CN107272065A - The disconnected solution profile testing method of carbonate rock - Google Patents
The disconnected solution profile testing method of carbonate rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN107272065A CN107272065A CN201710661859.0A CN201710661859A CN107272065A CN 107272065 A CN107272065 A CN 107272065A CN 201710661859 A CN201710661859 A CN 201710661859A CN 107272065 A CN107272065 A CN 107272065A
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- structure tensor
- solution
- carbonate rock
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
- G01V1/302—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures in 3D data cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/64—Geostructures, e.g. in 3D data cubes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of disconnected solution profile testing method of carbonate rock, including：Based on 3-d seismic data set, build gradient-structure tensor and calculate the characteristic value of gradient-structure tensor；The smoothing parameter of the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor is determined according to the feature of actual disconnected solution, and utilizes the characteristic value of the smooth gradient-structure tensor of the smoothing parameter；And characteristic value described in calibration curve when utilizing the Horizontal Well Drilling in the region related to the disconnected solution of the carbonate rock, so as to obtain the profile of the disconnected solution of carbonate rock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to carbonate rock fractured cave type reservoir prediction field, more particularly to a kind of disconnected solution profile of carbonate rock
Detection method.
Background technology
Disconnected solution is a kind of distinctive Trap Typesof of carbonate rock, and it is defined as：Influenceed by tectonic compression of many phases time,
The local brittle limestone crushed zone developed along deep fracture zone, many phase karst waters oozed along under fracture or local hydrothermal solution on gush cause broken
With seam_cavern type formed by interior generation corrosion, blocked in the closure of the cap rocks such as overlying marl, mud stone and lateral compact limestone
Under, a kind of irregular disconnected control karst Trap Typesof of formation, referred to as disconnected solution trap.The disconnected solution detection skill of existing carbonate rock
Art is main based on discontinuity detecting technique attribute, wherein following the trail of fracture detection technique as representative using fine coherent technique and ant body
Technology application effect it is preferable.
The fine relevant fracture detection technique of coherent algorithm is based on by relevant, the second generation of the first generation based on cross-correlation calculation
Calculate similar of the slant stack of similitude and the third generation is developed into based on the discontinuous of the intrinsic structure of data covariance matrix
The structural analysis technique of detection.3D data volume is computed being converted into phase relation by fine coherent body technique using multiple tracks similitude
Number data volume, similitude (the relatively low point of coherent value and the back wave ripple of local earthquake's waveform are compared by fine Coherent processing
Shape discontinuity is related preferably), more intuitively can identify and be broken, crack, sedimentary facies, variation of lithological, even fluid
The relevant geological phenomenons such as change.Multichannel seismic data can be constituted association side by fine coherent technique as newest coherent algorithm
Poor matrix, the correlation between many track datas is tried to achieve using multiple tracks feature decomposition technology.Its calculation features is to be based on 3-D seismics
Data volume coherent calculation, high resolution is a kind of coherent algorithm with angle+azimuthal.Make dropping cut slice in coherent data volumes
The geological phenomenons such as tomography, lithologic body edge, unconformity can be disclosed on figure, are provided favorably to solve the specific question in oil and gas development
Foundation.
The basis that ant body follows the trail of fracture detection technique is a kind of Stochastic Optimization Algorithms.The algorithm have Distributed Calculation,
It is easy to also show flexibility and the robustness of height under dynamic environment the advantages of other methods are combined, flexibility is strong,
Gradually promote at present and extend to the fields such as Filled function.The algorithm is to simulate the foraging behavior of true ant colony in nature and produce
A kind of raw novel bionic class optimized algorithm, the algorithm mainly reaches optimizing by the information transmission between human oasis exploited intelligent group
Purpose, is a kind of positive feedback mechanism (i.e. ant is always partial to select the dense path of pheromones), by information content constantly more
Newly reach the final purpose for converging on optimal path.Research shows, ant algorithm have MPP, self study,
The advantage of self-organizing, adaptivity and highly versatile.For solving combinatorial optimization problem and complex nonlinear dynamic problem side
Face, with very strong interpretability.
Ant tracer technique and fine coherent technique have identical purpose, and its abnormal belt and coherent technique are to fracture belt
The overall corresponding relation in reflection fracture abnormal belt position preferably, is mainly distributed on the edge of relevant band, to fracture position and scope
Portray more accurate.But it is higher to the quality requirements of seismic data, detection well can be obtained by the data of high-quality and imitated
Really, it is higher than fine relevant precision to the meticulous depiction of tiny fracture, but larger tomography profile is portrayed not as fine
It is relevant.
