CN100434870C - Gas-liquid polyphase flow separating rectifying device and measurement device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to one gas to liquid separation integral current device, which comprises shell set with sealed separation chamber with top side set with water guide tube and the guide tube and guide flow outer tube are connected; the shell down part is set with liquid collection guide tube through shell into separation chamber; the liquid collection guide tube orderly comprises guide section, liquid mixture section, gas and liquid mixture section, exit one; the separation chamber top is set with gas guide tube connected with gas and liquid mixture section; guide flow tube is connected to gas guide tube vertical section; the liquid collection tube exit section is set with main gas liquid even integral mixture device.

Description

Gas-liquid polyphase flow separates fairing and measurement mechanism thereof

(1) technical field

The present invention relates to the pick-up unit that a kind of gas-liquid polyphase flow separates fairing and is used to measure the oil-water-gas multiphase flow body, especially a kind of measurement mechanism that can effectively improve profit gas three-phase flow measuring accuracy.

(2) background technology

In order to reduce the production cost of petroleum gas, the multiphase flow measurement The Application of Technology is extensively paid attention to by oil circle.With simple in structure, the high-tech means of relatively inexpensive on-line measurement replaces the common recognition that production model that existing expensive separation pot type measures has become oil circle.Particularly, reduce particularly important that production cost just becomes along with the production-scale continuous expansion of marine oil.

The measurement Research of oil gas water multiphase, start from the 1980s, though after this research and development that adapt with the oil exploitation industry have obtained very big development, particularly to measuring accuracy below ± 5%, simple in structure, easy to operate, high reliability is not become the important research objective of this industry by the multi-phase flowmeter that heterogeneous flow state influenced.Polyphasic flow is theoretical also to form ripe system with its measuring technique but be based on, and several multiphase flow measurement instruments of exploitation appearance also have very big distance from the requirement of oil production industry in the world at present.

Because Petroleum Production, on the oil well face of land because the rock gas that decompression is separated more complicated with the nowed forming change of crude oil.At some deep-wells, gas volume can appear than greater than 90% polyphasic flow state.The polyphasic flow of state can not effectively be measured with common flowmeter commonly used like this.And multi-phase flowmeter is the effective measuring method of these complicated multiphase fluid measurements of reply a kind of brand-new science of arising at the historic moment.With regard to present achievement in research, be to adopt venturi principle to solve the component measurement of liquids and gases mostly, with the S. E. A. of gamma line source or utilize the S. E. A. of microwave remote sensor or the related function method of electromagnetic sensor and profit branch to calculate oily moisture rate.But solving on the polyphasic flow form scheme, or the homogeneous polyphasic flow can't be provided, or structure is huge, so be not able to promotion and application.

The oil field generally is to utilize separating tank that polyphasic flow is carried out gas and fluid separation applications now, then monophasic fluid is measured, and oily moisture rate then is to adopt the sampling back to utilize chemically separated method measurement to be achieved multiphase flow measurement in the laboratory.The shortcoming of this measuring system has: the isolating construction complexity, and bulky, the cost height, maintenance is difficult, can not realize real-time online measuring, is not suitable for subsea survey.

(3) summary of the invention

Difficult for the complex structure that overcomes existing pot type gas-liquid separation device, cost height, maintenance, proofread and correct cost height, deficiency that measuring accuracy is low, the invention provides a kind of simple in structure, volume is little, and cost is low, and the gas-liquid polyphase flow that measuring accuracy is high separates fairing.

Can not realize real-time online measuring for what overcome that existing oil-water-gas multiphase flow measuring system exists, be not suitable for the deficiency of subsea survey; The invention provides a kind ofly about must not separating and can measure simultaneously oil-water-gas multiphase flow, do not have the multiphase flow measurement device that separates real-time online measuring special crude oil, rock gas, profit being graded in the marine oil gas field etc.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A kind of gas-liquid polyphase flow separates fairing, comprises shell, is airtight disengagement chamber in the described shell, and the upper side of described disengagement chamber is provided with horizontal ingress pipe, and described ingress pipe is connected with the outer tube that imports fluid by flange; Described outer casing underpart is provided with the liquid collecting duct, and described liquid collecting duct stretches into disengagement chamber inside by shell and is communicated with disengagement chamber, and described liquid collecting duct comprises introduction segment, liquid mixing section, gas-liquid mixed section, outlet section successively; Described disengagement chamber top is provided with gas conduit, and described gas conduit is communicated with the gas-liquid mixed section of described liquid collecting duct; Described disengagement chamber middle part is communicated with mozzle, and described mozzle middle part is provided with the flow rate regulating valve door, and described mozzle communicates with the vertical section of described gas conduit, is provided with main gas-liquid homogeneous rectification mixer in the described liquid collecting duct outlet section; Described disengagement chamber bottom is provided with drain catheter, and described drain catheter is provided with valve; The introduction segment of described liquid collecting duct is provided with flow control valve.

Further, normal screw type is installed in the described ingress pipe adds spigot, described screw type adds spigot and tube wall close fit.

Further again, also be provided with homogeneous rectification mixer in the described liquid mixing section.

