CN107264303B - Method and system for converting vehicle running condition into power battery running condition - Google Patents

Method and system for converting vehicle running condition into power battery running condition Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107264303B
CN107264303B CN201710317670.XA CN201710317670A CN107264303B CN 107264303 B CN107264303 B CN 107264303B CN 201710317670 A CN201710317670 A CN 201710317670A CN 107264303 B CN107264303 B CN 107264303B
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vehicle
power battery
power
condition
converting
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CN107264303A (en
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桂裕鹏
康健强
汪丽
胡德
王益锋
李云
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Guangdong Si Yue Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for converting the running working condition of a vehicle into the running working condition of a power battery, wherein the method comprises the following steps of calculating the total power Pe of the vehicle according to the dynamic parameters and the running working condition of the vehicle; discharging a fully charged power battery of the vehicle according to a running condition of the vehicle and a constant current of a preset multiplying power, and calculating an average voltage U of the power battery; and calculating the current I of the power battery according to the total power Pe of the vehicle and the average voltage U of the power battery, and determining the operation condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery. The method of the invention calculates the current I of the power battery according to the total power of the vehicle and the average voltage of the power battery, determines the operation condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery, and can provide reliable basis for determining whether the power performance requirement of the battery can be met, determining the SOC and the energy consumed by the battery under one or more working condition cycles, and determining the driving mileage of the vehicle.

Description

Method and system for converting vehicle running condition into power battery running condition
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a method and a system for converting a vehicle running condition into a power battery running condition.
Background
After the twenty-first century, along with the increasing exhaustion of fossil energy and the gradual deterioration of ecological environment, the electric vehicles are actively popularized and developed by mainly developed countries and large vehicle companies, the sales volume of the electric vehicles is rapidly increasing in recent years, and the electric vehicles are gradually accepted by common consumers. Currently, battery technology is the key to restricting the development of electric vehicles. The performance of the electric vehicle is mainly determined by the performance of the power battery. The pure electric vehicle has the following requirements on the performance of the power battery: (1) the specific energy and specific capacity are high, and the capacity and energy of the battery determine the maximum mileage which can be driven by single charging of the pure electric vehicle. At present, the maximum driving mileage of an electric vehicle under single charging is far less than the maximum driving mileage of a traditional vehicle under single refueling, which limits the application and popularization of the electric vehicle to a great extent; (2) the charge and discharge capacity is strong. When the vehicle is in working conditions such as starting, accelerating, climbing slope and the like, high power is needed, so the dynamic property is one of the most basic performances of the vehicle. The high-rate discharge capacity of the power battery is the most important index for embodying the power performance of the battery. When charging, the power battery also has strong charging acceptance capability to shorten the charging time; (3) the cycle life is long, the service cost of the whole electric vehicle is reduced to a great extent due to the longer service life of the battery, and the cost reduction is also a key step for the electric vehicle to enter the public life; (4) the safety is high, when the power battery is overcharged, the electrolyte is easily decomposed to generate gas and even explode, and the unsafe battery can cause personal injury to drivers and passengers, so that the healthy development of the electric vehicle is hindered. At present, lithium ion batteries have the advantages of being capable of bearing large charge-discharge rate, high in specific energy, good in safety performance, long in cycle life and the like, and become research hotspots of power batteries.
In addition to meeting the performance requirements, in the design link of the electric vehicle, the power battery must meet the requirements of the running condition of the vehicle. The driving condition of a vehicle, also called a vehicle operation cycle, is a speed-time curve for describing the driving characteristics of the vehicle under a specific traffic environment (such as an expressway and an urban road) for a certain type of vehicles (such as passenger cars, buses, heavy vehicles and the like). Some vehicle Driving conditions, such as european Driving Cycle (NEDC), etc., are set up in different countries or regions. For electric-only vehicles, a designer or researcher is concerned with how the battery operates during vehicle driving conditions. This requires converting the vehicle operating conditions into battery operating conditions for determining whether the battery can meet the power requirements, and the SOC and energy consumed by the battery over one or more cycles of operating conditions, and thus determining the vehicle mileage. It is a common core technology in the electric vehicle industry. Therefore, there is a need for a method and system for converting the driving condition of a vehicle into a battery operating condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for converting the running working condition of a vehicle into the running working condition of a power battery, which can provide reliable basis for determining whether the power requirement can be met by the battery, determining the SOC and the energy consumed by the battery under one or more working condition cycles and determining the running mileage of the vehicle.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method for converting the running condition of the vehicle into the running condition of the power battery comprises the following steps,
calculating the total power Pe of the vehicle according to the dynamic parameters and the running condition of the vehicle;
discharging a fully charged power battery of the vehicle according to a running condition of the vehicle and a constant current of a preset multiplying power, and calculating an average voltage U of the power battery;
and calculating the current I of the power battery according to the total power Pe of the vehicle and the average voltage U of the power battery, and determining the operation condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for converting the running working condition of the vehicle into the running working condition of the power battery calculates the current I of the power battery according to the total power of the vehicle and the average voltage of the power battery, determines the running working condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery, and can provide reliable basis for determining whether the power performance requirement of the battery can be met, determining the SOC and the energy consumed by the battery under one or more working condition cycles, and determining the running mileage of the vehicle.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the total power Pe of the vehicle is specifically the sum of the power Pj required for the vehicle to accelerate for travel, the power Pf required for the vehicle to overcome rolling resistance, the power Pw required for the vehicle to overcome wind resistance, and the power Pi required for the vehicle to overcome gradient resistance, divided by the total efficiency of the vehicle.
