CN107277537B - A kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation - Google Patents
A kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation Download PDFInfo
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/132—Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
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Abstract
The distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation that the invention discloses a kind of, this method is on the basis of establishing the distributed video compressed sensing model without feedback, make full use of the temporal correlation between video frame, the size of video image group information is accounted for by each image block message tentatively to distribute every piece of sample rate, pattern discrimination is carried out according to interframe residual error, the actual sample rate of each fritter is calculated, to realize adaptively sampled distribution.This method can improve the reconstruction quality of video under identical total sampling rate, and reduce sampling number bring energy and save considerably beyond the consumption of additional energy caused by dynamic sampling rate algorithm, not use feedback channel, time delay is smaller.This method solve temporal correlation is not fully considered in existing distributed video compressed sensing sampling process, there is practical value well.
Description
Technical field
The distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation that the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to video image
Processing technology field.
Background technique
Since the complexity of video frequency signal processing and the flow of transmission are big, for lacking electric power and communication network infrastructure
Application environment, existing video monitoring system be unable to satisfy using need.Compressed sensing (Compressive Sensing, CS)
Technology depth excavates the sparsity inside vision signal, and the low dimension projective of original signal is extracted by lack sampling method, and utilizes
The means high probability of optimization or iteration completes the reconstruct of original signal.CS is applied to distributed video coding (Distributed
Video Coding, DVC) in produce distributed video compressed sensing technology (Distributed Compressive Video
Sensing, DCVS), memory space is saved, encoder complexity is reduced, improves the quality of video image.
Currently, the non-key frame sampling in DCVS research is all mostly the same sample rate of stationary phase, and to single-frame images piecemeal
And all pieces are sampled compared with the method directly to full frame image sample reconstruction for block with identical sample rate
Single frames restructing algorithm apparent superiority is all shown in speed and quality.However, these are for the processing of video single frames
Method has ignored possessed strong correlation between video successive frame.Currently, there are several types of adaptively sampled method by
It proposes.According to the method for the different distribution sample rates of attention rate, foreground and background is distinguished, the reconstruction quality of background is sacrificed, depending on
Frequency overall quality is almost without substantive improve.The self-adapting distribution method of sample rate, decoding end are realized using feedback channel
Reconstructed image is sent to the adjustment that coding side carries out sample rate, but system delay is larger, is not suitable for needing real-time decoding
Environment.Each of when by wavelet transform domain (Discrete Wavelet Transform, DWT) to every grade of decomposition of image
Using the adaptive sample rate scheme of piecemeal sampling in subband, hence it is evident that improve video image quality, but algorithm complexity compared with
It is high.The above adaptively sampled algorithm does not all fully consider the temporal correlation of video image.In general, current adaptive
Sample rate project study still in its infancy, so needing further to improve and develop.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation.It should
Method solves the problems, such as not fully considering video interframe temporal correlation in existing distributed video compressed sensing sampling process.
In the present invention, the distributed video compressed sensing model for initially setting up no feedback, takes full advantage of the time between video frame
Correlation tentatively distributes sample rate by temporal correlation information, then carries out pattern discrimination using interframe residual error to image block,
The sample rate of each fritter is calculated, to realize adaptively sampled distribution.Under identical total sampling rate, the present invention improves weight
Structure quality, and reduce the saving of sampling number bring energy and disappear considerably beyond additional energy caused by dynamic sampling rate algorithm
Consumption provides possibility to reduce sample rate, reducing energy consumption, so that distributed video compressed sensing is more applicable for the anti-dangerous disaster relief and shows
In the application of the emergency scenes such as field.