Further, described main gas-liquid homogeneous rectification mixer comprises helical bundle type static mixer, described helical bundle type static mixer comprises the helical element more than three or three, the helix angle of described helical element is 180 °, each helical element size is equal to, and described adjacent helical element is fixedly connected to form helical bundle, described helical bundle and tube wall close fit, tangent between the described adjacent helical element, tangent between the helical element of the tube wall of described pipeline and vicinity.

The pipeline of described liquid collecting duct is a circular pipe, the helical element of described helical bundle type static mixer is that 1+3n (n+1) is individual, wherein n is a natural number, the axle center of a helical element is identical with the axle center of circular pipe, outer helical element and internal layer adjacent helical element are tangent or approximate tangent, with tangent or approximate tangent between the helical element adjacent in one deck.

The end that described normal screw type adds spigot is provided with annulus, and described annulus is fixedlyed connected with the end of ingress pipe; The end of each helical element of helical bundle type static mixer is provided with annulus, and each adjacent annulus is fixedly connected.

The porch of described ingress pipe is provided with flange, and the exit of liquid collecting duct is provided with flange.Be connected with outer tube by flange.

The introduction segment of described liquid collecting duct is provided with opening gatherer up, and described gatherer front end is provided with filtration unit.Preferred a kind of scheme is: the top of described filtration unit is communicated with gas conduit.

The internal diameter of the introduction segment of described liquid collecting duct is littler than gas-liquid mixed section internal diameter.

The outlet of described gas conduit is provided with bending tube, and it is interior and consistent with the flow direction of gas-liquid mixture fluid that described bending tube stretches into described gas-liquid mixed section.

Described shell comprises housing, top, base, fixedlys connected with housing in the top, and base is fixedlyed connected with housing.The inlet end of described mozzle is provided with filtrator, and described filtrator is installed in inner walls.Described drain catheter is installed on the base, and described gas conduit comprises the bending tube that is communicated with disengagement chamber top, and horizontal wireway, the vertical wireway that is communicated with horizontal wireway, described vertical wireway pass described gas-liquid mixed section and be communicated with it; Described mozzle is communicated with vertical wireway middle part, and described housing middle part is communicated with mozzle, and described mozzle stage casing is provided with flow control valve and is communicated with the vertical gas body canal.

The middle part of liquid conduits is provided with flow control valve, be used to regulate this separation device in its flow specification limit the time liquid in the disengagement chamber can be full of catheter as far as possible, when the liquid collecting duct can not be carried separating liquid fully, excess liquid will flow into the gas-liquid mixed section by mozzle, and it separates liquid level can collect the purpose of liquid in fluid collection tube to reach as far as possible by the control valve adjusting that is arranged on the mozzle.Because fluid collection tube is straight-through interior top of chamber, thus the separating liquid of each perpendicular slice in the disengagement chamber can be collected, thus real-time liquid change shape is provided as much as possible, improve the measuring accuracy of oily moisture rate.Described fluid collection tube middle part is provided with flow control valve, can make liquid be full of collection tube to greatest extent by regulating this valve, in the hope of improving the measuring accuracy that profit is divided.

The described gas-liquid polyphase flow of a kind of usefulness separates the gas-liquid polyphase flow measurement mechanism that fairing is realized, described measurement mechanism comprises that polyphasic flow separates fairing, checkout equipment, checkout equipment comprises the differential pressure gauge of the pressure loss of measuring described static mixer, the pressure gauge of measurement line pressure, the liquid supplementary device that exhaust is used, the thermometer of sensor, signal processor and the measurement line temperature of speed pickup, the oily moisture rate of measurement.Described differential pressure gauge is positioned at described gas-liquid mixed section, described pressure gauge is positioned at outlet section, described speed pickup is positioned at outlet section, described oily moisture rate sensor is positioned at the liquid mixing section, described temperature sensor is positioned at the gas-liquid mixed section, and the liquid supplementary device is installed in the described differential pressure measurement pipe upper outlet section; Described signal processor comprises:

Oil moisture rate computing unit is used for the profit sub sensor being set in order to measure the oily moisture rate of liquid, promptly at the liquid conduits middle part

wc＝C _mpI _mp (1)

In the following formula, C _MpBe moisture rate coefficient, I _MpCurrent value for moisture rate.

Then density of liquid can be calculated with following formula,

ρ _L＝wc(ρ _w-ρ _o)+ρ _o (2)

In the following formula, ρ _w, ρ _oBe respectively the density of water and oil.Promptly

ρ _o＝X ₂T ²+Y ₂T+B ₂ (4)

ρ _w＝X ₃T ²+Y ₃T+B ₃ (5)

In the following formula, X _i, Y _iBe temperature varying coefficient (i=2,3) that T is temperature, B ₂, B ₃Be oil, the density of water when zero degree.

