CN107271008B - Measuring assembly and method for operating a measuring assembly - Google Patents
Measuring assembly and method for operating a measuring assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN107271008B CN107271008B CN201710208438.2A CN201710208438A CN107271008B CN 107271008 B CN107271008 B CN 107271008B CN 201710208438 A CN201710208438 A CN 201710208438A CN 107271008 B CN107271008 B CN 107271008B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G7/00—Weighing apparatus wherein the balancing is effected by magnetic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic action, or by means not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G7/02—Weighing apparatus wherein the balancing is effected by magnetic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic action, or by means not provided for in the preceding groups by electromagnetic action
- G01G7/04—Weighing apparatus wherein the balancing is effected by magnetic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic action, or by means not provided for in the preceding groups by electromagnetic action with means for regulating the current to solenoids
- G01G7/045—Weighing apparatus wherein the balancing is effected by magnetic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic action, or by means not provided for in the preceding groups by electromagnetic action with means for regulating the current to solenoids having a PID control system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G7/00—Weighing apparatus wherein the balancing is effected by magnetic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic action, or by means not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G7/02—Weighing apparatus wherein the balancing is effected by magnetic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic action, or by means not provided for in the preceding groups by electromagnetic action
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/04—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring elastic deformation of gauges, e.g. of springs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/12—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in the magnetic properties of materials resulting from the application of stress
- G01L1/122—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in the magnetic properties of materials resulting from the application of stress by using permanent magnets
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring assembly for determining a force action directed at a measuring body (2;42;62;82), comprising a measuring body (2;42;62;82) having a first magnet assembly (10;50;70;90) associated therewith and a measuring receiver (8;28;68) having a second magnet assembly (11) associated therewith, which magnet assemblies are designed for a contactless force-coupled mutual magnetic interaction between the measuring body (2;42;62;82) and the measuring receiver (8;28; 68). According to the invention, one of the magnet assemblies (10,11;50;70;90) comprises a superconductor and the other of the magnet assemblies (10,11;50;70;90) comprises a permanent magnet, wherein a sensor device (15,16;35,36;75,76) for determining a physical variable for force coupling between the measuring body (2;42;62;82) and the measuring receiver (8;28;68) is associated with the measuring receiver (8;28;68), and wherein an evaluation device (18) for processing a sensor signal provided by the sensor device (15,16;35,36;75,76) is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring assembly for determining a force action directed at a measuring body, having a measuring body to which a first measuring assembly is assigned and having a measuring receiver to which a second measuring assembly is assigned, wherein the two magnet assemblies are designed for mutual magnetic interaction in order to design a contactless force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver for providing a levitation gap between the measuring body and the measuring receiver. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a measuring assembly.
Background
Document DE 102009009204B 3 discloses a method and a device for the suspension adjustment of a suspension for use in the case of a magnetic suspension scale. The suspension includes a magnetic element and a position sensor. The electromagnet is manipulated such that it exerts a force directed towards the magnetic element. During the correction process, the electromagnets are actuated such that the suspension assumes at least two positions, at which the suspension respectively rests against further portions, the positions of which are known. The position measurement values provided by the sensors at the two positions are determined as correction values. During operation, the electromagnet is actuated such that the suspension assumes the suspension position.
In this case, an absolute position value is determined from the correction value.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to specify a measuring arrangement in which a contactless force coupling can be established and cancelled again in a simple manner, and a method for operating a measuring arrangement.
This object is achieved according to an embodiment of the invention for a measuring arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset. It is provided here that one of the magnet assemblies comprises a superconductor and the other of the magnet assemblies comprises a permanent magnet, wherein a sensor device for determining a physical variable for the force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver is associated with the measuring receiver, and wherein an evaluation device for processing a sensor signal provided by the sensor device is provided.
