CN107257240A - A kind of digital temperature compensating method of crystal oscillator - Google Patents
A kind of digital temperature compensating method of crystal oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107257240A CN107257240A CN201710349263.7A CN201710349263A CN107257240A CN 107257240 A CN107257240 A CN 107257240A CN 201710349263 A CN201710349263 A CN 201710349263A CN 107257240 A CN107257240 A CN 107257240A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L1/00—Stabilisation of generator output against variations of physical values, e.g. power supply
- H03L1/02—Stabilisation of generator output against variations of physical values, e.g. power supply against variations of temperature only
- H03L1/022—Stabilisation of generator output against variations of physical values, e.g. power supply against variations of temperature only by indirect stabilisation, i.e. by generating an electrical correction signal which is a function of the temperature
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of digital temperature compensating method of crystal oscillator, framework is compensated using closed loop feedback.First, target frequency f is determined0Corresponding binary coding B0i, and it is stored in microprocessor；When temperature change is, microprocessor carries out measurement generation binary coding B in real time to VCXO output frequency1i, and binary coding corresponding with target frequency is compared, the binary coding of compensated information needed for obtaining；The voltage-controlled adjustable side that offset voltage is input to VCXO is converted into finally by digital analog converter, it is exported target frequency, realizes temperature-compensating.It is of the invention compared with the digital temperature compensating method of existing crystal oscillator, temperature sensor is not needed, but be directly converted to the frequency departure related in real time to temperature therewith into one-to-one relationship binary coding, and corresponding offset voltage progress temperature-compensating is converted into, overcome in existing temperature compensating crystal oscillator i.e. TCXO due to temperature in use sensor and the asynchronous caused temperature hysteresis problem of crystal resonator temperature change.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crystal oscillator technologies field, more specifically, it is related to one kind.
Background technology
Temperature compensating crystal oscillator (TCXO, Temperature Compensate Xtal (crystal)
Oscillator it is) that a kind of can be worked within the scope of wider temperature and keep crystal oscillator by certain compensation way
Output frequency (10 in certain accuracy rating-6~10-7Magnitude) crystal oscillator.It has low-power, and start can
Work, and with high stability the features such as, be widely used in various communications, navigation, radar, global position system, move lead to
In letter, SPC telephone exchange, all kinds of electronic measuring instruments.
Existing temperature compensating crystal oscillator is substantially with temperature compensation network and is generated by it relevant with temperature
Offset voltage VCXO (Voltage Controlled Xtal (crystal) Oscillator, VCXO).
Primary Component in uncompensated VCXO is to cut quartz crystal using AT, and its temperature characteristics is approximately one
Cubic curve, can be expressed as：
F (T)=a3(T-T0)3+a1(T-T0)+a0 (1)
Wherein, a3It is three ordered coefficients, a1It is coefficient of first order, a0It is temperature in reference temperature T0When frequency of oscillation.
Frequency linearity gain characteristic for existing VCXO can be approximately expressed as follows：
F (VC)=- G (VC-VC0)+f0 (2)
Wherein, G is the gain of VCXO, and VC is the control voltage of VCXO, VC0It is voltage-controlled crystalline substance
The input voltage at the voltage-controlled end of oscillation body device, f0It is that input is VC0When frequency of oscillation.
So, it can be expressed as the offset voltage VC (T) of compensation crystal oscillator temperature characterisitic equation：
VC (T)=A3(T-T0)3+A1(T-T0)+A0 (3)
Now, A3=a3/ G, A1=a1/ G, A0It is that temperature is T0When offset voltage.
In order to realize equation (3) temperature is carried out, it is necessary to produce a temperature-compensated voltage and be added on VCXO
Degree compensation, so as to obtain the rate-adaptive pacemaker of the stabilization in wide temperature range, reaches temperature to offset this frequency-temperature characteristic
The purpose of compensation.
At present, realize that the i.e. TCXO of temperature compensating crystal oscillator digital temperature compensation is mainly by single-chip microcomputer to temperature
Sensor carries out data acquisition and exports offset voltage, and two ways is mainly also classified at present：
The first is the temperature-compensating based on microprocessor.Fig. 1 is the temperature under the temperature-compensating mode based on microprocessor
Compensated crystal oscillator structure chart is spent, it is a kind of temperature-compensating framework of open loop type.As shown in figure 1, it includes TEMP
Device and modulate circuit 101, microprocessor 102, compensation network 103 and VCXO 104.Temperature T is by TEMP
Device and modulate circuit 101 gather and are nursed one's health and obtained, and are then fed into microprocessor 102 according to temperature in temperature-compensation
Voltmeter is searched, and is compensated magnitude of voltage, then compensates network 103 and offset voltage value is converted into offset voltage, input
It is transfiguration device therein to the voltage-controlled voltage controling end of VCXO 104, when offset voltage change, the electricity of transfiguration device
Capacitance changes to change the purpose that the output frequency of VCXO reaches control frequency therewith.It can be seen that, it is direct
An offset voltage related to temperature is inputted in the voltage-controlled voltage controling end of (to be compensated) VCXO 104 to reach
The purpose of temperature-compensating.Wherein, temperature-compensation voltmeter is that prior collection VCXO 104 is tieed up at different temperatures
Holding frequency stabilization needs the voltage of compensation and builds.Detailed description can be found in " bang rosy clouds, Yang Yu, all new microcomputer benefits of Weihe
Repay crystal oscillator Chinese journal of scientific instrument .2002 (S3):135-136.”