The average velocity computing unit is used for the average velocity that speed pickup below described gas-liquid mixed section is measured polyphasic flow, promptly

$V_{\mathrm{mp}}=\frac{R_m\mathrm{\ω}}{v_{\mathrm{mp}}}---\left(6\right)$

In the following formula, ω is the angular velocity of speed pickup, R _mRepresentative radius for speed pickup; v _MpBe velocity ratio, its formula is,

$v_{\mathrm{mp}}=X_1{(\mathrm{wc}+C1)}^2+Y_1{e}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}}+v_s---\left(7\right)$

In the following formula, X ₁, Y ₁Be velocity ratio loss coefficient, C ₁Be viscosity related coefficient, C ₂Be velocity ratio coefficient, v _sVelocity ratio for single-phase flow

Gas volume is than computing unit, utilizes the relation of the pressure loss that the main homogeneous mixer of venturi principle by described gas-liquid mixed section produced and hydrodynamic to calculate the volumetric ratio of gas, promptly

$\mathrm{\ΔP}=k_s{\mathrm{\λ}}_s{\mathrm{\ρ}}_G{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2\mathrm{GV}{F}^{2+z}---\left(13\right)$

In the following formula, k _sFor the pressure loss than coefficient, λ _sBe pressure drop coefficient, ρ _GBe the density of gas, z is the characteristic coefficient of mixer

In order to calculate each flow of heterogeneous fluid, adopt the Newton-Raphson iterative method at this, promptly

$m(\mathrm{\ΔP},\mathrm{GVF},V_{\mathrm{mp}})=\mathrm{\ΔP}-k_s{\mathrm{\λ}}_s{\mathrm{\ρ}}_G{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2{\mathrm{GVF}}^{2+z}=0---\left(15\right)$

h(wc，ρ _L)＝wcρ _w-(1-wc)ρ _O-ρ _L＝0 (16)

In the following formula, the density of gas adopts following formula to try to achieve, promptly

${\mathrm{\ρ}}_G={\mathrm{\ρ}}_{G0}\frac{273.15}{273.15+T}\·\frac{P}{P_0}---\left(17\right)$

ρ _G0, P ₀Be respectively the density and the standard atmospheric pressure of the gas that normal atmosphere depresses.

Utilize (14), (15) and (16) formula can be formed following company cube journey.

$\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& m_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ 0& 0& {\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{wc}}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_O\end{array}\right|\left|\begin{array}{c}V-V_0\\ \mathrm{GVF}-{\mathrm{GVF}}_0\\ \mathrm{wc}-{\mathrm{wc}}_0\end{array}\right|=\left|\begin{array}{c}-f\\ -m\\ -h\end{array}\right|---\left(18\right)$

In the following formula, to each function carry out partial differential can obtain following various,

$f_V=X_1{(\mathrm{wc}+C_1)}^2+Y_1{e}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}}+v_s,f_{\mathrm{GVF}}=C_2{Y}_1{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}{\mathrm{GVFe}}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}},f_{\mathrm{wc}}=2V_{\mathrm{mp}}{X}_1(\mathrm{wc}+C_1)$

$m_V=-2k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G{\mathrm{GVF}}^{2+z}{V}_{\mathrm{mp}},m_{\mathrm{GVF}}=-(2+z)k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="G\; GVF"\; filenames="C20061004929900241.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{GVF}}^{}{}^{1+z}{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2,m_{\mathrm{wc}}=0$

f≡f(V ₀，GVF ₀，wc ₀)，m≡m(V ₀，GVF ₀，wc ₀)，h≡h(ρ _L0，wc ₀)

Utilize (18) formula that the Gauss elimination method asks separate for:

$V_{\mathrm{mp}}^{n+1}=V_{\mathrm{mp}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}-f& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ -m& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& 0\\ -h& 0& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_W-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|---\left(19\right)$

${\mathrm{GVF}}^{n+1}={\mathrm{GVF}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& -f& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& -m& 0\\ 0& -h& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{wc}}-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|---\left(20\right)$

${\mathrm{wc}}^{n+1}={\mathrm{wc}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& -f\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& -m\\ 0& 0& -h\end{array}\right|---\left(21\right)$

In the following formula, $J=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& 0\\ 0& 0& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_W-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|,$ The condition of convergence is, | wc ^N+1-wc ⁿ|≤10 ^-6, perhaps | GVF ^N+1-GVF ⁿ|≤10 ^-6

Can try to achieve oily moisture rate wc when the condition of convergence is set up, gas volume is than the average velocity V of GVF and polyphasic flow _Mp

Volumetric flow rate is calculated the unit, is used to calculate the total volumetric flow rate Q of polyphasic flow _Mp, the volume flow Q of gas _GAnd the volume flow Q of liquid _L, can try to achieve by following formula:

Q _mp＝V _mp/A (22)

Q _G＝GVF·Q _mp (23)

Q _L＝(1-GVF)·Q _mp (24)

In the following formula, A is the useful area of pipeline.

Principle of work of the present invention is: utilize normal screw type to add spigot heterogeneous fluid is introduced disengagement chamber and formed rotating fluid.Because the effect of centripetal force, the fluid that the bigger fluid of density can radius vector be assembled outward, density is little can accumulate in the center of circle around.Thereby the gas-liquid polyphase flow body is carried out gas-liquid separation for the first time by such processing; After above-mentioned polyphasic flow entered disengagement chamber, because the density difference of fluid, heterogeneous fluid can carry out the secondary gas-liquid separation by nature; Each position of the upper, middle and lower of disengagement chamber is respectively equipped with gas conduit, mozzle, liquid collecting duct, and carry out the liquid homogeneous mixes in the front portion of liquid conduits, thereby the profit sub sensor that its below is installed provides homogeneous and stable accurate liquid flow form, thereby has improved the measuring accuracy of oily moisture rate; Gas-liquid mixed is once more carried out in mixing stage casing at fluid collection tube, mixed fluid is by a special static homogeneous rectification mixer, thereby the speed pickup that its below is installed provides homogeneous and stable heterogeneous nowed forming, can increase substantially the measuring accuracy of gas-liquid two-phase fluid.

