CN107283080A - It is a kind of to laser machine focal length and the measurement caliberating device of incidence angle - Google Patents

It is a kind of to laser machine focal length and the measurement caliberating device of incidence angle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107283080A
CN107283080A CN201710567853.7A CN201710567853A CN107283080A CN 107283080 A CN107283080 A CN 107283080A CN 201710567853 A CN201710567853 A CN 201710567853A CN 107283080 A CN107283080 A CN 107283080A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
measuring scale
laser
telescopic
measurement
connecting rod
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Granted
Application number
CN201710567853.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107283080B (en
Inventor
徐文俊
曹宇
薛伟
陈益丰
孙轲
朱德华
刘文文
张健
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Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Intelligent Manufacturing of Wenzhou University
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Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Intelligent Manufacturing of Wenzhou University
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Priority to CN201710567853.7A priority Critical patent/CN107283080B/en
Publication of CN107283080A publication Critical patent/CN107283080A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702Auxiliary equipment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702Auxiliary equipment
    • B23K26/705Beam measuring device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Focal length and the measurement caliberating device of incidence angle, including Telescopic measuring ruler, connecting rod and upper measuring scale are laser machined the invention provides a kind of;Telescopic measuring ruler includes fixed part and adjustable rule portion, and the external part in adjustable rule portion is provided through being mounted on concentric circles round target outside the incident perpendicularity calibration hole of laser beam in adjustable rule portion, the upper hole face and lower hole face of laser beam incidence perpendicularity calibration hole;Aligning members are provided with upper measuring scale, for the reference graticule being aligned on laser Machining head;The fixed part and upper measuring scale of connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler are hinged, for connecting Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measuring scale so that the measurement direction of Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measuring scale is parallel to each other and both distances are adjustable measurable.The a variety of measurements of organic integration of the present invention, demarcation mode, realize Laser Processing focal length and incidence angle accurately measures positioning, and the two is closely as one, and measurement and regulation, the demarcation for laser machining focal length are very convenient, easily operated.

Description

It is a kind of to laser machine focal length and the measurement caliberating device of incidence angle
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of laser processing, and in particular to a kind of Laser Processing focal length and the measurement and positioning of incidence angle dress Put.
Background technology
Laser processing technology is the characteristic using laser beam and matter interaction to material (including metal with nonmetallic) Cut, welded, is surface-treated, being punched, a special kind of skill of micro Process etc..Laser Processing is extensive as advanced manufacturing technology Applied to the national economy important department such as automobile, electronics, electrical equipment, aviation, metallurgy, machine-building, to improving product quality, work Productivity ratio, automation, pollution-free, reduction material consumption etc. play more and more important effect.
Laser Machining head is the general name of all kinds of processing heads in laser processing (welding, cutting, cladding etc.), Laser Processing Head general principle be:The laser beam that laser is sent is through guide-lighting optic path, after line focus mirror is focused in laser Machining head, Realize processing in the surface for acting on workpiece to be machined.It is most to concentrate due to focusing on energy density of the laser beam at its focusing place with a tight waist , therefore generally require before Laser Processing to adjust the distance between laser Machining head and workpiece to be processed so that processing swashs The focusing objective len basal plane of light beam and the distance on workpiece to be machined surface are exactly equal to the focal length of focusing objective len, and (focal length is commonly referred to as Laser machine focal length), that is, the focus for processing laser beam is located in workpiece to be machined surface, can significantly improve processing efficiency.Together When, typically also need to ensure that focusing on laser beam impinges perpendicularly on workpiece to be machined surface, that is, processes the optical axis and workpiece of laser beam The normal parallel of surface focal spot irradiation position, to avoid because processing laser beam oblique incidence causes focal spot deformation and energy density to drop It is low.However, current laser processing application technology, Laser Processing focal length, the measurement and positioning of processing laser beam incidence angle are mainly Measured based on height gauge and bevel protractor principle, measurement error is big, complex operation, and time-consuming.