Second is the temperature-compensating based on mixing.Fig. 2 is that the temperature-compensating under the temperature-compensating mode based on mixing is brilliant
Oscillation body device structure chart, it is also a kind of temperature-compensating framework of open loop type.As shown in Fig. 2 the temperature compensating crystal oscillator
Pass throughTemperature sensor 201 and compensation frequency generating circuit 202A quartz oscillator 204 with needing to compensate is produced to produce
The compensation frequency signal of raw deviation frequency absolute value equal symbol conversely, the compensation frequency signal is whole by whole wave circuit 203
Signal after ripple is mixed and exported in frequency mixer 205 with the frequency signal that do not compensate that quartz oscillator 204 is exported,
Obtain after another wave filter 205 expecting again obtaining have been compensated for after frequency signal, so as to reach the purpose of temperature-compensating.Its
In compensation frequency signal generation circuit mainly be made up of temperature sensor, ADC, single-chip microcomputer, DAC.Detailed description can be joined
See on 03 18th, 2009 Granted publications, the Chinese invention patent that notification number is CN 100471035B：A kind of quartz crystal shakes
Swing device temperature compensation, inventor's Huang aobvious core, Li Minqiang, Fu Wei, Tan Feng, application number/grant number：
CN200410022680.3”.Which is when realizing the high frequency i.e. TCXO of temperature compensating crystal oscillator on phase noise characteristic
It is advantageous, but composition is more complicated, is not widely used also at present.
To sum up, existing crystal oscillator temperature compensation, is all to compensate framework using open loop type, will use temperature
Sensor, the temperature sensor on circuit as far as possible close to crystal resonator, and the resonant chip of crystal resonator be by
Individually it is encapsulated in confined space, it is slow that this allows between temperature sensor and resonant chip inevitably generating temperature
It is stagnant, cause temperature compensating crystal oscillator i.e. TCXO frequency-temperature characteristic to fail to make a breakthrough always.Especially for output
Signal is the crystal oscillator of high frequency, and this temperature hysteresis problem is even more serious, and compensation precision is limited.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of design of crystal oscillator
Method, to avoid temperature hysteresis effect caused by temperature sensor i.e. sensor collecting temperature and the real time temperature of resonant chip not
The output signal spectrum error problem unanimously brought.
For achieving the above object, the digital temperature compensating method of crystal oscillator of the present invention, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
(1) target frequency f, is determined0Corresponding binary coding B0i
In normal temperature T0, at 25 DEG C, adjustment VCXO is the control voltage at the voltage-controlled ends of VCXOMake its defeated
Go out target frequency f0, frequency measurement is then carried out by microprocessor, and by target frequency f0Binary coding B0iPreserve with
Just it is compared and computing；
(2) the corresponding binary codings of current time frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T), are determined
Due to the change of temperature, VCXO is that VCXO output frequency is f (T)=f0± Δ f (T), wherein,
Frequency f (T) is not compensate and need the real-time output frequency of compensation, f0It is the target frequency for expecting VCXO output
Rate, Δ f (T) is the frequency shift (FS) as caused by temperature change, and it is a function, variation with temperature and changed, if output
Frequency is raised, then f (T)=f0+ Δ f (T), if output frequency is reduced, f (T)=f0- Δ f (T), by VCXO
That is the frequency that VCXO is exported in real time is progress frequency measurement in f (T) signal feeding microprocessor and is converted to binary coding
B1i, then by binary coding B1iWith target frequency f0Corresponding binary coding B0iIt is compared, obtains frequency shift (FS) Δ f
(T) corresponding binary coding Δ B1i；
(3) offset voltage V, is determinedC
On the basis of step (2), it is first determined the binary coding corresponding to offset voltage：If real-time output frequency f
(T) ＞ f0, then microprocessor output Bout=B0i-ΔB1i；If real-time output frequency f (T) ＜ f0, then microprocessor output Bout=
B0i+ΔB1i, microprocessor is then exported by B by digital analog converteroutBe converted to corresponding offset voltage
(4), conditioning compensation
The offset voltage that step (3) is producedAfter signal conditioning circuit, voltage-controlled crystal (oscillator) is sent to
Oscillator is VCXO voltage-controlled voltage input end, finally obtains and it is expected that what is obtained has been compensated for frequency f ' (T) i.e. target frequency f0；
(5), repeat step (2)-(4) can be obtained by frequency f ' (T) signal that compensation is obtained at another temperature, successively class
Push away, it is possible to realize the real-time temperature compensation to high frequency VCXO.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this.
