects of benefiting qi and nourishing blood, nourishing yin and tonifying yang, clearing and activating the channels and collaterals, invigorating stomach and soothing liver. The cultivation and propagation technology of the yellow ginseng is not mature at present, the germination rate is low, the pollution rate is high, and the research on the yellow ginseng seeds in the conventional technology is few, if the yellow ginseng seeds are wrapped by wet gauze for 24 hours according to the conventional method, the germination rate is low, and the purpose of artificial mass planting cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low germination rate of the seeds of the yellow ginseng and the like in the prior art, the invention provides the method for germinating the seeds of the yellow ginseng.
The invention provides a method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus, which comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is selected from 10% H2O2One or more of 2% NaClO and 75% ethanol;
wherein 10%, 2% and 75% are parts by volume.
2) Culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Further improved, the disinfection solution is 75% ethanol and 2% NaC1O, and the disinfection method comprises the following steps: after 1min of 75% ethanol treatment, 2% NaC1O was used for 10 min.
According to the method, the yellow ginseng seeds are treated by using 75% of ethanol and 2% of NaC1O, so that the germination rate of the yellow ginseng seeds is improved, and the pollution rate of the yellow ginseng seeds is reduced.
In a further improvement, the culture medium is based on WS culture medium and comprises the following components in concentration: 50-100mg/l inositol, 20-50ng/l isopentenylaminopurine (ZT), 10-25ng/l 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 1-5mg/l sodium phosphate.
In a further improvement, the culture medium is based on WS culture medium and comprises the following components in concentration: 75mg/l inositol, 30ng/l ZT, 20ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 5mg/l sodium phosphate.
According to the invention, various components are added into the culture medium, so that the germination rate and the germination index of the seeds of the yellow ginseng are increased after the seeds of the yellow ginseng are cultured in the culture medium.
Further improved, the culture method of the culture medium in the step 2) specifically comprises the following steps:
the medium containing the sterilized seeds was incubated at 20 ℃ for 3 days, and then the temperature was raised to 28 ℃ for 1 day.
In a further improvement, the light treatment is selected from one of 3 light treatments of full light, 12h light/12 h dark and full black and dark.
Further improved, the slow release fertilizer comprises 1-2 parts by weight of aminotransferase, 2-5 parts by weight of zinc lignosulfonate and 2-3 parts by weight of rootstock sawdust.
Further improved, the slow release fertilizer also comprises 0.5 to 2 parts of polylactide, 0.2 to 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.3 to 2 parts of glycerol by mass.
The invention shortens the initial germination time of the yellow ginseng seeds by using the slow release fertilizer.
The method ensures that the yellow ginseng seeds germinate, improves the germination rate and the germination index of the yellow ginseng seeds, reduces the initial germination time and the pollution rate of the yellow ginseng seeds, and further realizes artificial mass planting.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples; the following examples are illustrative, not limiting, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention; the equipment used in the invention is the equipment commonly used in the field if no special provisions are made; the methods used in the present invention are those commonly used in the art, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; what is needed isThe disinfectant is 10 percent of H2O2；
2) Culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Example 2
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 2% NaClO;
2) culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Example 3
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 75% ethanol;
2) culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Example 4
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 75% of ethanol and 2% of NaC 1O;
2) culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Example 5
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 10% H2O2And 2% NaC 1O;
2) culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Example 6
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in disinfectant to obtain the disinfectantSeeds; the disinfectant is 75% ethanol and 10% H2O2；
2) Culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Example 7
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 75% of ethanol, 2% of NaClO and 10% of H2O2；
2) Culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Example 8
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 1,
the culture medium is based on WS medium and comprises the following components in concentration: 75mg/l inositol, 35ng/l ZT, 20ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 3mg/l sodium phosphate.
Example 9
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 1,
the medium is based on WS medium and comprises the following components in concentration: 50mg/l inositol, 20ng/l ZT, 10ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 1mg/l sodium phosphate.
Example 10
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 1,
the medium is based on WS medium and comprises the following components in concentration: 100mg/l inositol, 50ng/l ZT, 25ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 5mg/l sodium phosphate.
