CN107276581A - A kind of stepping temperature compensation of crystal oscillator - Google Patents
A kind of stepping temperature compensation of crystal oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107276581A CN107276581A CN201710348419.XA CN201710348419A CN107276581A CN 107276581 A CN107276581 A CN 107276581A CN 201710348419 A CN201710348419 A CN 201710348419A CN 107276581 A CN107276581 A CN 107276581A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
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Abstract
Framework is compensated using closed loop feedback the invention discloses a kind of stepping temperature compensation of crystal oscillator.First, target frequency f is determined0Corresponding binary coding B0i, and be stored in single-chip microcomputer；When temperature change is, mould frequency is sent into analog-digital converter for f (T) signal and is converted to corresponding binary coding B1i, and be input in single-chip microcomputer and target frequency f0Binary coding B0iIt is compared, the given threshold range delta B in single-chip microcomputer, by B0iAnd B1iAfter being compared, comparison result B is judged0i‑B1iWhether within threshold range.If B0i‑B1iNot in threshold range, then with stepping binary coding B2iCompensate, be fed again into after compensation in single-chip microcomputer and B0iIt is compared, circulation compensation is so carried out, until comparison result B0i‑B1iIn threshold range, temperature-compensating is finally realized.It is of the invention compared with existing temperature compensating crystal oscillator, it is not necessary to temperature sensor, thus overcome in existing TCXO due to temperature in use sensor and crystal resonator wafer temperature change it is asynchronous caused by temperature hysteresis problem.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crystal oscillator technologies field, more specifically, it is related to a kind of stepping temperature of crystal oscillator
Spend compensation method.
Background technology
Temperature compensating crystal oscillator (TCXO, Temperature Compensate Xtal (crystal)
Oscillator it is) that a kind of can be worked within the scope of wider temperature and keep crystal oscillator by certain compensation way
Output frequency (10 in certain accuracy rating-6~10-7Magnitude) crystal oscillator.It has low-power, and start can
Work, and with high stability the features such as, be widely used in various communications, navigation, radar, global position system, move lead to
In letter, SPC telephone exchange, all kinds of electronic measuring instruments.
Existing temperature compensating crystal oscillator is substantially with temperature compensation network and is generated by it relevant with temperature
Offset voltage VCXO (Voltage Controlled Xtal (crystal) Oscillator, VCXO).
Primary Component in uncompensated VCXO is to cut quartz crystal using AT, and its temperature characteristics is approximately one
Cubic curve, can be expressed as：
F (T)=a3(T-T0)3+a1(T-T0)+a0 (1)
Wherein, a3It is three ordered coefficients, a1It is coefficient of first order, a0It is temperature in reference temperature T0When frequency of oscillation.
Frequency linearity gain characteristic for existing VCXO can be approximately expressed as follows：
f(VC)=- G (VC-VC0)+f0 (2)
Wherein, G is the gain of VCXO, VCIt is the control voltage of VCXO, VC0It is voltage-controlled crystalline substance
The initial input voltage at the voltage-controlled end of oscillation body device, f0It is that input is VC0When frequency of oscillation.
So, as the offset voltage V of compensation crystal oscillator temperature characterisiticC(T) equation can be expressed as：
VC(T)=A3(T-T0)3+A1(T-T0)+A0 (3)
Now, A3=a3/ G, A1=a1/ G, A0It is that temperature is T0When offset voltage.
In order to realize equation (3) temperature is carried out, it is necessary to produce a temperature-compensated voltage and be added on VCXO
Degree compensation, so as to obtain the rate-adaptive pacemaker of the stabilization in wide temperature range, reaches temperature to offset this frequency-temperature characteristic
The purpose of compensation.
At present, realize that the i.e. TCXO of temperature compensating crystal oscillator digital temperature compensation is mainly by single-chip microcomputer to temperature
Sensor carries out data acquisition and exports offset voltage, and two ways is mainly also classified at present：
The first is the temperature-compensating based on microprocessor.Fig. 1 is the temperature under the temperature-compensating mode based on microprocessor
Compensated crystal oscillator structure chart is spent, it is a kind of temperature-compensating framework of open loop type.As shown in figure 1, it includes TEMP
Device and modulate circuit 101, microprocessor 102, compensation network 103 and VCXO 104.Temperature T is by TEMP
Device and modulate circuit 101 gather and are nursed one's health and obtained, and are then fed into microprocessor 102 according to temperature in temperature-compensation
Voltmeter is searched, and is compensated magnitude of voltage, then compensates network 103 and offset voltage value is converted into offset voltage, input
It is transfiguration device therein to the voltage-controlled voltage controling end of VCXO 104, when offset voltage change, the electricity of transfiguration device
Capacitance changes to change the purpose that the output frequency of VCXO reaches control frequency therewith.It can be seen that, it is direct
An offset voltage related to temperature is inputted in the voltage-controlled voltage controling end of (to be compensated) VCXO 104 to reach
The purpose of temperature-compensating.Wherein, temperature-compensation voltmeter is that prior collection VCXO 104 is tieed up at different temperatures
Holding frequency stabilization needs the voltage of compensation and builds.Detailed description can be found in " bang rosy clouds, Yang Yu, all new microcomputer benefits of Weihe
Repay crystal oscillator Chinese journal of scientific instrument .2002 (S3):135-136.”
