CN107288710A - 排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器 - Google Patents

排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器 Download PDF

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CN107288710A
CN107288710A CN201610219631.1A CN201610219631A CN107288710A CN 107288710 A CN107288710 A CN 107288710A CN 201610219631 A CN201610219631 A CN 201610219631A CN 107288710 A CN107288710 A CN 107288710A
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filtration device
honeycomb carrier
rose box
ceramic honeycomb
diesel exhaust
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华玉娣
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/02—Surface coverings for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/10—Carbon or carbon oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/12—Hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器。它包括过滤箱（1），所述过滤箱（1）内沿气流设置有氧化型催化器（2）和陶瓷蜂窝载体（3），过滤箱（1）的内表面涂覆有二氧化硅隔热涂层，氧化型催化器（2）和陶瓷蜂窝载体（3）的外表面均设置有隔热减震层（7），过滤箱（1）的尾气出口处还设置有喷雾室（8）和选择性催化还原转化器（9）。本发明一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，在陶瓷蜂窝载体和氧化型催化器两级过滤下，将尾气，反应成CO2、H2O，同时隔壁上的微孔能有效过滤废气中的碳烟颗粒，并在催化剂涂层的作用下碳烟颗粒会被燃烧掉，最后在选择性催化还原转化器内除去氮氧化合物，排放的尾气满足国V的标准。