The content of the invention
There is provided a kind of measurement error is small, Laser Processing easy to operate for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art by the present invention The measurement caliberating device of focal length and incidence angle.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of measurement caliberating device for laser machining focal length and incidence angle, including Telescopic measuring ruler, connecting rod and on Measuring scale;The Telescopic measuring ruler includes fixed part and adjustable rule portion, and adjustable rule portion is assemblied on fixed part, and can be along fixation Slide in portion;The external part in the adjustable rule portion is provided with an incident perpendicularity calibration hole of the laser beam through adjustable rule portion, described A concentric Circular Ring Targets are mounted on outside the upper hole face and lower hole face of laser beam incidence perpendicularity calibration hole, it is desirable to two concentric circles The centre normal of round target is overlapped with the central axis three of the incident perpendicularity calibration hole of laser beam, and the measurement with adjustable rule portion Plane is vertical;An aligning members are provided with the upper measuring scale, the reference graticule set for being aligned on laser Machining head is described The alignment line direction of aligning members is consistent with the measurement direction of upper measuring scale, the reference graticule requirement set on the laser Machining head It is vertical with the laser beam optical axis transmitted in laser Machining head;The fixed part of the connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measurement Chi is hinged, for connecting Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measuring scale, to cause the measurement side of Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measuring scale To be parallel to each other and both distance it is adjustable measurable.
It is preferred that, the connecting rod is a connecting rod, and the fixed part of connecting rod one end and Telescopic measuring ruler is hinged, the other end It is hinged with upper measuring scale;Clamping screw is mounted in the hinged place of connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measuring scale.
It is preferred that, the air-bubble level for the level of demarcating is provided with the adjustable rule portion and upper measuring scale, even The hinged place of bar and Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measuring scale is at least provided with an angular instrument.
It is preferred that, it is mounted on an angular instrument in the hinged place of connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measuring scale.
It is preferred that, the connecting rod is realized using two parallel connecting rods, connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler and upper Measuring scale formation parallel four-bar linkage;At least it is provided with the hinged place of connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler and upper measuring scale One angular instrument.
It is preferred that, the aligning members can be laser stylus or telescopic alignment needle point.
It is preferred that, the bottom in the adjustable rule portion of the Telescopic measuring ruler is provided with a magnetic suction block, the magnetic suction block It can be adsorbed on magnetic metal measured workpiece surface.
The present invention has the advantages that:
1st, Laser Processing focal length of the present invention and the measurement caliberating device of incidence angle, organic based on geometry principle Integrated a variety of measurements, demarcation mode, realize Laser Processing focal length and incidence angle accurately measure positioning, the two combine closely for One.Overall structure considers the size difference of workpiece and laser Machining head, non-the special circumstances, laser such as processes along gravity direction The measurement and regulation, demarcation for processing focal length are very convenient, easily operated, and the demarcation at machining beams vertical incidence angle employs double flat Row Circular Ring Targets, it is directly perceived, easy.
2nd, the present invention is used extension type measuring scale, with reference to graticule (Ref lines), the composite structural design of aligning members, tool There is demarcation easy, the characteristics of further reducing measurement error solves traditional measurement method due to lacking scaling reference and essence True alignment and be difficult to the problem that improves measurement accuracy.
3rd, two measuring scales employ and carry horizontal bubble above and below the present invention so that in the feelings along the vertical machine direction of gravity Under condition, the Fast Calibration of horizontal direction measurement;Also band is magnetic the structures such as suction block, the artificial operation for being easy to measurement to demarcate.
4th, the double parallel Circular Ring Targets that the present invention is used, can be achieved machining beams accurate with respect to flat workpiece surface incidence angle Measurement and demarcation, it is ensured that focal spot shapes and size, can effectively improve the stability and process repeatability of laser processing quality.
5th, the present invention is used angular instrument or parallel four-bar linkage principle, extend the applicability of the device, it is ensured that Measurement error is in the range of controllable precise, while improving the simplicity operability of measurement.
6th, the present invention is simple to manufacture, structure is reliable, durability good, regulation, it is easy to maintenance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention for planting Laser Processing focal length and the measurement caliberating device of incidence angle;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is L and h relation schematic diagrams.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in figure 1, focal length and the measurement caliberating device of incidence angle are laser machined the invention provides a kind of, including it is flexible Formula measuring scale 2, connecting rod 6 and upper measuring scale 10.Telescopic measuring ruler 2 is connected by connecting rod 6 with upper measuring scale 10.