Second is the temperature-compensating based on mixing.Fig. 2 is that the temperature-compensating under the temperature-compensating mode based on mixing is brilliant
Oscillation body device structure chart, it is also a kind of temperature-compensating framework of open loop type.As shown in Fig. 2 the temperature compensating crystal oscillator
A quartz oscillator 204 with needing to compensate is produced by temperature sensor 201 and compensation frequency generating circuit 202 to produce
The compensation frequency signal of raw deviation frequency absolute value equal symbol conversely, the compensation frequency signal is whole by whole wave circuit 203
Signal after ripple is mixed and exported in frequency mixer 205 with the frequency signal that do not compensate that quartz oscillator 204 is exported,
Obtain after another wave filter 205 expecting again obtaining have been compensated for after frequency signal, so as to reach the purpose of temperature-compensating.Its
In compensation frequency signal generation circuit mainly be made up of temperature sensor, ADC, single-chip microcomputer, DAC.Detailed description can be joined
See on 03 18th, 2009 Granted publications, the Chinese invention patent that notification number is CN 100471035B：A kind of quartz crystal shakes
Swing device temperature compensation, inventor's Huang aobvious core, Li Minqiang, Fu Wei, Tan Feng, application number/grant number：
CN200410022680.3”.Which is when realizing the high frequency i.e. TCXO of temperature compensating crystal oscillator on phase noise characteristic
It is advantageous, but composition is more complicated, is not widely used also at present.
To sum up, existing crystal oscillator temperature compensation, is all to compensate framework using open loop type, will use temperature
Sensor, the temperature sensor on circuit as far as possible close to crystal resonator, and the resonant chip of crystal resonator be by
Individually it is encapsulated in confined space, it is slow that this allows between temperature sensor and resonant chip inevitably generating temperature
It is stagnant, cause temperature compensating crystal oscillator i.e. TCXO frequency-temperature characteristic to fail to make a breakthrough always.Especially for output
Signal is the crystal oscillator of high frequency, and this temperature hysteresis problem is even more serious, and compensation precision is limited.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of stepping temperature-compensating of crystal oscillator
Method, to avoid temperature hysteresis effect caused by temperature sensor i.e. sensor collecting temperature and the real time temperature of resonant chip not
The output frequency error problem unanimously brought.
For achieving the above object, the stepping temperature compensation of crystal oscillator of the present invention, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
(1) target frequency f, is determined0Corresponding binary coding B0i
In normal temperature T0, at 25 DEG C, adjustment VCXO is the control voltage at the voltage-controlled ends of VCXOMake its defeated
Go out target frequency f0Signal, be then converted to corresponding binary coding B by analog-digital converter0i, it is input in single-chip microcomputer,
And by binary coding B0iPreserve, to be compared and computing；
(2) the corresponding binary codings of current time frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T), are determined
Due to the change of temperature, VCXO is that VCXO output frequency is f (T)=f0± Δ f (T), wherein,
Frequency f (T) is not compensate and need the real-time output frequency of compensation, f0It is the target frequency for expecting VCXO output
Rate, Δ f (T) is the frequency shift (FS) as caused by temperature change, and it is a function, variation with temperature and changed, if output
Frequency is raised, then f (T)=f0+ Δ f (T), if output frequency is reduced, f (T)=f0- Δ f (T), by VCXO
That is corresponding binary coding B is converted in frequency signal f (T) the feeding analog-digital converters that VCXO is exported in real time1i, send into monolithic
With B in machine0iIt is compared and calculates, initialization stepping frequency n=0
(3) comparison result B, is judged0i-B1iWhether in threshold range Δ B
The given threshold range delta B in single-chip microcomputer, by binary coding B0iWith binary coding B1iAfter being compared,
Judge comparison result B0i-B1iWhether in threshold range Δ B, if it was not then n=n+1, goes to step (4)；If,
Export the corresponding binary codings of current f (T), i.e. f (T)=f0, realize VCXO i.e. VCXO temperature-compensating；
(4), stepping output offset voltage
Work as B0i-B1iMore than threshold range, then export offset voltage and be worth corresponding binary coding Bv=B0i+n×B2i；When
B0i-B1iLess than threshold range, then export offset voltage and be worth corresponding binary coding Bv=B0i-n×B2i, wherein, B2iFor stepping
Binary coding；
Single-chip microcomputer exports the binary coding B of offset voltage0i+n×B2iOr B0i-n×B2i, changed by digital analog converter
For offset voltageOrAnd exported after signal conditioning circuit is nursed one's health to VCXO
That is the voltage-controlled ends of VCXO, are then back to step (3), wherein, Δ V (T) is offset voltage variable quantity.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this.