Example 11
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 1,
the slow release fertilizer comprises 1 part of aminotransferase, 2 parts of zinc lignosulfonate and 2 parts of rootstock sawdust in parts by weight.
Wherein, the slow release fertilizer also comprises 0.5 part of polylactide, 0.2 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 1 part of glycerol by weight.
Example 12
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 1,
the slow release fertilizer comprises 1.5 parts of aminotransferase, 3.5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate and 1.5 parts of rootstock sawdust in parts by weight.
Wherein, the slow release fertilizer also comprises 1.5 parts of polylactide, 0.6 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 3 parts of glycerol by weight.
Example 13
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 1,
the slow release fertilizer comprises 2 parts of aminotransferase, 5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate and 3 parts of rootstock sawdust in parts by weight.
The slow release fertilizer also comprises 2 parts of polylactide, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 5 parts of glycerol by weight.
Comparative example 1
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 75% of ethanol, 2% of NaC1O and 0.1 liter of mercury;
2) culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Comparative example 2
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 75% ethanol and 0.1L of mercury;
2) culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Comparative example 3
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 2% of NaC1O and 0.1 liter of mercury;
2) culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until yellow ginseng seeds germinate.
Comparative example 4
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 5,
the culture medium is based on WS medium and comprises the following components in concentration: 35mg/l inositol, 40ng/ml zinc sulphate, 35ng/l ZT, 20ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 3mg/l sodium phosphate.
Comparative example 5
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 5,
the culture medium is based on WS medium and comprises the following components in concentration: 75mg/l inositol, 20ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 3mg/l sodium phosphate.
Comparative example 6
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from the method in example 5,
the culture medium is based on WS medium and comprises the following components in concentration: 75mg/l inositol, 40ng/l zinc sulphate, 20ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 3mg/l sodium phosphate.
Comparative example 7
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from that of example 9,
the slow release fertilizer comprises, by weight, 1.5 parts of aminotransferase, 2.5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate, 1 part of urea and 1.5 parts of rootstock sawdust.
Comparative example 8
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from that of example 9,
the slow release fertilizer comprises 3 parts of aminotransferase and 3.5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate.
Comparative example 9
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from that of example 9,
the slow release fertilizer comprises, by weight, 1.5 parts of aminotransferase, 3.5 parts of urea and 1.5 parts of rootstock sawdust.
Comparative example 10
A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus which is different from that of example 9,
wherein the slow release fertilizer does not comprise 1.5 parts of aminotransferase, 3.5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate and 1.5 parts of wood stock sawdust in parts by weight.
Experimental example 1 contamination Rate and sprouting Rate experiment
The cultivation of yellow ginseng seeds was carried out according to the methods of examples 2 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and the effects of different sterilizing solutions on the contamination rate and germination rate during germination of seeds were compared, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The contamination rate is the number of staining strains/total strains multiplied by 100%;
the germination rate (number of seeds germinated in 21 d/number of seeds tested) × 100%.
TABLE 1 Effect of different disinfectants on seed contamination and germination rates
The contamination rate of the seeds of the yellow ginseng of examples 1 to 7 is lower than that of comparative examples 1 to 3, the germination rate of the seeds of the yellow ginseng of examples 1 to 7 is higher than that of comparative examples 1 to 3, the contamination rate of the seeds of the yellow ginseng of example 4 is much lower than that of examples 1 to 3 and examples 5 to 7, and the germination rate of the seeds of the yellow ginseng of example 4 is higher than that of examples 1 to 3 and examples 5 to 7, which proves that the contamination rate of the seeds of the yellow ginseng is the lowest and the germination rate is the highest when the composition of the disinfectant is 75% ethanol and 2% NaC 1O.
Experimental example 2 germination Rate and germination index test
The cultivation of yellow ginseng seeds was carried out according to the methods of examples 8-10 and comparative examples 4-6, and the effects of different media on the germination rate and germination index of yellow ginseng seeds were compared, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Germination Index (GI) ═ Σ (Gt/Dt), Gt means the number of sprouts during the time t day, Dt means the corresponding number of sprouts of the seeds.
