CN107264223A - A kind of monitoring in real time of the in-car gas of motor vehicle and alarm life saving system - Google Patents
A kind of monitoring in real time of the in-car gas of motor vehicle and alarm life saving system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000001408 Carbon monoxide poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009429 distress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
- B60H1/008—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models the input being air quality
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00821—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being ventilating, air admitting or air distributing devices
- B60H1/00828—Ventilators, e.g. speed control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
- B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
- B60R21/0153—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors
- B60R21/01534—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors using electromagneticwaves, e.g. infrared
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
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- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种机动车车内气体实时监控及报警救生系统，包括微控制器系统、监控系统和报警系统，所述监控系统包括气体检测系统和生物检测系统；所述报警系统包括语音提示系统、电容式LCD液晶显示模块、按键输入系统；所述微控制器系统连接执行机构。本发明可以通过微控制器控制相关传感器检测汽车在驻车时车内是否有人及宠物遗留在车内、有毒气体的含量和氧气和一氧化碳等气体的浓度，通过CAN总线与车载ECU进行通信，进而控制换气扇排气更新车内空气，排除有毒气体，同时可以把车内潮湿的空气换成车外干燥的空气，降低车内的湿度，减少由于汽车封闭造成的伤害。本发明检测灵敏度极高，误判率极低，工作稳定，因此具有很高的可靠性。
The invention provides a real-time monitoring and alarm life-saving system for gas inside a motor vehicle, which includes a microcontroller system, a monitoring system and an alarm system, the monitoring system includes a gas detection system and a biological detection system; the alarm system includes a voice prompt system, a capacitive LCD liquid crystal display module, and a key input system; the microcontroller system is connected to an actuator. The present invention can control relevant sensors to detect whether there are people and pets left in the car, the content of toxic gas and the concentration of gases such as oxygen and carbon monoxide in the car when the car is parked through the microcontroller, and communicate with the car ECU through the CAN bus, and then Control the exhaust of the ventilating fan to renew the air inside the car and remove toxic gases. At the same time, it can replace the humid air inside the car with dry air outside the car, reduce the humidity inside the car, and reduce the damage caused by the closed car. The invention has extremely high detection sensitivity, extremely low misjudgment rate and stable operation, so it has high reliability.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及机动车安全防护系统技术领域，尤其涉及一种机动车车内气体实时监控及报警救生系统。The invention relates to the technical field of motor vehicle safety protection systems, in particular to a real-time gas monitoring and alarm lifesaving system in a motor vehicle.
技术背景technical background
随着汽车行业的快速发展,车内空气污染也成为威胁人们健康的一个重要问题,车内环境质量已经引起了广泛关注，一氧化碳等有毒气体严重影响了车内乘员的生命安全。曾经新闻报道过数例因在车内开空调睡觉导致车内人员因缺氧而窒息死亡，也有把儿童和宠物遗漏在车内导致出现伤亡的事故的相关报道。当然在夏季经过阳光的曝晒汽车内的一些物品受热分解产生诸如甲醛等有毒气体严重危害了车内乘员的健康。为保证车内人员的健康及生命安全,对车内气体成分环境进行有效监测与预警已经成为一个亟待解决的问题。With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the air pollution inside the car has also become an important issue that threatens people's health. The environmental quality inside the car has attracted widespread attention. Toxic gases such as carbon monoxide have seriously affected the life safety of the occupants in the car. There have been news reports of several cases of suffocation and death of people in the car due to lack of oxygen due to sleeping with the air conditioner turned on in the car. There are also related reports of accidents in which children and pets were left in the car and caused casualties. Of course, some items in the car exposed to the sun in summer are heated and decomposed to produce toxic gases such as formaldehyde, which seriously endangers the health of the occupants in the car. In order to ensure the health and life safety of the occupants in the vehicle, effective monitoring and early warning of the gas composition environment in the vehicle has become an urgent problem to be solved.