Measuring method of the present invention is: at first the horizontal position setting of the liquid collecting duct on aforementioned separation mixing arrangement can be measured the oily moisture rate of fluid or the instrument or the sensor of density, and liquid is implemented oily moisture rate or density measure and obtained corresponding signal; The dirty speed pickup of static homogeneous mixer that utilization is arranged at the below of aforementioned gas-liquid mixed portion is measured the corresponding signal of the flow velocity of polyphasic flow; Adopt pressure difference transducer and pressure transducer to measure upper reaches and the dirty pressure differential and the corresponding signal of pressure of aforementioned static mixer, by implement in 3 (a) to (d) thus each processing procedure can handle aforementioned each signal and calculate the oily moisture rate that obtains corresponding polyphasic flow, gas volume than, gas-liquid flow velocity or volumetric flow rate, total volumetric flow rate, total mass flow rate and density of liquid.

Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows: 1, simple in structure, easy to maintenance, cost is low; 2, can improve the measuring accuracy of each phase fluid of polyphasic flow; 3, convection cell carries out refinement, homogeneous rectification, and stable without spin heterogeneous fluid form can be provided.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that gas-liquid polyphase flow separates the fairing sectional drawing.

Fig. 2 is that gas-liquid polyphase flow separates the fairing outside drawing.

Fig. 3 is that gas-liquid polyphase flow separates the fairing vertical view.

Fig. 4 is that liquid is collected the adjusting portion structural drawing.

Fig. 5 is the filter fixing structure figure that is provided with in the fluid collection tube.

Fig. 6 is the side view that ordinary helix adds spigot.

Fig. 7 is that ordinary helix adds the spigot structural drawing.

Fig. 8 is based on the structural drawing that gas-liquid polyphase flow separates the flowmeter example of fairing.

Fig. 9 is a process flow diagram of judging whether the condition of convergence is set up.

(5) embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.

Embodiment 1

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, a kind of gas-liquid polyphase flow separates fairing, comprises shell (1), is disengagement chamber in the described shell (1), the upper lateral part of described shell (1) is provided with ingress pipe (2), and described ingress pipe (2) is connected with the outer tube that is used to import fluid; Described shell (1) downside is provided with liquid collecting duct (3), described liquid collecting duct (3) stretches into the disengagement chamber bottom, and described liquid collecting duct (3) comprises filter for molten (6-2), liquid header (3-1), liquid conduits (3-2), liquid mixing portion, gas-liquid mixed section (3-6), gas-liquid rectification section (3-7), outlet section; Described shell (1) bottom is provided with drain catheter (1-7); Described shell upper is provided with gas conduit (4-1), described gas conduit comprises the bending tube that is communicated with housing top, horizontal wireway, disintegration with flange (4-2), the vertical wireway (4-5) that is communicated with horizontal duct, and the middle part that described vertical wireway (4-5) passes described liquid collecting duct (3) is communicated with the gas-liquid mixed section; Described disengagement chamber middle part is communicated with mozzle (5-1), and the horizontal part art end that the horizontal middle of described mozzle is provided with variable valve (5-2), described mozzle is communicated with vertical wireway (4-5) middle part; The stage casing of described liquid conduits is provided with flow control valve (3-3), is provided with main static homogeneous rectification mixer (3-7) in dirty section of above-mentioned outlet section.

The external diameter of the introduction segment of described liquid collecting duct is littler than gas-liquid mixed section external diameter.The endpiece of described vertical wireway is provided with horizontal bending section, and this horizontal bending section stretches into the gas-liquid mixed section, and the Way out of described horizontal bending section is consistent with the flow direction of fluid-mixing.Described fluid collection tube top is provided with the filter for molten (6-2) that is arranged vertically and is communicated with the gas conduit inlet, the top of described liquid collection unit is the cylinder of an external diameter greater than the catheter external diameter, and its top and wireway open communication, its tube wall is provided with delivery hole, the bottom of described collection unit is a collapsible tube portion, and described collapsible tube is communicated with the liquid catheter of level.Pars intermedia in the described shell is provided with barrier plate, and described barrier plate cooperates with the inlet of mozzle, and is provided with screen pack (5-3) in its porch, and described screen pack is fixed on the internal chamber wall by stationary installation (5-4).Described shell comprises top (1-2), top cover (1-3), pars intermedia, base (1-6), cover top portion is connected with bolt (1-4) with top cover, and all fixedly connected with housing with base in the top, described barrier plate is installed on the inner walls, and described drain catheter is installed on the base.The porch of described ingress pipe, the exit of liquid collecting duct is provided with flange.

The outside of described fluid collection tube is provided with filtrator (6-2), this filtrator bottom is placed on the outside set bracing frame of hypomere of fluid collection tube (6-1), its top is provided with set collar (6-3), and described set collar is fixedlyed connected with cover top portion (1-2) with bolt (6-4).