Further, the dynamic parameters of the vehicle include a vehicle mass m, a vehicle weight G equal to mg, a total efficiency η T, a rolling resistance coefficient f, a wind resistance coefficient CD, a windward area a, and a rotating mass conversion coefficient δ.
Further, the vehicle accelerates to make the required power Pj ═ (δ mV) × dV/dt, where dV/dt is the acceleration of the vehicle; the method for calculating the acceleration of the vehicle comprises the steps of importing vehicle running condition data by taking time t as a horizontal axis and speed V as a vertical axis, and drawing a time-speed curve graph of the vehicle; the time-speed curve of the vehicle is derived to obtain the acceleration a ═ dV/dt of the vehicle.
Further, the power Pf required by the vehicle to overcome the rolling resistance is GfV.
Further, the power Pw required by the vehicle to overcome wind resistance is CDAV 3.
Further, the power Pi required by the vehicle to overcome the gradient resistance is GVsin α, where α is the gradient of the road on which the vehicle is traveling.
Further, the overall efficiency of the vehicle is equal to the vehicle driveline mechanical efficiency multiplied by the vehicle motor efficiency.
Further, the current I of the power battery is calculated according to the formula Pe ═ UI.
Based on the method for converting the vehicle running working condition into the power battery running working condition, the invention also provides a system for converting the vehicle running working condition into the power battery running working condition.
The system for converting the running condition of the vehicle into the running condition of the power battery comprises a vehicle total power calculation module, a power battery average voltage calculation module and a power battery running condition determination module,
the vehicle total power calculation module is used for calculating the total power Pe of the vehicle according to the dynamic parameters and the running condition of the vehicle;
the power battery average voltage calculation module is used for discharging the fully charged power battery of the vehicle according to the running working condition of the vehicle and a constant current of a preset multiplying power, and calculating the average voltage U of the power battery;
and the power battery operation condition determining module is used for calculating the current I of the power battery according to the total power Pe of the vehicle and the average voltage U of the power battery, and determining the operation condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system for converting the running working condition of the vehicle into the running working condition of the power battery calculates the current I of the power battery according to the total power of the vehicle and the average voltage of the power battery, determines the running working condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery, and can provide reliable basis for determining whether the power performance requirement of the battery can be met, determining the SOC and the energy consumed by the battery under one or more working condition cycles, and determining the running mileage of the vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall method of converting vehicle operating conditions into power battery operating conditions in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flow chart of a method of converting a vehicle operating condition into a power battery operating condition according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between a speed and a time of a vehicle driving condition in the method for converting the vehicle driving condition into the power battery operating condition according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between acceleration and time of a vehicle driving condition in the method for converting the vehicle driving condition into the power battery operating condition according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the total power and the time of the operating condition of the power battery in the method for converting the driving condition of the vehicle into the operating condition of the power battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between current and time for operating conditions of a power battery in the method of converting vehicle driving conditions into operating conditions of the power battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a system for converting vehicle operating conditions into power battery operating conditions according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for converting the driving condition of the vehicle into the operating condition of the power battery comprises the following steps,
calculating the total power Pe of the vehicle according to the dynamic parameters and the running condition of the vehicle;
discharging a fully charged power battery of the vehicle according to a running condition of the vehicle and a constant current of a preset multiplying power, and calculating an average voltage U of the power battery;
and calculating the current I of the power battery according to the total power Pe of the vehicle and the average voltage U of the power battery, and determining the operation condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery.
The dynamic parameters of the vehicle comprise vehicle mass m, vehicle weight G mg, total efficiency η T, rolling resistance coefficient f, wind resistance coefficient CD, windward area A and rotating mass conversion coefficient delta, the vehicle accelerating running enables required power Pj (delta mV) dV/dt, the dV/dt is the acceleration of the vehicle, the acceleration of the vehicle is calculated by taking time T as a horizontal axis and taking speed V as a vertical axis, drawing a vehicle running condition data graph, and the vehicle time-speed graph is derived to obtain the vehicle acceleration a dV/dt., the vehicle required power for overcoming the rolling resistance is GfV, the vehicle required power for overcoming the wind resistance is equal to the vehicle running power coefficient PfAV 3, the vehicle power required for overcoming the gradient resistance is equal to the vehicle power coefficient PvPI, and the vehicle power coefficient is equal to the vehicle power GvAV 3.