专利号为201510120532.3的发明公开了一种汽车有害气体检测报警器，用于车内有害气体超标时的自动报警。控制器分别与一氧化碳传感器、二氧化碳传感器、指示灯、激光器的激光灯、汽车报警器触发器、蜂鸣器、手机模块、电源、电池连接，汽车报警器触发器与汽车防盗报警系统连接，手机模块内插有手机卡，通过通讯接口与控制器连接；一氧化碳传感器、二氧化碳传感器采集车内气体含量，与报警器内部设定的危险值比较，超过报警值后，控制器使蜂鸣器产生报警声，同时汽车报警器触发器触发汽车上的防盗报警系统，并通过手机模块给车主发送报警短信，激光投影仪在车玻璃上投出求救图案。该发明可方便路人发现问题车辆，保障车内人员生命安全。结构简单，智能化程度高。The invention with the patent number 201510120532.3 discloses an automobile harmful gas detection alarm, which is used for automatic alarm when the harmful gas in the car exceeds the standard. The controller is connected to the carbon monoxide sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, indicator light, laser light of the laser, car alarm trigger, buzzer, mobile phone module, power supply, battery, the car alarm trigger is connected to the car anti-theft alarm system, and the mobile phone module A mobile phone card is inserted and connected to the controller through the communication interface; the carbon monoxide sensor and carbon dioxide sensor collect the gas content in the car, compare it with the dangerous value set inside the alarm, and when the alarm value exceeds the alarm value, the controller will make the buzzer generate an alarm sound At the same time, the car alarm trigger triggers the anti-theft alarm system on the car, and sends an alarm message to the car owner through the mobile phone module, and the laser projector projects a distress pattern on the car glass. The invention can facilitate passers-by to find problematic vehicles and ensure the safety of people in the vehicles. The structure is simple and the degree of intelligence is high.
专利号为201610301599.1的发明涉及一种汽车安全检测方法，包括：获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行检测；根据检测的结果判断汽车尾气中的有害气体排放量是否超过第一阈值；若是，则获取汽车当前行驶速度与汽车车厢内温度，并在所述汽车当前行驶速度小于第二阈值以及所述汽车车厢内温度大于第三阈值时，通过汽车电控系统发出指令，控制所有汽车侧窗关闭，并自动打开汽车空调和汽车天窗。该发明能够减少堵车时汽车尾气对车厢内乘客的危害，保障乘客的身体安全。The invention with the patent number 201610301599.1 relates to a method for automobile safety detection, including: obtaining the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine; when the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust purifier Carry out detection; According to the result of detection, it is judged whether the amount of harmful gas discharge in the automobile exhaust exceeds the first threshold; When the temperature inside the automobile compartment is greater than the third threshold, an instruction is issued through the automobile electronic control system to control the closing of all automobile side windows, and automatically open the automobile air conditioner and the automobile sunroof. The invention can reduce the harm of vehicle exhaust to passengers in the compartment during traffic jams and ensure the physical safety of the passengers.
然而，通过调查研究发现，目前市面上的汽车上都还没有相应的车内氧气、有毒气体、空气湿度的检测装置，不能及时有效的更新车内的空气导致发生窒息伤亡事故，所以急需一种汽车安全防护系统，能有效排除有毒气体更新车内空气，保障车内成员的生命安全。However, through investigation and research, it is found that there are no corresponding detection devices for oxygen, toxic gas, and air humidity in the cars on the market at present, and the air in the cars cannot be updated in time and effectively, resulting in suffocation and casualties, so there is an urgent need for a The car safety protection system can effectively eliminate toxic gases and renew the air in the car, ensuring the safety of the members in the car.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点，提供了一种车内氧气及有毒气体实时监控检测控制报警与救生系统，通过借助相关气体传感器，使用高可靠性的微处理器处理相关数据，分析车内的气体成分，并控制车内的相关执行机构，及时的排除有毒气体更新车内空气，有效保障了车内成员的生命安全。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of oxygen and poisonous gas real-time monitoring detection control alarm and life-saving system in the car, by using relevant gas sensor, use the microprocessor of high reliability to process relevant data, Analyze the gas composition in the car, and control the relevant actuators in the car, timely remove toxic gas and update the air in the car, effectively ensuring the safety of the members in the car.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：一种机动车车内气体实时监控及报警救生系统，包括微控制器系统、监控系统和报警系统，所述监控系统与所述报警系统分别通过网络系统与所述微控制器系统连接；所述网络系统包括手机蜂窝网络系统；所述监控系统包括气体检测系统和生物检测系统；所述报警系统包括语音提示系统、电容式LCD液晶显示模块、按键输入系统；所述微控制器系统连接执行机构。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a real-time monitoring and alarm lifesaving system for the gas in the vehicle, including a microcontroller system, a monitoring system and an alarm system, and the monitoring system and the alarm system are respectively passed The network system is connected with the microcontroller system; the network system includes a mobile phone cellular network system; the monitoring system includes a gas detection system and a biological detection system; the alarm system includes a voice prompt system, a capacitive LCD liquid crystal display module, A key input system; the microcontroller system is connected to the actuator.