The course of work of present embodiment is: gas-liquid polyphase flow is introduced disengagement chamber from ingress pipe (2), disengagement chamber is the secondary separation space, gas in the fluid, liquid are separated, the upper, middle and lower of disengagement chamber is respectively equipped with gas conduit, mozzle, liquid collecting duct, and in the mixer at fluid collection tube middle part, mix once more, flow to homogeneous rectification mixer after the mixing, thereby the heterogeneous nowed forming of homogeneous is provided, can increase substantially measuring accuracy.

Embodiment 2

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, in the present embodiment, normal screw type to be installed in the described ingress pipe to add spigot, the rotation angle of described normal helical element is 180 degree; Be provided with the first helical bundle type static mixer (3-4) in the introduction segment of described liquid conduits, described helical bundle type static mixer comprises the helical element more than three or three, and each helical element size is equal to; Between the described adjacent helical element, tangent or approximate tangent between the tube wall of described helical element and pipeline; The helix angle of described helical element is 180 degree.

Described main homogeneous rectification mixer comprises the helical bundle type static mixer of preposition thin plate chiasma type mixer, postposition.Described secondary mixer is a helical bundle type static mixer.Described helical bundle type static mixer comprises and is no less than three helical element, the mutual affixed one-tenth helical bundle of described each helical element.The end of described normal helical accelerator is provided with annulus (2-4), and described annulus is fixedlyed connected with the end of ingress pipe.The end of each helical element of helical bundle type static mixer is provided with annulus, and each adjacent annulus is fixedly connected.

All the other structures of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1 with the course of work.

The present invention uses normal screw type to add spigot to put english, utilize centripetal force that multi-phase flow is carried out initial gross separation gas-liquid mixture fluid, and then utilize the density difference of fluid-mixing to carry out natural separation, then by special fluid collection device (3-1), and gas-liquid mixed structure again, re-use under the situation of special static mixer (3-7) to fluid-mixing mix, refinement, homogeneous, rectification, thereby the heterogeneous nowed forming of stable homogeneous is provided.And because be provided with the liquid collecting duct, oily moisture rate measurement mechanism is installed, can be increased substantially the measuring accuracy of oily moisture rate at this.And because of having compact conformation, each sensor adapts to sealing, design such as withstand voltage, explosion-proof, is particularly suitable for the seabed on-line measurement.

Embodiment 3

With reference to Fig. 8, a typical application example of the present invention is to utilize the profit sub sensor to measure oily moisture rate in the liquid, utilize speed pickup to measure the volumetric flow rate of fluid-mixing and utilize venturi principle to carry out the component measurement of liquids and gases, thereby realize a kind of novel fluid instrument multiphase fluid measurements.Advantages such as this embodiment has simple and compact for structure, and volume is little, and is cheap, and anti-explosion safety is simple.And carried out producing checking, reached design effect.Present embodiment is made up of two parts, i.e. signal collection system and signal processing system.The signal collection system is by the special static homogeneous rectification mixer (3-7) that is arranged at aforesaid fluid delivery line inside, measure the differential pressure gauge (8) of the pressure differential of this static mixer, the pressure gauge of measurement line pressure (7), speed pickup (12) and the sensor (3-5) of measuring oily moisture rate, signal processor (6), the thermometer of measurement line temperature (10) and be used for the liquid supplementary device (11) that exhaust uses and form.Signal processing is made up of a special flow process control computer module with conversion of signals and calculation function.It can carry out various conversion of signals (A/D), the flow that calculates each phase, functions such as oily moisture rate and signal transmission, storage.

Measuring process is in the signal processor:

(a) to the oily moisture rate of the oil-water two-phase flow after separating or the measurement of density of liquid,

wc＝C _mpI _mp (1)

At this, C _Mp, I _MpBe respectively and adjust coefficient and current output value.

ρ _L＝wc(ρ _w-ρ _o)+ρ _o (2)

At this, ρ _w, ρ _oBe respectively the density of water and oil.Promptly

ρ _o＝X ₂T ²+Y ₂T+B ₂ (4)

ρ _w＝X ₃T ²+Y ₃T+B ₃ (5)

(b) flow velocity of mensuration gas-liquid polyphase flow body:

$V_{\mathrm{mp}}=\frac{R_m\mathrm{\&omega;}}{v_{\mathrm{mp}}}---\left(6\right)$

At this, v _MpBe velocity ratio.The experimental formula that obtains by test.That is,

$v_{\mathrm{mp}}=X_1{(\mathrm{wc}+C1)}^2+Y_1{e}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}}+v_s---\left(7\right)$

At this, v _sVelocity ratio during for single-phase flow.