A reliable and self-adjusting force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver can be achieved by the use of a superconductor or an arrangement of a superconductor and a permanent magnet for at least one of the two magnet assemblies or an arrangement of a permanent magnet for the other of the two magnet assemblies. This contactless force coupling is based on the "Pinning" effect, which, in the case of type II superconductors, can be caused by the application of an external magnetic field during cooling from a temperature above the material-specific transition temperature of the superconductor to a temperature below the material-specific transition temperature of the superconductor. In the superconducting material, a so-called flux channel (flusschlauch) is thus formed, which is based on the loss-free eddy currents present in the superconducting material. Due to "Pinning" (i.e. the positionally fixed arrangement of the flux tube in the superconductor material), the flux tube generates a force reaction in the event of a change in the externally applied magnetic field toward the source of the external magnetic field, which can be provided in particular by the at least one permanent magnet. In the case of the use of a type II superconductor for one of the magnet assemblies and in the case of the use of at least one permanent magnet for the other of the magnet assemblies, therefore, for temperatures which are continuously below the material-specific transition temperature of the superconductor, a non-contact force coupling of the two magnet assemblies can be caused, without complicated control algorithms and/or means for influencing the magnetic interaction between the two magnet assemblies being necessary for this.
The purpose of the measuring receiver is to determine at least one physical variable for the force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver and to make the sensor signal available to the processing device. In the processing device, information, in particular measured values, relating to the forces acting on the measuring body are determined from the arriving sensor signals. These forces can be, in particular, static forces, such as gravity and tensile and/or pressure forces, and/or dynamic forces, such as flow forces of a fluid circulating the measuring body.
Advantageously, the first magnet assembly comprises at least one permanent magnet, in particular a permanent magnet assembly, and the second magnet assembly is designed as a superconductor. An advantageous mounting for the measuring assembly is obtained by such an association of the at least one permanent magnet with respect to the first magnet assembly and the at least one superconductor with respect to the second magnet assembly. In this way, one or more measuring bodies, which respectively comprise only one or more permanent magnets, can be brought into a relationship with respect to the measuring receiver in a cost-effective manner. The measuring receiver can have a complex structure in contrast to the measuring body, since it can be used for the preferably continuous determination of the force of a plurality of measuring bodies. The at least one permanent magnet may be configured, for example, as a solid body shaped from an amorphous substance or as a magnet layer. Yttrium barium copper oxide is considered as an example of a material for superconductors.
Preferably, it is provided that the measuring receiver comprises a cooling device and the superconductor is accommodated in an insulating container thermally coupled to the cooling device. By means of such an arrangement of the superconductor, the measuring assembly can also be operated in the case of climatic conditions of the remaining space, for example in the case of an ambient temperature of 20 degrees celsius. Preferably, the insulating container is constructed in such a way that low temperatures (in particular less than 80 kelvin) present in its interior do not emerge at its outer surface. This prevents frost formation, which is precipitated by moisture, in particular at the surface of the insulating container. Illustratively, the insulating container is a vacuum container in which the superconductor is accommodated. The cooling device serves to cool the superconductor from a temperature above its material-specific transition temperature until the temperature achieved is maintained continuously at a temperature below its material-specific transition temperature. For this purpose, the cooling device is designed in particular as an electrically driven stirling engine and allows the desired heating of the superconductor below its transition temperature in the case of a continuous supply of electrical energy. It is preferably provided that the cooling finger (Kuehlfinger) of the cooling device is in thermal coupling with the superconductor accommodated in the insulating container and can also be used for its mechanical fixation in the insulating container.
In an advantageous further development of the invention, it is provided that the measuring receiver comprises an adjustment device for a definable influence of the magnetic interaction between the two magnet assemblies, an adjustable suppression means for suppressing the magnetic flux and/or an enhancement means for enhancing the magnetic flux and/or a magnet means for providing additional magnetic flux. Such an adjustment device is advantageous in particular if a constant levitation gap is to be provided between the measuring body and the measuring receiver. In principle, in the case of this measuring arrangement, the measuring body is acted upon by a varying force, which also causes a change in the gap width of the levitation gap between the measuring body and the measuring receiver. It may be provided, for example, that a constant gap width for the levitation gap is to be maintained at all times in order to ensure a reliable determination of the force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver. This can be ensured by influencing the magnetic interaction between the two magnet assemblies, for example by changing the suppression of the magnetic interaction and/or by changing the field line concentration formed between the two magnet assemblies and/or by providing additional magnetic flux, in particular by using one or more electrically operable magnetic coils arranged in or in the vicinity of the levitation gap.