The digital temperature compensating method of crystal oscillator of the present invention compensates framework using closed loop feedback.First, target is determined
Frequency f0Corresponding binary coding B0i, and it is stored in microprocessor；When temperature change is, output frequency of the microprocessor to VCXO
Carry out measurement generation binary coding B in real time1i, and binary coding corresponding with target frequency is compared, and obtains required benefit
Repay the binary coding of information；It is converted into the voltage-controlled adjustable side that offset voltage is input to VCXO, making finally by digital analog converter
It exports target frequency, realizes temperature-compensating.
It is of the invention compared with the digital temperature compensating method of existing crystal oscillator, with following technological merit：
1) temperature sensor, is not needed, but is directly converted to the frequency departure related in real time to temperature therewith into one
One corresponding relation binary coding, and corresponding offset voltage progress temperature-compensating is converted into, this method can overcome existing
Have in temperature compensating crystal oscillator i.e. TCXO due to temperature in use sensor and crystal resonator temperature change is asynchronous causes
Temperature hysteresis problem；
2), present invention employs closed loop compensation framework, it is easier to realizes that real-time high-precision is compensated；
3), compensation process of the present invention is simple, it is not necessary to which the temperature compensating crystal oscillator of image space method needs first frequency acquisition
Data of temperature and offset voltage, but the compensated information of needs is directly converted into offset voltage, structure of the present invention also compared with
To be simple, it is easy to integrated and batch production；
4), the present invention can be mended with the well suited crystal oscillator in various frequencies especially for using prior art
The poor high frequency crystal oscillator of effect is repaid, its compensation effect is also preferable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the temperature compensating crystal oscillator structure figure under the existing temperature-compensating mode based on microprocessor；
Fig. 2 is the temperature compensating crystal oscillator structure figure under the existing temperature-compensating mode based on mixing；
Fig. 3 is digital temperature compensating method one kind specific implementation flow chart of crystal oscillator of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the hardware principle block diagram built according to the inventive method.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to those skilled in the art preferably
Understand the present invention.Requiring particular attention is that, in the following description, when known function and design detailed description perhaps
When can desalinate the main contents of the present invention, these descriptions will be ignored herein.
Fig. 3 is digital temperature compensating method one kind specific implementation flow chart of crystal oscillator of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the digital temperature compensating method of crystal oscillator of the present invention includes following step
Suddenly：
Step S1：Determine target frequency f0Corresponding binary coding B0i
In normal temperature T0, at 25 DEG C, adjustment VCXO is the control voltage at the voltage-controlled ends of VCXOMake its defeated
Go out target frequency f0, frequency measurement is then carried out by microprocessor, and by target frequency f0Binary coding B0iPreserve with
Just it is compared and computing；
Step S2：Determine the corresponding binary codings of current time frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T)
Due to the change of temperature, current time VCXO is that VCXO output frequency is f (T)=f0±Δf
(T), wherein, frequency f (T) be do not compensate and need compensation real-time output frequency, f0It is to expect VCXO output
Target frequency, Δ f (T) is the frequency shift (FS) as caused by temperature change, and it is a function, variation with temperature and changed；
By VCXO is the frequencies that export in real time of VCXO to carry out frequency measurement simultaneously in f (T) signal feeding microprocessor
Be converted to binary coding B1i, then by binary coding B1iWith target frequency f0Corresponding binary coding B0iIt is compared,
Obtain the corresponding binary coding Δ B of frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T)1i；
Step S3：Determine offset voltage VC
On the basis of step S2, it is first determined the binary coding corresponding to offset voltage：If real-time output frequency f
(T) ＞ f0, then microprocessor output Bout=B0i-ΔB1i；If real-time output frequency f (T) ＜ f0, then microprocessor output Bout=
B0i+ΔB1i, then by digital analog converter by BoutBe converted to corresponding offset voltageWherein, if in real time
Output frequency f (T) ＜ f0, then offset voltageIf real-time output frequency f (T) ＞ f0, then offset voltageΔ V (T) is the corresponding voltages of frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T)；
Step S4：Conditioning compensation
The offset voltage that step S3 is producedAfter signal conditioning circuit, voltage-controlled crystal (oscillator) vibration is sent to
Device is VCXO voltage-controlled voltage input end, finally obtains and it is expected that what is obtained has been compensated for frequency f ' (T) i.e. target frequency f0；
Step S5：Repeat step S2-S4 can be obtained by frequency f ' (T) signal that compensation is obtained at another temperature, successively
Analogize, it is possible to realize the real-time temperature compensation to high frequency VCXO.