Description

排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，用于汽车尾气净化。属于汽车设备技术领域。
背景技术
目前，普通的汽车柴油机尾气过滤器，其排放的污染物中含有碳烟颗粒物( PM)、烃类(HC)、CO和NOx 等。因为尾气中O2含量较高，故HC和CO排放量较少，一般只有汽油机的1/10，NOx排放量与汽油机大致相同，而PM的排放量约为汽油机的几十倍，因此现有的柴油机尾气过滤器不能有效过滤碳烟颗粒物，这样排放的尾气会有大量黑烟，造成环境污染；随着国V标准的逐步实施，由于上述的尾气中还存在大量的氮氧化物，因此现有的汽车尾气过滤装置已经不能满足要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足，提供了一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，此柴油机尾气过滤器在过滤汽车尾气中的CO、HC、NOx有害气体的同时也能过滤碳烟颗粒，并在高温下碳烟颗粒会逐步燃烧而氧化，依靠柴油车自身温度实现陶瓷蜂窝载体的再生，最后在选择性催化还原转化器的作用下，氮氧化物还原成氮气和水，满足国V标准。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，包括过滤箱，其特点是：所述过滤箱的内表面涂覆有二氧化硅隔热涂层，所述排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器还包括氧化型催化器和陶瓷蜂窝载体，所述氧化型催化器和陶瓷蜂窝载体沿气流依次设置在过滤箱内，所述氧化型催化器和陶瓷蜂窝载体的外表面均设置有隔热减震层，所述陶瓷蜂窝载体与过滤箱的内壁相对应，且陶瓷蜂窝载体沿轴线方向密布有气孔，所述气孔的一端为开口，另一端设置有封堵面，所述封堵面和开口间隔布置，所述相邻两个气孔设置有隔壁，隔壁上开有呈蜂窝状的微孔，隔壁上涂覆有催化剂涂层，所述过滤箱的尾气出口处还设置有喷雾室和选择性催化还原转化器，喷雾室内壁上设置有喷嘴，喷嘴喷射尿素溶液，选择性催化还原转化器采用的催化剂为钒、钨或钛。
本发明一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，其气孔的孔数为600孔/平方英寸。
本发明一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，其隔壁的厚度为0.13~0.14mm。
本发明一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，其隔热减震层由金属丝网和陶瓷纤维布组成，金属丝网设置在陶瓷纤维布上，金属丝网与过滤箱内壁接触，陶瓷纤维布与氧化型催化器和陶瓷蜂窝载体接触。
本发明一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，其金属丝网为不锈钢丝网或纯铜网，丝径0.12mm~0.25mm，孔径0.2mm~0.42mm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，在氧化型催化器的作用下尾气中的有害成分HC、CO 和碳烟颗粒物（PM）中的有机物进入氧化型催化器进行一级过滤，在催化剂作用下被氧化成CO2 和水，NO则被氧化成还原性能更强的NO2，然后在陶瓷蜂窝载体的作用下，废气中的碳烟颗粒将被过滤捕捉在隔壁上，并在高温条件催化剂涂层的作用下，碳烟颗粒会逐步燃烧而氧化，依靠柴油车自身温度实现陶瓷蜂窝载体的再生，进一步提高了尾气净化效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器的结构示意图。
图2为本发明的陶瓷蜂窝载体的截面示意图。
图3为本发明的陶瓷蜂窝载体的部分轴向截面图。
图4为本发明的陶瓷蜂窝载体的隔壁的结构示意图。
图中：
过滤箱1，
氧化型催化器2，
陶瓷蜂窝载体3，
气孔3.1，
封堵面3.2，
隔壁3.3，
微孔3.4，
催化剂涂层3.5
开口3.6，
尾气进口4，
尾气出口5，
尾气6，
隔热减震层7，
喷雾室8，
选择性催化还原转化器9。
具体实施方式
参见图1-4，本发明涉及一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，它包括过滤箱1、氧化型催化器2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3，过滤箱1的左端为尾气进口4，右端为尾气出口5，所述氧化型催化器2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3设置在过滤箱1内，陶瓷蜂窝载体3靠近尾气进口4处，氧化型催化器2靠近尾气出口5处，所述过滤箱1呈圆管形，所述陶瓷蜂窝载体3与过滤箱1的内壁相对应，且陶瓷蜂窝载体3沿轴线方向密布有气孔3.1，所述气孔3.1的一端为开口3.6，另一端设置有封堵面3.2，所述封堵面3.2和开口3.6间隔布置，所述相邻两个气孔3.1设置有隔壁3.3，隔壁3.3上开有呈蜂窝状的微孔3.4，隔壁3.3上涂覆有催化剂涂层3.5。
所述过滤箱1的内表面涂覆有二氧化硅隔热涂层，使柴油过滤器具有隔热作用，可提高柴油过滤器内温度，改善催化剂效果。
所述氧化型催化器2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3的外表面均设置有隔热减震层7，使氧化型催化器2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3与过滤箱1的内壁为弹性接触，可以减少热胀冷缩对氧化型催化器2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3机械性能的影响，隔热减震层7分别在氧化型催化器和微粒过滤器的两端头折边，将隔热减震层7分别固定在氧化型催化器2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3上，隔热减震层7由金属丝网和陶瓷纤维布组成，金属丝网设置在陶瓷纤维布上，金属丝网与过滤箱1内壁接触，陶瓷纤维布与氧化型催化器2和陶瓷蜂窝载体3接触，金属丝网为不锈钢丝网或纯铜网，丝径0.12mm~0.25mm，孔径0.2mm~0.42mm。陶瓷纤维布上涂覆有成分为Al2O3:35%~45%，SiO2:44%~54%，ZrO2:0%~15%，导热系数：600℃时约0.08W/mk，厚度0.5mm~4mm。
所述过滤箱1的尾气出口处还设置有喷雾室8和选择性催化还原转化器9，喷雾室8内壁上设置有喷嘴，喷嘴喷射尿素溶液，选择性催化还原转化器9采用的催化剂为钒、钨或钛，选择性催化还原转化器9，又称之为SCR，其采用的还原剂是喷雾室8喷射的尿素溶液，尿素加水后在高温下分解为NH3和CO2，与柴油车尾气中的NO和NO2通过化学反应，产生氮气和水，降低柴油车尾气中的NO和NO2排放
其中，气孔3.1的孔数为600孔/平方英寸，隔壁3.3的厚度为0.13~0.14mm。
工作原理：本排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器与排气筒连接，当发动机工作时，发动机排出的尾气通过进入排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，尾气中的有害成分HC、CO 和碳烟颗粒物（PM）中的有机物进入氧化型催化器2进行一级过滤，在催化剂作用下被氧化成CO2和水，NO则被氧化成还原性能更强的NO2，从氧化型催化器2排除的尾气经尾气进口4进入陶瓷蜂窝载体3进行二级过滤，尾气从气孔3.1的开口3.6进入，由于气孔3.1在一端是开口3.6，而在另一端则是封堵面3.2，因此废气会通过带有微孔3.4的隔壁3.3，然后从相邻气孔3.1的开口3.6排出，由于碳烟颗粒的直径较微孔3.4大，因此废气中的碳烟颗粒将被过滤捕捉在隔壁3.3上，气流则从微孔3.4穿过。
所述催化剂涂层3.5含有贵金属的活性稀土，主要成份有Pt、Pd、Rh、Al2O3、Ce、La、Zr、Cu、Mn ，柴油燃烧的废气（主要为CO、HC、NOx等有害气体）穿过微孔3.4时，涂覆在隔壁3.3上的催化剂涂层3.5将增强CO、HC、NOx三种气体的活性，促使其进行一定的氧化-还原化学反应，其中CO在高温下氧化成无色无毒的二氧化碳气体，HC化合物在高温下分解成水（H2O）和二氧化碳，NOx还原成氮气和氧气。
当柴油机排气温度达到375 摄氏度时，在催化剂涂层3.5的作用下，隔壁3.3上的碳烟颗粒会逐步燃烧而氧化，碳烟颗粒的净化率约达到85% 以上，当反应温度达到500 摄氏度时催化剂和碳烟颗粒反应从而完全燃烧掉（催化燃烧），此时碳烟颗粒的净化率可达90% 以上。