In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the sensor device is configured as a force measuring unit, in particular as a weighing unit, which includes a deformation body, the deformation of which is converted into a sensor signal by the deformation sensor. It is provided, for example, that the measuring assembly is placed on a suitable base, for example a measuring table, and that the determination of the force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver is carried out as a function of the force exerted by the measuring assembly on the base. For this purpose, for example, a force-measuring unit which is placed separately on the base is arranged at the bottom side of the measuring assembly facing the base, so that all forces which should be transmitted by the measuring assembly onto the base are transmitted only via the force-measuring unit. For the determination of the force coupling, the force measuring unit, which may be a weighing cell in particular, has a deformation body which has precisely known deformation properties and is deformed as a function of the transmitted force according to a definable relationship. The deformation is determined by means of a deformation sensor, which is, for example, a component of a strain gauge (dehnnungsstrieffen) or an optical sensor for detecting a deformation of a deformation body. In the case of force measuring units, the principle is based on the fact that the starting signal is proportional to the force transmitted via the force measuring unit. In the case of a weighing cell, the principle is based on the fact that the starting signal is proportional to the weight.
The sensor device is expediently designed to detect at least one physical property in the levitation gap and/or in the immediate vicinity of the levitation gap, namely magnetic flux density, magnetic field strength, capacitance, wave propagation time, interference. The determination of the force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring assembly directly in the levitation gap or in its immediate surroundings is achieved with such a sensor device, which is advantageous in particular for measuring processes in which high demands are placed on the dynamics of the measurement results, for example in the case of rapidly changing values for the force coupling. Only the inertia of the measuring body is included in such a measurement, while the inertia of the measuring assembly plays no or a secondary role here. In addition or alternatively, it can be provided that a plurality of sensor devices are provided, wherein at least one sensor device for determining a physical property in the levitation gap or in the immediate surroundings thereof is formed, wherein a second sensor device is arranged as a force measuring or weighing unit between the measuring assembly and the base and is formed with a processing device for processing the sensor signals of the two sensor devices in parallel.
It is preferably provided that the measuring body is accommodated in a space section, in particular a container or a tube section, which is limited by at least one wall, and that the wall is arranged in the suspension slot. In the case of such a design of the measuring arrangement, a contamination-free determination of the substance of the measuring body can be carried out, for example, because the isolation of the measuring body by the at least one wall does not hinder the determination of the mass of the measuring body and/or the forces acting on the measuring body. Preferably, the space section is closed in a gas-tight manner, so that the effect of environmental influences on the measuring body can be minimized. Alternatively, it can be provided that the space section is configured as a tube section and is traversed by the fluid, wherein the measuring body is configured for interaction with the flowing fluid and the evaluation of the force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver makes it possible to infer properties of the flowing fluid. Preferably, the wall arranged in the levitation gap is made of a material that has only a very small influence on the magnetic interaction between the two magnet assemblies.
Advantageously, the measuring body comprises an interface, in particular a mounting surface, for mounting the measuring object. The measurement object can be, for example, a sample carrier, in particular a petri dish for chemical or biological experiments, in which the change in weight is to be determined cyclically or at irregular intervals.
In an advantageous further development of the invention, it is provided that the measuring body is designed as a measuring object, in particular as a floating body or flow resistance body for fluid densitometry and/or fluid pressure or fluid densitometry and/or fluid flow rate and/or fluid viscosity measurement. In this case, the force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver serves as a measuring variable for determining the fluid property.