In the present embodiment, according to the hardware principle block diagram set up according to the inventive method as shown in figure 4, it includes：Pressure
It is VCXO 301, power splitter 302, microprocessor 303, digital analog converter 304, signal conditioning circuit 305 to control crystal oscillator.Pressure
It is that VCXO 301 is mainly made up of quartz resonator, varactor and oscillating circuit to control crystal oscillator, and its operation principle is
Change the electric capacity of varactor by control voltage, so that the frequency of " traction " quartz resonator, to reach frequency modulation(PFM)
Purpose；Power splitter 302 is that the i.e. VCXO 301 of VCXO output signal is divided into two-way, wherein normal defeated all the way
Go out, another road is inputted to microprocessor 303；Microprocessor 303 carries out frequency measurement and to frequency pair to the signal of input signal
The binary coding answered is compared and calculated, and obtains output binary coding Bout；Digital analog converter 304 is by binary system BoutTurn
It is changed to offset voltage VC, the voltage-controlled voltage control for being input to VCXO 301 is adjusted by signal conditioning circuit 305
End processed is compensated.
Although illustrative embodiment of the invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art
Personnel understand the present invention, it should be apparent that the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment, to the common skill of the art
For art personnel, as long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claim is limited and is determined, these
Change is it will be apparent that all utilize the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the row of protection.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of digital temperature compensating method of crystal oscillator, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) target frequency f, is determined0Corresponding binary coding B0i
In normal temperature T0, at 25 DEG C, adjustment VCXO is the control voltage at the voltage-controlled ends of VCXOIt is set to export target
Frequency f0, frequency measurement is then carried out by microprocessor, and by target frequency f0Binary coding B0iPreserve to carry out
Compare and computing；
(2) the corresponding binary codings of current time frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T), are determined
Due to the change of temperature, VCXO is that VCXO output frequency is f (T)=f0± Δ f (T), wherein, frequency f
(T) it is not compensate and need the real-time output frequency of compensation, f0It is the target frequency for expecting VCXO output, Δ f
(T) it is the frequency shift (FS) as caused by temperature change, it is a function, variation with temperature and changed, if output frequency liter
Height, then f (T)=f0+ Δ f (T), if output frequency is reduced, f (T)=f0- Δ f (T), is VCXO by VCXO
The frequency exported in real time is progress frequency measurement in f (T) signal feeding microprocessor and is converted to binary coding B1i, then
By binary coding B1iWith target frequency f0Corresponding binary coding B0iIt is compared, obtains frequency shift (FS) Δ f (T) corresponding
Binary coding Δ B1i；
(3) offset voltage V, is determinedC
On the basis of step (2), it is first determined the binary coding corresponding to offset voltage：If real-time output frequency f (T) ＞
f0, then microprocessor output Bout=B0i-ΔB1i；If real-time output frequency f (T) ＜ f0, then microprocessor output Bout=B0i+Δ
B1i, microprocessor is then exported by B by digital analog converteroutBe converted to corresponding offset voltage
(4), conditioning compensation
The offset voltage that step (3) is producedAfter signal conditioning circuit, voltage-controlled crystal (oscillator) vibration is sent to
Device is VCXO voltage-controlled voltage input end, finally obtains and it is expected that what is obtained has been compensated for frequency f ' (T) i.e. target frequency f0；
(5), repeat step (2)-(4) can be obtained by frequency f ' (T) signal that compensation is obtained at another temperature, the like,
The real-time temperature compensation to high frequency VCXO can just be realized.
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| CN109921760A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-21 | 广东合微集成电路技术有限公司 | The temperature-compensation method and device of MEMS resonator, MEMS oscillator |
| CN110034757A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-07-19 | 意法半导体(格勒诺布尔2)公司 | The control of frequency of quartz tuning array |
| CN110829999A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-21 | 成都天奥电子股份有限公司 | Active digital crystal oscillator anti-vibration compensation device and method |
| CN110868211A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-06 | 电子科技大学 | Crystal oscillator vibration-proof compensation device and method based on binary coding |
| CN111010089A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Anti-vibration crystal oscillator |
| CN111669126A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-09-15 | 成都恒晶科技有限公司 | Test method for improving stability of temperature compensation crystal oscillator |
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