The stepping temperature compensation of crystal oscillator of the present invention compensates framework using closed loop feedback.First, target is determined
Frequency f0Corresponding binary coding B0i, and be stored in single-chip microcomputer；Secondly, when the temperature is changed, frequency signal f (T) is sent into
Corresponding binary coding B is converted in analog-digital converter1i, it is then sent in single-chip microcomputer and target frequency f0Binary coding
B0iIt is compared, meanwhile, according to the threshold range Δ B set in single-chip microcomputer, judge comparison result B0i-B1iWhether in threshold value model
Within enclosing.If B0i-B1iNot in threshold range, then with stepping binary coding B2iCompensate, list is fed again into after compensation
With B in piece machine0iIt is compared, circulation compensation is so carried out, until comparison result B0i-B1iIt is final to realize temperature in threshold range
Degree compensation.
It is of the invention compared with existing temperature compensating crystal oscillator, with following technological merit：
1) temperature sensor is not needed, but in real time directly turns VCXO to be compensated frequency change information by modulus
Parallel operation and single-chip microcomputer are compensated information, and target frequency is approached in the corresponding binary-coded mode of minimum step offset voltage
Rate.This method can overcome in existing TCXO due to temperature in use sensor and crystal resonator wafer temperature change is asynchronous draws
The temperature hysteresis problem risen；
2) present invention employs closed loop compensation framework, it is easier to realizes that real-time high-precision is compensated；
3) compensation process of the present invention is simple, it is not necessary to as the traditional temperature compensating crystal oscillator of principle needs first to gather frequency
The data of rate temperature and offset voltage, but the corresponding binary coding of information for needing to compensate directly is converted into compensation electricity
Pressure, structure of the present invention is also relatively simple, it is easy to integrated and batch production；
4) present invention can be with the well suited crystal oscillator in various frequencies, especially for using prior art compensation
The poor high frequency crystal oscillator of effect, its compensation effect is also preferable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the temperature compensating crystal oscillator structure figure under the existing temperature-compensating mode based on microprocessor；
Fig. 2 is the temperature compensating crystal oscillator structure figure under the existing temperature-compensating mode based on mixing；
Fig. 3 is digital temperature compensating method one kind specific implementation flow chart of crystal oscillator of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the hardware i.e. theory diagram of temperature compensating crystal oscillator built according to the inventive method；
Fig. 5 is the workflow diagram of the temperature compensating crystal oscillator shown in Fig. 4.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to those skilled in the art preferably
Understand the present invention.Requiring particular attention is that, in the following description, when known function and design detailed description perhaps
When can desalinate the main contents of the present invention, these descriptions will be ignored herein.
Fig. 3 is stepping temperature compensation one kind specific implementation flow chart of crystal oscillator of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the stepping temperature compensation of crystal oscillator of the present invention includes following step
Suddenly：
Step S1：Determine target frequency f0Corresponding binary coding B0i
In normal temperature T0, at 25 DEG C, adjustment VCXO is the control voltage at the voltage-controlled ends of VCXOMake its defeated
Go out target frequency f0, corresponding binary coding B is then converted into by analog-digital converter0i, and by target frequency f0's
Binary coding B0iPreserve to be compared and computing；
Step S2：Determine corresponding binary coding during current time frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T)
Due to the change of temperature, VCXO is that VCXO output frequency is f (T)=f0± Δ f (T), wherein,
Frequency f (T) is not compensate and need the real-time output frequency of compensation, f0It is the target frequency for expecting VCXO output
Rate, Δ f (T) is the frequency shift (FS) as caused by temperature change, and it is a function, variation with temperature and changed, if output
Frequency is raised, then f (T)=f0+ Δ f (T), if output frequency is reduced, f (T)=f0- Δ f (T), by VCXO
That is corresponding binary coding B is converted in frequency signal f (T) the feeding analog-digital converters that VCXO is exported in real time1i, then input
Into single-chip microcomputer with B0iIt is compared and calculates, initialization stepping frequency n=0.