The present invention solves the technical method that its technical problem is taken: a kind of distributed video based on temporal correlation
The compressed sensing method of sampling, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
Input: video sequence, every frame have Ic×IrA pixel；
Step 1: original video stream is split as the image group (Group of Picture, GOP) that several length are G,
Every group of first frame X0For key frame, remaining frame { X1,X2,…,Xj,…,XG-1It is non-key frame；
Step 2: dividing n size to be the block of B × B each non-key frame；
Step 3: calculate the structural similarity in an image group between every two adjacent non-key frame:And each non-key frame temporal correlation information accounts in whole image group and believes in a GOP
The ratio of breath is
Step 4: accounting for temporal correlation information scales in an image group using each non-key frame temporal correlation information
Sample rate is distributed, then every piece of sample rate allocation proportion in t-th of non-key frame are as follows:
Step 5: the sample rate for calculating t-th of every piece of non-key frame isWhereinIt is averagely every
The sample rate of a non-key frame；
Step 6: working as RtWhen greater than 1, actual samples are not met, the reassignment of sample rate need to be carried out, if it is RtValue be more than
Threshold values Mmax, then sampled according to threshold values, extra sample rate is Rrt=Rt-Mmax, RrtAccording to m in non-key frame thereaftert
Size be proportionately distributed to subsequent frame, in this way measurement number could be assigned completely, obtain final Rt；
Step 7: calculating adjacent corresponding piece of two non-key frames of residual error St,i=Xt,i-Xt-1,i, wherein Xt,iIt is non-for t-th
I-th of fritter of key frame, if residual error is greater than threshold values T, the pattern-recognition mark value C of each image blockt,iIt is denoted as 0, otherwise,
Ct,iIt is denoted as 1, calculates every piece of final sample rate are as follows: rt,i=Ct,i×Rt；
Step 8: key frame intraframe coding or compression being measured, block-based compressed sensing is carried out to non-key frame；
Step 9: to key frame intraframe decoder or reconstruct, every fritter being carried out to non-key frame and is decoded reconstruct, it is only necessary to
To Ct,i=1 block is decoded, and is to labelt,iBlock after=0 block is directly reconstructed with former frame is filled up；
Step 10: by non-key frame reconstruct after fritter and filled up with former frame after block carried out according to former frame sign
Recombination.
Further, the G in above-mentioned steps 1 of the present invention is 6, and the sample rate of key frame is fixed as 0.7.
Further, the block size in above-mentioned steps 2 of the present invention is B=32.
Further, in above-mentioned steps 5 of the present invention0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5 is taken respectively.
Further, the threshold values M in above-mentioned steps 6 of the present inventionmaxTake 0.7.
Further, the threshold values T in above-mentioned steps 7 of the present invention is St,iMean value.
Further, the sparse matrix of the compressed sensing in above-mentioned steps 8 of the present invention uses Walsh-Hadamard matrix.
Further, reconstruct uses the sparse restructing algorithm of gradient projection in above-mentioned steps 9 of the present invention, and reconstruct the number of iterations is
100。
The utility model has the advantages that
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
First, the present invention on the basis of distributed video compressed sensing model, takes full advantage of between video frame first
Temporal correlation is carried out preliminary distribution sample rate by temporal correlation information, is then carried out to image block using interframe residual error
Pattern discrimination, calculates the sample rate of each fritter, to realize adaptively sampled distribution.Under identical total sampling rate, this hair
It is bright to improve reconstruction quality, so can guarantee that the video image distortion factor is small in wireless sensor network, the high premise of quality
Under, sample rate, which is reduced, with control bit stream size meets given target bit rate.
Second, the present invention is that the distributed video compressed sensing based on no feedback channel is adaptively sampled, and time delay is smaller, makes
Distributed video compress perception is obtained to be more applicable in the emergency scenes applications such as anti-dangerous disaster relief scene.
Third, the present invention in reduce sampling number bring energy save considerably beyond caused by dynamic sampling rate algorithm
Additional energy consumption, and the method that parts of images block uses previous frame image directly to fill up in reconstruct, reduce reconstitution time,
Meet requirement of the video monitoring system in the environment for lacking electric power and communication network infrastructure to video real-time.
4th, the present invention realizes adaptively sampled distribution, and this method can improve the weight of video under identical total sampling rate
Structure quality, and reduce the saving of sampling number bring energy and disappear considerably beyond additional energy caused by dynamic sampling rate algorithm
Consumption, does not use feedback channel, and time delay is smaller.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of frame diagram of the distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be the method for the present invention with tradition fixed sample rate algorithm and the multiple dimensioned piecemeal sampling technique of DWT it is non-key
Average peak signal to noise ratio (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, the PSNR) value of frame reconstructed image with sample rate variation feelings
Condition.70 frames before Foreman, Coastguard sequence, Group Of Pictures length 6.
Fig. 3 is sample rate when being 0.3, the image comparison of the 4th frame of Coastguard video sequence, and (a) is original image, (b)
It is the multiple dimensioned piecemeal sampling technique reconstruct image of DWT for fixed sample rate reconstruct image (c), (d) is this method figure.
