CN107281635B - Electrode physiotherapy device and electrode positioning method - Google Patents
Electrode physiotherapy device and electrode positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
- A61N1/36025—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes for treating a mental or cerebral condition
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for wearing on the head of a user, comprising: one or more pairs of electrodes for attachment to the head of a user to apply an electric field to a target region within the brain of the user; a control device coupled to the electrode for controlling one or more of the intensity, frequency, and time of the electric field output by the electrode; an electrode positioning device configured to receive or build a three-dimensional model of the user's brain and determine an attachment location of the electrode based on the three-dimensional model and the target region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical and health care instruments, in particular to a physiotherapy device with an electrode and an electrode positioning method.
Background
The head physiotherapy is performed by the electrode or the electric field, and the head physiotherapy device has wide medical and non-medical application.
As an example of a medical use, electrodes or electric fields may be used to prevent or treat brain tumors. Brain tumors refer to tumors of the nervous system that occur within the cranial cavity, including tumors originating from the nerve epithelium, meninges and germ cells, lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue tumors. Craniopharyngeal tumors and granulocytomas in the saddle region, and metastatic tumors. The sites of origin can be classified according to the primary tumor (tumor originating in intracranial tissue) and secondary tumor (tumor metastasized from distant sites of the body or extending from adjacent sites into the cranium). For example: gliomas are the most common primary brain tumor in the cranium, with glioblastoma multiforme (Glioblastoma multiforme, GBM) suffering from the most malignant. GBM is the most common brain tumor with extremely high mortality, often penetrates adjacent tissues, is variable in shape without a defined range, is difficult to separate when mixed with normal tissues, and is highly resistant to standard treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The GBM treatment mode is still mainly resected as far as possible by surgery, and is assisted by a reasonable chemoradiotherapy scheme. The advent of some new molecular targeted drugs and more advanced imaging techniques has provided a first line of promise for improving the survival of glioblastoma. However, despite the great progress made in comprehensive measures such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, GBM has a survival rate of 30% in 2 years, and patients have severely reduced quality of life due to side effects such as infection caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Many malignant tumors can develop brain metastases along with the development of the disease course, for example, the incidence rate of brain metastases of non-small cell lung cancer exceeds 50%, the prognosis of patients is poor, the average survival time of patients receiving support treatment and corticosteroids is only 1-2 months, and the patients are often dead of intracranial hypertension, cerebral hernias and intracranial metastasis bleeding caused by placeholder lesions. If the patient is treated by operation, the average survival time of the patient can only reach about 10 months after the operation by adopting the omnibearing radiation therapy of the whole brain in combination with chemotherapy such as hormone medicines, and the life quality of the patient can be seriously reduced due to side effects generated by the radiotherapy and the chemotherapy. (brain tumors discussed herein do not include only GBM and non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases listed above).
No effective treatment methods are available except for the operation treatment and the postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy combination treatment no matter the tumor is primary or secondary. A novel tumor treatment method, namely a Tumor Treatment Field (TTF), can be applied to the treatment of brain tumors, the tumor treatment field is a method for treating tumors by using an electric field, the physical characteristics of rapid division and proliferation of tumor cells are different from those of normal cells, and the application of the treatment field in a tumor area can prevent the rapid proliferation of tumor cells, so that the influence on normal cells is small. A schematic diagram of the interference of tumor cell mitosis by electric fields can be found.
TTF is a low-intensity (< 3V/cm), medium-frequency (100-300 kHz) alternating electric field that inhibits proliferation of tumor cells by anti-microtubule mechanisms, and has been shown to have significant inhibitory effects on proliferation of various human and rodent tumor cells. Various tissue cells of the human body contain charged particles and polar molecules to form an inherent internal electric field, which plays an important role in regulating normal physiological processes, and the external electric field can influence the inherent physiological electric field. The effect of the intermediate frequency electric field on organisms is different from that of electric fields with other frequencies, and experiments show that the temperature of tumor cells and surrounding environment is not obviously changed after TTF (tumor suppressor function) is acted, which indicates that the anti-tumor effect is different from the heat generating effect of the electric field with extremely high frequency. The mechanism of anti-tumor action of TTF mainly includes two points: (1) preventing normal formation of the mitotic spindle of the cell; (2) Directly destroying tumor cells in the postmitotic phase. Overall, the anticancer effect of TTF depends on the blocking effect of the electric field on the formation of tubulin by the spindle body during mitosis, and on the electric field forces that induce dielectrophoresis in dividing cells. No common side effects or localized histopathological lesions are found in the current study.
