CN107290008A - An orifice plate vortex street gas-liquid metering device and its calculation method - Google Patents
An orifice plate vortex street gas-liquid metering device and its calculation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种孔板涡街气液计量装置及其计算方法，包括旋流气液混合器、孔板节流装置以及涡街流量计，旋流气液混合器、孔板节流装置和涡街流量计连接，旋流气液混合器和孔板节流装置之间设置有压力变送器，孔板节流装置上设置有差压变送器，在孔板节流装置和涡街流量计之间设置有温度变送器，压力变送器、差压变送器、温度变送器和涡街流量计分别通过信号线将测量信号传输至气液流量计算仪，通过气液流量计算仪进行气、液流量计算、输出和显示。本发明在装置前段设置旋流气液混合器，使气液两相均匀混合近似雾状流，使计算出的混合流体工况平均密度接近真实值，提高流量测量精度。
The invention discloses an orifice vortex gas-liquid metering device and a calculation method thereof, comprising a swirl gas-liquid mixer, an orifice throttling device, a vortex flowmeter, a swirl gas-liquid mixer, an orifice throttling device and a vortex meter. Street flowmeter connection, a pressure transmitter is set between the swirl gas-liquid mixer and the orifice throttling device, and a differential pressure transmitter is set on the orifice throttling device, between the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter There is a temperature transmitter between them, and the pressure transmitter, differential pressure transmitter, temperature transmitter and vortex flowmeter respectively transmit the measurement signal to the gas-liquid flow calculator through the signal line, and the gas-liquid flow calculator Carry out gas and liquid flow calculation, output and display. In the present invention, a swirling flow gas-liquid mixer is arranged in the front section of the device, so that the gas-liquid two-phase is evenly mixed to approximate a mist flow, so that the calculated average density of the mixed fluid working condition is close to the real value, and the flow measurement accuracy is improved.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于流量测量的技术领域，具体涉及一种应用于气井的气液两相不分离测量装置及其计算方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of flow measurement, and in particular relates to a gas-liquid two-phase non-separation measurement device and a calculation method applied to gas wells.
背景技术Background technique
传统的气田单井计量主要采用气液分离计量工艺，流程复杂，投资高。近年来，国内气田应用了各类气液两相不分离计量装置，直接用于气井井口气液两相计量，国内现有流量计通过测量孔板差压波动幅度值(即计算差压方根的相对方差)来计算含液率，进而得出气液流量，但由于流体机械杂志、气流波动、差压传感器精度等因素影响，差压波动幅度值不能完全反应含液率，导致计量误差增大，适用范围有限。Traditional gas field single well metering mainly adopts gas-liquid separation metering technology, which has complicated process and high investment. In recent years, various gas-liquid two-phase non-separation metering devices have been used in domestic gas fields, which are directly used for gas-liquid two-phase metering at the wellhead of gas wells. Relative variance) to calculate the liquid cut rate, and then get the gas-liquid flow rate, but due to factors such as fluid machinery magazines, air flow fluctuations, differential pressure sensor accuracy and other factors, the differential pressure fluctuation amplitude value cannot fully reflect the liquid cut rate, resulting in increased measurement errors , the scope of application is limited.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种孔板涡街气液两相计量装置及其计算方法，解决气井气液两相在线计量难题，代替传统的分离计量工艺，简化工艺流程，降低投资。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an orifice vortex street gas-liquid two-phase metering device and its calculation method to solve the problem of gas-liquid two-phase online metering in gas wells and replace the traditional separation metering. process, simplify the process and reduce investment.
本发明采用以下技术方案：The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种孔板涡街气液计量装置，包括用于将气液两相流均匀混合成雾状流的旋流气液混合器、用于产生差压的孔板节流装置以及测量混合流体工况体积流量的涡街流量计，所述旋流气液混合器、孔板节流装置和涡街流量计连接，所述旋流气液混合器和孔板节流装置之间设置有压力变送器，所述孔板节流装置上设置有差压变送器，在所述孔板节流装置和涡街流量计之间设置有温度变送器，所述压力变送器、差压变送器、温度变送器和涡街流量计分别通过信号线将测量信号传输至气液流量计算仪，通过所述气液流量计算仪进行气、液流量计算、输出和显示。An orifice vortex street gas-liquid metering device, including a swirl gas-liquid mixer for uniformly mixing gas-liquid two-phase flow into a mist flow, an orifice throttling device for generating differential pressure, and measuring the working condition of the mixed fluid A vortex flowmeter for volume flow, the swirl gas-liquid mixer, the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter are connected, and a pressure transmitter is arranged between the swirl gas-liquid mixer and the orifice throttling device, A differential pressure transmitter is arranged on the orifice throttling device, a temperature transmitter is arranged between the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter, and the pressure transmitter, differential pressure transmitter , the temperature transmitter and the vortex flowmeter respectively transmit the measurement signal to the gas-liquid flow calculator through the signal line, and the gas and liquid flow calculation, output and display are performed through the gas-liquid flow calculator.