The Telescopic measuring ruler 2 includes fixed part 5 and adjustable rule portion 4, and adjustable rule portion 4 is assemblied on fixed part 5, and can Slided along fixed part 5;The external part in the adjustable rule portion 4 is provided with an incident perpendicularity correction of the laser beam through adjustable rule portion 4 A concentric Circular Ring Targets 3 are mounted on outside quasi- hole 1, the upper hole face and lower hole face of the incident perpendicularity calibration hole 1 of the laser beam, Ask the centre normals of two concentric circles round targets 3 and the central axis three of the incident perpendicularity calibration hole 1 of laser beam to overlap, and with The measurement plane in adjustable rule portion 4 is vertical.After laser beam is focused on from laser beam incidence perpendicularity 1 incidence of calibration hole, swash if focusing on Light beam can then ensure that focusing on laser beam and the measurement plane in adjustable rule portion 4 hangs down simultaneously by the target center of two concentric circles round targets 3 Directly, it thereby may be ensured that focusing laser beam impinges perpendicularly on the surface of workpiece to be machined 16, i.e., it is incident to focus on laser beam optical axis and work The normal parallel of the focal spot irradiation position on part surface, to avoid because processing laser beam oblique incidence causes focal spot deformation and energy close Degree reduction.
The connecting rod 6 is used to connect Telescopic measuring ruler 2 and upper measuring scale 10, to cause the He of Telescopic measuring ruler 2 The measurement plane of upper measuring scale 10 is parallel to each other and apart from adjustable.
A kind of implementation of the connecting rod 6 is:The connecting rod 6 be a connecting rod, connecting rod one end with it is telescopic The fixed part 5 of measuring scale 2 is hinged, and the other end is hinged with upper measuring scale 10.In connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler 2 and upper measuring scale 10 Hinged place be mounted on clamping screw.Survey is installed in the hinged place of connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler 2 or upper measuring scale 10 Angle instrument 7, for measuring the angle between Telescopic measuring ruler 2 or upper measuring scale 10 and connecting rod.
If machine direction is along gravity vertical direction, it can be used by being set in adjustable rule portion 4 and upper measuring scale 10 Checked in the air-bubble level 12 of demarcation level and adjust connection Telescopic measuring ruler 2 and upper measuring scale 10 and connecting rod 6 Angle, it is ensured that Telescopic measuring ruler 2 and upper measuring scale 10 are parallel to each other.
If machine direction is non-vertical direction, the hinge in connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler 2 and upper measuring scale 10 is needed The place of connecing is respectively mounted angular instrument 7, to measure the angle α between upper measuring scale 10 and connecting rod, and measurement Telescopic measuring ruler 2 with connecting Angle β between bar.It when actual use, need to ensure that Telescopic measuring ruler 2 and upper measuring scale 10 are parallel to each other, that is, cause α=β.
As shown in Fig. 2 the connecting rod 6 can also realize that now connecting rod 6 is with stretching using two parallel connecting rods Contracting formula measuring scale 2 and the formation parallel four-bar linkage of upper measuring scale 10, can ensure α=β automatically, it is only necessary to an angular instrument 7 Measuring angle value is used to subsequently calculate, without installing two angular instruments 7.
One end of the upper measuring scale 10 is hinged on connecting rod 6, and the other end is provided with an aligning members 15, for being aligned The reference graticule 14 (Ref lines) set on laser Machining head 11, the alignment line direction of the aligning members 15 and upper measuring scale 10 Measurement direction is consistent, the laser beam of the requirement of reference graticule 14 and transmission in laser Machining head that are set on the laser Machining head 11 Optical axis is vertical;The aligning members 15 can be laser stylus or telescopic alignment needle point.
As shown in figure 3, Telescopic measuring ruler 2 is set with the pin joint of connecting rod as the first pin joint 8, upper measuring scale 10 and connecting rod Pin joint be the second pin joint 9, the distance between the first pin joint 8 and the second pin joint 9 are definite value L, the first pin joint 8 and The distance between lower surface of telescopic movable chi portion 4 is k1, the distance between the second pin joint 9 and the alignment line of aligning members 15 are k2, the spacing between the reference graticule of laser Machining head and the upper surface of workpiece to be machined 16 is h;So work as Telescopic measuring ruler 2 and (upper angle α between measuring scale 10 and connecting rod) during parallel upper measuring scale 10, there is following relation in L and h:H=L*sin α+ k1+k2.L, k in above formula1、k2It is definite value, α is adjustable, therefore α can be calculated by h in actually measurement application, can be also counted by α Calculation draws h.