进一步地，所述手机蜂窝网络系统包括信息处理微控制器以及分别与所述信息处理微控制器连接的GSM模块、LTE网络模块。Further, the mobile phone cellular network system includes an information processing microcontroller and a GSM module and an LTE network module respectively connected to the information processing microcontroller.
进一步地，所述语音报警系统包括语音报警芯片以及分别与所述语音报警芯片连接的蜂鸣器、语音报警电路。Further, the voice alarm system includes a voice alarm chip, a buzzer and a voice alarm circuit respectively connected to the voice alarm chip.
进一步地，所述生物检测系统包括顺次连接的红外热释电传感器、信号滤波电路、信号放大电路。Further, the biological detection system includes an infrared pyroelectric sensor, a signal filtering circuit, and a signal amplifying circuit connected in sequence.
进一步地，所述电容式LCD液晶显示模块包括LCD显示器以及分别与所述LCD显示器连接的LCD显示控制电路、晶体管，所述按键输入系统包括按键输入电路。Further, the capacitive LCD liquid crystal display module includes an LCD display, an LCD display control circuit and a transistor respectively connected to the LCD display, and the key input system includes a key input circuit.
进一步地，所述微控制器系统包括32位微控制器，所述微控制器连接外围电路。Further, the microcontroller system includes a 32-bit microcontroller connected to peripheral circuits.
进一步地，所述执行机构受微控制器系统控制，包括汽车换气系统及驱动控制电路。Further, the actuator is controlled by a microcontroller system, including an automobile ventilation system and a drive control circuit.
进一步地，实现本发明机动车车内气体实时监控及报警救生系统功能的方法为：Further, the method for realizing the real-time monitoring and alarm lifesaving system function of the gas inside the motor vehicle of the present invention is as follows:
1）当汽车驻车时，红外热释电传感器检测车内是否有生物滞留在车内，传感器将检测到的目标信号送至滤波放大电路，转换成稳定的电信号，然后送至A/D转换电路，经过A/D转换电路转换后，把转换后得到的数字信号通过I/O串行端口传送至微控制器，微控制器对接收的目标信号进行分析、计算、对比等处理，微控制器产生相应的控制指令；1) When the car is parked, the infrared pyroelectric sensor detects whether there is any creature in the car, and the sensor sends the detected target signal to the filter amplifier circuit, converts it into a stable electrical signal, and then sends it to the A/D The conversion circuit, after being converted by the A/D conversion circuit, transmits the converted digital signal to the microcontroller through the I/O serial port, and the microcontroller analyzes, calculates, and compares the received target signal. The controller generates corresponding control instructions;
2）当红外热释电传感器检测到有生物滞留在车内，微控制器产生相关指令，使各类型的气体传感器处于正常工作状态；2) When the infrared pyroelectric sensor detects that there are organisms trapped in the vehicle, the microcontroller generates relevant instructions to make various types of gas sensors work normally;
3）气体传感器将检测到的目标信号送至滤波放大电路，转换成稳定的电信号，然后送至A/D转换电路，经过A/D转换电路转换后，把转换后得到的数字信号通过I/O串行端口传送至微控制器，微控制器对接收的目标信号进行分析、计算、对比等处理，处理结果将发送至LCD液晶屏幕上显示；3) The gas sensor sends the detected target signal to the filter amplifier circuit, converts it into a stable electrical signal, and then sends it to the A/D conversion circuit. After being converted by the A/D conversion circuit, the converted digital signal is passed through the I The /O serial port is transmitted to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller analyzes, calculates, compares and processes the received target signal, and the processing results will be sent to the LCD screen for display;
4）如果车内有毒气体浓度超出预定的阈值或者氧气浓度低于预定的阈值，微控制器产生并发送相关指令；4) If the concentration of toxic gas in the car exceeds the predetermined threshold or the oxygen concentration is lower than the predetermined threshold, the microcontroller generates and sends relevant instructions;
5）微控制器发送指令打开汽车的换气扇，及时排除车内的有毒气体，此时语音提示系统发出声音，提醒车内的乘员，系统通过GPRS等蜂窝网络系统发送消息告知车主相关车内相关信息，可以使车主及时去车内查看情况有效地避免伤亡事故的发生；5) The microcontroller sends an instruction to turn on the ventilation fan of the car to remove the toxic gas in the car in time. At this time, the voice prompt system makes a sound to remind the occupants in the car. The system sends a message through a cellular network system such as GPRS to inform the car owner of relevant information in the car , so that the owner can go to the car to check the situation in time to effectively avoid the occurrence of casualties;
6）如果微控制器检测到车内气体环境恢复到正常水平，微控制器发出指令使换气扇停止工作进入待机状态，如果此时有毒气体浓度依旧过高或者氧气浓度依旧过低，微控制器会发送指令让换气扇持续工作至车内气体环境恢复到正常水平为止。6) If the microcontroller detects that the gas environment in the car has returned to a normal level, the microcontroller sends an instruction to stop the ventilation fan and enter the standby state. If the concentration of toxic gas is still too high or the oxygen concentration is still too low, the microcontroller will Send instructions to make the ventilation fan continue to work until the gas environment in the car returns to a normal level.