进一步的，所述气液流量计算仪设置在所述差压变送器内。Further, the gas-liquid flow calculator is set in the differential pressure transmitter.
进一步的，所述旋流气液混合器、孔板节流装置和涡街流量计采用法兰依次连接。Further, the swirl gas-liquid mixer, the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter are sequentially connected by flanges.
进一步的，所述旋流气液混合器、涡街流量计和孔板节流装置采用法兰依次连接。Further, the swirl gas-liquid mixer, vortex flowmeter and orifice throttling device are sequentially connected by flanges.
本发明还公开了一种孔板涡街气液计量装置的计算方法，包括以下步骤：The invention also discloses a calculation method of the orifice vortex street gas-liquid metering device, which includes the following steps:
S1、从气井井筒出来的气液两相流体通过旋流气液混合器使气液混合成近似雾状的气液混合流体；S1. The gas-liquid two-phase fluid coming out of the wellbore of the gas well passes through the swirling gas-liquid mixer to mix the gas-liquid into a gas-liquid mixed fluid that is approximately misty;
S2、步骤S1所述气液混合流体依次通过孔板节流装置和涡街流量计，通过测得的差压、压力、温度参数，得到混合流体质量流量Qm和混合流体工况体积流量Qv；S2. The gas-liquid mixed fluid described in step S1 passes through the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter in sequence, and obtains the mixed fluid mass flow rate Q m and the mixed fluid working condition volume flow rate Q through the measured differential pressure, pressure, and temperature parameters v ;
S3、通过设置的压力传感器、差压传感器、温度传感器、涡街流量计将测得的流体压力、孔板前后差压、流体温度、流体工况体积流量参数通过信号线传输至气液流量计算仪；S3. Through the set pressure sensor, differential pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and vortex flowmeter, the measured fluid pressure, differential pressure before and after the orifice plate, fluid temperature, and fluid working condition volume flow parameters are transmitted to the gas-liquid flow calculation through the signal line instrument;
S4、所述气液流量计算仪根据步骤S3获得的参数计算输出气、液各相工况体积流量Q气和Q液、流体压力、温度参数。S4. The gas-liquid flow calculator calculates the output gas and liquid phase volume flow Q gas and Q liquid , fluid pressure and temperature parameters according to the parameters obtained in step S3.
进一步的，步骤S2中，所述混合流体质量流量Qm计算如下：Further, in step S2, the mass flow Q m of the mixed fluid is calculated as follows:
其中，C为流出系数，β为节流装置直径比，ε膨胀系数，d为孔板孔径，ρ为气液混合流体工况平均密度，ΔP为差压。Among them, C is the outflow coefficient, β is the diameter ratio of the throttling device, ε expansion coefficient, d is the aperture of the orifice plate, ρ is the average density of the gas-liquid mixed fluid working condition, and ΔP is the differential pressure.
进一步的，步骤S2中，所述混合流体工况体积流量Qv计算如下：Further, in step S2, the volume flow rate Q v of the mixed fluid working condition is calculated as follows:
其中，C为流出系数，β为节流装置直径比，ε膨胀系数，d为孔板孔径，ρ为气液混合流体工况平均密度，ΔP为差压。Among them, C is the outflow coefficient, β is the diameter ratio of the throttling device, ε expansion coefficient, d is the aperture of the orifice plate, ρ is the average density of the gas-liquid mixed fluid working condition, and ΔP is the differential pressure.
进一步的，步骤S4中，所述气、液各相工况体积流量Q气和Q液计算如下：Further, in step S4, the volume flow rate Q gas and Q liquid of each phase of gas and liquid are calculated as follows:
其中，ρ为混合流体工况平均密度，ρ气、ρ液为气、液单相工况密度，Qv为气、液单相工况体积流量之和，根据已知的流体压力、温度参数，由式(6)、(7)即可得出气液工况体积流量。Among them, ρ is the average density of the mixed fluid working condition, ρ gas and ρ liquid are the density of gas and liquid single-phase working conditions, Q v is the sum of the volume flow rate of gas and liquid single-phase working conditions, according to the known fluid pressure and temperature parameters , the volume flow rate of the gas-liquid condition can be obtained from formulas (6) and (7).