The disconnected solution detection technique of existing carbonate rock there is problems：Early stage is broken the attribute abnormal of detection technique
The border of the disconnected solution of major embodiment and basement rock, based on line feature, but the disconnected solution of carbonate rock has the broken of one fixed width
Band, analysis is bored according to many saliva horizontal wells of system in Tahe Oilfield in fact, and it is developed width and can reach more than 100m--1000m, therefore early stage is examined
Survey result and the concept of " body " in disconnected solution greatly differs from each other；Fine coherent technique follows the trail of fracture detection technique by three-dimensional with ant body
The influence of geological data lineups is serious, and the strong interval attribute abnormal of lineups energy becomes apparent, and does not meet Ordovician system fracture
Law of development, can not spatially embody the feature of disconnected solution；In addition, because attribute detection form and actual geologic body difference compared with
Greatly, property value does not have demarcation property.
The content of the invention
In view of the above problems, it is proposed that the present invention so as to provide one kind overcome above mentioned problem or at least in part solve on
State the disconnected solution profile testing method of carbonate rock of problem.
The invention provides a kind of disconnected solution profile testing method of carbonate rock, including：
Based on 3-d seismic data set, build gradient-structure tensor and calculate the characteristic value of gradient-structure tensor；
The smoothing parameter of the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor is determined according to the feature of actual disconnected solution, and described in
The characteristic value of the smooth gradient-structure tensor of smoothing parameter；And
Using the related region of solution of breaking to the carbonate rock Horizontal Well Drilling when characteristic value described in calibration curve so that
Obtain the profile of the disconnected solution of carbonate rock.
Alternatively, determine that the smoothing parameter of the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor enters one according to the feature of actual disconnected solution
Step includes：The characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor is determined according to the manual interpretation achievement at the most significantly disconnected solution position of feature
Smoothing parameter.
Alternatively, further comprised using calibration curve characteristic value during the Horizontal Well Drilling with the disconnected solution relative region：
For fracture horizontal broken scope, characteristic value is demarcated using the drilling time curve of sidetrack horizontal well.
Alternatively, based on 3-d seismic data set, build gradient-structure tensor and calculate the characteristic value of gradient-structure tensor
Further comprise：
Line based on 3-D seismics voxel, road position and two-way travel time direction, calculate the every of 3-d seismic data set
The gradient vector of a bit；
By the gradient vector, the gradient-structure tensor is built；And
Calculate the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor.
Alternatively, the gradient vector for calculating the every bit of 3-d seismic data set further comprises：Using Gaussian window to institute
Gradient vector is stated to carry out smoothly.
Alternatively, also include before the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor is calculated：Using Gaussian window to constructed
Each composition of gradient-structure tensor is carried out smoothly, to obtain average gradient-structure tensor.
Alternatively, the high-value sector reaction level lineups of a characteristic value in the characteristic value；In the characteristic value
Another characteristic value react mixed and disorderly reflectance signature.
The disconnected solution profile testing method of carbonate rock and fine coherent technique, ant body that the present invention is provided follow the trail of fracture inspection
Survey technology is compared, and testing result is solid, is consistent with disconnected solution geological form, property value can be demarcated, and border is with a high credibility.And
And horizontal signal to noise ratio is high, vertical continuity is strong, can spatially embody the contour feature of disconnected solution, such as transversal sectional, vertical
To the otherness of Growth Depth, disconnected solution geological research and oil reservoir Efficient Development for system in Tahe Oilfield and similar background oil field are provided
Technical support.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the flow for the disconnected solution space profiles detection method of carbonate rock that one embodiment of the invention is provided
Figure；
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 c show the vertical Tuo Futai areas TP12CX fracture earthquakes of system in Tahe Oilfield and attribute profile；
Fig. 3 shows that the drilling time curve of the typical well in system in Tahe Oilfield work area and the demarcation of gradient-structure tensor attribute corresponding relation are shown
It is intended to.
Embodiment
To be fully understood by the purpose, feature and effect of the present invention, by following specific embodiments, the present invention is done in detail
Describe in detail bright, but the present invention is not restricted to this.
The problem of present invention exists for the disconnected solution contour detecting of existing carbonate rock, it is proposed that a kind of carbonate rock breaks molten
Body profile testing method.The present invention is innovatively proposed using the disconnected solution of gradient-structure tensor detection of attribute carbonate rock, root
Calculating parameter is determined according to the scale feature of disconnected solution, codomain demarcation, the final space for determining disconnected solution are carried out with reference to real data of boring
Profile.The method that the present invention is provided can spatially embody the contour feature of disconnected solution, and such as transversal sectional, longitudinal direction development are deep
The otherness of degree, disconnected solution geological research and oil reservoir Efficient Development for system in Tahe Oilfield and similar background oil field provide technology branch
Support.