Claims (5)

1.一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，包括过滤箱（1），其特征在于：所述过滤箱（1）的内表面涂覆有二氧化硅隔热涂层，所述排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器还包括氧化型催化器（2）和陶瓷蜂窝载体（3），所述氧化型催化器（2）和陶瓷蜂窝载体（3）沿气流依次设置在过滤箱（1）内，所述氧化型催化器（2）和陶瓷蜂窝载体（3）的外表面均设置有隔热减震层（7），所述陶瓷蜂窝载体（3）与过滤箱（1）的内壁相对应，且陶瓷蜂窝载体（3）沿轴线方向密布有气孔（3.1），所述气孔（3.1）的一端为开口（3.6），另一端设置有封堵面（3.2），所述封堵面（3.2）和开口（3.6）间隔布置，所述相邻两个气孔（3.1）设置有隔壁（3.3），隔壁（3.3）上开有呈蜂窝状的微孔（3.4），隔壁（3.3）上涂覆有催化剂涂层（3.5），所述过滤箱（1）的尾气出口处还设置有喷雾室（8）和选择性催化还原转化器（9），喷雾室（8）内壁上设置有喷嘴，喷嘴喷射尿素溶液，选择性催化还原转化器（9）采用的催化剂为钒、钨或钛。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，其特征在于：所述气孔（3.1）的孔数为600孔/平方英寸。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，其特征在于：所述隔壁（3.3）的厚度为0.13~0.14mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，其特征在于：所述隔热减震层（7）由金属丝网和陶瓷纤维布组成，金属丝网设置在陶瓷纤维布上，金属丝网与过滤箱（1）内壁接触，陶瓷纤维布与氧化型催化器（2）和陶瓷蜂窝载体（3）接触。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种排放标准高的柴油机尾气过滤器，其特征在于：所述金属丝网为不锈钢丝网或纯铜网，丝径0.12mm~0.25mm，孔径0.2mm~0.42mm。
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