Specifically, the method of the invention converts the running condition of the automobile into the running condition of the power battery, so that the vehicle and the power battery are required to be matched, namely the parameters of the vehicle are determined, and the parameters such as the number, the type and the like of the power battery are also determined. The following describes a specific process of the method for converting the driving condition of the vehicle into the operating condition of the power battery according to the present invention by taking fig. 2 as an example.
As shown in figure 2 of the drawings, in which,
and S1, determining dynamic parameters of the given vehicle, wherein the dynamic parameters comprise the mass m of the whole vehicle, the weight G of the whole vehicle as mg, the total efficiency η T, the rolling resistance coefficient f, the wind resistance coefficient CD, the windward area A and the rotating mass conversion coefficient delta.
S2: for a vehicle, the driving condition is a time-speed relationship curve of the vehicle. The U.S. operating conditions have a speed unit of miles/h and need to be converted to km/h.
S3: and (3) importing vehicle running condition data by taking time t as a horizontal axis and speed V as a vertical axis, drawing a vehicle time-speed curve graph, wherein Origin is common data processing and drawing software, a time sequence is set as an x axis after data is imported, a speed sequence is set as a y axis, and the step can be completed by other data processing software such as EXCEL.
S4: the derivative is carried out on the time-speed curve chart of the vehicle to obtain the acceleration a ═ dV/dt of the vehicle, and specifically, in Origin, the derivative is selected from the plotted time-speed curve, so that the time-acceleration curve and corresponding data can be made.
S5: the required power Pj when the vehicle accelerates is multiplied by a rotating mass conversion coefficient delta (about 1.1-1.4) in the accelerating resistance term under the driving condition. The 3600 value is a coefficient converted by time units (between seconds and hours), that is, 1S is 1/3600 h.
S6: the vehicle rolling resistance coefficient f is usually taken to be between 0.015 and 0.02. The 3600 value is a coefficient converted by time units (between seconds and hours), that is, 1S is 1/3600 h.
S7: the size of the wind resistance coefficient depends on the shape of the vehicle, the larger the wind resistance coefficient is, the larger the air resistance is, the wind resistance coefficient CD of the modern automobile is generally between 0.2 and 0.5, and the windward area A is determined according to the width and the height. The 76140 value is a constant, specifically, 76140 is 3600 × 21.15, more specifically, 3600 is a coefficient converted by a time unit (between seconds and hours), and 21.15 is obtained by mathematically transforming the density of air (where the density of air is a constant 1.2258).
S8: for urban conditions, the gradient can be generally regarded as 0, the term is negligible, and other specific conditions need to additionally explain the gradient value. The 3600 value is a coefficient converted by time units (between seconds and hours), that is, 1S is 1/3600 h.
S9: the total power Pe is the sum of all powers divided by the total efficiency, which is equal to the driveline mechanical efficiency multiplied by the motor efficiency. For a pure electric vehicle, Pe is the power that the power battery needs to provide.
S10: the discharge multiplying power is related to the working condition, if the accelerating running working condition or the high-speed working condition is adopted, the larger multiplying power of the power generation such as 1C can be selected, and if the urban road running working condition is adopted, the lower discharge multiplying power such as 0.2C or 0.33C can be selected.
S11: the reason for converting power to current is that many battery test instruments do not have battery operating steps set according to the power level, but can all set according to the current level.
In the embodiment, the whole vehicle mass of a certain type of electric automobile is 940kg, and the mechanical efficiency of the power train is η1About 89%, the motor efficiency is η293 percent, the rolling resistance coefficient f is 0.02, the wind resistance coefficient CD is 0.35, and the windward area A is 2.4m2The rotating mass conversion coefficient δ was 1.2, the rated voltage of the battery pack was 70V, and the rated capacity was 150A.
Further calculating the total vehicle weight G940 x 9.8 x 9212kN, total efficiency η T89 x 93 x 82.7%
The selected type of operating condition is U.S. operating condition US06, which is an acceleration operating condition, and the velocity time relationship curve plotted in Origin is shown in FIG. 3. The resultant is derived to obtain an acceleration a, and an acceleration-time relationship curve is shown in fig. 4.
According to the S5-8, Pj, Pf, Pw and Pi, the total power Pe is calculated according to S10, and the curve of the total power and the time relationship is shown in FIG. 5.
Because the running condition is selected as the acceleration condition, the battery pack is fully charged and then is discharged according to the constant current of 1C, the obtained average voltage is 64V, the battery current is obtained, the current magnitude is Pe 1000/64, and the curve of the relationship between the current and the time is shown in figure 6, namely the battery running condition.