When using the tumor treatment electric field to treat brain tumor, the medical care professional attaches the electrode to the scalp surface of the patient, and releases the tumor treatment electric field (TTF) through the insulated electrode to slow down or even eliminate malignant tumor cells without affecting healthy cells. The research result shows that the cancer recurrence time and the average survival time of patients treated by the electric field are doubled compared with the common chemotherapy, and the patients have no side effects similar to the chemotherapy, such as nausea, anemia, fatigue, infection and the like. Investigation shows that the quality of life of patients with TTF-treated brain tumors is significantly improved compared with patients receiving chemotherapy. The onset position of brain tumor in brain is not fixed, and the size of tumor can be changed correspondingly along with the development of treatment progress.
For non-medical and medical applications, it is often desirable to enhance stimulation of specific areas of the user's head to enhance effectiveness. This requires adjusting one or more parameters of the attachment position of the electrode on the head and the output therapeutic band, electric field strength, electric field frequency according to the change of the position and size of the target area.
Of course, the electric field stimulation may have other non-medical health care uses as well.
The matters in the background section are only those known to the inventors and do not, of course, represent prior art in the field.
The above is merely a technical case known to the inventors and does not represent, of course, the prior art constituting the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
To address one or more of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an apparatus for wearing on the head of a user, comprising: one or more pairs of electrodes for attachment to the head of a user to apply an electric field to a target region within the brain of the user; a control device coupled to the electrode for controlling one or more of the intensity, frequency, and time of the electric field output by the electrode; an electrode positioning device configured to receive or build a three-dimensional model of the user's brain and determine an attachment location of the electrode based on the three-dimensional model and the target region.
According to one aspect of the invention, determining the attachment position of the electrode based on the three-dimensional model and the target region includes: determining the position of a target area in the three-dimensional model; judging whether the target area is below a cerebellum of a user; if the target area is not below the cerebellum of the user, a first reference plane is established, wherein the first reference plane is the lowest plane to which the electrode can be attached on the head of the user; judging whether the target area is below the first reference plane; if the target area is not below the first reference plane, a second reference plane is established, and the attachment position of the electrode is determined based on the second reference plane.
According to one aspect of the invention, determining the attachment location of the electrode based on the three-dimensional model and the target region further comprises one or more of: determining the attaching mode of the electrode, wherein when the length of the electrode is larger than a preset value, the attaching mode of the electrode is longitudinal attaching, and when the length of the electrode is smaller than the preset value, the attaching mode of the electrode is transverse attaching; determining the offset angle of the electrode according to the distance between the target area and the central line of the brain of the user and the distance between the center of the target area and the front end of the brain; the electric field strength and frequency provided to the electrodes is determined based on the volume and/or area of the target area.
According to one aspect of the invention, the control device comprises an electric field generator and an electrode switching device, wherein one end of the electrode switching device is connected with the electric field generator, and the other end of the electrode switching device is connected with the electrode.
According to one aspect of the invention, at least two pairs of said electrodes are included.
According to one aspect of the invention, the apparatus further comprises: and the electrode moving device is coupled with the electrode and the electrode positioning device and moves the electrode according to the attachment position determined by the electrode positioning device.
According to one aspect of the invention, the electrode switching device comprises a temperature detection unit configured to detect the temperature of the electrode, the electrode switching device communicates the detected temperature to the electric field generator, and the electric field generator controls one or more of the intensity, frequency and time of the electric field applied to the electrode according to the temperature.
According to one aspect of the invention, the electrode switching device comprises a current detection unit configured to detect a current through the electrode, the electrode switching device communicating the detected current to the electric field generator, the electric field generator controlling one or more of the intensity, frequency, time of an electric field applied to the electrode in dependence on the current.