(c) pressure differential of the static homogeneous mixer of mensuration:

According to Lockhart-Martinelli ⁽¹⁾The separated flow model of gas-liquid two-phase fluid, promptly

${({\mathrm{dP}}_f/\mathrm{dx})}_G={\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_G{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G{V}_G^2---\left(8\right)$

${({\mathrm{dP}}_f/\mathrm{dx})}_L={\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_L{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_L{V}_L^2---\left(9\right)$

The pressure loss during with gas-liquid polyphase flow (Δ P _Mp) the pressure loss (Δ P when the single-phase flow _v) than being defined as the pressure loss than (φ _s ²), the pressure loss of stream can be obtained by integration by the pressure component of part.That is,

$\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{\mathrm{mp}}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_s}=\frac{1}{x_m}{\&Integral;}_0^{x_m}{\mathrm{\&phi;}}_s^2\mathrm{dx}---\left(10\right)$

Under the situation of the gas-liquid mixed of mixer apparatus in pipeline, with the length x of (10) formula to blender _mCarry out the pressure loss that integration can obtain mixer and compare φ _Mp ², promptly

$\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{mp}}}{{\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_s}={\mathrm{\&phi;}}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2---\left(11\right)$

At this, according to verification experimental verification, the long x of the pressure loss of gas-liquid polyphase flow and respective mixer _mThe ratio of the pressure loss of saturated single-phase flow be one and liken physical quantity to certain relation with gas volume, that is,

ΔP _mp/ΔP _G＝k _sGVF ^z (12)

(8) formula (11) formula of bringing into professional etiquette of going forward side by side is whole, can obtain the pressure loss ratio of mixer under the polyphasic flow state, promptly

$\mathrm{\&Delta;P}=k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2{\mathrm{GVF}}^{2+z}---\left(13\right)$

(d) computing method:

In order to calculate each flow of heterogeneous fluid, adopt the Newton-Raphson iterative method at this, promptly

$m(\mathrm{\&Delta;P},\mathrm{GVF},V_{\mathrm{mp}})=\mathrm{\&Delta;P}-k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2{\mathrm{GVF}}^{2+z}=0---\left(15\right)$

h(wc，ρ _L)＝wcρ _w-(1-wc)ρ _O-ρ _L＝0 (16)

In the following formula, the density of gas adopts following formula to try to achieve, promptly

${\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G={\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{G0}\frac{273.15}{273.15+T}\&CenterDot;\frac{P}{P_0}---\left(17\right)$

ρ _G0, P ₀Be respectively the density and the standard atmospheric pressure of the gas that normal atmosphere depresses.

Utilize (14), (15) and (16) formula can be formed following company cube journey.

$\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& m_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ 0& 0& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{wc}}-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|\left|\begin{array}{c}V-V_0\\ \mathrm{GVF}-{\mathrm{GVF}}_0\\ \mathrm{wc}-{\mathrm{wc}}_0\end{array}\right|=\left|\begin{array}{c}-f\\ -m\\ -h\end{array}\right|---\left(18\right)$

In the following formula, to each function carry out partial differential can obtain following various,

$f_V=X_1{(\mathrm{wc}+C_1)}^2+Y_1{e}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}}+v_s,f_{\mathrm{GVF}}=C_2{Y}_1{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}{\mathrm{GVFe}}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}},f_{\mathrm{wc}}=2V_{\mathrm{mp}}{X}_1(\mathrm{wc}+C_1)$

$m_V=-2k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G{\mathrm{GVF}}^{2+z}{V}_{\mathrm{mp}},m_{\mathrm{GVF}}=-(2+z)k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="G\; GVF"\; filenames="C20061004929900241.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{GVF}}^{}{}^{1+z}{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2,m_{\mathrm{wc}}=0$

f≡f(V ₀，GVF ₀，wc ₀)，m≡m(V ₀，GVF ₀，wc ₀)，h≡h(ρ _L0，wc ₀)

Utilize (18) formula that the Gauss elimination method asks separate for:

$V_{\mathrm{mp}}^{n+1}=V_{\mathrm{mp}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}-f& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ -m& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& 0\\ -h& 0& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_W-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|---\left(19\right)$

${\mathrm{GVF}}^{n+1}={\mathrm{GVF}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& -f& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& -m& 0\\ 0& -h& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{wc}}-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|---\left(20\right)$

${\mathrm{wc}}^{n+1}={\mathrm{wc}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& -f\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& -m\\ 0& 0& -h\end{array}\right|---\left(21\right)$

In the following formula, $J=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& 0\\ 0& 0& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_W-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|,$ The condition of convergence is, | wc ^N+1-wc ⁿ|≤10 ^-6, perhaps | GVF ^N+1-GVF ⁿ|≤10 ^-6

With reference to Fig. 9, when setting up, the condition of convergence can try to achieve oily moisture rate wc, and gas volume is than the average velocity V of GVF and polyphasic flow _Mp

(e) calculating of each phase flow rate:

Can calculate each phase flow rate according to the above result who tries to achieve.Promptly

Q _mp＝V _mp/A (22)

Q _G＝GVF·Q _mp (23)

Q _L＝(1-GVF)·Q _mp (24)

Q _o＝(1-wc)·Q _L (25)

Q _w＝wc·Q _L (26)

G _L＝G _w+G _o＝ρ _wQ _w+ρ _oQ _o (27)

G _G＝ρ _gQ _g (28)

G _mp＝G _L+G _G (29)

Present embodiment mainly applies to oil field individual well metering/test, deposit dynamic monitoring and production and monitors in real time: (a) one-well metering/test: replace conventional test separating tank and provide the real-time online multiphase flow rates to measure, oil well is tested.(b) deposit dynamic monitoring: for the operator in oil field provide real-time continuous data, make deposit dynamic monitoring become possibility.(c) produce monitoring in real time: provide polyphasic flow gas phase, liquid phase flow and moisture rate real-time change information, provide significant data for producing to optimize.