Fig. 4 is sample rate when being 0.3, the image comparison of the 4th frame of Foreman video sequence, and it is (b) solid that (a), which is original image,
Determining sample rate reconstruct image (c) is the multiple dimensioned piecemeal sampling technique reconstruct image of DWT, (d) is this method figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail, specific embodiment is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation,
Specific step is as follows for this method:
Input: video sequence, every frame have Ic×IrA pixel；
Step 1: original video stream is split as the image group (Group of Picture, GOP) that several length are G,
Every group of first frame X0For key frame, remaining frame { X1,X2,…,Xj,…,XG-1It is non-key frame；
Step 2: dividing n size to be the block of B × B each non-key frame；
Step 3: calculate the structural similarity in an image group between every two adjacent non-key frame:And each non-key frame temporal correlation information accounts in whole image group and believes in a GOP
The ratio of breath is
Step 4: accounting for temporal correlation information ratio in an image group using each non-key frame temporal correlation information
Example distribution sample rate, then every piece of sample rate allocation proportion in t-th of non-key frame are as follows:
Step 5: the sample rate for calculating t-th of every piece of non-key frame isIt is wherein average every
The sample rate of a non-key frame；
Step 6: working as RtWhen greater than 1, actual samples are not met, the reassignment of sample rate need to be carried out, if it is RtValue be more than
Threshold values Mmax, then sampled according to threshold values, extra sample rate is Rrt=Rt-Mmax, RrtAccording to m in non-key frame thereaftert
Size be proportionately distributed to subsequent frame, in this way measurement number could be assigned completely, obtain final Rt；
Step 7: calculating adjacent corresponding piece of two non-key frames of residual error St,i=Xt,i-Xt-1,i, wherein Xt,iIt is non-for t-th
I-th of fritter of key frame, if residual error is greater than threshold values T, the pattern-recognition mark value C of each image blockt,iIt is denoted as 0, otherwise,
Ct,iIt is denoted as 1, calculates every piece of final sample rate are as follows: rt,i=Ct,i×Rt；
Step 8: intraframe coding being carried out to key frame or compression measures, block-based compressed sensing is carried out to non-key frame；
Step 9: intraframe decoder or reconstruct being carried out to key frame, reconstruct is decoded to the every fritter of non-key frame, it is only necessary to
To Ct,i=1 block is decoded, and is to labelt,iBlock after=0 block is directly reconstructed with former frame is filled up；
Step 10: by non-key frame reconstruct after fritter and filled up with former frame after block carried out according to former frame sign
Recombination.
G in step 1 of the present invention is 6, and the sample rate of key frame is fixed as 0.7.
Block size in step 2 of the present invention is B=32.
M in step 5 of the present invention takes 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5 respectively.
Threshold values M in step 6 of the present inventionmaxTake 0.7.
Threshold values T in step 7 of the present invention is St,iMean value.
The sparse matrix of compressed sensing in step 8 of the present invention uses Walsh-Hadamard matrix.
Reconstruct uses the sparse restructing algorithm of gradient projection in step 9 of the present invention, and reconstruct the number of iterations is 100.
Table 1 is the present invention and fixed sample rate algorithm and the multiple dimensioned partition of DWT when sample rate is 0.1~0.5,
The image processing time of image group image a foreman and coastguard are compared respectively, by being compared to runing time
With analysis it can be found that being higher than fixed sample rate Riming time of algorithm using runing time of the present invention, this shows meter of the invention
It calculates complexity to increase, but runing time is increased unobvious.Image reconstruction effect when sample rate of the present invention is 0.1 and solid
The image reconstruction effect determined when sample rate algorithm sample rate is 0.3 is suitable.Image group sample rate is 0.1 He in actual wireless network
0.3 transmission time differs 15~30s.I.e. when one timing of image definition requirements, when the present invention can reduce sample rate and transmission
Between.It is consumed so reducing sampling number bring energy and saving considerably beyond additional energy caused by dynamic sampling rate algorithm.
And the multiple dimensioned partition of DWT is compared, the processing time of the invention is less, and computation complexity is lower.
Table 1
The effect of the method for the present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Using preceding 70 frame of standard survey formula sequence Foreman, coastguard of CIF format (288 × 352) as test sequence
Column frame.Image group GOP length is 6.Key frame sample rate is fixed as 0.7.
Fig. 2 is the concrete condition of the preceding 70 frame emulation of sequence C oastguard, Foreman, it can be seen from the figure that in phase
With sample rate under, in Coastguard video sequence, the be averaged reconstruction quality of every frame of the present invention is mentioned than traditional fixed sample rate
2dB~3.2dB, in Foreman video sequence, the be averaged reconstruction quality of every frame of the present invention is improved than traditional fixed sample rate
1dB~3.8dB, improvement are obvious.And compared with the multiple dimensioned piecemeal sampling technique of DWT, this method to Coastguard,
Two kinds of video sequence reconstruction qualities of Foreman averagely improve 0.7dB and 1dB respectively.