The invention also provides a method for positioning the electrode, which comprises the following steps: establishing or acquiring a three-dimensional model of the brain of the user; determining the position of a target area in the three-dimensional model; judging whether the target area is below a cerebellum of a user; if the target area is not below the cerebellum of the user, a first reference plane is established, wherein the first reference plane is the lowest plane to which the electrode can be attached on the head of the user; judging whether the target area is below the first reference plane; if the target area is not below the first reference plane, a second reference plane is established, and the attachment position of the electrode is determined based on the second reference plane.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method further comprises: and determining the attaching mode of the electrode, wherein when the length of the electrode is larger than a preset value, the attaching mode of the electrode is longitudinal attaching, and when the length of the electrode is smaller than the preset value, the attaching mode of the electrode is transverse attaching.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method further comprises: and determining the offset angle of the electrode according to the distance between the target area and the central line of the brain of the user and the distance between the center of the target area and the front end of the brain.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method further comprises: the electric field strength and frequency provided to the electrodes is determined based on the volume and/or area of the target area.
According to one aspect of the invention, the electrodes are paired electrodes.
The present invention also provides an electrode positioning apparatus comprising: means for creating or receiving a three-dimensional model of a user's brain; means for determining a location of a target region in the three-dimensional model; means for determining whether the target area is below a user's cerebellum; means for establishing a first reference plane if the target area is not under a user's cerebellum, wherein the first reference plane is the lowest plane at which the electrode can be attached to the user's head; means for determining whether the target area is below the first reference plane; means for establishing a second reference plane centered on the target area and determining an attachment position of the electrode based on the second reference plane if the target area is not below the first reference plane.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium comprising computer executable instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method of electrode positioning described above.
By the technical scheme, the position of the electrode on the head of the user can be effectively adjusted, and the optimal physiotherapy effect is achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a method of positioning an electrode according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a brain;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a device adapted to be worn on the head of a user in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an electrode arranged in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an electric field generating device and an electrode switching device according to the present invention; and
fig. 6 is a diagram of a computer program product for storing instructions for determining the position of an electrode in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be recognized by those of skill in the pertinent art, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, and may be mechanically connected, electrically connected, or may communicate with each other, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. In order to simplify the present disclosure, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. They are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which are for the purpose of brevity and clarity, and which do not themselves indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the application of other processes and/or the use of other materials.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a method 100 of positioning an electrode according to a first embodiment of the invention. In order to effectively enhance the effect of electrode physiotherapy, it may be necessary to apply an electric field effect through the electrodes to a specific target area in the head of a user for different users, in different situations. The method 100 of positioning an electrode of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1. The target region may be a tumor, or may be a region other than a tumor.
In step 101, a three-dimensional model of the brain of the user is built or acquired. The three-dimensional model can be obtained directly from a medical image of a user, for example, and includes a length (B) of the front and rear of the brain, a width (a) of the left and right, a distance (C) from the upper side to the cerebellum, a distance (D) from the right side to the midline of the brain, and the like. A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system can be established as shown in fig. 2. In the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, the XY plane is parallel to the cross section of the head, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the XY plane. The center point of the cross section of the head is noted as the origin of the coordinate system when translating the cross section of the head along the Z-axis to the highest point of the head. The X-axis is used to describe the left-right position of the head (described by the direction of the observed person itself, not the direction of the observer). On the X axis, the right side is negative, and the left side is positive. The Y-axis is used to describe the front-to-back position of the head (described by the direction of the observed person itself, not the direction of the observer). The front part is negative and the rear part is positive on the Y axis. The Z-axis is used to describe the up and down position of the head. The origin of the Z-axis is at the very top of the head, to be "positive" downward.