It is preferred that, the bottom in the adjustable rule portion 4 of the Telescopic measuring ruler 2 is provided with a magnetic suction block 13, the magnetic Suction block 13 can adsorb with magnetic metal measured workpiece surface with ensure measurement when stabilization.
The application method of above-mentioned Laser Processing focal length and the measurement caliberating device of incidence angle is:
(1) Telescopic measuring ruler 2 is placed on the surface of workpiece to be machined 16 so that the lower surface in adjustable rule portion 4 is with being added The upper surface of work workpiece 16;
(2) adjust the position of laser Machining head 11 so that its laser vertical degree calibration hole 1 with Telescopic measuring ruler 2 and Two concentric circles round targets 3 are concentric;Transmitting indicates laser beam, is passed to laser vertical degree calibration hole 1 and two donuts Target 3, continues to adjust laser Machining head position so that indicate that laser beam by the target center of two concentric circles round targets 3, now refers to simultaneously Show that laser beam is vertical with the surface of workpiece to be machined 16.
(3) in regulation measuring scale 10 and connecting rod position, and simultaneously open aligning members 15, measuring scale 10 is with stretching in guarantee On the premise of contracting formula measuring scale 2 is parallel, when aligning members 15 are directed at the reference graticule 14 of laser Machining head 11, regulation terminates;Lock The relative position of tight upper measuring scale 10 and Telescopic measuring ruler 2.
(4) the angle value α of angular instrument 7 is read, passes through formula h=L*sin α+k1+k2H is calculated, if h is equal to laser Machining head Laser Processing focal length, then terminate;Otherwise, laser Machining head 11, repeat step (3) are moved up or move down, until h adds equal to laser The Laser Processing focal length of foreman 11.
Another application method is:
(1) first the measurement caliberating device of Laser Processing focal length of the present invention and incidence angle is regulated, the regulation Refer to well adjust measuring scale 10 and Telescopic measuring ruler 2 so that both are parallel;And adjust α so that h joins for processing technology Ref lines and the theoretical distance of workpiece surface that number is required;After regulating, the phase of measuring scale 10 and Telescopic measuring ruler 2 in locking To position.
(2) workpiece surface and then by the measurement caliberating device is put in, then adjusts the phase between laser Machining head and workpiece Adjusting the distance, (processing head kinematical or workpiece are dynamic, but to keep the vertical incidence angle of incoming laser beam, that is, to indicate laser beam Simultaneously by the target center of two concentric circles round targets 3) so that the instruction that alignment needle point or the laser stylus of aligning members 15 are sent swashs Light aligns with Ref lines.
The present invention can change into that various ways are apparent to one skilled in the art, and such change is not considered as Depart from the scope of the present invention.All such technical staff to the field obviously change, and are included within this right It is required that within the scope of.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of measurement caliberating device for laser machining focal length and incidence angle, it is characterised in that including Telescopic measuring ruler (2), Connecting rod (6) and upper measuring scale (10);The Telescopic measuring ruler (2) includes fixed part (5) and adjustable rule portion (4), activity Chi portion (4) is assemblied on fixed part (5), and can be slided along fixed part (5);The external part of the adjustable rule portion (4) is provided with one The incident perpendicularity calibration hole (1) of laser beam through adjustable rule portion (4), the incident perpendicularity calibration hole (1) of the laser beam it is upper A concentric Circular Ring Targets (3) are mounted on outside hole face and lower hole face, it is desirable to the centre normal and laser of two concentric circles round targets (3) The central axis three of beam incidence perpendicularity calibration hole (1) overlaps, and vertical with the measurement plane of adjustable rule portion (4);It is described An aligning members (15) are provided with upper measuring scale (10), the reference graticule (14) set for being aligned on laser Machining head (11), The alignment line direction of the aligning members (15) is consistent with the measurement direction of upper measuring scale (10), is set on the laser Machining head (11) Reference graticule (14) requirement put is vertical with the laser beam optical axis of transmission in laser Machining head;The connecting rod (6) is with stretching The fixed part (5) and upper measuring scale (10) of formula measuring scale (2) are hinged, for connecting Telescopic measuring ruler (2) and upper measuring scale (10), with cause the measurement direction of Telescopic measuring ruler (2) and upper measuring scale (10) be parallel to each other and both distance it is adjustable can Measurement.