The object of the invention is also achieved by means of a method according to the invention. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of providing a specifiable magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic field of a measuring body in a specifiable distance from the superconductor at the superconductor associated with the measuring receiver, cooling the superconductor to below a material-specific transition temperature, bringing the superconductor close to the measuring body, determining a sensor signal of a sensor device arranged at the measuring receiver for determining a physical variable for force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring receiver, and evaluating the sensor signal provided by the sensor device in an evaluation device and providing a measured value at a measuring interface and/or displaying the determined measured value. Preferably, prior to the determination of the sensor signal, a check of the levitation gap between the measuring receiver and the measuring body for the presence of a specifiable gap width is provided. In this case, the gap width of the levitation gap can optionally be checked by a sensor device which directly determines the distance between the measuring body and the measuring receiver, or the levitation state of the measuring body can be inferred by means of a signal profile of a sensor signal of the sensor device which is associated with the measuring receiver, since only in the case of a levitated measuring body a correct measurement can be carried out.
In an advantageous development of the method, it is provided that the measuring receiver is moved relative to the at least one receptacle, in particular in two spatial directions perpendicular to one another, in order to perform a continuous determination of the force effect on the plurality of measuring bodies accommodated in the receptacle or receptacles. In this way, for example, a plurality of measuring bodies accommodated in a preferably gas-tight container can be brought into a suspended state from the outside in a definable sequence or optionally in succession by means of a measuring receiver in order to determine the force coupling between the respectively suspended measuring body and the measuring receiver and thus to be able to deduce a change at the respective measuring body.
In a further embodiment of the method, it is provided that the processing device additionally processes the first sensor signal of the first sensor device, which is designed as a force-measuring cell, for detecting at least one physical property in the levitation gap, which is the magnetic flux density, the magnetic field strength, the capacitance, the wave propagation time, a second sensor signal of the interfering second sensor device, and performs a correction of the measured value determined from the first sensor signal with the second sensor signal. In this way, the first sensor signal of the first sensor device can be checked by means of the second sensor signal of the second sensor device, in order to check the plausibility of the measured values determined from the first sensor signal, for example.
Drawings
Advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures. Wherein:
fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a measuring assembly with a measuring body, which is accommodated in a closed container and which is in a mutual relationship with respect to a measuring receiver via a contactless force coupling,
fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the measuring arrangement, in which the determination of the force coupling between the measuring body and the measuring arrangement takes place by means of a physical variable in the suspension gap, in particular for pressure determination or seal determination,
fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the measuring arrangement, in which the measuring body is embodied as a flow resistor and the fluid volume flow and/or the fluid viscosity and/or the fluid density is determined,
FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the measuring arrangement in which the measuring body is designed as a flow resistor and the fluid volume flow and/or the fluid viscosity and/or the fluid density are determined, and
fig. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the measuring arrangement, in which the measuring body is embodied as a flow resistor and the fluid volume flow and/or the fluid viscosity and/or the fluid density is determined.
Detailed Description
In the following description of different embodiments of the measuring arrangement, the same reference numerals are used for functionally identical components. The description of these components is accordingly made only once.
The measuring arrangement 1 shown in fig. 1 is designed to determine the force effect on a measuring body 2. The measuring body 2 is, for example, a plate-like arrangement, not shown in any greater detail, of square magnets, in particular arranged according to a Halbach array, so that the measuring body 2, in the case of this embodiment of the measuring arrangement 1, purely by way of example, completely forms the first magnet arrangement 10. The measuring body 2 carries a sample body 4, for example an upwardly open cup-shaped reservoir, in which a not further shown substrate is accommodated, purely by way of example, on a surface 3 serving as an interface. The substrate is provided for example for receiving moisture from a gaseous atmosphere of a space section 5 in which the measuring body 2 and the sample body 4 are received. The space portion 5 is separated in a gas-tight manner from the surroundings 7 by the box-like arrangement of the walls 6, so that the substrate can only accommodate moisture contained in the space portion 5. By means of the measuring assembly 1, the load of the substrate with moisture should be determined, wherein the load is manifested as an increase in the mass of the substrate.