The method for converting the running working condition of the vehicle into the running working condition of the power battery calculates the current I of the power battery according to the total power of the vehicle and the average voltage of the power battery, determines the running working condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery, and can provide reliable basis for determining whether the power performance requirement of the battery can be met, determining the SOC and the energy consumed by the battery under one or more working condition cycles, and determining the running mileage of the vehicle.
As shown in fig. 7, the system for converting the vehicle running condition into the power battery running condition includes a vehicle total power calculating module, a power battery average voltage calculating module and a power battery running condition determining module, wherein the vehicle total power calculating module is used for calculating the total power Pe of the vehicle according to the vehicle dynamic parameters and the running condition; the power battery average voltage calculation module is used for discharging the fully charged power battery of the vehicle according to the running working condition of the vehicle and a constant current of a preset multiplying power, and calculating the average voltage U of the power battery; and the power battery operation condition determining module is used for calculating the current I of the power battery according to the total power Pe of the vehicle and the average voltage U of the power battery, and determining the operation condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery.
The system for converting the running working condition of the vehicle into the running working condition of the power battery calculates the current I of the power battery according to the total power of the vehicle and the average voltage of the power battery, determines the running working condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery, and can provide reliable basis for determining whether the power performance requirement of the battery can be met, determining the SOC and the energy consumed by the battery under one or more working condition cycles, and determining the running mileage of the vehicle.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. The method for converting the running working condition of the vehicle into the running working condition of the power battery is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
calculating the total power Pe of the vehicle according to the dynamic parameters and the running condition of the vehicle;
discharging a fully charged power battery of the vehicle according to a running condition of the vehicle and a constant current of a preset multiplying power, and calculating an average voltage U of the power battery;
and calculating the current I of the power battery according to the total power Pe of the vehicle and the average voltage U of the power battery, and determining the operation condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery.
2. The method for converting vehicle driving conditions into power battery operating conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total power Pe of the vehicle is specifically the sum of the power Pj required for the vehicle to accelerate, the power Pf required for the vehicle to overcome the rolling resistance, the power Pw required for the vehicle to overcome the wind resistance, and the power Pi required for the vehicle to overcome the gradient resistance, divided by the total efficiency of the vehicle.
3. The method for converting the vehicle running condition into the power battery running condition according to claim 2, wherein the dynamic parameters of the vehicle comprise the vehicle mass m, the vehicle weight G mg, the total efficiency η T, the rolling resistance coefficient f, the wind resistance coefficient CD, the windward area A and the rotating mass conversion coefficient delta.
4. The method for converting vehicle driving conditions into power battery operating conditions according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: accelerating the vehicle to enable the required power Pj to be (delta mV) dV/dt, wherein the dV/dt is the acceleration of the vehicle; the method for calculating the acceleration of the vehicle comprises the steps of importing vehicle running condition data by taking time t as a horizontal axis and speed V as a vertical axis, and drawing a time-speed curve graph of the vehicle; the time-speed curve of the vehicle is derived to obtain the acceleration a ═ dV/dt of the vehicle.
5. The method for converting vehicle driving conditions into power battery operating conditions according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the power Pf required by the vehicle to overcome rolling resistance is GfV.
6. The method for converting vehicle driving conditions into power battery operating conditions according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the power Pw required by the vehicle to overcome wind resistance is CDAV 3.
7. A method for converting vehicle driving conditions into power battery operating conditions according to claim 4, wherein the power Pi for the vehicle to overcome the gradient resistance is GVsin α, wherein α is the gradient of the road on which the vehicle is driven.
8. The method for converting vehicle operating conditions into power battery operating conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the overall efficiency of the vehicle is equal to the vehicle driveline mechanical efficiency multiplied by the vehicle motor efficiency.
9. The method for converting vehicle operating conditions into power battery operating conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: and calculating the current I of the power battery according to the formula Pe-UI.
10. The system for converting the running condition of the vehicle into the running condition of the power battery is characterized in that: comprises a vehicle total power calculation module, a power battery average voltage calculation module and a power battery operation condition determination module,
the vehicle total power calculation module is used for calculating the total power Pe of the vehicle according to the dynamic parameters and the running condition of the vehicle;
the power battery average voltage calculation module is used for discharging the fully charged power battery of the vehicle according to the running working condition of the vehicle and a constant current of a preset multiplying power, and calculating the average voltage U of the power battery;
and the power battery operation condition determining module is used for calculating the current I of the power battery according to the total power Pe of the vehicle and the average voltage U of the power battery, and determining the operation condition of the power battery according to the current I of the power battery.
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CN112834929A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-05-25 宝能(广州)汽车研究院有限公司 Method and device for testing maximum discharge power of power battery of vehicle
CN113075565B (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-12-13 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Battery endurance test working condition design method and device and battery endurance test method

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