The exemplary embodiment of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the disclosure in accompanying drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here
Limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
Complete conveys to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart for the carbonate rock fractured cave locus Forecasting Methodology that one embodiment of the invention is provided.
As shown in figure 1, method comprises the following steps：
Step S110, based on 3-d seismic data set, builds gradient-structure tensor and calculates the feature of gradient-structure tensor
Value.
Based on 3-d seismic data set, build gradient-structure tensor and calculate the characteristic value of gradient-structure tensor and further wrap
Include：
Line based on 3-D seismics voxel, road position and two-way travel time direction, calculate the every of 3-d seismic data set
The gradient vector of a bit.
Specifically, by x of the line of 3-D seismics voxel, road position be y, two-way travel time direction be z calculate dimensionally
Shake the gradient vector of the every bit of data volume.Calculation formula is as follows：
The gradient vector for calculating the every bit of 3-d seismic data set may further include：Using Gaussian window to above-mentioned ladder
Vector is spent to carry out smoothly.Specific formula is as follows：
Wherein, G is gaussian kernel function, and g is amplitude gradient fields, g1、g2、g3Respectively along the directional derivative in x, y, z direction.
By above-mentioned gradient vector, structure draws gradient-structure tensor T, and calculation formula is as follows：
Calculate said structure tensor T characteristic value.Specific formula for calculation is as follows：
| Tv- λ v |=0
Wherein λ and ν are characteristic value and characteristic vector respectively.Because matrix T is real symmetric matrix, so meeting three features
Value λ1≥λ2≥λ3>0.From the property of real symmetric matrix, three characteristic vector v1,v2,v3Pairwise orthogonal.
There are a variety of methods for the application of characteristic value, based on combination application, such as Randen and Bakker is constructed respectively
" chaos " and " anisotropic parameters ", but its carving effect to the solution that breaks is undesirable.The above-mentioned high level of λ 1 is found by analysis
The abnormal horizontal lineups of key reaction, are energy variation position the most violent；The mixed and disorderly reflectance signature of the major embodiments of λ 2, coincide disconnected molten
The profile features of body.
It can also include before computationally stating the characteristic value of gradient-structure tensor：Using Gaussian window to constructed gradient
Each composition of structure tensor is carried out smoothly, to obtain average gradient-structure tensor.Average gradient-structure tensor can be with
It can be suppressed for characterizing the textural characteristics in certain area, and by asking for average gradient-structure tensor because noise causes
Structure tensor mutation.The formula for asking for average gradient-structure tensor is as follows：
Step S120, the smoothing parameter of the characteristic value of gradient-structure tensor, and profit are determined according to the feature of actual disconnected solution
With the characteristic value of smoothing parameter smooth gradient structure tensor.
Wherein, because the reflectance signature of actual disconnected solution is more mixed and disorderly, signal to noise ratio is relatively low, therefore the data volumes of λ 2 need necessarily
Space smoothing.And solution position manual interpretation achievement of the most significantly being broken according to feature determines smoothing parameter, general closed planar
Window parameter value is small compared with longitudinal window.
Step S130, using the related region of solution of breaking to carbonate rock Horizontal Well Drilling when calibration curve characteristic value, from
And obtain the profile of the disconnected solution of carbonate rock.
Characteristic value can be demarcated according to real drilling data.For fracture horizontal broken scope, sidetracking level is utilized
The drilling time curve demarcation characteristic value of well.Such as using Ordovician system fracture and cave reservoir as the drilling well of target, fracture hole development position is met when boring
When can occur emptying leakage, typically no log, using sidetrack horizontal well drilling time curve demarcation fracture horizontal broken
Scope.The drilling time curve of basement rock is general more steady, when entering broken scope, when showing as low brill, using 10min/m as boundary
Limit, demarcates the threshold value of characteristic value.
The disconnected solution profile testing method of carbonate rock that the present invention is provided preferably can spatially embody disconnected solution
The otherness of contour feature, such as transversal sectional, longitudinal Growth Depth, is the disconnected solution in system in Tahe Oilfield and similar background oil field
Matter research and oil reservoir Efficient Development provide technical support.
By taking the TP12CX main faults of system in Tahe Oilfield Tuo Fu Tai Areas as an example, break solution to the carbonate rock that the present invention is provided
Profile testing method and its effect of field application are further illustrated.
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 c show the vertical Tuo Futai areas TP12CX fracture earthquakes of three groups of system in Tahe Oilfield and attribute profile.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2 a, breaking feature is broken on original reverse-time migration section obvious.Gradient knot is carried out when protecting width data volume based on earthquake
After structure tensor is asked for, result is obtained as shown in Figure 2 b.It can be seen that overall abnormal ranges and crushed zone scope are basic by Fig. 2 b
Unanimously, but interior details differ greatly.After being handled by space smoothing, result is obtained as shown in Figure 2 c, its effect and section are different
Chang Gengjia coincide.