In order to be able to determine the change in the force action on the measuring body 2 purely by way of example here by means of an increase in the mass of the substrate, the measuring arrangement 1 additionally comprises a measuring receiver 8 for the measuring body 2. The measuring receiver 8 is provided, by way of example, as a combination of a type II superconductor forming the second magnet assembly 11, a cooling device 12 configured as a cryostat and a sensor device 16 configured as a force-measuring unit 15, which are accommodated in the insulating container 9. The sensor device 16 is electrically connected to an evaluation device 18 via a sensor line 17. The insulating container 9 is illustratively a gas-tight sealed stainless steel container in the form of a box in which the type II superconductor is accommodated, wherein the insulating container 9 is withdrawn in order to minimize thermal coupling between the type II superconductor and the surrounding environment 7. Furthermore, it can be provided purely by way of example that a magnetic coil arrangement, not shown in detail, is arranged on the surface of the insulating container 9 opposite the cooling device 12, for example in the form of one or more planar coils formed on a printed circuit, not shown in detail, which can be electrically connected to the evaluation device 18 and which make it possible to influence the variable, definable action of the magnetic interaction between the two magnet devices 10 and 11.
In a manner not shown in detail, the cooling device 12 is in thermal communication with the type II superconductor in the insulating container 9 and thus makes it possible to heat the type II superconductor to a temperature below its material-specific transition temperature. The magnetic pressing of the type II superconductor, which is applied from the outside and is "stored" to some extent in the form of a flux tube conductor during the cooling process to below its material-specific transition temperature, can thus be continuously maintained. Preferably, this magnetic pressing of the type II superconductor onto the magnetic field lines of the first magnet assembly 10 is matched in such a way that the first magnet assembly 10 occupies a definable spatial arrangement relative to the measurement receiver 8, as is schematically illustrated in fig. 1. In the case of this spatial arrangement, a levitation gap 19 is provided between the first magnet assembly 10 and the second magnet assembly 11, which results from the magnetic interaction between the two magnet assemblies 10, 11. One of the walls 6 is also arranged in the suspension slot 19, which delimits the space section 5. Preferably, the wall 6 arranged in the levitation gap 19 is made of a material that does not affect the magnetic interaction between the two magnet assemblies 10 and 11 as much as possible.
Since the magnet 2 with the sample body 4 accommodated thereon is suspended above the measuring receiver 8 due to the magnetic interaction between the two magnet assemblies 10 and 11 and the measuring receiver 8 is connected on its side, purely by way of example, at two fixed bearings 20 to a base, not shown in detail, the weight increase of the sample body 4 acts directly on the force-measuring cell 15. It is preferably provided that the force-measuring cell 15 comprises a deformation body, not shown in detail, and a deformation sensor, also not shown. The force measuring unit 15 thus makes it possible to determine the force exerted on the fixed bearing 20 by the measuring body 2, the sample body 4, the insulating container 9 with the type II superconductor contained therein and the cooling device 12. The electrical signal of the deformation sensor is supplied via the sensor line 17 to an evaluation device 18, where a change in the applied weight force can be determined, wherein the change in the weight force can be a measure for the moisture load of the substrate, which is accommodated in the sample body 4 by way of example.