The whole signal of the surveying instrument of present embodiment is made of the 4-20mA simulating signal.When signal process signal processor, will carry out the signal A/D conversion.Calculate by separate procedure then, at last flow and the profit branch rate of calculating is illustrated on the presentation surface version LED, perhaps pass the signal to the predetermined area through Network Transmission or wireless transmission.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of gas-liquid polyphase flow separates fairing, it is characterized in that: comprising shell, is airtight disengagement chamber in the described shell, and the upper side of described disengagement chamber is provided with horizontal ingress pipe, and described ingress pipe is connected with the outer tube that imports fluid by flange; Described outer casing underpart is provided with the liquid collecting duct, and described liquid collecting duct stretches into disengagement chamber inside by shell and is communicated with disengagement chamber, and described liquid collecting duct comprises introduction segment, liquid mixing section, gas-liquid mixed section, outlet section successively; Described disengagement chamber top is provided with gas conduit, and described gas conduit is communicated with the gas-liquid mixed section of described liquid collecting duct; Described disengagement chamber middle part is communicated with mozzle, and described mozzle middle part is provided with the flow rate regulating valve door, and described mozzle communicates with the vertical section of described gas conduit, is provided with main gas-liquid homogeneous rectification mixer in the described liquid collecting duct outlet section; All be provided with drain catheter at the bottom of the described disengagement chamber, described drain catheter is provided with valve; The introduction segment of described liquid collecting duct is provided with flow control valve.

2, gas-liquid polyphase flow as claimed in claim 1 separates fairing, it is characterized in that: normal screw type is installed in the described ingress pipe adds spigot, described normal screw type adds spigot and tube wall close fit.

3, gas-liquid polyphase flow as claimed in claim 1 separates fairing, it is characterized in that: described main gas-liquid homogeneous rectification mixer comprises the helical bundle type static mixer of preposition thin plate chiasma type mixer, postposition.

4, gas-liquid polyphase flow as claimed in claim 1 separates fairing, it is characterized in that: be provided with homogeneous rectification mixer in the described liquid mixing section.

5, as claim 1,3, one of 4 described gas-liquid polyphase flows separate fairing, it is characterized in that: described main gas-liquid homogeneous rectification mixer comprises helical bundle type static mixer, described helical bundle type static mixer comprises the helical element more than three or three, the helix angle of described helical element is 180 °, each helical element size is equal to, described adjacent helical element is fixedly connected to form helical bundle, described helical bundle and tube wall close fit, tangent between the described adjacent helical element, tangent between the helical element of the tube wall of described pipeline and vicinity.

6, gas-liquid polyphase flow as claimed in claim 1 separates fairing, and it is characterized in that: the introduction segment of described liquid collecting duct is provided with opening gatherer up, and described gatherer front end is provided with filtration unit.

7, gas-liquid polyphase flow as claimed in claim 1 separates fairing, and it is characterized in that: the internal diameter of the introduction segment of described liquid collecting duct is littler than gas-liquid mixed section internal diameter.

8, gas-liquid polyphase flow as claimed in claim 1 separates fairing, and it is characterized in that: the outlet of described gas conduit is provided with bending tube, and it is interior and consistent with the flow direction of gas-liquid mixture fluid that described bending tube stretches into described gas-liquid mixed section.

9, gas-liquid polyphase flow as claimed in claim 1 separates fairing, it is characterized in that: described shell comprises housing, top, base, fixedlys connected with housing in the top, and base is fixedlyed connected with housing, the inlet end of mozzle is provided with filtrator, and described filtrator is installed in inner walls; Described drain catheter is installed on the base; Described gas conduit comprises the bending tube that is communicated with disengagement chamber top, and horizontal wireway, the vertical wireway that is communicated with horizontal wireway, described vertical wireway pass described gas-liquid mixed section and be communicated with it; Described housing middle part is communicated with mozzle, and described mozzle is communicated with vertical wireway middle part, and described mozzle stage casing is provided with flow control valve and is communicated with the vertical gas body canal.

10, a kind of usefulness gas-liquid polyphase flow as claimed in claim 1 separates the measurement mechanism that fairing is realized, it is characterized in that: described measurement mechanism comprises that polyphasic flow separates fairing, checkout equipment, checkout equipment comprises the differential pressure gauge of the pressure loss of measuring described static mixer, the pressure gauge of measurement line pressure, the liquid supplementary device that exhaust is used, speed pickup, measure the sensor of oily moisture rate, the thermometer of signal processor and measurement line temperature, described differential pressure gauge is positioned at described gas-liquid mixed section, described pressure gauge is positioned at outlet section, described speed pickup is positioned at outlet section, described oily moisture rate sensor is positioned at the liquid mixing section, described temperature sensor is positioned at the gas-liquid mixed section, and the liquid supplementary device is installed on the described differential pressure measurement pipe; Described signal processor comprises:

Oil moisture rate computing unit is used for the profit sub sensor being set in order to measure the oily moisture rate of liquid, promptly at the liquid conduits middle part

wc＝C _mpI _mp (1)

In the following formula, C _MpBe moisture rate coefficient, I _MpCurrent value for moisture rate;

Then density of liquid can be calculated with following formula,

ρ _L＝wc(ρ _w-ρ _o)+ρ _o (2)