In step 102, the location of the target region in the three-dimensional model is determined. In medical applications, for example in the treatment of brain tumors, the target area is for example a tumor. In non-medical applications, the target area is, for example, a location where the user wishes to perform a healthcare stimulus. Taking the tumor as an example, the distance from the right side of the skull to the near end of the tumor is denoted as a1, the distance from the right side of the skull to the far end of the tumor is denoted as a2, the distance from the front of the skull to the near end of the tumor is denoted as b1, the distance from the front of the skull to the far end of the tumor is denoted as b2, the distance from the top of the skull to the near end of the tumor is denoted as c1, the distance from the top of the skull to the far end of the tumor is denoted as c2, and these parameters can also be obtained from an image of the patient. A limit interval may be set for each parameter. The distance a1 from the right side to the tumor proximal edge and the distance a2 from the right side to the tumor distal edge in the X-axis direction, then the coordinate X1 of the tumor right edge on the X-axis is-A/2+a1, and the coordinate X2 of the tumor left edge on the X-axis is-A/2+a2. The distance c1 from the upper surface to the tumor proximal edge and the distance c2 from the upper surface to the tumor distal edge in the Z axis direction are the coordinates Z1 on the Z axis, and the coordinates Z2 on the Z axis of the tumor lower edge are the coordinates c2. The distance B1 from the front to the tumor proximal edge in the Y-axis direction, the distance B2 from the front to the tumor distal edge, then the coordinate Y1 of the tumor anterior edge on the Y-axis is-B/2+b1, and the coordinate Y2 of the tumor posterior edge on the Y-axis is-B/2+b2.
In step 103, it is determined whether the target area is below the user's cerebellum. The purpose of the determination is to know whether the target area is stimulated in a manner that applies an electrode. It is determined whether the target area is below the cerebellum based on the head-to-cerebellum distance, and if so, the manner in which the electrode is used for stimulation is not appropriate. If the target area is above the cerebellum, then proceed to step 104.
In step 104, a first reference plane is established, the first reference plane being the lowest plane in which the electrode can be attached to the head of the user. Specifically, a virtual first reference Plane1 is established on the head according to the head parameters of the user, wherein the first reference Plane is the lowest Plane on which the electrode can be attached on the head of the user. The attachment position of the electrode on the head is limited by some conditions, such as the lowest electrode can be attached to the upper edge of the arch of the eyebrow, the lowest edge of the electrode attached to the back of the brain can be at least flush with the occipital macropore, and the side electrode cannot be lower than the upper edge of the external auditory canal, so that the plane is the lower limit plane of the electric field area formed by a pair of electrodes, if a plurality of pairs of electrodes are used, the plane with the lowest lower limit plane of the electric field area can be formed by the electrode, and the electrode lower than the plane is also not suitable for stimulation by using the electrode.
In step 105, it is determined whether the target area is below the first reference plane. If below the first reference plane, it is not suitable for stimulation by means of an attached electrode. If above the first reference plane, proceed to step 106.
In step 106, a second reference plane is established according to the target area, and the attachment position of the electrode is determined based on the second reference plane. For example, with the center or target location of the tumor as one point of the second reference Plane2, two electrode locations at the frontal bone as the second and third points, a virtual second reference Plane2 is established. The junction of the extension line of the connecting line of the two electrode positions at the frontal bone and the center of the tumor and the occipital bone is taken as the attached center position of the electrode at the occipital bone, namely the center corresponding to the width of the electrode. When determining the positions of two electrodes at the frontal bone, for example, the height of the electrode at the frontal bone can be firstly determined, a certain distance (0.5 cm or 1 cm) above the eyebrow is assumed to be the lower edge position of the electrode, then the distance which is based on the position and is half of the width of the electrode is set as the intersection of the Plane2 surface and the frontal bone, and the intersection of the extension line of the intersection and the tumor position and the occipital bone is the center position of the electrode at the occipital bone, namely the center of the corresponding electrode width. The electrodes at the left and right temporal bones take the upper edge of auricle as the lowest point, if the junction point of the Plane2 surface and the temporal bone is smaller than half of the width of the electrodes, the upper edge of the auricle is attached, otherwise, the electrodes are attached at normal height.