It is provided, for example, that the receptacle 13 formed by the wall 6, which receptacle comprises the space section 5 and the measuring body 2 and the sample body 4, is provided with an unspecified aperture, which makes easy transport of the receptacle 13 possible. For example, it can be provided that the container 13 is selected from a plurality of containers, not shown, and is placed on a bearing block (lagerbeck) 14 with a manipulator, also not shown. Thereby, the measuring body 2 is brought so close to the second magnet assembly 11 that the magnetic interaction between the two magnet assemblies 10,11 becomes strong that the measuring body 2 is levitated together with the sample body 4 placed thereon. Thus, a force coupling between the measuring body 2 and the type II superconductor accommodated in the insulating container 9 is ensured, for which the desired force measurement can be carried out. Subsequently, the container 13 can be lifted off again from the bearing block 14, whereby the measuring body 2 is removed as the first magnet assembly 10 from the region of influence of the second magnet assembly 11 and then rests on the lower wall 6 of the container 13 until it reaches the region of influence of the second magnet assembly 11 again. Alternatively, it can be provided that the receptacle 13 is stationary and the measuring receiver 8 is accordingly brought into the vicinity of the measuring body 2 accommodated in the receptacle by means of a not shown manipulator in order to determine the force coupling and is subsequently removed again.
The second embodiment of the measuring arrangement 21 shown in fig. 2 is a variant of the measuring arrangement 1 shown in fig. 1, in which the sensor device 36 is purely exemplary in design for determining the physical variable of the levitation gap 39 and comprises, for example, two optical distance sensors 35, which are each mounted on the edge side on the insulating container 9. The distance between the measuring body 2 and the measuring receiver 8 can be determined by means of the optical distance sensor 35 and is derived as a measure for the weight gain of the sample body 4. In addition or as an alternative, the sensor device 36 may also comprise one or more magnetic field sensors, preferably hall sensors, in particular 3D hall sensors, by means of which the magnetic field components and/or the magnetic flux density in the levitation gap 39 can be determined. Such determination of the change in the weight force of the sample body 4 is effected jointly by the properties of the two magnet assemblies 10,11, for example by the weight force of the magnet assembly 10, which in the case of a plurality of magnet assemblies 10 is in a certain tolerance band and is therefore particularly suitable for qualitative measuring tasks. It may also be provided, for example, that the sample body 4 is designed as a floating body and is firmly connected to the measuring body 2, so that at least partial filling of the space section 5 with a fluid, in particular a liquid, can be used to determine the density of the fluid by means of the influence on the suspension gap 39.
In the case of the third embodiment of the measuring arrangement 41 shown in fig. 3, the wall 46 of the space section 45 is partially tubular and thus makes possible a purely exemplary fluid flow through the space section 45, indicated by flow arrows. The measuring body 42 is arranged relative to one of the tubular walls 46 in such a way that it acts as a flow resistor and is pressed, depending on the fluid density and the fluid flow, either strongly or weakly in the direction of the second magnet assembly 11, wherein the fluid forces exerted by the flowing fluid on the measuring body 42 counteract the magnetic interaction of the measuring body 42, which is exemplarily configured as a permanent magnet assembly, in particular as a Halbach array, and thus as a first magnet assembly 50, with the second magnet assembly 11. This results in a desired force coupling between the measuring body 42 and the measuring receiver 8, so that the sensor device 16 of the measuring receiver 8 makes it possible to determine the fluid flow through the space section 45 as a result of this force coupling.
In the case of the fourth embodiment of the measuring arrangement 61 shown in fig. 4, the space section 65 is delimited by a tubular wall 66 and can be flowed through by a fluid, which is not further shown, purely by way of example along the indicated flow arrow. In contrast to the embodiments described so far, the sensor devices 76 of the exemplary two measuring receivers 68 are each configured as a tension sensor 75, the tension sensor 75 also being fixed in a positionally fixed manner to the fixed bearing 80, as is the case with the tubular wall 66. The measuring body 62 is of cylindrical design in the longitudinal direction of the tubular wall 66 and comprises a first magnet assembly 70 in a radially outer region, which can be of sleeve-like design, for example, and encloses a cylindrical inner core, not further designated. The measuring body 62 is in magnetic interaction with the second magnet assembly 11 associated with the cooling device 12, wherein the flowing fluid causes a reaction force towards the measuring body 62, which acts in the flow direction and which counteracts the magnetic interaction with the respective second magnet assembly 11. A force reaction is thereby generated via the respectively associated cooling device 12 towards the tension sensor 75, wherein the measured tension is the fluid density and/or the fluid viscosity and/or the fluid flow rate for the fluid flowing through the space section 65.