Fig. 3 is the reconstructed image and original image comparison diagram of the 4th frame of Coastguard video sequence, non-in a GOP
The size that the sample rate of average every frame of key frame is 0.3, GOP takes 6.Reconstruction quality of the invention is 30.73dB, and fixation is adopted
Sample rate algorithm is 26.82dB, and the multiple dimensioned piecemeal sampling technique of DWT is 29.75dB, observes each reconstructing video frame, hence it is evident that this method
With best subjective visual quality.
Fig. 4 is the reconstructed image and original image comparison diagram of the 4th frame of Foreman video sequence, non-key in a GOP
The size that the sample rate of average every frame of frame is 0.3, GOP takes 6.When the 3rd frame of Foreman sequence is reconstructed, the present invention
Reconstruction quality be 32.57dB, and the multiple dimensioned piecemeal sampling technique of fixed sample rate algorithm 28.00dB, DWT be 31.75dB.It sees
Each reconstructing video frame is examined, obvious this method has best subjective visual quality.
The present invention takes full advantage of the time correlation between video frame on the basis of distributed video compressed sensing model
Property, tentatively distribution sample rate calculates the sampling of each fritter then to image block using interframe residual error progress pattern discrimination
Rate, to realize adaptively sampled distribution.Under identical total sampling rate, the present invention improves reconstruction quality, and reduces sampling time
Number bring energy is saved to be consumed considerably beyond additional energy caused by dynamic sampling rate algorithm, to reduce sample rate, reducing
Energy consumption provides possibility.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation, which is characterized in that the method includes
Following steps:
Input: video sequence, every frame have Ic×IrA pixel；
Step 1: by original video stream be split as several length be G image group (Group of Picture, GOP), every group
First frame X0For key frame, remaining frame { X1,X2,…,Xj,…,XG-1It is non-key frame；
Step 2: each non-key frame is divided into the block that n size is B × B；
Step 3: calculate the structural similarity in an image group between every two adjacent non-key frame:0<j
The ratio that each non-key frame temporal correlation information accounts for information in whole image group in < G and GOP is
Step 4: accounting for temporal correlation information scales in an image group using each non-key frame temporal correlation information and distribute
Sample rate, then every piece of sample rate allocation proportion in t-th of non-key frame are as follows:
Step 5: the sample rate for calculating t-th of every piece of non-key frame isWhereinIt is averagely each non-
The sample rate of key frame；
Step 6: working as RtWhen greater than 1, actual samples are not met, the reassignment of sample rate need to be carried out, if it is RtValue be more than valve
Value Mmax, then sampled according to threshold values, extra sample rate is Rrt=Rt-Mmax, RrtAccording to m in non-key frame thereaftertIt is big
Small to be proportionately distributed to subsequent frame, measurement counts up to be assigned entirely, obtains final Rt；
Step 7: calculating adjacent corresponding piece of two non-key frames of residual error St,i=Xt,i-Xt-1,i, wherein Xt,iIt is non-key for t-th
I-th of fritter of frame, if residual error is greater than threshold values T, the pattern-recognition mark value C of each image blockt,iIt is denoted as 0, otherwise, Ct,iNote
It is 1, calculates every piece of final sample rate are as follows: rt,i=Ct,i×Rt；
Step 8: key frame intraframe coding or compression being measured, block-based compressed sensing is carried out to non-key frame；
Step 9: intraframe decoder or reconstruct being carried out to key frame, reconstruct is decoded to the every fritter of non-key frame, it is only necessary to Ct,i
=1 block is decoded, and is to labelt,iBlock after=0 block is directly reconstructed with former frame is filled up；
Step 10: by non-key frame reconstruct after fritter and filled up with former frame after block according to former frame sign carry out again
Group.
2. a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the G in the step 1 is 6, and the sample rate of key frame is fixed as 0.7.
3. a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the block size in the step 2 is B=32.
4. a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation according to claim 1, special
Sign is: in the step 50.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5 is taken respectively.
5. a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the threshold values M in the step 6maxTake 0.7.
6. a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the threshold values T in the step 7 is St,iMean value.
7. a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the sparse matrix of the compressed sensing in the step 8 uses Walsh-Hadamard matrix.
8. a kind of distributed video compressed sensing method of sampling based on temporal correlation according to claim 1, special
Sign is: reconstruct uses the sparse restructing algorithm of gradient projection in the step 9, and reconstruct the number of iterations is 100.
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| CN108259916B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-08-16 | 南京邮电大学 | Best match interpolation reconstruction method in frame in a kind of distributed video compressed sensing |
| CN108712653B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-12-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | unidirectional distributed video decoding method based on iterative correlation noise refinement |
| CN108998761B (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-05-22 | 广东第二师范学院 | Molybdenum disulfide film and preparation method and preparation system thereof |
| CN112801082B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2024-01-12 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Image sampling method and device and electronic equipment |
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