In step 107, the manner of attachment of the electrodes is determined. The electric field is formed by positive and negative electrodes, and in order to obtain a uniform electric field, each pair of electrodes should be attached to the surface of the head as flat as possible, and the peripheral shape and size of the human head are greatly different. It is therefore determined whether the rectangular electrode is more suitable for the patient in the lateral or longitudinal direction. The width of the head is an important index for measurement, the threshold value of the width of the head is Atl, and a constant value of 160mm is adopted. When the fixed value is smaller than the length of the electrode, longitudinal attachment can be adopted, and when the fixed value is larger than the length, a transverse attachment mode is adopted.
In step 108, the offset angle of the electrode is determined based on the distance of the tumor or target area from the midline of the user's brain and the distance of the center of the target area from the front of the brain. For example, when the tumor is located at the left front, right front, left rear, right rear corners of the head, the electrodes need to be moved by a small angle (0-60 degrees) as a whole when they are stuck. The distance between the center of the tumor and the central line of the brain is set as d1, the distance between the center of the tumor and the front end of the brain is set as d2, and the included angle between the tumor and the coronal plane can be calculated through a trigonometric function and is the offset angle of the electrode.
In step 109, the electric field strength and frequency provided to the electrodes is determined based on the volume and/or area of the target area. According to the calculated volume and/or area of the target area or tumor, an optimal output wave band and field intensity of the electric field generator are provided, in theory, the larger the size of the target area or tumor is, the field intensity of the therapeutic instrument output is correspondingly increased, a corresponding table of the volume of the target area or tumor and the output field intensity is provided, and the optimal therapeutic wave band and field intensity are provided through the table data. Such as: the approximate volume and area of the target area or tumor can be calculated from the difference in the distances of the target area or tumor proximal and distal from the right side of the skull and the difference in the distances of the target area or tumor proximal and distal from the top of the skull. From this result, the corresponding electric field output intensity is found, for example, 1.5V/cm at the electrode corresponding to 1cm in volume of the target region or tumor.
A second embodiment of the invention provides a device 1 for wearing on the head of a user. The device 1 of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the device 1 comprises an electrode 11. The electrodes 11 may be attached to the head of the user so as to apply an electric field stimulus to a specific area within the head or to a tumor site. In fig. 1, the device 11 comprises two pairs of electrodes. The present invention is not limited thereto. The number of the electrodes can be increased or decreased according to the actual use scene so as to achieve the corresponding stimulation effect. These are all within the scope of the present invention. The electrode is, for example, a disposable adhesive electrode.
The apparatus 1 further comprises control means electrically coupled to the electrodes for applying a voltage to the electrodes for controlling one or more of the intensity, frequency, time of the electric field output by the electrodes. In fig. 3, the control device comprises an electric field generator 12 and an electrode switching device 13. The electrode switching device 13 has one end connected to the electric field generator 12 and the other end connected to the electrode 11. The electric field generator 12 includes, for example, a circuit board, a housing, keys, an indicator light, an output interface, a battery, and a power adapter.
The apparatus 1 further comprises an electrode positioning device 14, the electrode positioning device 14 being configured to receive or build a three-dimensional model of the brain of the user and to determine the attachment position of the electrode based on the three-dimensional model and the target area/tumor. The electrode positioning device 14 may be implemented by hardware or software, for example, on a computer installed on a windows operating system. According to a preferred manner, the electrode positioning means 14 further comprise display means, for example for displaying a schematic representation of the preferred attachment position or a relevant position parameter on the display means after the determination of the preferred attachment position of the electrode. The electrode positioning device 14 has the following main functions: judging whether the user is in the application range according to the brain target area or the tumor parameters of the user, and if so, giving a position reference picture of the electrode attached on the scalp, wherein the position reference picture can achieve the optimal effect.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device 1 further comprises: and the electrode moving device is coupled with the electrode and the electrode positioning device and automatically moves the electrode according to the attachment position determined by the electrode positioning device. Wherein the device 1 comprises, for example, a housing, such as a helmet-like housing. The electrode 11 is disposed in or inside the housing and is connected to the electrode moving means, driven by the electrode moving means. After the electrode positioning device 14 determines the optimal electrode attachment position, the electrode moving device receives the electrode attachment position parameters, moves the electrode to the corresponding position, and attaches to the scalp.