Step S3：Judge comparison result B0i-B1iWhether in threshold range Δ B
The given threshold range delta B in single-chip microcomputer, by binary coding B0iWith binary coding B1iAfter being compared,
Judge comparison result B0i-B1iWhether in threshold range Δ B, if it was not then n=n+1, goes to step (4)；If,
Export the corresponding binary codings of current f (T), i.e. f (T)=f0, realize VCXO i.e. VCXO temperature-compensating；
Step S4：Stepping exports offset voltage
Work as B0i-B1iMore than threshold range, then export offset voltage and be worth corresponding binary coding Bv=B0i+n×B2i；When
B0i-B1iLess than threshold range, then export offset voltage and be worth corresponding binary coding Bv=B0i-n×B2i, wherein, B2iFor stepping
Binary coding；
Single-chip microcomputer exports the binary coding B of offset voltage0i+n×B2iOr B0i-n×B2i, changed by digital analog converter
For offset voltageOrAnd exported after signal conditioning circuit is nursed one's health to VCXO
I.e. VCXO voltage controling end, is then back to step (3), wherein, Δ V (T) is offset voltage variable quantity.
In the present embodiment, the hardware i.e. theory diagram of temperature compensating crystal oscillator built according to the inventive method is such as
Shown in Fig. 4, it includes：VCXO is VCXO 301, power splitter 302, analog-digital converter 303, single-chip microcomputer 304, number
Weighted-voltage D/A converter 305, signal conditioning circuit 306.VCXO is VCXO 301 main by quartz resonator, the pole of transfiguration two
Pipe and oscillating circuit composition, its operation principle is the electric capacity for changing varactor by control voltage, so that " traction " stone
The frequency of English resonator, to reach the purpose of frequency adjustment.Power splitter 302 is by the defeated of the i.e. VCXO 301 of VCXO
Go out frequency signal and be divided into two-way, wherein normal output all the way, another road is inputted to analog-digital converter 303；Analog-digital converter 303 is
The output frequency signal that VCXO is VCXO 301 is converted into corresponding binary coding.Single-chip microcomputer 304 is carried out
Binary coding storage, frequency are compared with calculating, and are compensated the binary coding B of voltage0i+n×B2iOr B0i-n×B2i, number
Weighted-voltage D/A converter 305 is by the binary coding B of offset voltage0i+n×B2iOr B0i-n×B2iBe converted to offset voltage
OrAnd exported after the conditioning of signal conditioning circuit 306 to VCXO i.e. VCXO 301 voltage
Control end, realizes VCXO i.e. VCXO temperature-compensating.
Fig. 5 is the workflow diagram of the temperature compensating crystal oscillator shown in Fig. 4.In the present embodiment, it includes following
Step：
The first step：At normal temperatures control voltage is inputted to VCXOIt is set to export target frequency f0, pass through analog-to-digital conversion
Device is converted into corresponding binary coding, is input in single-chip microcomputer and by f0Binary coding B0iPreserve to be compared
Pair and computing；
Second step：VCXO output signal f (T) is input in single-chip microcomputer by analog-digital converter, with f0Corresponding two enter
System coding B1iCalculated, and judged result works as B whether within threshold voltage ranges0i-B1iMore than threshold range, then export
Offset voltage is worth corresponding binary coding B0i+n×B2i；Work as B0i-B1iLess than threshold range, then offset voltage value correspondence is exported
Binary coding B0i-n×B2i.Conversely, as comparison result B0i-B1iIn threshold range, then current f (T) corresponding two is exported
Scale coding B1i.The program of above procedure is stored in single-chip microcomputer；
3rd step：Single-chip microcomputer exports the binary coding B of offset voltage0i±n×B2i, be converted to by digital analog converter
Offset voltage
4th step：The voltage signal of digital analog converter outputThe processing by signal conditioning circuit is needed,
Export to VCXO voltage controling end, finally as f (T)=f0When, realize VCXO temperature-compensating.