本发明的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明设计了车内氧气浓度、有害气体成分及浓度检测系统,对车内一氧化碳、氧气、二氧化碳等气体以及温度、湿度进行实时监测和预警，必要时自启动应急措施，保证将危害降低到较低程度。避免驾乘者受到有毒气体及缺氧导致的伤害，以及把儿童和动物遗漏在封闭车内导致伤亡的事故。此发明可有效避免人身事故和财产损失。本发明除了可以应用在汽车内也可以安装在人们的居住房内，在中国有大量的居民使用天然气烧水取暖以及做饭，北方地区也有居民在冬季使用煤炭进行取暖一氧化碳中毒事故屡见不鲜，本发明可以有效避免此类事故的发生，所以，本系统的设计方案基于全局战略考虑，汽车的保有量众多，与每个人的生活都息息相关，因此具有很广泛的应用范围和很高的实用价值。The invention designs a detection system for oxygen concentration, harmful gas components and concentration in the vehicle, and performs real-time monitoring and early warning of carbon monoxide, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other gases as well as temperature and humidity in the vehicle, and self-starts emergency measures when necessary to ensure that the hazards are reduced to a relatively low level. low level. Avoid injuries caused by toxic gases and hypoxia for drivers and passengers, as well as accidents that cause casualties caused by leaving children and animals in closed cars. The invention can effectively avoid personal accidents and property losses. The present invention can be installed in people's houses in addition to being applied in automobiles. In China, a large number of residents use natural gas to heat water and cook, and there are also residents in northern areas who use coal for heating in winter. Carbon monoxide poisoning accidents are not uncommon. The present invention It can effectively avoid such accidents. Therefore, the design of this system is based on overall strategic considerations. There are a large number of cars, which are closely related to everyone's life. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications and high practical value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是目标检测系统基本结构简图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the target detection system.
图2.是系统工作流程简图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system workflow.
图3是信息发送系统结构简图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the information sending system.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图及具体实施例，对本发明作进一步的详细描述。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
随着汽车行业的快速发展,车内空气污染也成为威胁人们健康的一个重要问题,车内环境质量已经引起了广泛关注，为保证车内人员的健康及生命安全,对车内气体成分环境进行有效监测与预警已经成为一个亟待解决的问题。With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the air pollution inside the car has become an important issue that threatens people's health. The quality of the environment inside the car has attracted widespread attention. Effective monitoring and early warning has become an urgent problem to be solved.
如图1至图3所示，本发明提供的机动车车内气体实时监控及报警救生系统，包括微控制器系统、监控系统和报警系统，所述监控系统与所述报警系统分别通过网络系统与所述微控制器系统连接；所述网络系统包括手机蜂窝网络系统；所述监控系统包括气体检测系统和生物检测系统；所述报警系统包括语音提示系统、电容式LCD液晶显示模块、按键输入系统；所述微控制器系统连接执行机构。As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the real-time monitoring and alarming lifesaving system of the gas inside the motor vehicle provided by the present invention includes a microcontroller system, a monitoring system and an alarm system, and the monitoring system and the alarm system are connected through the network system respectively. Connected with the microcontroller system; the network system includes a mobile phone cellular network system; the monitoring system includes a gas detection system and a biological detection system; the alarm system includes a voice prompt system, a capacitive LCD liquid crystal display module, and key input system; the microcontroller system is connected to the actuator.