In the following formula, ρ _w, ρ _oBe respectively the density of water and oil; Promptly

ρ _o＝X ₂T ²+Y ₂T+B ₂ (4)

ρ _w＝X ₃T ²+Y ₃T+B ₃ (5)

In the following formula, X _i, Y _iBe temperature varying coefficient (i=2,3) that T is temperature, B ₂, B ₃Be oil, the density of water when zero degree;

The average velocity computing unit is used for the average velocity that speed pickup below described gas-liquid mixed section is measured polyphasic flow, promptly

$V_{\mathrm{mp}}=K_v\frac{\mathrm{\&omega;}}{v_{\mathrm{mp}}}---\left(6\right)$

In the following formula, ω is the angular velocity of speed pickup, K _vBe coefficient of speed loss, v _MpBe velocity ratio, its formula is,

$v_{\mathrm{mp}}=X_1{(\mathrm{wc}+C1)}^2+Y_1{e}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}}+v_s---\left(7\right)$

In the following formula, X ₁, Y ₁Be velocity ratio loss coefficient, C ₁Be viscosity related coefficient, C ₂Be velocity ratio coefficient, v _sVelocity ratio for single-phase flow;

Gas volume is than computing unit, utilizes the relation of the pressure loss that the main homogeneous mixer of venturi principle by described gas-liquid mixed section produced and hydrodynamic to calculate the volumetric ratio of gas, promptly

$\mathrm{\&Delta;P}=k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2{\mathrm{GVF}}^{2+z}---\left(13\right)$

In the following formula, k _sFor the pressure loss than coefficient, λ _sBe pressure drop coefficient, ρ _GBe the density of gas, z is the characteristic coefficient of mixer;

In order to calculate each flow of heterogeneous fluid, adopt the Newton-Raphson iterative method at this, promptly

$m(\mathrm{\&Delta;P},\mathrm{GVF},V_{\mathrm{mp}})=\mathrm{\&Delta;P}-k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2{\mathrm{GVF}}^{2+z}=0---\left(15\right)$

h(wc，ρ _L)＝wcρ _w-(1-wc)ρ _o-ρ _L＝0 (16)

In the following formula, the density of gas adopts following formula to try to achieve, promptly

${\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G={\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{G0}\frac{273.15}{273.15+T}\&CenterDot;\frac{P}{P_0}---\left(17\right)$

ρ _G0, P ₀Be respectively the density and the standard atmospheric pressure of the gas that normal atmosphere depresses;

Utilize (14), (15) and (16) formula can be formed following company cube journey;

$\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& m_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ 0& 0& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{wc}}-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|\left|\begin{array}{c}V-V_0\\ \mathrm{GVF}-{\mathrm{GVF}}_0\\ \mathrm{wc}-{\mathrm{wc}}_0\end{array}\right|=\left|\begin{array}{c}-f\\ -m\\ -h\end{array}\right|---\left(18\right)$

In the following formula, to each function carry out partial differential can obtain following various,

$f_V=X_1{(\mathrm{wc}+C_1)}^2+Y_1{e}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}}+v_s,f_{\mathrm{GVF}}=C_2{Y}_1{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}\mathrm{GVF}{e}^{C_2\mathrm{GVF}},$ f _wc＝2V _mpX ₁(wc+C ₁)m _V＝-2k _sλ _sρ _GGVF ^2+zV _mp， $m_{\mathrm{GVF}}=-(2+z)k_s{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_s{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_G\mathrm{GV}{F}^{1+z}{V}_{\mathrm{mp}}^2,$ m _wc＝0f≡f(V ₀，GVF ₀，wc ₀)，m≡m(V ₀，GVF ₀，wc ₀)，h≡h(ρ _L0，wc ₀)

Utilize (18) formula that the Gauss elimination method asks separate for:

$V_{\mathrm{mp}}^{n+1}=V_{\mathrm{mp}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}-f& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ -m& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& 0\\ -h& 0& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_W-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|---\left(19\right)$

${\mathrm{GVF}}^{n+1}={\mathrm{GVF}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& -f& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& -m& 0\\ 0& -h& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{wc}}-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|---\left(20\right)$

${\mathrm{wc}}^{n+1}={\mathrm{wc}}^n-\frac{1}{J}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& -f\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& -m\\ 0& 0& -h\end{array}\right|---\left(21\right)$

In the following formula, $J=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{f}_V& f_{\mathrm{GVF}}& f_{\mathrm{wc}}\\ m_V& m_{\mathrm{GVF}}& 0\\ 0& 0& {\mathrm{\&rho;}}_W-{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_O\end{array}\right|,$ The condition of convergence is, | wc ^N+1-wc ⁿ|≤10 ^-6,

|GVF ⁿ⁺¹-GVF ⁿ|≤10 ^-6

Volumetric flow rate is calculated the unit, is used to calculate the total volumetric flow rate Q of polyphasic flow _Mp, the volume flow Q of gas _GAnd the volume flow Q of liquid _L, can try to achieve by following formula:

Q _mp＝V _mp/A (22)

Q _G＝GVF·Q _mp (23)

Q _L(1-GVF)·Q _mp (24)

In the following formula, A is the useful area of pipeline.

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