进一步的，所述混合流体工况平均密度ρ计算如下：Further, the average density ρ of the mixed fluid working condition is calculated as follows:
其中，ΔP为差压，C为流出系数，β为节流装置直径比，ε膨胀系数，d为孔板孔径，Qv为混合流体工况体积流量。Among them, ΔP is the differential pressure, C is the outflow coefficient, β is the diameter ratio of the throttling device, ε expansion coefficient, d is the aperture of the orifice plate, and Q v is the volume flow rate of the mixed fluid working condition.
与现有技术相比，本发明至少具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
本发明孔板涡街气液计量装置通过将孔板流量计与涡街流量计串联测量气液两相流量，并在装置前段设置有旋流气液混合器，使气液两相均匀混合近似雾状流，使计算出的混合流体工况平均密度更加接近真实值，提高流量测量精度。The orifice vortex gas-liquid metering device of the present invention measures the gas-liquid two-phase flow by connecting the orifice plate flowmeter and the vortex flowmeter in series, and a swirl gas-liquid mixer is arranged in the front section of the device, so that the gas-liquid two-phase is uniformly mixed similar to fog The shape flow makes the calculated average density of the mixed fluid condition closer to the real value and improves the flow measurement accuracy.
进一步的，气液流量计算仪可以模块化设置在差压变送器内，简化结构。Furthermore, the gas-liquid flow calculator can be modularly set in the differential pressure transmitter, which simplifies the structure.
进一步的，旋流气液混合器、孔板节流装置和涡街流量计采用法兰依次连接，且孔板节流装置和涡街流量计可互换安装，便于根据现场气井井口实际尺寸进行安装。Furthermore, the swirl gas-liquid mixer, the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter are sequentially connected by flanges, and the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter can be installed interchangeably, which is convenient for installation according to the actual size of the gas well head on site .
本发明还公开了一种孔板涡街气液计算方法，先将从气井井筒出来的气液两相流体通过旋流气液混合器混合成近似雾状的气液混合流体；再将气液混合流体依次通过孔板节流装置和涡街流量计，通过测得的差压、压力、温度参数，得到混合流体质量流量和混合流体工况体积流量；然后将测得的流体压力、孔板前后差压、流体温度、流体工况体积流量参数通过信号线传输至气液流量计算仪，由气液流量计算仪计算得到气、液各相工况体积流量、流体压力、温度参数，采用该方法计算气液两相流量装置结构简单、成本低、且精度较高。The invention also discloses a gas-liquid calculation method of orifice plate vortex street. Firstly, the gas-liquid two-phase fluid coming out of the wellbore of the gas well is mixed into a gas-liquid mixed fluid in the form of a mist through a swirl gas-liquid mixer; The fluid passes through the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter in turn, and the mass flow rate of the mixed fluid and the volume flow rate of the mixed fluid are obtained through the measured differential pressure, pressure, and temperature parameters; then the measured fluid pressure, the front and rear of the orifice plate The parameters of differential pressure, fluid temperature, and fluid operating condition volume flow are transmitted to the gas-liquid flow calculator through the signal line, and the gas-liquid flow calculator calculates the volume flow, fluid pressure, and temperature parameters of each phase of gas and liquid. This method is adopted The device for calculating gas-liquid two-phase flow has simple structure, low cost and high precision.
进一步的，气井开采过程中普遍出液，随着气井的持续开发，气井产气量逐渐降低，当气井产量低于气井井筒临界携液流量时，液体从井筒中无法被带出地面，导致井底积液，气井产气量下降甚至停产。如能实时掌握气井气、液流量，便可及时有效的采取有针对性的排水采气生产措施，使气井保持正常生产。Furthermore, liquid is generally produced during gas well development. With the continuous development of gas wells, the gas production rate of gas wells gradually decreases. Liquid accumulation, the gas production of gas wells decreased or even shut down. If the gas and liquid flow rate of the gas well can be grasped in real time, targeted water drainage and gas recovery production measures can be taken in a timely and effective manner to keep the gas well in normal production.
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明孔板涡街气液计量装置结构图；Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the orifice plate vortex street gas-liquid metering device of the present invention;
图2为本发明孔板涡街气液计量装置安装流程。Figure 2 is the installation process of the orifice vortex street gas-liquid metering device of the present invention.