手机蜂窝网络系统包括信号收发天线、无线传输模块、信息处理芯片、总线通信模块。总线通信模块从总线上获取微控制器发出的信号，并将信号处理过后发送给信息处理模块，信息处理模块将信息转码之后发送给无线传输模块，继而无线通信模块通过收发天线将信息传送给基站。同时该系统也可以接收外界发来的相关指令信息。The mobile phone cellular network system includes a signal transceiver antenna, a wireless transmission module, an information processing chip, and a bus communication module. The bus communication module obtains the signal sent by the microcontroller from the bus, and sends the signal to the information processing module after processing. The information processing module transcodes the information and sends it to the wireless transmission module, and then the wireless communication module transmits the information to the base station. At the same time, the system can also receive relevant instruction information from the outside world.
气体检测系统包括一系列的气体传感器、信号放大及AD转换电路、温度、湿度传感器、晶体管。气体传感器可以实时的检测车内一氧化碳、氧气、二氧化碳的浓度。信号放大及AD转换电路可以将气体传感器检测到的微弱的模拟信号经放大电路放大和AD转换电路处理后转换成可以供微控制器读取的数字信号并通过总线发送给微控制器。温度、湿度传感器可以检测车内的实时温度与适度，并将相关信息发送给微控制器。晶体管可以控制传感器的供电系统的通断，晶体管受微控制器系统控制。气体传感器要具备功耗极低、检测范围广、灵敏度高、反应快、寿命长，应用电路简单、体积小的特点。A/D转换电路具有低功耗、高速、串行输出等特点。The gas detection system includes a series of gas sensors, signal amplification and AD conversion circuits, temperature and humidity sensors, and transistors. The gas sensor can detect the concentration of carbon monoxide, oxygen and carbon dioxide in the car in real time. The signal amplification and AD conversion circuit can convert the weak analog signal detected by the gas sensor into a digital signal that can be read by the microcontroller after being amplified by the amplifier circuit and processed by the AD conversion circuit, and sent to the microcontroller through the bus. The temperature and humidity sensors can detect the real-time temperature and temperature in the car, and send relevant information to the microcontroller. The transistor can control the on-off of the power supply system of the sensor, and the transistor is controlled by the microcontroller system. The gas sensor should have the characteristics of extremely low power consumption, wide detection range, high sensitivity, fast response, long life, simple application circuit and small size. The A/D conversion circuit has the characteristics of low power consumption, high speed, and serial output.
生物检测系统包括红外热释电传感器、晶体管。红外热释电传感器可以检测汽车在驻车是车内是否有生物遗留在车内，在车内布置多个红外热释电传感器以提高该系统的稳定性与可靠性。晶体管受微控制器控制，且晶体管可以控制红外热释电传感器供电电路的通断。Biological detection system includes infrared pyroelectric sensor, transistor. The infrared pyroelectric sensor can detect whether there is any biological residue in the car when the car is parked. Multiple infrared pyroelectric sensors are arranged in the car to improve the stability and reliability of the system. The transistor is controlled by the microcontroller, and the transistor can control the on-off of the power supply circuit of the infrared pyroelectric sensor.
语音提示系统包括语音提示芯片、蜂鸣器、语音提示电路。所述语音提示芯片中的语音提示内容可以借助电脑预先编制，所述语音提示系统接收微控制器产生的控制信号，并根据控制信号来控制语音提示电路的导通与断开，进而控制语音提示系统所处的工作状态。The voice prompt system includes a voice prompt chip, a buzzer, and a voice prompt circuit. The voice prompt content in the voice prompt chip can be programmed in advance by means of a computer, and the voice prompt system receives the control signal generated by the microcontroller, and controls the conduction and disconnection of the voice prompt circuit according to the control signal, and then controls the voice prompt The working state of the system.
电容式LCD液晶显示模块及按键输入系统包括液晶触摸屏幕及其控制电路、按键及其电路、晶体管。液晶屏幕可以显示所检测的各种气体的浓度、车内的温湿度、相关设置。用户可以通过触摸屏或者按键来设置系统的相关设置、输入预留手机号码。The capacitive LCD liquid crystal display module and key input system includes a liquid crystal touch screen and its control circuit, keys and its circuit, and a transistor. The LCD screen can display the concentration of various gases detected, the temperature and humidity in the car, and related settings. The user can set the relevant settings of the system and enter the reserved mobile phone number through the touch screen or buttons.