2. the measurement caliberating device of Laser Processing focal length according to claim 1 and incidence angle, it is characterised in that the company Extension bar part (6) is a connecting rod, and connecting rod one end and the fixed part (5) of Telescopic measuring ruler (2) are hinged, the other end and upper measuring scale (10) it is hinged;Clamping screw is mounted in the hinged place of connecting rod and Telescopic measuring ruler (2) and upper measuring scale (10).
3. the measurement caliberating device of Laser Processing focal length according to claim 2 and incidence angle, it is characterised in that the work The air-bubble level (12) for the level of demarcating is provided with dynamic chi portion (4) and upper measuring scale (10), connecting rod with it is telescopic The hinged place of measuring scale (2) and upper measuring scale (10) is at least provided with an angular instrument (7).
4. the measurement caliberating device of Laser Processing focal length according to claim 2 and incidence angle, it is characterised in that in connecting rod An angular instrument (7) is mounted on the hinged place of Telescopic measuring ruler (2) and upper measuring scale (10).
5. the measurement caliberating device of Laser Processing focal length according to claim 1 and incidence angle, it is characterised in that the company Extension bar part (6) is using two parallel connecting rods realizations, connecting rod (6) and Telescopic measuring ruler (2) and upper measuring scale (10) shape Into parallel four-bar linkage;At least installed in the hinged place of connecting rod (6) and Telescopic measuring ruler (2) and upper measuring scale (10) There is an angular instrument (7).
6. the measurement caliberating device of Laser Processing focal length according to claim 1 and incidence angle, it is characterised in that described right Quasi- part (15) can be laser stylus or telescopic alignment needle point.
7. the measurement caliberating device of Laser Processing focal length according to claim 1 and incidence angle, it is characterised in that described to stretch The bottom in the adjustable rule portion (4) of contracting formula measuring scale (2) is provided with a magnetic suction block (13), and the magnetic suction block (13) can be adsorbed on With magnetic metal measured workpiece surface.
CN201710567853.7A 2017-07-12 2017-07-12 Measuring and calibrating device for laser processing focal length and incidence angle Active CN107283080B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107830821A (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-03-23 北京国泰蓝盾科技有限公司 More parallelism of optical axis measuring systems and method
CN113798660A (en) * 2021-10-08 2021-12-17 华工法利莱切焊系统工程有限公司 Laser beam incident angle measuring tool and laser beam incident angle adjusting method

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KR100633262B1 (en) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-12 현대자동차주식회사 Welding surface measurement apparatus of panel
CN203744878U (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-07-30 温州大学 Irregular workpiece laser processing focal length measuring device
CN104014930A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-09-03 天津工业大学 Calibration device of cross laser
CN203875480U (en) * 2014-04-22 2014-10-15 广州市激光技术应用研究所有限公司 Focusing light spot partitioning plate of laser cutting head
CN203911224U (en) * 2014-06-20 2014-10-29 无锡锐玛克科技有限公司 Fiber laser optical path calibration device
CN206160909U (en) * 2016-07-28 2017-05-10 西南交通大学 A measuring tool for laser work distance among laser beam machining

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100633262B1 (en) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-12 현대자동차주식회사 Welding surface measurement apparatus of panel
CN203744878U (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-07-30 温州大学 Irregular workpiece laser processing focal length measuring device
CN203875480U (en) * 2014-04-22 2014-10-15 广州市激光技术应用研究所有限公司 Focusing light spot partitioning plate of laser cutting head
CN104014930A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-09-03 天津工业大学 Calibration device of cross laser
CN203911224U (en) * 2014-06-20 2014-10-29 无锡锐玛克科技有限公司 Fiber laser optical path calibration device
CN206160909U (en) * 2016-07-28 2017-05-10 西南交通大学 A measuring tool for laser work distance among laser beam machining

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107830821A (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-03-23 北京国泰蓝盾科技有限公司 More parallelism of optical axis measuring systems and method
CN107830821B (en) * 2017-11-24 2019-02-26 北京国泰蓝盾科技有限公司 More parallelism of optical axis measuring systems and method
CN113798660A (en) * 2021-10-08 2021-12-17 华工法利莱切焊系统工程有限公司 Laser beam incident angle measuring tool and laser beam incident angle adjusting method
CN113798660B (en) * 2021-10-08 2024-02-20 华工法利莱切焊系统工程有限公司 Laser beam incidence angle measuring tool and laser beam incidence angle adjusting method

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