Fig. 4 shows an electrode attached according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an electric field generator and an electrode switching device.
As shown in fig. 5, the electrode switching device 13 includes an electrode switching device MCU (micro control unit), a temperature detecting unit (e.g., a temperature sensor), and a current detecting unit (e.g., a current sensor). The MCU of the electrode switching device is a processing core of the electrode switching device, and can be a singlechip, a PLC and the like. The temperature detection unit can detect the temperature of the electrode, and communicate the detection result to the electrode switching device MCU (micro control unit), and the electrode switching device MCU communicates to the electric field generator MCU, and the electric field generator adjusts the intensity and/or frequency and/or time of the electric field provided to the electrode so as to avoid discomfort to a user. For example, when the temperature of the electrode is too high to exceed a preset threshold value, the MCU of the electric field generator reduces the intensity of the electric field supplied to the electrode after receiving the temperature information and/or the information that the temperature exceeds the preset threshold value, thereby reducing the temperature thereof. The current detection unit detects the current intensity passing through the electrode, communicates the detection result to the electrode switching device MCU, and communicates the detection result to the electric field generator MCU by the electrode switching device MCU, so that the electric field generator can adjust the intensity and/or frequency and/or time of the electric field provided to the electrode, and the optimal brain stimulation or treatment effect is realized.
The electric field generator comprises an electric field generator MCU for adjusting the intensity and/or frequency and/or time of the electric field provided to the electrodes based on the collected current, temperature and other parameters. The electric field generator further comprises the individual electronic components or functional modules shown in fig. 5. Wherein, through the signal source, can output the alternating current of little signal with fixed frequency. And amplifying the small-signal alternating current output by the signal source through power amplification, and outputting alternating current with rated voltage and rated power. The working frequency of the alternating current output by the therapeutic apparatus is detected through signal frequency detection. Through battery and electric quantity calculation, the therapeutic instrument can use the battery to supply power and accurately calculate the electric quantity information of the battery.
The present invention also provides an electrode positioning apparatus comprising: means for creating or receiving a three-dimensional model of a user's brain; means for determining a location of a target region in the three-dimensional model; means for determining whether the target area is below a user's cerebellum; means for establishing a first reference plane if the target area is not under a user's cerebellum, wherein the first reference plane is the lowest plane at which the electrode can be attached to the user's head; means for determining whether the target area is below the first reference plane; means for establishing a second reference plane centered on the target area and determining the attachment height of the electrode based on the second reference plane if the target area is not below the first reference plane.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a computer program product 600 arranged in accordance with at least some embodiments of the invention. The signal bearing medium 602 may be implemented as or include a computer readable medium 606, a computer recordable medium 608, a computer communication medium 610, or a combination thereof, that stores programming instructions 604 that configure a processing unit to perform all or some of the previously described processes. The instructions may include, for example, one or more executable instructions for causing one or more processors to: establishing or acquiring a three-dimensional model of the brain of the user; determining the position of a target area in the three-dimensional model; judging whether the target area is below a cerebellum of a user; if the target area is not below the cerebellum of the user, a first reference plane is established, wherein the first reference plane is the lowest plane to which the electrode can be attached on the head of the user; judging whether the target area is below the first reference plane; if the target area is not below the first reference plane, a second reference plane is established with the target area as a center, and the attaching height of the electrode is determined based on the second reference plane.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A device for wearing on a user's head, comprising:
one or more pairs of electrodes for attachment to the head of a user to apply an electric field to a target region within the brain of the user;
a control device coupled to the electrode for controlling one or more of the intensity, frequency, and time of the electric field output by the electrode;
an electrode positioning device configured to receive or build a three-dimensional model of the brain of the user and determine an attachment location of the electrode based on the three-dimensional model and the target region, wherein determining the attachment location of the electrode comprises: determining the position of a target area in the three-dimensional model and judging whether the target area is below a user's cerebellum, if the target area is below the user's cerebellum, judging that the user is not applicable to the device, and if the target area is not below the user's cerebellum, establishing a first reference plane, wherein the first reference plane is the lowest plane to which the electrode can be attached at the head of the user; judging whether the target area is below the first reference plane, if so, judging that the user is not suitable for attaching the electrode; if the target area is not below the first reference plane, establishing a second reference plane and determining the attaching position of the electrode based on the second reference plane; and
and the electrode moving device is coupled with the electrode and the electrode positioning device and automatically moves the electrode according to the attachment position determined by the electrode positioning device.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein determining the attachment location of the electrode based on the three-dimensional model and the target region further comprises one or more of:
determining the attaching mode of the electrode, wherein when the length of the electrode is larger than a preset value, the attaching mode of the electrode is longitudinal attaching, and when the length of the electrode is smaller than the preset value, the attaching mode of the electrode is transverse attaching;
determining the offset angle of the electrode according to the distance between the target area and the central line of the brain of the user and the distance between the center of the target area and the front end of the brain;
the electric field strength and frequency provided to the electrodes is determined based on the volume and/or area of the target area.
3. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the control means comprises an electric field generator and an electrode switching means, one end of which is connected to the electric field generator and the other end of which is connected to the electrode.
4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-2, comprising at least two pairs of said electrodes.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the electrode switching device comprises a temperature detection unit configured to detect a temperature of the electrode, the electrode switching device communicating the detected temperature to the electric field generator, the electric field generator controlling one or more of an intensity, a frequency, and a time of an electric field applied to the electrode based on the temperature.
6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the electrode switching device comprises a current detection unit configured to detect a current through the electrode, the electrode switching device communicating the detected current to the electric field generator, the electric field generator controlling one or more of an intensity, a frequency, a time of an electric field applied to the electrode in accordance with the current.
7. A method of electrode positioning using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
establishing or acquiring a three-dimensional model of the brain of the user;
determining the position of a target area in the three-dimensional model;
judging whether the target area is below a cerebellum of a user;
if the target area is below the cerebellum of the user, judging that the user is not applicable to the equipment;
if the target area is not below the cerebellum of the user, a first reference plane is established, wherein the first reference plane is the lowest plane to which the electrode can be attached on the head of the user;
judging whether the target area is below the first reference plane;
if the target area is below the first reference plane, judging that the user is not suitable for attaching the electrode;
if the target area is not below the first reference plane, a second reference plane is established, and the attachment position of the electrode is determined based on the second reference plane.
8. The method of electrode positioning of claim 7, further comprising: and determining the attaching mode of the electrode, wherein when the length of the electrode is larger than a preset value, the attaching mode of the electrode is longitudinal attaching, and when the length of the electrode is smaller than the preset value, the attaching mode of the electrode is transverse attaching.
9. The method of electrode positioning of claim 7 or 8, further comprising: and determining the offset angle of the electrode according to the distance between the target area and the central line of the brain of the user and the distance between the center of the target area and the front end of the brain.
10. The method of electrode positioning of claim 7 or 8, further comprising: the electric field strength and frequency provided to the electrodes is determined based on the volume and/or area of the target area.
11. The method of electrode positioning of claim 7 or 8, wherein the electrodes are paired electrodes.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising computer-executable instructions stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method of electrode positioning of any of claims 7 to 11.
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| CN110051931A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-26 | 北京康源嘉成生物科技有限公司 | A kind of wearable device and its electromagnetic conversion unit localization method exporting magnetic field |
| US20240061398A1 (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2024-02-22 | Novocure Gmbh | Methods, systems, and apparatuses for guiding transducer array placement |
| CN111342649A (en) * | 2020-03-21 | 2020-06-26 | 安徽兆立普医疗器械有限公司 | Oscillation current output and feedback circuit of high-frequency oscillation thermotherapy rehabilitation instrument |
| CN113101517B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-02-01 | 中国医学科学院北京协和医院 | Implantable electrode device and preparation method thereof |
| CN113368389B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2023-03-14 | 湖南安泰康成生物科技有限公司 | Equipment for inhibiting tumor proliferation by using electric field and control method and device thereof |
| WO2024141897A1 (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-04 | Novocure Gmbh | Positioning electrode elements on a subject's body to provide stronger alternating electric fields (e.g., ttfields) without overheating |
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