微控制器系统包括微控制器及其相关的外围电路。微控制器需要接收并处理各类型传感器发送过来的各种模拟与数字信号，也可以储存用户设置的相关设置与预留的手机号码并且在断电状态下可以保护数据不丢失。微控制器需要将部分处理后的信息显示在液晶显示器上，以便驾驶者实时的读取相关信息。微控制器还要控制汽车的受微控制器系统控制的执行机构。微控制器可以控制各种传感器的供电电路以便使整个系统进入休眠状态降低系统的功耗。受微控制器系统控制的执行机构包括汽车换气扇、车窗升降电动机及其驱动电路。微控制器通过发送信号控制汽车换气扇的工作状态，当接收到微控制器发来的信号时换气扇打开及时的排出车内的有毒气体。A microcontroller system includes a microcontroller and its associated peripheral circuits. The microcontroller needs to receive and process various analog and digital signals sent by various types of sensors. It can also store the relevant settings set by the user and the reserved mobile phone number, and can protect the data from loss when the power is off. The microcontroller needs to display part of the processed information on the liquid crystal display, so that the driver can read relevant information in real time. The microcontroller also controls the vehicle's actuators that are controlled by the microcontroller system. The microcontroller can control the power supply circuit of various sensors so that the whole system enters a sleep state to reduce the power consumption of the system. The actuators controlled by the microcontroller system include automotive ventilation fans, window lift motors and their drive circuits. The microcontroller sends a signal to control the working status of the car ventilator. When receiving the signal from the microcontroller, the ventilator opens to discharge the toxic gas in the car in time.
考虑到目前汽车内还没有相关产品，同时为解决生活中存在的相关问题，本发明通过热释红外传感器检测汽车在驻车时是否有生物遗留在车内，若检测到车内有生物，氧气及有毒气体传感器对车内气体成分进行检测，通过CAN总线将检测结果发送给微控制器进行分析处理，如果检测到氧气浓度正常，系统进入休眠状态使系统的功耗降到最低，如果检测到氧气浓度过低或有毒气体浓度过高，微控制会发出相关指令，通过CAN总线将指令发送给执行单元，执行单元会打开汽车换气系统（换气扇）及时排除车内的有害气体成分，更新车内的空气（如果车内气体成分恢复到正常水平系统会自动关闭汽车换气系统），并通过GSM、LTE等蜂窝网络将车内的相关信息通过短信的形式发送给车主以便车主及时回到车内查看，从而避免发生伤亡事故，保障车内乘员的生命安全。本发明通过LCD液晶显示器将检测到的有毒气体显示到屏幕上，车主可以实时的了解到车内的气体情况。Considering that there are no related products in the car at present, and in order to solve related problems in daily life, the present invention detects whether there are organisms left in the car when the car is parked through a pyrolytic infrared sensor. And the toxic gas sensor detects the gas composition in the car, and sends the detection result to the microcontroller through the CAN bus for analysis and processing. If the oxygen concentration is detected to be normal, the system enters a sleep state to minimize the power consumption of the system. If the oxygen concentration is too low or the concentration of toxic gas is too high, the micro-controller will issue relevant instructions, and send the instructions to the execution unit through the CAN bus, and the execution unit will turn on the car ventilation system (ventilation fan) to remove harmful gas components in the car in time and update the car. The air in the car (if the gas composition in the car returns to the normal level, the system will automatically turn off the car ventilation system), and send the relevant information in the car to the car owner in the form of SMS through GSM, LTE and other cellular networks so that the car owner can return to the car in time. Check inside, so as to avoid casualties and ensure the safety of the occupants in the car. The invention displays the detected poisonous gas on the screen through the LCD liquid crystal display, and the car owner can know the gas situation in the car in real time.
在实际应用时，本发明除了可以应用在汽车内也可以安装在人们的居住房内，在中国有大量的居民使用天然气烧水取暖以及做饭，北方地区也有居民在冬季使用煤炭进行取暖一氧化碳中毒事故屡见不鲜，本发明可以有效避免此类事故的发生，所以，本系统的设计方案基于全局战略考虑，汽车的保有量众多，与每个人的生活都息息相关，因此具有很广泛的应用范围和很高的实用价值。In actual application, the present invention can be installed in people's houses besides being used in cars. In China, a large number of residents use natural gas to heat water and cook. There are also residents in northern regions who use coal for heating in winter. Carbon monoxide poisoning Accidents are not uncommon, and the present invention can effectively avoid the occurrence of such accidents. Therefore, the design of this system is based on overall strategic considerations. There are a large number of cars, which are closely related to everyone's life. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications and a high practical value.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，本领域的一般技术人员将认识到，使用本发明的方案还可以实现许多可选的实施例。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many optional embodiments can be realized by using the solutions of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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