In the case of the fifth embodiment of the measuring arrangement 81 shown in fig. 5, the space section 85 is delimited by a tubular wall 86 and is flowed through by a fluid, which is not shown in detail, along the indicated flow arrows. The measuring body 82 is configured purely exemplarily in the form of a wedge and is provided at the bottom with a plate-like permanent magnet assembly, in particular a Halbach array, which forms the first magnet assembly 91. The first magnet arrangement 91 interacts magnetically with the second magnet arrangement 11 of the measuring receiver 8, thereby ensuring the positioning of the measuring body 82 in the spatial section 85. Depending on the fluid density and/or the fluid viscosity and/or the fluid flow rate, the measuring body 82 is pressed down more or less strongly in the direction of the measuring receptacle 8 due to its ascending wedge shape in the flow direction, so that via the force coupling between the measuring body 82 and the measuring receptacle 8 the force action on the measuring body 82 can be determined by means of the force measuring unit 15 and thus the fluid flow rate in the space section 85 can be inferred, in particular in the case of known fluid densities and fluid viscosities.
Claims (18)
1. Measuring assembly for determining a force action directed at a measuring body (2;42;62;82), having a measuring body (2;42;62;82) associated with a first magnet assembly (10;50;70;90) and having a measuring receiver (8;28;68) associated with a second magnet assembly (11), wherein the first magnet assembly (10;50;70;90) and the second magnet assembly (11) are designed for a mutual magnetic interaction in order to design a contactless force coupling between the measuring body (2;42;62;82) and the measuring receiver (8;28;68) for providing a suspension gap (19;59;79;99) between the measuring body (2;42;62;82) and the measuring receiver (8;28;68), characterized in that one of the first magnet assembly (10;50;70;90) and the second magnet assembly (11) comprises a superconductor magnet (10) and the first magnet assembly comprises a superconductor magnet assembly (11) 10;50;70;90) and the second magnet assembly (11) comprise a permanent magnet, wherein the measuring receiver (8;28;68) has associated therewith a sensor device (15,16;35,36;75,76) for determining a physical quantity for force coupling between the measuring body (2;42;62;82) and the measuring receiver (8;28;68), and wherein an evaluation device (18) for processing a sensor signal provided by the sensor device (15,16;35,36;75,76) is provided.
2. Measuring assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the first magnet assembly (10;50;70;90) comprises at least one permanent magnet and the second magnet assembly (11) is configured as a superconductor.
3. Measuring assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the measuring receiver (8;28;68) comprises a cooling device (12) and the superconductor is housed in an insulating container thermally coupled to the cooling device (12).
4. Measuring assembly according to claim 1,2 or 3, characterized in that the measuring receiver (8;28;68) comprises an adjusting device for the definable influence of the magnetic interaction between the first magnet assembly (10;50;70;90) and the second magnet assembly (11), which comprises adjustable suppression means for suppressing the magnetic flux and/or enhancement means for enhancing the magnetic flux and/or magnet means for providing additional magnetic flux.
5. Measuring assembly according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sensor device (15,16;35,36;75,76) is configured as a force measuring unit comprising a deformation body, the deformation of which is converted into the sensor signal by a deformation sensor.
6. Measuring assembly according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sensor device (15,16;35,36;75,76) is configured for detecting at least one physical property, namely magnetic flux density, magnetic field strength, capacitance, wave run time, interference, in the levitation gap (19;59;79;99) and/or in the immediate surroundings of the levitation gap (19;59;79; 99).
7. Measuring assembly according to any of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the measuring body (2;42;62;82) is accommodated in a space section (5;45;65;85) limited by at least one wall (6;46;66;86), and that the wall (6;46;66;86) is arranged in the suspension gap (19;59;79; 99).
8. Measuring assembly according to any of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the measuring body (2;42;62;82) comprises an interface for mounting a measuring object.