其中：1.旋流气液混合器；2.孔板节流装置；3.压力变送器；4.差压变送器；5.温度变送器；6.涡街流量计；7.气液流量计算仪；8.信号线。Among them: 1. Swirl gas-liquid mixer; 2. Orifice throttling device; 3. Pressure transmitter; 4. Differential pressure transmitter; 5. Temperature transmitter; 6. Vortex flowmeter; 7. Gas Liquid flow calculator; 8. Signal line.
具体实施方式detailed description
请参阅图1，本发明公开了一种孔板涡街气液两相计量装置，包括用于将气液两相流均匀混合成雾状流的旋流气液混合器1、用于产生差压的孔板节流装置2以及测量混合流体工况体积流量的涡街流量计6。Please refer to Fig. 1, the present invention discloses an orifice vortex gas-liquid two-phase metering device, including a swirl gas-liquid mixer 1 for uniformly mixing the gas-liquid two-phase flow into a mist flow, and a gas-liquid mixer for generating a differential pressure The orifice throttling device 2 and the vortex flowmeter 6 for measuring the volume flow rate of the mixed fluid working condition.
所述旋流气液混合器1、孔板节流装置2和涡街流量计6采用法兰依次连接，所述旋流气液混合器1和孔板节流装置2之间设置有压力变送器3，所述孔板节流装置2上设置有差压变送器4，在所述孔板节流装置2和涡街流量计6之间设置温度变送器5，The swirl gas-liquid mixer 1, the orifice throttling device 2 and the vortex flowmeter 6 are sequentially connected by flanges, and a pressure transmitter is arranged between the swirl gas-liquid mixer 1 and the orifice throttling device 2 3. The orifice throttling device 2 is provided with a differential pressure transmitter 4, and a temperature transmitter 5 is arranged between the orifice throttling device 2 and the vortex flowmeter 6,
混合流体通过所述孔板节流装置2产生差压，通过压力变送器3、差压变送器4、温度变送器5和涡街流量计6分别测量流体静压、孔板前后差压、温度以及流体工况体积流量参数，所述压力变送器3、差压变送器4、温度变送器5和涡街流量计6分别通过信号线8将测量信号传输至气液流量计算仪7，通过所述气液流量计算仪7进行气、液流量计算、输出和显示。The mixed fluid passes through the orifice throttling device 2 to generate a differential pressure, and the hydrostatic pressure and the difference between the front and rear of the orifice are respectively measured by the pressure transmitter 3, the differential pressure transmitter 4, the temperature transmitter 5 and the vortex flowmeter 6. Pressure, temperature, and volumetric flow parameters of fluid working conditions, the pressure transmitter 3, differential pressure transmitter 4, temperature transmitter 5 and vortex flowmeter 6 transmit the measurement signal to the gas-liquid flow rate through the signal line 8 respectively The calculator 7 is used to calculate, output and display the gas and liquid flow rates through the gas-liquid flow calculator 7 .
优选的，气液流量计算仪7可模块化内置在所述差压变送器4表头内，便于简化结构。Preferably, the gas-liquid flow calculator 7 can be modularly built in the head of the differential pressure transmitter 4, which is convenient for simplifying the structure.
优选的，所述孔板节流装置2和涡街流量计6可互换位置安装。Preferably, the orifice throttling device 2 and the vortex flowmeter 6 can be installed in interchangeable positions.
请参阅图1和图2，本发明孔板涡街气液两相计算方法如下：Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the gas-liquid two-phase calculation method of orifice plate vortex street of the present invention is as follows:
S1、从气井井筒出来的气液两相流体经一系列弯头、阀门后进入本装置，首先通过旋流气液混合器1，使气液混合近似雾状流；S1. The gas-liquid two-phase fluid coming out of the wellbore of the gas well enters the device through a series of elbows and valves, and first passes through the swirl gas-liquid mixer 1 to make the gas-liquid mixture approximate to a mist flow;
S2、然后经过孔板节流装置和涡街流量计，气液混合流体通过所述孔板节流装置通过测得的差压、压力、温度参数，可得出混合流体质量流量；S2, then through the orifice throttling device and the vortex flowmeter, the gas-liquid mixed fluid passes through the orifice throttling device through the measured differential pressure, pressure, and temperature parameters, and the mass flow rate of the mixed fluid can be obtained;
所述孔板节流装置的质量流量Qm见下式：The mass flow rate Q of the orifice throttling device is shown in the following formula:
其中，C为流出系数，β为节流装置直径比，ε膨胀系数，d为孔板孔径，当节流装置一定，流体压力、温度已知时，以上参数可直接计算得出；ρ为气液混合流体工况平均密度，是未知量；ΔP为差压，通过差压传感器测得。Among them, C is the outflow coefficient, β is the diameter ratio of the throttling device, ε expansion coefficient, and d is the aperture of the orifice plate. When the throttling device is fixed and the fluid pressure and temperature are known, the above parameters can be directly calculated; ρ is the gas The average density of the liquid mixed fluid working condition is an unknown quantity; ΔP is the differential pressure, which is measured by a differential pressure sensor.