From the above description, it can be seen that the essence of the present invention is directly by modulus by VCXO to be compensated frequency change information
Converter and single-chip microcomputer are compensated the binary coding of information, with the corresponding binary-coded side of minimum step offset voltage
Formula approaches target frequency, circulates and is compared into line frequency, is equal to the output of VCXO after compensation and expects what is obtained
Target frequency signal f0, so as to reach the purpose of temperature-compensating.
Although illustrative embodiment of the invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art
Personnel understand the present invention, it should be apparent that the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment, to the common skill of the art
For art personnel, as long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claim is limited and is determined, these
Change is it will be apparent that all utilize the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the row of protection.
Claims (1)
1. the stepping temperature compensation of a kind of crystal oscillator, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) target frequency f, is determined0Corresponding binary coding B0i
In normal temperature T0, at 25 DEG C, adjustment VCXO is the control voltage at the voltage-controlled ends of VCXOIt is set to export target
Frequency f0Signal, be then converted to corresponding binary coding B by analog-digital converter0i, it is input in single-chip microcomputer, and by two
Scale coding B0iPreserve, to be compared and computing；
(2) corresponding binary coding during current time frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T), is determined
Due to the change of temperature, VCXO is that VCXO output frequency is f (T)=f0± Δ f (T), wherein, frequency f
(T) it is not compensate and need the real-time output frequency of compensation, f0It is the target frequency for expecting VCXO output, Δ f
(T) it is the frequency shift (FS) as caused by temperature change, it is a function, variation with temperature and changed, if output frequency liter
Height, then f (T)=f0+ Δ f (T), if output frequency is reduced, f (T)=f0- Δ f (T), is VCXO by VCXO
The frequency exported in real time is sent into analog-digital converter for f (T) signal and is converted to corresponding binary coding B1i, it is input to monolithic
In machine, with B in feeding single-chip microcomputer0iIt is compared and calculates, initialization stepping frequency n=0
(3) comparison result B, is judged0i-B1iWhether in threshold range Δ B
The given threshold range delta B in single-chip microcomputer, by the binary coding B of preservation0iWith binary coding B1iAfter being compared,
Judge comparison result B0i-B1iWhether in threshold range Δ B, if it was not then n=n+1, goes to step (4), if,
Terminate compensation, f (T)=f0When, realize VCXO i.e. VCXO temperature-compensating；
(4), stepping output offset voltage
Work as B0i-B1iMore than threshold range, then export offset voltage and be worth corresponding binary coding Bv=B0i+n×B2i；Work as B0i-B1i
Less than threshold range, then export offset voltage and be worth corresponding binary coding Bv=B0i-n×B2i, wherein, B2iEnter for stepping two
System coding；
Single-chip microcomputer exports the binary coding B of offset voltage0i+n×B2iOr B0i-n×B2i, benefit is converted to by digital analog converter
Repay voltageOrAnd exported after signal conditioning circuit is nursed one's health to VCXO i.e.
The voltage-controlled ends of VCXO, are then back to step (3), wherein, Δ V (T) is offset voltage value added.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110855242A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 电子科技大学 | Voltage variation-based crystal oscillator vibration-resistant compensation device and method |
| CN111010089A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Anti-vibration crystal oscillator |
| CN111669126A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-09-15 | 成都恒晶科技有限公司 | Test method for improving stability of temperature compensation crystal oscillator |
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| US20060022764A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2006-02-02 | Aaron Partridge | Frequency and/or phase compensated microelectromechanical oscillator |
| US20060262623A1 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2006-11-23 | Sehat Sutardja | Phase locked loop with temperature compensation |
| CN106301224A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 成都菁汇科技有限公司 | A kind of crystal oscillator automatic temperature compensation system |
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| JP5533030B2 (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2014-06-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Oscillation circuit and frequency correction type oscillation circuit |
| CN106253893B (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2019-01-11 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of High Accuracy Microcomputer compensated crystal oscillator |
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| US20060262623A1 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2006-11-23 | Sehat Sutardja | Phase locked loop with temperature compensation |
| US20060022764A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2006-02-02 | Aaron Partridge | Frequency and/or phase compensated microelectromechanical oscillator |
| CN106301224A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 成都菁汇科技有限公司 | A kind of crystal oscillator automatic temperature compensation system |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110855242A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 电子科技大学 | Voltage variation-based crystal oscillator vibration-resistant compensation device and method |
| CN111010089A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Anti-vibration crystal oscillator |
| CN110855242B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-10-25 | 电子科技大学 | Voltage variation-based crystal oscillator vibration-resistant compensation device and method |
| CN111669126A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-09-15 | 成都恒晶科技有限公司 | Test method for improving stability of temperature compensation crystal oscillator |
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