TABLE 2 Effect of different media on germination Rate and index of seeds of Panax schinseng
As is clear from the above experimental results, comparative examples 4 to 6 were conventionally added, deleted and replaced on the basis of the culture medium provided by the present invention, for example, zinc sulfate was added in comparative example 4, ZT was deleted in comparative example 5, and zinc sulfate was used in comparative example 6 instead of ZT.
The germination rates and germination indexes of the seeds of the yellow ginseng of examples 8-10 are higher than those of the seeds of the control examples 4-6, while the germination rates and germination indexes of the seeds of the yellow ginseng of example 8 are significantly higher than those of the seeds of the control examples 9-10, demonstrating that the culture medium, based on the WS medium, comprises the following components in concentrations: the germination rate and the germination index of the yellow ginseng seeds are highest when the content of inositol is 75mg/l, the content of ZT is 35ng/l, the content of 5-hydroxy-IAA is 20ng/l and the content of sodium phosphate is 3 mg/l.
Experimental example 3 initial germination time experiment
The cultivation of the seeds of Cucumaria japonica was carried out according to the methods of examples 11 to 13 and comparative examples 7 to 10, and the effect of various slow-release fertilizers on the germination initiation time of the seeds of Cucumaria japonica was compared, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of different slow release fertilizers on germination time of seeds of Panax schinseng
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that the comparative examples 11-13 are based on the culture medium provided by the present invention and are conventionally added, deleted and replaced, for example, urea is added in comparative example 7, rootstock sawdust is deleted in comparative example 8, zinc lignosulfonate is replaced by urea in comparative example 9, and rootstock sawdust, zinc lignosulfonate and aminotransferase are deleted in comparative example 10.
The germination rates and germination indexes of the yellow ginseng seeds of examples 11 to 13 were higher than those of comparative examples 7 to 10, while the germination initiation times of the yellow ginseng seeds of example 12 were significantly shorter than those of examples 11 and 13, demonstrating that the germination initiation times of the yellow ginseng seeds were the shortest when the composition of the slow release fertilizer was 1.5 parts aminotransferase, 3.5 parts zinc lignosulfonate, 1.5 parts wood chips of the rootstock, 1.5 parts polylactide, 0.6 parts polyvinyl alcohol and 3 parts glycerin.
Claims (5)
1. A method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection treatment: soaking the seeds in a disinfectant to prepare disinfected seeds; the disinfectant is 10% H2O2；
2) Culture in a culture medium: flatly paving the sterilized seeds obtained in the step 1) in a culture medium for culturing to obtain seeds capable of accelerating germination;
3) accelerating germination: uniformly placing the seeds capable of accelerating germination obtained in the step 2) in a culture dish paved with soaked filter paper, and performing illumination treatment until the seeds are exposed to be white to prepare the seeds capable of accelerating germination;
4) sprouting: sowing the germination accelerating seeds obtained in the step 3) in soil applied with slow release fertilizer, and culturing until the seeds germinate;
the slow release fertilizer comprises 1-2 parts of aminotransferase, 2-5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate and 2-3 parts of rootstock sawdust by weight;
the slow release fertilizer also comprises 0.5-2 parts of polylactide, 0.2-1 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 1-5 parts of glycerol by mass.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said medium is WS medium based and comprises the following components in concentrations: 50-100mg/l inositol, 20-50ng/l ZT, 10-25ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 1-5mg/l sodium phosphate.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said culture medium is based on WS medium and comprises the following components in concentrations: 75mg/l inositol, 35ng/l ZT, 20ng/l 5-hydroxy-IAA and 3mg/l sodium phosphate.
4. The method for sprouting seeds of holothuria monascus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture method in the step 2) is specifically as follows:
the medium containing the sterilized seeds was incubated at 20 ℃ for 3 days, and then the temperature was raised to 28 ℃ for 1 day.
5. The method for sprouting seeds of holothuria fulva fulv.
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| CN115380663A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-25 | 山西农业大学经济作物研究所 | Seed sterilization method for codonopsis pilosula regeneration system |
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