9. Measuring assembly according to any of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the measuring body (2;42;62;82) is configured as a measuring object for fluid densitometry and/or fluid pressure determination or fluid densitometry and/or fluid flow rate determination and/or fluid viscosity measurement.
10. Measuring assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the first magnet assembly (10;50;70;90) comprises a permanent magnet assembly.
11. The measuring assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that the force measuring unit is a weighing unit.
12. Measuring assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the space section (5;45;65;85) is a container (13) or a tube section.
13. The measurement assembly of claim 8, wherein the interface is a bearing surface.
14. The measurement assembly according to claim 9, wherein the measurement object is a floating body or a flow resistance body.
15. Method for operating a measuring assembly according to one of the preceding claims, with the following steps: a specifiable magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic field of the measuring body (2;42;62;82) in a specifiable distance from the superconductor is supplied to the superconductor associated with the measuring receiver (8;28;68), and cooling the superconductor below a material-specific transition temperature, bringing the superconductor close to the measuring body (2;42;62;82), determining a sensor signal of a sensor device (15,16;35,36;75,76) arranged at the measuring receiver (8;28;68) for determining a physical variable for force coupling between the measuring body (2;42;62;82) and the measuring receiver (8;28;68), and in the evaluation device (18) evaluating the sensor signals provided by the sensor devices (15,16;35,36;75,76) and providing measurement values at the measurement interface and/or displaying the measured measurement values.
16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the measuring receptacle (8;28;68) is moved relative to at least one container in order to carry out a continuous determination of the force action directed towards a plurality of measuring bodies (2;42;62;82) accommodated in one or more containers.
17. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that a processing device is additionally provided for processing a first sensor signal of a first sensor device (15,16;75,76) configured as a force measuring unit, a second sensor signal of a second sensor device (35,36) configured for detecting at least one physical property in the levitation gap (19;59;79;99), namely magnetic flux density, magnetic field strength, capacitance, wave propagation time, interference, and for using the second sensor signal for correcting the measured values determined from the first sensor signal.
18. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the measuring receiver (8;28;68) is moved relative to at least one container in two spatial directions perpendicular to each other.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016205377.9A DE102016205377B3 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Measuring arrangement and method for operating a measuring arrangement |
| DE102016205377.9 | 2016-03-31 |
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| CN107271008A CN107271008A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
| CN107271008B true CN107271008B (en) | 2021-11-09 |
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| DE102018210216B4 (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2020-07-02 | Festo Se & Co. Kg | Weighing device |
| DE102018213857B4 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-07-16 | Festo Se & Co. Kg | Positioning system |
| DE102018213858A1 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-20 | Festo Ag & Co. Kg | tempering |
| FR3089077B1 (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2020-10-30 | Association Pour La Rech Et Le Developpement Des Methodes Et Processus Industriels Armines | EQUIPMENT FOR NON-CONTACT MEASUREMENT OF THE WEIGHT OF A MOBILE CREW |
| CN114013695B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2024-05-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Sub-mN-level superconducting plane suspension type vacuum attitude and orbit control test system |
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| EP0170709B1 (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1988-06-01 | Hans-Wilhelm Lösch | Device for the connection without contact of a suspended part with a force meter |
| CN1292600A (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-04-25 | 西南交通大学 | Superconducting magnetic suspension system |
| US6595041B2 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2003-07-22 | Brian Nils Hansen | Method and apparatus for magnetic levitation |
| CN2591589Y (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2003-12-10 | 长沙超凡机电自控设备有限公司 | Magnetic suspension mechanism for electronic weighing apparatus |
| CN100578167C (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2010-01-06 | 上海中晨数字技术设备有限公司 | Magnetic levitation metering device and its uses |
| DE102009009204B3 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-04-15 | Dreisbach, Frieder, Dr. | Method for floating regulation of floating unit, involves controlling electromagnet in operating process such that floating unit adopts floating position, and determining absolute position value based on calibration value |
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