Fig. 3 shows that the drilling time curve of the typical well in system in Tahe Oilfield work area and the demarcation of gradient-structure tensor attribute corresponding relation are shown
It is intended to.As shown in figure 3, the attribute demarcated by typical water horizontal well TP243CH, TP276H in work area after smoothing processing, due to Austria
Pottery ware drilling well, which is bored, meets emptying leakage missing log after Reservoir Body, therefore is demarcated using drilling time curve, using 10min/m as boundary
The property value that limit delimited in the range of crushed zone is more than 15.
In summary, the carbonate rock that the present invention is provided breaks solution profile testing method testing result for solid, with breaking
Solution geological form is consistent, and property value can be demarcated, and border is with a high credibility.And horizontal signal to noise ratio height, vertical continuity by force, can
The contour feature of disconnected solution is spatially embodied, such as transversal sectional, the otherness of longitudinal Growth Depth, are system in Tahe Oilfield and phase
Technical support is provided like the disconnected solution geological research and oil reservoir Efficient Development in background oil field.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that detailed herein have shown and described multiple showing for the present invention
Example property embodiment, still, still can be directly true according to disclosure of invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Determine or derive many other variations or modifications for meeting the principle of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is it should be understood that and recognize
It is set to and covers other all these variations or modifications.
Although implementing to operate in addition, describing the present invention in the accompanying drawings with particular order, this is not required that or secretly
These operations must be performed according to the particular order by showing, or the operation having to carry out shown in whole could realize desired knot
Really.Some steps can be omitted, multiple steps are merged into a step execution, or a step is divided into multiple steps and are held
OK.
The method and specific implementation method to the present invention are described in detail above, and give corresponding implementation
Example.Certainly, in addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment, all use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
Into technical scheme, all fall within invention which is intended to be protected.
Claims (7)
- The solution profile testing method 1. a kind of carbonate rock breaks, it is characterised in that including：Based on 3-d seismic data set, build gradient-structure tensor and calculate the characteristic value of gradient-structure tensor；The smoothing parameter of the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor is determined according to the feature of actual disconnected solution, and utilizes described smooth The characteristic value of gradient-structure tensor described in parameter smoothing；AndUsing the related region of solution of breaking to the carbonate rock Horizontal Well Drilling when characteristic value described in calibration curve, so as to obtain The profile of the disconnected solution of carbonate rock.
- 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the gradient-structure is determined according to the feature of actual disconnected solution The smoothing parameter of the characteristic value of tensor further comprises：Determined according to the manual interpretation achievement at the most significantly disconnected solution position of feature The smoothing parameter of the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor.
- 3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that utilize the horizontal well with the disconnected solution relative region Drilling time curve demarcation characteristic value further comprises：For fracture horizontal broken scope, the drilling time curve mark of sidetrack horizontal well is utilized Determine characteristic value.
- 4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that based on 3-d seismic data set, builds gradient-structure The characteristic value measured and calculate gradient-structure tensor further comprises：Line based on 3-D seismics voxel, road position and two-way travel time direction, calculate the every bit of 3-d seismic data set Gradient vector；By the gradient vector, the gradient-structure tensor is built；AndCalculate the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor.
- 5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that calculate the gradient vector of the every bit of 3-d seismic data set Further comprise：The gradient vector is carried out using Gaussian window smooth.
- 6. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that before the characteristic value of the gradient-structure tensor is calculated also Including：Each composition of constructed gradient-structure tensor is carried out smoothly, to obtain average gradient knot using Gaussian window Structure tensor.
- 7. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the high level of a characteristic value in the characteristic value is different The horizontal lineups of paradoxical reaction；Another characteristic value in the characteristic value reacts mixed and disorderly reflectance signature.
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| CN108919355A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-11-30 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Higher-dimension S-transformation method based on structure tensor guiding |
| CN110007344A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of seismic identification and device of disconnected solution reservoir communication |
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| CN110308487A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-10-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of disconnected solution type oil reservoir quantitatively characterizing method |
| CN108919355A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-11-30 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Higher-dimension S-transformation method based on structure tensor guiding |
| CN110858001A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-03-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Analytical method for deep carbonate rock slip fracture zone |
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| CN110007344A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of seismic identification and device of disconnected solution reservoir communication |
| CN111796323A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for judging sliding fracture boundary and main section |
| CN112731527A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Multi-attribute research-based method and device for enhancing characteristics of broken solution |
| CN111290021A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-16 | 北京奥能恒业能源技术有限公司 | Carbonate rock fracture-cave enhanced identification method based on gradient structure tensor spectrum decomposition |
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Application publication date: 20171020 |