所述涡街流量计可提供混合流体工况体积流量Qv，流体通过孔板节流装置2与涡街流量计的流量应相等，根据式(1)可得到下式：The vortex flowmeter can provide the volume flow Q v of the mixed fluid working condition, and the flow rate of the fluid passing through the orifice throttling device 2 and the vortex flowmeter should be equal. According to formula (1), the following formula can be obtained:
其中，C为流出系数，β为节流装置直径比，ε膨胀系数，d为孔板孔径，当节流装置一定，流体压力、温度已知时，以上参数可直接计算得出；ρ为气液混合流体工况平均密度，是未知量；ΔP为差压，通过差压传感器测得。Among them, C is the outflow coefficient, β is the diameter ratio of the throttling device, ε expansion coefficient, and d is the aperture of the orifice plate. When the throttling device is fixed and the fluid pressure and temperature are known, the above parameters can be directly calculated; ρ is the gas The average density of the liquid mixed fluid working condition is an unknown quantity; ΔP is the differential pressure, which is measured by a differential pressure sensor.
S3、设置的压力传感器、差压传感器、温度传感器、涡街流量计将测得的流体压力、孔板前后差压、流体温度、流体工况体积流量参数通过信号线传输至气液流量计算仪；S3. The set pressure sensor, differential pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and vortex flowmeter transmit the measured fluid pressure, differential pressure before and after the orifice plate, fluid temperature, and fluid operating condition volume flow parameters to the gas-liquid flow calculator through the signal line ;
S4、气液流量计算仪按照流量计算方法计算输出气、液各相体积流量、流体压力、温度等参数。S4. The gas-liquid flow calculator calculates the output gas and liquid phase volume flow, fluid pressure, temperature and other parameters according to the flow calculation method.
根据式(2)可计算出混合流体工况平均密度ρ见下式：According to the formula (2), the average density ρ of the mixed fluid working condition can be calculated as follows:
混合流体工况体积流量为气、液单相工况体积流量之和Qv如下：The volume flow rate of the mixed fluid working condition is the sum of the volume flow rate Q v of the gas and liquid single-phase working conditions as follows:
Qv＝Q气+Q液 (4)Q v = Q gas + Q liquid (4)
混合流体质量流量为气、液单相质量流量之和Qvρ如下：The mass flow rate of the mixed fluid is the sum of the gas and liquid single-phase mass flow rate Q v ρ as follows:
Qvρ＝Q气ρ气+Q液ρ液 (5)Q v ρ=Q gas ρ gas +Q liquid ρ liquid (5)
气、液单相的标况密度可通过取样测出，根据压力、温度传感器测得的压力、温度参数，可计算出气、液单相工况密度ρ气、ρ液，由式(4)、(5)联合求解可计算出气、液各相工况体积流量。The standard condition density of gas and liquid single-phase can be measured by sampling. According to the pressure and temperature parameters measured by pressure and temperature sensors, the gas and liquid single-phase working condition densities ρgas and ρliquid can be calculated. Formula (4), (5) The joint solution can calculate the volume flow of each phase of gas and liquid.
其中，ρ为混合流体工况平均密度，ρ气、ρ液为气、液单相工况密度，Qv为气、液单相工况体积流量之和，根据已知的流体压力、温度参数，由式(6)、(7)即可得出气液工况体积流量。Among them, ρ is the average density of the mixed fluid working condition, ρ gas and ρ liquid are the density of gas and liquid single-phase working conditions, Q v is the sum of the volume flow rate of gas and liquid single-phase working conditions, according to the known fluid pressure and temperature parameters , the volume flow rate of the gas-liquid condition can be obtained from formulas (6) and (7).
采用上述方法测量气井气液两相流量装置结构简单，成本低，计量精度较高。The device for measuring the gas-liquid two-phase flow of a gas well by the above method has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high measurement accuracy.
以上内容仅为说明本发明的技术思想，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围，凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明权利要求书的保护范围之内。The above content is only to illustrate the technical ideas of the present invention, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solutions according to the technical ideas proposed in the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. within the scope of protection.
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